This book is the result of a four-year, in-depth study using social science methodology of those refugees who came as children or youths from Central Europe to the United States during the 1930s and 1940s, fleeing persecution from the National Socialist regime. This study examines their fates in their new country, their successes and tribulations.

As Tony Blair has argued "Technology has revolutionised the way we work and is now set to transform education. Children cannot be effective in tomorrow's world if they are trained in yesterday's skills."
Cyberkids draws together research in the sociology of childhood and social studies of technology to explore children's experiences in the Information Age. The book addresses key policy debates about social inclusion and exclusion, children's identities and friendships in on-line and off-line worlds and their relationships with families and teachers. It counters contemporary moral panics about children's risk from dangerous strangers on-line, about corruption and lost innocence from adult-centred material on the web and about the addiction to life on the screen. Instead, by showing how children use ICT in balanced and sophisticated ways, the book draws out the importance of everyday uses of technology and the ways in which children's local experiences are embedded within, and in part, constitute the global.

To date, knowledge of the everyday world of the juvenile correction institution has been extremely sparse. Compassionate Confinement brings to light the challenges and complexities inherent in the U.S. system of juvenile corrections. Building on over a year of field work at a boys' residential facility, Laura S. Abrams and Ben Anderson-Nathe provide a context for contemporary institutions and highlight some of the system's most troubling tensions. This ethnographic text utilizes narratives, observations, and case examples to illustrate the strain between treatment and correctional paradigms and the mixed messages regarding gender identity and masculinity that the youths are expected to navigate. Within this context, the authors use the boys' stories to show various and unexpected pathways toward behavior change. While some residents clearly seized opportunities for self-transformation, others manipulated their way toward release, and faced substantial challenges when they returned home. Compassionate Confinement concludes with recommendations for rehabilitating this notoriously troubled system in light of the experiences of its most vulnerable stakeholders.

What kinds of obligations do parents have towards their children as family life becomes more complex? Many children pass through a number of different households,living with one or both parents and later step parents and step brothers and sisters. How are the new forms of family life accommodated in the legal system? The answer is that parenthood, rather than marriage, is now emerging as the central mechanism through which moral principles are converted into legal and social obligations. This study of 250 children who do not live with both of their parents shows, however, that despite the comparative legal emptiness of marriage, the experience of living longer with both parents than is usually the case of children of cohabiting or single parents endows the child with social capital in the form of enduring involvement with the outside parent, even after divorce, and that this happens to a greater extent than for children whose parents were not married.

Contents:
1. Education of Children and Parent's Right to Control Child's Education

A. Right to Control Education Generally

ARTICLES

De Mitchell, Todd A. 'The Right to Direct the Upbringing of a Child', Parent as Sovereign and State as Educator: A Balance of Vital Interests', 6 International Journal of Education Reform pp. 368-376 (1997).

Garnett, Richard W., 'Taking Pierce Seriously: The Family, Religious Education and Harm to Children', Vol. 76 Notre Dame Law Review 109-146 (2000).

Ross, William G., 'The Contemporary Significance of Meyer and Pierce for Parental Rights Issues Involving Education', Vol. 34 Akron Law Review 177-207 (2000).

B. School Vouchers

ARTICLES

Underkuffler, Laura S., 'The Price of Vouchers for Religious Freedom', Vol. 78 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 463-478 (2001).

Lupu, Ira C., 'The Increasingly Anachronistic Case Against Scholl Vouchers', Vol. 13 Notre Dame Journal of Law Ethics and Public Policy 375-396 (1999).

2. The Constitutional Rights of Schoolchildren

A. Generally

ARTICLES

Brown, Lisa A. and Gilbert, Christopher., 'Understanding the Constitutional Rights of School Children', Vol. 34-APR Houston Lawyer 40-45 (1997).

Ryan, James E., 'The Supreme Court and Public Schools, Vol. 86 Virginia Law Review 1335-1433 (2000).

B. Corporal Punishment in Schools

ARTICLES

American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 'Policy Statement: Corporal Punishment in Schools', (June 1998).

Corporal Punishment in Schools: A Postition Paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine', Journal of Adolescent Health: 1992;13 240-246.

