"Theory of mind" is the phrase researchers use to refer to children's understanding of people as mental beings, who have beliefs, desires, emotions, and intentions, and whose actions and interactions can be interpreted and explained by taking account of these mental states. The gradual development of children's theory of mind, particularly during the early years, is by now well described in the research literature. What is lacking, however, is a decisive explanation of how children acquire this understanding. Recent research has shown strong relations between children's linguistic abilities and their theory of mind. Yet exactly what role these abilities play is controversial and uncertain. The purpose of this book is to provide a forum for the leading scholars in the field to explore thoroughly the role of language in the development of the theory of mind. This volume will appeal to students and researchers in developmental and cognitive psychology.

Guided Cognition for Learning: Unsupervised Learning and the Design of Effective Homework details a new instructional design approach called Guided Cognition where homework tasks are designed to guide learners to engage in specific, observable cognitive events that are hypothesized to elicit underlying theoretical cognitive processes that result in learning. Outlining the results of twenty-six experiments completed over the course of eight years, the book tells a significant story about the generality of Guided Cognition instructional design to improve comprehension and recall by students of varying ages and ability levels.

There is a growing recognition in the learning sciences that video games can no longer be seen as impediments to education, but rather, they can be developed to enhance learning. Educational and developmental psychologists, education researchers, media psychologists, and cognitive psychologists are now joining game designers and developers in seeking out new ways to use video game play in the classroom. In Learning by Playing, a diverse group of contributors provide perspectives on the most current thinking concerning the ramifications of leisure video game play for academic classroom learning. The first section of the text provides foundational understanding of the cognitive skills and content knowledge that children and adolescents acquire and refine during video game play. The second section explores game features that captivate and promote skills development among game players. The subsequent sections discuss children and adolescents' learning in the context of different types of games and the factors that contribute to transfer of learning from video game play to the classroom. These chapters then form the basis for the concluding section of the text: a specification of the most appropriate research agenda to investigate the academic potential of video game play, particularly using those games that child and adolescent players find most compelling. Contributors include researchers in education, learning sciences, and cognitive and developmental psychology, as well as instructional design researchers.

This book celebrates two triumphs in modern psychology: the successful development and application of a solid measure of general intelligence; and the personal courage and skills of the man who made this possible - Arthur R. Jensen from Berkeley University.
The volume traces the history of intelligence from the early 19th century approaches, to the most recent analyses of the hierarchical structure of cognitive abilities, and documents the transition from a hopelessly confused concept of intelligence to the development of an objective measure of psychometric g. The contributions illustrate the impressive power g has with respect to predicting educational achievement, getting an attractive job, or social stratification.
The book is divided into six parts as follows: Part I presents the most recent higher-stream analysis of cognitive abilities, Part II deals with biological aspects of g, such as research on brain imaging, glucose uptake, working memory, reaction time, inspection time, and other biological correlates, and concludes with the latest findings in g-related molecular genetics. Part III addresses demographic aspects of g, such as geographic-, race-, and sex-differences, and introduces differential psychological aspects as well. Part IV concentrates on the g nexus, and relates such highly diverse topics as sociology, genius, retardation, training, education, jobs, and crime to g. Part V contains chapters critical of research on g and its genetic relationship, and also presents a rejoinder. Part VI looks at one of the greatest contemporary psychologists, Professor Emeritus Arthur R. Jensen as teacher and mentor.

An insightful and moving account, "The Heart Moves in a Circular Direction" tells the story of Ingeborg Gubler Casey, nicknamed "Biby," who must come to terms with her mother's mental illness even as she battles fears that she will succumb to the same disease.

While growing up, Biby shares her mother's delusional world but as a teen, conversations with her mother leave her in turmoil. After entering college, Biby tries to focus on her future. She cuts off contact with her mother, and, in her attempts to ward off guilt and anxiety, pretends she has no mother.