Imbrogno, Andre R. 'Corporal Punishment in America's Public Schools and the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A Case for Nonratification', Vol. 29 Journal of Law and Education 125-147 (2000).

Free Speech

ARTICLES

Parker, Jonathan K., 'Parents Patriage in the Marketplace of Ideas: Limitations of Freedom of Expression in the Public Schools', Proteus: A Journal of Ideas, 1997, pp. 39-41.
Johnson, John W., 'Behind the Scenes in Iowa's Greatest Case: What Isn't in the Official Record of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District', Vol. 48 drake Law Review 473-490 (2000).

Hafen, Bruce C., 'Schools as Intellectual And Moral Associations' 1993 Brigham Young University Law Review 605-621 (1993).

Ingber, Stanley, 'Liberty and Authority: Two facets of the Incultation of Virtue', Vol. 69 St. John's Law Review 421-479 (1995).

Allred, Chad. 'Guarding the Treasure: Protection of Student Religious Speech in the Classroom', Vol.22 Seattle University Law Review 741-780 (1999).

D. Minor's Right to Be Free From Unreasonable Searches And Seizure

ARTICLES

Mitchell, J. Chad, Comment, 'An Alternative Approach to the Fourth Amendment in Public Schools: Balancing Students' Rights with School Safety', B.Y.U. Law Review 1207-1240 (1998).

E. Minor's Rights to Procedual Due Process Prior to Suspension from School

ARTICLES

Wilkinson, III, Hon. J. Harvie, 'Constitutionalization of School Discipline: an Unnecessary and Counter-Productive Solution', Vol. 1 Michigan Law and Policy Review 309-313 (1996).

Strossen, Nadine. 'Protecting Student Rights Promotes Educational Opportunity: A Response to Judge Wilkinson, Vol.1 Michigan Law and Policy Review 315-323 (1996).

This collection of facsimile reprints brings together essays in the field of American law relating to the controversial area of children's rights, parents' rights, and state's obligations toward children. Articles discuss the major rulings concerning an array of hotly debated issues.
Volume three explores the rights of children against the state. Areas treated include freedom of speech, the right of a minor to refuse medical treatment and a minor's right to contraception and abortion with and without parental consent, the rights of minors to separate from their legal parents, the rights of children to know their biological parents in the case of adoption, the rights of children resisting repatriation to relatives outside the United States.

Do you want to learn the world's most spoken language? This easy-to-use beginner's guide and audio app will get you speaking basic Mandarin in no time. With useful tips, practice exercises, and fascinating insights into Chinese culture, Easy Peasy Chinese teaches you how to read, write, and speak Mandarin Chinese step by step. The accompanying audio app will help you perfect your pronunciation and quickly get to grips with the Mandarin tones. Aimed at children aged 8+, but of appeal to beginners of all ages, it will teach you all the words and phrases you'll need to get by in China, so you can introduce yourself, read and write numbers, and chat about the weather, food, and interests. What's more, you can give yourself a Chinese name, haggle over shop prices, and learn all about the national culture. The book covers Pinyin, the system used to spell out Chinese characters using Roman letters, and introduces the Chinese writing system, including more than 200 of the most frequently used Chinese characters. Bold illustrations and photographs, and a compact, super-stylish design help make the process of learning fun and accessible. There is no Great Wall stopping you from learning now.

This book explores in detail the concept of homelessness by examining the dynamics of shelter living and the financial costs in comparison to the psychological costs to the children and the family. A comparison is made with housed low-income families to highlight the fact that homelessness, outside of poverty, does play a key role in the negative outcomes of homeless children and families. Psychological well-being is defined with behavioural outcomes and self-concept while family functioning is defined with parenting dimensions, family environment and social supports. Strong recommendations are made for program implementations to provide a comprehensive response to the needs of homeless families with children.

Contents:
VOLUME 1: PARENT, STATE AND CHILD - PARENTING OF CHILDREN

1. Generally

ARTICLES

Klicka, Christopher J. and Phillips, Douglas W., 'Why Parental Rights Laws are Necessary', Educational Leadership Vol. 55, Nov.1997, pp.80-83.

Woodhouse, Barbara Bennett, 'Child Abuse, The Constitution and the Legacy of Pierce v. Society of Sisters', 78 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 479-489 (2001).
2. Who is a Parent?

A. Generally

ARTICLES

Holmes, Gilbert A. 'The Tie that Binds: The Constitutional Right of Children to Maintain a Relationship with Parent-Like Individuals', Vol.53 Maryland Law Review 358-411 (1994).

B. The Unwed Parent

ARTICLES

Comment, Craig and Toni, L., 'Establishing the Biological Rights Doctrine to Protect Unwed Fathers in Contested Adoptions', Vol. 25 Florida State University Law Review 391-438 (1998).

Boccaccini, Marcus T. and Willemsen, Eleanor, 'Contested Adoption and the Liberty Interest of the Child', Vol. 10 Saint Thomas Law Review 211-227 (1998).

C. Persons Who are Parent-Like

ARTICLES

Brandon, Kristin J., Note, 'The Liberty Interests of Foster Parents and the Future of Foster Care', Vol.63 University of Cincinnati Law Review 403-437 (1994).

Haury, Cassandra S., Note, The Changing American Family: A Reevaluation of the Rights of Foster Parents When Biological Rights Have Been Terminated', Vol. 35 Georgia Law Review 313-344 (2000).

The State's 'Right' to Intervene in the Parent-Child relationship to Protect a Child from Harm

A. Custody and Adoption of Children

CASES

Palmore v Sidoti, 466 US 429-434 (1984)

Santosky v Kramer, 455 US 745-791 (1982)

ARTICLES

O'Brien, Raymond C., 'An Analysis of Realistic Due Process Rights of Children Versus Parents', Vol. 26 Connecticut Law Review 1209-1260 (1994).

B. Corporal Punishment of Children by Parents or Guardians

ARTICLES

Bitensky, Susan H., 'The Child's Right to Humane Discipline under the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: The Mandate Against All Corporal Punishment of Children', Vol.4 Loyola Poverty Law Journal 47-53 (1998).

Garner, Richard, 'Fundamentally Speaking: Application of Ohio's Domestic Violence Laws in Parental Discipline Cases - A Parental Perspective', Vol. 30 Toledo Law Review 1-29 (1998)

Orentlicher, David. 'Spanking and Other Corporal Punishment of Children by Parents: Overvaluing Pain, Undervaluing Children', Vol. 35 Houston Law Review 147-185 (1998).

C. Parent's of Medical Treatment for Children

ARTICLES

Wadlington, Walter., 'Medical Decision Making for and by Children: Tensions Between Parent, State and Child', 1994 University of Illinois Law review 311-336 (1994).

Lederman, Anne D., Understanding Faith: When Religious Parents Decline Conventional Medical Treatment for Their Children', Vol. 45 Case Western Law Review 891-926 (1995).

Dwyer, James G., 'Spiritual Treatment Exemptions to Child Medical Neglect Laws: What We Outsiders Should Think', Vol. 76 Notre Dame Law Review 147-177 (2000).

State's Obligation to Protect Children from Harm

ARTICLES

Armacost, Barbara E., 'Affirmative Duties, Systematic Harms and the Due Process Clause', Vol. 94 Michigan Law Review 982-1040 (1996).

Schriwer, Tania., Comment, 'Establishing an Affirmative Governmental Duty to Protect Children's Rights: The European Court of Human Rights as a Model for the United States Supreme Court', Vol. 34 University of San Francisco Law Review 379-408 (2000).

5. Third-party Visitation with Children
ARTICLES

Woodhouse, Barbara Bennett., 'Protecting Children's Relationships with Extended Family: The Impact of Troxel v. Granville', Vol.19, No. 5 ABA Child Law Practice 65, 70-71 (July 2000).

Weiss, Elizabeth., Comment, 'Nonparent Visitation Rights v. Family Autonomy: An Abridgement of Parents' Constitutional Rights?', Vol. 10 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal 1085-1131 (2000)

Strawman, Erica L., 'Grandparent Visitation: The Best Interests of the Grandparent, Child and Society', Vol. 30 University of Toledo Law Review 31-47 (1998)

VOLUME 2: PARENT STATE AND CHILD - THE SCHOOLING OF CHILDREN

1. Education of Children and Parent's Right to Control Child's Education

A. Right to Control Education Generally

ARTICLES

De Mitchell, Todd A. 'The Right to Direct the Upbringing of a Child', Parent as Sovereign and State as Educator: A Balance of Vital Interests', 6 International Journal of Education Reform pp. 368-376 (1997).