When her older sister returns for a visit, they decide to visit their mother together. After an absence of ten years, Biby must summon all her courage to face her mother. Despite becoming a psychologist, she has little understanding of her own emotions, especially her conflicting feelings about her mother.

After her father's death, as Biby re-engages with her mother, she finds herself embarked on a turbulent journey of self-discovery. She emerges more whole, and, as she begins to truly understand the depth of her legacy, she is brought closer to her mother.

"Rethinking Children's Play" examines attitudes towards, and experiences of, children's play. Fraser Brown and Michael Patte draw on a wide range of thought, research and practice from different fields and countries to debate, challenge and re-appraise long held beliefs, attitudes and ways of working and living with children in the play environment.Children need to play and the benefits of play are many and varied, but they are too often underestimated by parents, educators, politicians and society in general. The authors apply a playwork perspective to a wide range of settings populated by children, both formal and informal, to explore the idea that children's learning and development derives substantially from their opportunities to engage with a rich play environment that is supportive of the play process.Thoughts are provoked through examples of research, reflections on research, activities, key points and guidance on further reading."Rethinking Children's Play" is essential for all those studying childhood at undergraduate and graduate level and of great interest to those working with children in any field.

This book explores social media and technology across the lifespan. The authors argue that those of different ages and life stages have very diverse experiences with these types of media and demonstrate the importance of analysing the entire lifespan in the context of technology use. They acknowledge and celebrate social media for the positives that it can bring to our lives but also recognise that there may be challenges for particular developmental stages.

This handbook offers a comprehensive review of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for working in integrated pediatric behavioral health care settings. It provides research findings, explanations of theoretical concepts and principles, and descriptions of therapeutic procedures as well as case studies from across broad conceptual areas. Chapters discuss the value of integrated care, diversity issues, ethical considerations, and the necessary adaptations. In addition, chapters address specific types of pediatric conditions and patients, such as the implementation of CBT with patients with gastrointestinal complaints, enuresis, encopresis, cancer, headaches, epilepsy, sleep problems, diabetes, and asthma. The handbook concludes with important directions in research and practice, including training and financial considerations.Topics featured in this handbook include: Emotional regulation and pediatric behavioral health problems. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for pediatric medical conditions. Pharmacological interventions and the combined use of CBT and medication. CBT in pediatric patients with chronic pain. CBT for pediatric obesity. CBT-informed treatments and approaches for transgender and gender expansive youth. Medical non-compliance and non-adherence associated with CBT. Training issues in pediatric psychology. The Handbook of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric Medical Conditions is an essential resource for researchers and graduate students as well as clinicians, related therapists, and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, pediatrics, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, child and adolescent psychiatry, nursing, and special education.

This book presents new scientific knowledge on using developmental science to improving lives of children and youth across the globe. It highlights emerging pathways to sustainability as well as the interconnectedness and interdependence of developmental science and sustainable children and youth development globally. Presenting cross-cultural views and current perspectives on the role of developmental science in the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals for children and youth development, contributors from different disciplines from low-and-middle-income countries or scholars working in these countries capture ground realities of the situation of children and youth in these regions. This book addresses developmental issues related to inequity, gender, health, education, social protection, and needs of vulnerable populations of children and youth. Other areas of focus are improving mechanisms and monitoring frameworks of development and well-being indicators.

Dynamic Thinking: A Primer on Dynamic Field Theory introduces the reader to a new approach to understanding cognitive and neural dynamics using the concepts of Dynamic Field Theory (DFT). Dynamic Neural Fields are formalizations of how neural populations represent the continuous dimensions of perceptual features, movements, and cognitive decisions. The concepts of DFT establish links between brain and behavior, revealing ways in which models of brain function can be tested with both neural and behavioral measures. Thus, DFT bridges the gap between brain and behavior, between neuroscience and the behavioral sciences. The book provides systematic tutorials on the central concepts of DFT and their grounding in both dynamical systems theory and neurophysiology. The concrete mathematical implementation of these concepts is laid out, supported by hands-on exercises that make use of interactive simulators in MATLAB. The book also contains a large set of exemplary case studies in which the concepts and associated models are used to understand how elementary forms of embodied cognition emerge and develop.