Garnett, Richard W., 'Taking Pierce Seriously: The Family, Religious Education and Harm to Children', Vol. 76 Notre Dame Law Review 109-146 (2000).

Ross, William G., 'The Contemporary Significance of Meyer and Pierce for Parental Rights Issues Involving Education', Vol. 34 Akron Law Review 177-207 (2000).

B. School Vouchers

ARTICLES

Underkuffler, Laura S., 'The Price of Vouchers for Religious Freedom', Vol. 78 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 463-478 (2001).

Lupu, Ira C., 'The Increasingly Anachronistic Case Against Scholl Vouchers', Vol. 13 Notre Dame Journal of Law Ethics and Public Policy 375-396 (1999).

2. The Constitutional Rights of Schoolchildren

A. Generally

ARTICLES

Brown, Lisa A. and Gilbert, Christopher., 'Understanding the Constitutional Rights of School Children', Vol. 34-APR Houston Lawyer 40-45 (1997).

Ryan, James E., 'The Supreme Court and Public Schools, Vol. 86 Virginia Law Review 1335-1433 (2000).

B. Corporal Punishment in Schools

ARTICLES

American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 'Policy Statement: Corporal Punishment in Schools', (June 1998).

Corporal Punishment in Schools: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine', Journal of Adolescent Health: 1992;13 240-246.

Imbrogno, Andre R. 'Corporal Punishment in America's Public Schools and the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: A Case for Nonratification', Vol. 29 Journal of Law and Education 125-147 (2000).

Free Speech

ARTICLES

Parker, Jonathan K., 'Parents Patriage in the Marketplace of Ideas: Limitations of Freedom of Expression in the Public Schools', Proteus: A Journal of Ideas, 1997, pp. 39-41.

Johnson, John W., 'Behind the Scenes in Iowa's Greatest Case: What Isn't in the Official Record of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District', Vol. 48 drake Law Review 473-490 (2000).

Hafen, Bruce C., 'Schools as Intellectual And Moral Associations' 1993 Brigham Young University Law Review 605-621 (1993).

Ingber, Stanley, 'Liberty and Authority: Two facets of the Incultation of Virtue', Vol. 69 St. John's Law Review 421-479 (1995).

Allred, Chad. 'Guarding the Treasure: Protection of Student Religious Speech in the Classroom', Vol.22 Seattle University Law Review 741-780 (1999).

D. Minor's Right to Be Free From Unreasonable Searches And Seizure

ARTICLES

Mitchell, J. Chad, Comment, 'An Alternative Approach to the Fourth Amendment in Public Schools: Balancing Students' Rights with School Safety', B.Y.U. Law Review 1207-1240 (1998).

E. Minor's Rights to Procedural Due Process Prior to Suspension from School

ARTICLES

Wilkinson, III, Hon. J. Harvie, 'Constitutionalization of School Discipline: an Unnecessary and Counter-Productive Solution', Vol. 1 Michigan Law and Policy Review 309-313 (1996).

Strossen, Nadine. 'Protecting Student Rights Promotes Educational Opportunity: A Response to Judge Wilkinson, Vol.1 Michigan Law and Policy Review 315-323 (1996).

VOLUME 3: CHILD VERSUS STATE

1. Generally

ARTICLES

Geimer, William S. 'Juvenileness: A Single Edged Constitutional Sword', Vol. 22 Georgia Law Review 949-973 (1988).

2. Minor's Medical Rights

A. Generally

ARTICLES

Hanisco, Christine, Note, 'Acknowledging the Hypocrisy: Granting Minors the Right to Choose Their Medical Treatment', Vol. 16 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 899-932 (2000).

B. Minor's Right to Contraception

CASES

Carey v. Population Services International, 431 US 678-719 (1977).

Minor's Right to Abortion

ARTICLES

Puzella, Carolyn., 'Rights of Children: Abortion Rights of Minors, Parental Consent and Parental Notification', Vol. 11 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 642-645 (2000).

Collett, Teresa Stanton. 'Seeking Solomon's Wisdom: Judicial Bypass of Parental Involvement in a Minor's Abortion Decision', Vol. 52 Baylor Law Review 513-601 (2000).

Katz, Katheryn D., 'The Pregnant Child's Right to Self-Determination', Vol.62 Albany Law Review 1119-1166 (1999).

3. Juvenile Curfews

ARTICLES

Norton, Diedre E., 'Why Criminalize Children? Looking Beyond the Express Policies Driving Juvenile Curfew Legislation', Vol.4 New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy 175-203 (2000/2001).

Hammens, Craig. and Bennett, Katherine., 'Out in the Street: Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Curfews and the Constitution', 34 Gonzaga Law Review 267-327 (1998/1999).

Sasse, Benjamin C., Note, 'Curfew Laws, Freedom of Movement and the Rights of Juveniles', Vol.50 Case Western Reserve Law Review 681-728 (2000).

Foreman, William L., Note, 'Constitutional Law: Hutchins v. District of Columbia: The Constitutional Dilemma Over Juvenile Curfews, 53 Oklahoma Law Review 717-735 (2000).

From recent sex abuse scandals in the Roman Catholic Church, to arguments about faith schools and religious indoctrination, this volume considers the interconnection between the actual lives of children and the position of children as placeholders for the future. Childhood has often been a particular site of struggle for negotiating the location of religion in public and everyday social life, and children's involvement and non-involvement in religion raises strong feelings because they represent the future of religious and secular communities, even of society itself. The Bloomsbury Reader in Religion and Childhood provides a rich resource for students and scholars of this interdisciplinary field, and addresses wider questions about the distinctiveness of childhood and its religious dimensions in historical and contemporary perspective. Divided into five thematic parts, the volume provides classic, contemporary, and specially commissioned readings from a range of perspectives, including the sociological, anthropological, historical, and theological. Case studies range from Augustine's description of childhood in Confessions, the psychology of religion and childhood, to religion in children's literature, religious education, and Qur'anic schools. - Religious traditions covered include Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism, in the UK and Europe, USA, Latin America and Africa - An introduction situates each thematic part, and each reading is contextualised by the editors - Guidance on further reading and study questions are provided on the book's webpage

This collection of facsimile reprints brings together essays in the field of American law relating to the controversial area of children's rights, parents' rights, and state's obligations toward children. Articles discuss the major rulings concerning an array of hotly debated issues.
Volume one focuses on the obligations of the state to insure the protection of children and to intervene on behalf of a child. Issues include the rights of parents to educate children, to retain custody of children and to inflict corporal and noncorporal punishment on children. This volume also covers the state's lack of obligation to intervene in the private sphere of the family, i.e. the right of the state to remain neutral in cases of abuse, threat, or in cases where decisions made by the head of a household might appear to compromise the welfare or best interests of a child.

Tavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1957 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.

Small Comrades is a fascinating examination of Soviet conceptions of childhood and the resulting policies directed toward young children. This book offers some tentative answers to the questions, 'What did children make of the Revolution?' and 'What did the Revolution make of them?' This project emphasises young children as the subjects of policies and politics in their own right. It draws on work that has been done on Soviet schooling, and focuses specifically on the development of curricula and institutions, it also examines the wider context of the relationship between the family and the state, and to the Bolshevik vision of the 'children of October.'

eBook available with sample pages: PB:0815339453

Mobile Childhoods in Filipino Transnational Families focuses on the lived experiences of '1.5-generation' migrants with similar 'roots' (the Philippines), traversing different 'routes' (receiving countries). By shedding light on the diversified paths of their migratory lives, it revisits the relationships between mobility, sociality and identity.