The third book in Young's unique trilogy on causality and development continues to locate and define the central role of causality in biopsychosocial and network/systems development, and as a unifying concept of psychology itself. As a way of discussing causality, in general, initially, the book focuses on the acquisition of handedness and hemispheric specialization in infancy and childhood, and their relations to the development of cognition, language, and emotion, in particular. The second part of the book elaborates an innovative 25-step Neo-Eriksonian model of development across the life course based on a Neo-Piagetian model covered in the previous books, completing a step-by-step account of development over the lifespan cognitively and socio-emotionally. It builds on the concept of neo-stage, which is network-based. From this conceptual synthesis, the author's robust theory of development and causality identifies potential areas for psychological problems and pathology at each developmental step as well as science-based possibilities for their treatment. This elegant volume: Presents a clear picture of the development of handedness and laterality in more depth than has been attempted in the literature to date. Traces the causal concepts of activation-inhibition coordination and networking in the context of development. Describes in depth a novel 25-step Neo-Eriksonian lifespan model of development. Reviews relevant research on Piagetian and Eriksonian theories in development. Emphasizes the clinical utility of the described 25-step Neo-Eriksonian approach to lifespan development. A significant step in understanding this highly nuanced subject and synthesizing a broad knowledge base, Causality and Development will find an interested audience among developmental psychologists, mental health practitioners, academics, and researchers.chers.

Contemporary research shows that parents who tell and read stories in a rich and responsive way have children with advanced language, memory, and emotional development. Many parents and educators have relied on reading books out loud to children as a way to strengthen their literacy skills, but what they may not know is that family storytelling may be just as important for children's development as reading books. In Tell Me a Story Dr. Elaine Reese explains how storytelling is valuable for children's language, emotional development, coping, self-concept, and sense of belonging. Based on solid research evidence collected over the last two decades, this book shows parents how to maximize these benefits with storytelling techniques that work with children of all ages, from toddlers to teens, and all kinds of children, including children with ADHD, difficult temperaments, and language delays. Reese identifies the most effective ways for strengthening children's language, cognitive, and coping skills and addresses the following questions: How can parents tell stories that matter to children and adolescents? How is storytelling with daughters different than storytelling with sons? How can parents and grandparents share stories that teenagers will want to hear? Why is it a good idea to tell children stories in addition to reading them stories from a book? Parents and grandparents will enjoy Reese's narrative excerpts and storytelling tips and be eager to apply their newfound skills to promote their children's and grandchildren's development and enhance their time together.

Violent video games are successfully marketed to and easily obtained by children and adolescents. Even the U.S. government distributes one such game, America's Army, through both the internet and its recruiting offices. Is there any scientific evidence to support the claims that violent games contribute to aggressive and violent behavior?
Anderson, Gentile, and Buckley first present an overview of empirical research on the effects of violent video games, and then add to this literature three new studies that fill the most important gaps. They update the traditional General Aggression Model to focus on both developmental processes and how media-violence exposure can increase the likelihood of aggressive and violent behavior in both short- and long-term contexts. Violent Video Game Effects on Children and Adolescents also reviews the history of these games' explosive growth, and explores the public policy options for controlling their distribution. Anderson et al. describe the reaction of the games industry to scientific findings that exposure to violent video games and other forms of media violence constitutes a significant risk factor for later aggressive and violent behavior. They argue that society should begin a more productive debate about whether to reduce the high rates of exposure to media violence, and delineate the public policy options that are likely be most effective.
As the first book to unite empirical research on and public policy options for violent video games, Violent Video Game Effects on Children and Adolescents will be an invaluable resource for student and professional researchers in social and developmental psychology and media studies.