This book introduces current theories and research on disability, and builds on the premise that disability has to be understood from the dialectical dynamics of biology, psychology, and culture over time. Based on the newest empirical research on children with disabilities, the book overcomes the limitations of the medical and social models of disability by arguing for a dialectical biopsychosocial model. The proposed model builds on Vygotsky's cultural-historical ideas of developmental incongruence, implying that the disability emerges from the misfit between individual abilities and the cultural-historical activity settings in which the child with impairments participates. The book is a theoretical contribution to an updated understanding of disability from a psychological and educational perspective. It focuses on the first years of the life of the child with impairment, and travels through infancy, toddler, preschool and early school age, to track the developmental trajectories of disability through the dialectical processes of cultural, social, individual, and biological processes. It discusses a number of themes that are relevant for the early development and support for children with various types and degrees of disability through the lens of Vygotsky's cultural-historical developmental theories. Some of the themes discussed are inclusion, mental health, communication, aids and family life.

This book constitutes a clear, comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to the basic principles of psychological and educational assessment that underlie effective clinical decisions about childhood language disorders. Rebecca McCauley describes specific commonly used tools, as well as general approaches ranging from traditional standardized norm-referenced testing to more recent ones, such as dynamic and qualitative assessment. Highlighting special considerations in testing and expected patterns of performance, she reviews the challenges presented by children with a variety of problems--specific language impairment, hearing loss, mental retardation, and autism spectrum disorders. Three extended case examples illustrate her discussion of each of these target groups. Her overarching theme is the crucial role of well-formed questions as fundamental guides to decision making, independent of approach.
Each chapter features lists of key concepts and terms, study questions, and recommended readings. Tables throughout offer succinct summaries and aids to memory.
Students, their instructors, and speech-language pathologists continuing their professional education will all welcome this invaluable new resource.
Distinctive features include:
* a comprehensive consideration of both psychometric and descriptive approaches to the characterization of children's language;
* a detailed discussion of background issues important in the language assessment of the "major" groups of children with language impairment;
* timely information on assessment of change--a topic frequently not covered in other texts;
* extensive guidance on how to evaluate individualnorm-referenced measures for adoption;
* an extensive appendix listing about 50 measures used to assess language in children; and
* a test review guide that can be reproduced for use by readers.

This pioneering monograph integrates the major research findings of the past four decades and offers a new model for the study of human sexuality. The author examines the empirical literature on sexuality for the developmental stages of childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood and for experiences of sexual aggression. He then uses symbolic interactionism to develop a theoretical model which integrates the research across the developmental periods and for instances of sexual aggression, providing one of the most comprehensive views of sexuality development that has yet been offered.
The work investigates the role of family, peers, romantic partners, and personality in the development of sexual expression and offers a unique vision of how symbolic interactionism can inform one's understanding of sexual beliefs and behaviors through the developmental stages. By acknowledging developmental differences and changes in individuals and their interpersonal relationship context, a more integrated understanding emerges of how sexuality develops.
This volume is intended for students and scholars interested in the influences on the development of sexual expression of youth and young adults. It will be of great interest to readers in psychology, family studies, communication, sociology, adolescent studies, and specialized areas of sexuality research. It is appropriate for undergraduate seminars and graduate-level courses on human sexuality, close relationships, family theory, sociology, communication, social psychology, developmental psychology, and related areas.

The 20th century shows an essential change in young people's behaviour from Wandervogel, Boy Scouts and Komsomol to student rebellion, hippie, rock and pop, and techno cultures. These cultures show a new code of behaviour - a code of informality based on principles of symmetry, moratorium and modularity. The informal youth cultures develop as an attempt to respond to rapid social change and complexity by constructing an open order that can flexibly adjust to postmodern chaotic conditions. Based on empirical analyses of classical youth movements as harbingers of the code of informality, and of the recent example of Israeli youth movements, this study uses the above conceptual framework to explain the variety of youth behaviour in authentic rather than generational or conflictual terms. It sheds new light on youth movements and more recent expressions of youth in the same universe of informal youth structures. These informal structures institutionalize both youth authenticity and relation to adult society, constructing a context in which freedom and discipline coexist.

Traditional models of childhood need reconstructing, especially as children become more active in negotiating the boundaries between themselves and adults. Wyness argues for new, more effective conceptions of childhood, derived from analysis of recent social policy. He interprets legislation and reveals that recent children acts and educational reform exhibit a strengthening of the socialising power of adults over children. Most importantly, this book challenges a prevalent underlying conception of children as 'lesser' or 'inferior' versions of adults, a flawed understanding that still influences policy.