This book presents for the first time in English language an overview of the research done in Brazil in the field of studies of children's play. The volume brings together contributions from researchers of the Working Group Toy, Education and Health, of the Brazilian National Association of Research and Graduate Studies in Psychology (ANPEPP), including empirical studies and literature reviews about indigenous children, riverside communities, urban children in situation of social vulnerability, projects of early childhood education and the ludic possibilities of digital technologies. It aims to show the cultural diversity of Brazil expressed in its children's play, providing valuable resources for international researchers of play interested in intercultural studies.

Writing is one of humankind's greatest inventions, and modern societies could not function if their citizens could not read and write. How do skilled readers pick up meaning from markings on a page so quickly, and how do children learn to do so? The chapters in the Oxford Handbook of Reading synthesize research on these topics from fields ranging from vision science to cognitive psychology and education, focusing on how studies using a cognitive approach can shed light on how the reading process works. To set the stage, the opening chapters present information about writing systems and methods of studying reading, including those that examine speeded responses to individual words as well as those that use eye movement technology to determine how sentences and short passages of text are processed. The following section discusses the identification of single words by skilled readers, as well as insights from studies of adults with reading disabilities due to brain damage. Another section considers how skilled readers read a text silently, addressing such issues as the role of sound in silent reading and how readers' eyes move through texts. Detailed quantitative models of the reading process are proposed throughout. The final sections deal with how children learn to read and spell, and how they should be taught to do so. These chapters review research with learners of different languages and those who speak different dialects of a language; discuss children who develop typically as well as those who exhibit specific disabilities in reading; and address questions about how reading should be taught with populations ranging from preschoolers to adolescents, and how research findings have influenced education. The Oxford Handbook of Reading will benefit researchers and graduate students in the fields of cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, education, and related fields (e.g., speech and language pathology) who are interested in reading, reading instruction, or reading disorders.

Since the early 20th century, parenting books, pediatricians, and other health care providers have dispensed recommendations regarding children's sleep that frequently involved behavioral and educational approaches. In the last few decades, however, psychologists and other behavioral scientists and clinicians have amassed a critical body of research and clinical recommendations regarding developmental changes in sleep, sleep hygiene recommendations from infancy through adolescence, and behaviorally oriented treatment strategies for children and adolescents. The Oxford Handbook of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Sleep and Behavior provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art review of current research and clinical developments in normal and disordered sleep from infancy through emerging adulthood. The handbook comprises seven sections: sleep and development; factors influencing sleep; assessment of sleep and sleep problems; sleep challenges, problems, and disorders; consequences of insufficient sleep; sleep difficulties associated with developmental and behavioral risks; and prevention and intervention. Written by international experts in psychology and related disciplines from diverse fields of study and clinical backgrounds, this handbook is a comprehensive resource that will meet the needs of clinicians, researchers, and graduate students with an interest in the multidisciplinary and emerging field of child and adolescent sleep and behavior.

A uniquely detailed study of child development theory and practice in the post-World War II era Sixty years ago, a group of prominent psychoanalysts, developmentalists, pediatricians, and educators at the Yale Child Study Center joined together with the purpose of formulating a general psychoanalytic theory of children's early development. The group's members composed detailed narratives about their work with the study's children, interviewed families regularly and visited them in their homes, and over the course of a decade met monthly for discussion. The contributors to this volume consider the significance of the Child Study Center's landmark study from various perspectives, focusing particularly on one child's unfolding sense of herself, her gender, and her relationships.

This book offers a strengths-based, family-focused approach to improving the educational performance and school experience of struggling Black and Latino students. The book discusses educational challenges faced by low-income families of color and the different strengths within Black and Latino family life that can affect these challenges. It focuses building on these strengths within the children's home environments that can serve as a foundation for subsequent learning. The chapters describe a wide range of family practices and beliefs, including development of interventions to support families that promote early language and literacy, early mathematics, and social skills. The chapters also present quantitative and/or qualitative studies using a strengths-based approach to parents' socialization of their children's early academic skills. Topics featured in this book include: Latino and Black parental resources, investments, and beliefs Academic socialization in the homes of Black and Latino preschool children Development of culturally-informed interventions to promote children's school readiness skills Family-school partnerships as a tool for improving educational opportunities. Directions for future research Academic Socialization of Young Black and Latino Children is a must-have resource for researchers, educators, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in diverse fields including education, developmental and school psychology, family studies, counseling psychology and social work, and sociology of culture.