This collection brings together studies and essays which represent the best work being done in the area of qualitative research in early childhood settings. The research spans the full range of early childhood settings from infant-toddler and home day care programs to primary classrooms.

The volume is designed to appeal to scholars doing early childhood research and to graduate students and their instructors in general early childhood research courses, specialized early childhood qualitative research courses, and general qualitative research courses. Experienced scholars doing qualitative work related to early childhood will see the book as essential because, for the first time, a comprehensive treatment of this emerging area of inquiry is provided. Less-seasoned researchers will find the collection useful in providing fundamental knowledge and concrete examples to guide their scholarly development.

The opening of the borders to Eastern Europe has expanded our view on European diversities and offered new opportunities to examine the effects of the heterogeneity in European cultural backgrounds and political systems on personality and social development. This book is a first step in utilizing the rich cultural resource offered by the large number of cultural units represented in Europe and--at least in part--in the United States.
One way to understand the life conditions of adolescents in different countries is to study what they actually do in everyday life and how much time they spend on what types of activities. This book also provides essential and new information about individual and societal priorities and values. Toward this end, the "Euronet" scientists set up a postdoctoral training workshop on adolescent psychology for 10 selected American and 10 selected European participants.
The Euronet project comprises 13 different samples--six stemming from Middle and Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, the Czechoslovakian Federal Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia, and Romania), six from Western European countries (Finland, France, Germany, Norway, French, and German Switzerland), and one from the United States (Michigan). This book reports the results of this large, cross-national, longitudinal study of adolescents and the world(s) in which they live, and is offered to all those who have an interest in adolescence and/or the diversity of Europe. Readers will learn about hundreds of features of adolescence which are more or less characteristic of the cultures, ages, and genders.

Language acquisition is a human endeavor par excellence. As children, all human beings learn to understand and speak at least one language: their mother tongue. It is a process that seems to take place without any obvious effort. Second language learning, particularly among adults, causes more difficulty. The purpose of this series is to compile a collection of high-quality monographs on language acquisition. The series serves the needs of everyone who wants to know more about the problem of language acquisition in general and/or about language acquisition in specific contexts.

The problems of studying families arise from the difficulty in studying systems where there are multiple elements interacting with each other and with the child. How should this system be described? Still other problems relate to indirect effects; namely the influence of a particular dyad's interaction on the child when the child is not a member of the dyad. While all agree that the mother-father relationship has important bearing on the child's development, exactly how to study this--especially using observational techniques--remains a problem. While progress in studying the family has been slow, there is no question that an increase in interest in the family systems, as opposed to the mother-child relationship, is taking place. This has resulted in an increase in research on families and their effects.
This volume, by leading figures in child development on families, attests to the growing sophistication of the conceptualization and measurement techniques for getting at family processes. The third in a series that aims to address topics relevant to the developmental problems and developmental disabilities of retardation, this volume is divided into two parts. Section 1 presents basic family processes and approaches for describing family dynamics. It deals with these issues from a broad perspective, including studying families at dinner, families in different cultural contexts, and the understanding of family in nonhuman primates. Section 2 looks at family processes in the service of studying families at-risk. The risk factors include poverty, malnutrition, and developmental delay and retardation. The study of family processes in these contexts provides data on family dynamics as well as how these dynamics impact on the children's developing competence. This volume will be informative for researchers, clinicians, and educators from a variety of disciplines and settings. The editors' aim is to bring a greater clarity to issues concerning the family life of children and highlight new research and possibilities for intervention.

In the half-century after 1913, approximately 5000 children were sent from Britain to Australia, Canada, and Rhodesia under the auspices of the Child Emigration Society, established by the South-African born Kingsley Fairbridge in 1909. The Fairbridge Society's child emigration scheme became the best known and most celebrated of the 20th-century juvenile migration schemes from Britain to the Imperial Dominions. This study investigates the motives for the establishment of the Fairbridge child migration scheme, examines its history in Australia and Canada, and outlines the experiences of many of the former child migrants. The book is based on material from Australia and Canada as well as archives of the Fairbridge Society in England, Western Australia and New South Wales, plus surviving records of the Society in British Columbia, and on interviews with former Fairbridge children. It aims to place the Fairbridge scheme in its historical context, and uses oral history, interviews and photographs.