Studying the Perception-Action System as a Model System for Understanding Development, Volume 55, the latest release in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series, includes chapters that highlight some of the most recent research in the field of development of the perception-action system, with an overarching theme of addressing how the development of the perception-action system is a useful model for understanding both typical and atypical development. Chapters in this latest release include discussions of Perception and Action, Exploration and Selection, and the Acquisition of Skills in Infancy, The Development of Object Fitting: The Dynamics of Spatial Coordination, Developmental Pathways of Change in Perceptual-Motor Learning, Timing Is Almost Everything: How Children Perceive and Act on Dynamic Affordances, Vision, Whole Body Coordinations, and the Development of Throwing, Action Errors: A Window into the Early Development of Perception-Action System, Are Different Actions Mediated by Distinct Systems of Knowledge in Infancy and Childhood?, Sensory-Motor Development as a Precursor to Cognition, and A Perception-Action Approach to Those with Developmental Coordination Disorder.

The South African curriculum has experienced many changes since 1994. There was outcomes-based education (also known as Curriculum 2005), then the Revised National Curriculum Statements, followed by the National Curriculum Statements (NCS). In January 2012, Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) were introduced to replace the NCS. All these changes have been confusing to the average teacher, with the assessment of the young learner being particularly challenging. Assessment in the Foundation Phase guides teachers and student teachers towards understanding assessment as a means for ensuring that learners have attained the necessary outcomes, and doing it effectively for optimal teaching and learning. Assessment in the Foundation Phase sets out recommended techniques and tools to assess learners' knowledge, skills, attitudes and values, and applies these to all subjects prescribed by CAPS. Its goal is to inspire teachers to prepare learners to meet the challenges of future learning through quality assessment and in so doing, support learners in gaining the capacity for lifelong learning. A chapter on e-assessment introduces a useful perspective on this burgeoning field. Assessment in the Foundation Phase is aimed at teachers and student teachers. Reda Davin was a senior lecturer and programme manager in BEd (ECD), PGCE (ECD) and Foundation Phase progammes for 31 years. She holds a DEd degree and MDiac in play therapy and is the Head of Department: Foundation Phase Teacher Training at AROS in Pretoria. She is the editor and co-author of four books on early childhood teaching. Mariana Naude is a lecturer in mathematics for undergraduate student teachers (Foundation Phase) at Aros in Pretoria She is the co-editor of various text books published by Van Schaik Publishers, including Teaching Foundation Phase mathematics: a guide for South African students and teachers and Teaching life skills in the Foundation Phase.

Psychosomatic Health is an exploration of the relationship between physical and psychological wellbeing. It draws on postmodern and narrative theory to consider the psychosomatic processes which underpin and enhance health. The text adopts a psychoanalytic stance rooted in the work of D.W. Winnicott, and reviews the work of other major psychoanalytic figures on the question of body and mind, enabling students and practitioners to engage with a variety of perspectives. Clearly written and well illustrated with examples throughout, the author makes extensive use of infant observation extracts and real-life case studies to explore the experiences of movement and touch and their meanings for the individual. As a basis for working effectively with psychosomatic disturbance, the author introduces her original concept of 'body storylines'. Case studies explain how this therapeutic approach can be used to encourage therapists to think about their relationship to their experiences, their use of physicality and their use of their bodies as 'barometers of psychological change'. This broad ranging text pulls together contemporary developments from across a range of disciplines, including psychoanalytic theory, clinical psychology, medicine, complementary medicine and philosophy, to demonstrate a better understanding of clinical practice.