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Books > Science & Mathematics > Physics > States of matter > Condensed matter physics (liquids & solids)
Foams are ubiquitous in our daily lives. Their presence is highly
desirable in certain foods, drinks and cosmetics, and they are
essential in oil recovery and mineral extraction. In some
industrial processes (such as the manufacture of glass, paper and
wine) foams are an unwelcome by-product. Why do they appear? What
controls the rate at which they disappear? Do they flow in the same
way as ordinary liquids? All of these questions and more are
addressed here, incorporating significant recent contributions to
the field of foams. This book is the first to provide a thorough
description of all aspects of the physico-chemical properties of
foams. It sets out what is known about their structure, their
stability, and their rheology. Engineers, researchers and students
will find descriptions of all the key concepts, illustrated by
numerous applications, as well as experiments and exercises for the
reader. A solutions manual for lecturers is available via the
publisher's web site.
An informal and highly accessible writing style, a simple treatment
of mathematics, and clear guide to applications have made this book
a classic text in electrical and electronic engineering. Students
will find it both readable and comprehensive. The fundamental ideas
relevant to the understanding of the electrical properties of
materials are emphasized; in addition, topics are selected in order
to explain the operation of devices having applications (or
possible future applications) in engineering. The mathematics, kept
deliberately to a minimum, is well within the grasp of a
second-year student. This is achieved by choosing the simplest
model that can display the essential properties of a phenomenom,
and then examining the difference between the ideal and the actual
behaviour. The whole text is designed as an undergraduate course.
However most individual sections are self contained and can be used
as background reading in graduate courses, and for interested
persons who want to explore advances in microelectronics, lasers,
nanotechnology, and several other topics that impinge on modern
life.
This book is dedicated to Professor Leonid V Keldysh. His brilliant
contributions to condensed matter physics include the Franz-Keldysh
effect, an electron-hole liquid, the nonequilibrium (Keldysh)
diagram technique, Bose-Einstein condensation (of excitons) and a
metal-dielectric'' transition, acoustically-induced superlattices,
multi-photon transitions and impact ionization in solids. In many
respects, his work influenced and formed the paradigm of modern
condensed matter physics. As a result, many famous researchers in
the field have enthusiastically provided unique contributions to
the book.
Well-structured and adopting a pedagogical approach, this
self-contained monograph covers the fundamentals of scanning probe
microscopy, showing how to use the techniques for investigating
physical and chemical properties on the nanoscale and how they can
be used for a wide range of soft materials. It concludes with a
section on the latest techniques in nanomanipulation and
patterning. This first book to focus on the applications is a
must-have for both newcomers and established researchers using
scanning probe microscopy in soft matter research. From the
contents: * Atomic Force Microscopy and Other Advanced Imaging
Modes * Probing of Mechanical, Thermal Chemical and Electrical
Properties * Amorphous, Poorly Ordered and Organized Polymeric
Materials * Langmuir-Blodgett and Layer-by-Layer Structures *
Multi-Component Polymer Systems and Fibers * Colloids and
Microcapsules * Biomaterials and Biological Structures *
Nanolithography with Intrusive AFM Tipand Dip-Pen Nanolithography *
Microcantilever-Based Sensors
This book employs nonequilibrium quantum transport, based on the
use of mixed Hilbert space representations and real time quantum
superfield transport theory, to explain various topological phases
of systems with entangled chiral degrees of freedom. It presents an
entirely new perspective on topological systems,
entanglement-induced localization and delocalization, integer
quantum Hall effect (IQHE), fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE),
and its respective spectral zones in the Hofstadter butterfly
spectrum. A simple and powerful, intuitive, and wide-ranging
perspective on chiral transport dynamics.
This book, edited by M. A. Ramos and contributed by several reputed
physicists in the field, presents a timely review on
low-temperature thermal and vibrational properties of glasses, and
of disordered solids in general. In 1971, the seminal work of
Zeller and Pohl was published, which triggered this relevant
research field in condensed matter physics. Hence, this book also
commemorates about 50 years of that highlight with a comprehensive,
updated review.In brief, glasses (firstly genuine amorphous solids
but later on followed by different disordered crystals) were found
to universally exhibit low-temperature properties (specific heat,
thermal conductivity, acoustic and dielectric attenuation, etc.)
unexpectedly very similar among them - and very different from
those of their crystalline counterparts.These universal 'anomalies'
of glasses and other disordered solids remain very controversial
topics in condensed matter physics. They have been addressed
exhaustively in this book, through many updated experimental data,
a survey of most relevant models and theories, as well as by
computational simulations.
This book is devoted to superconductivity, which is one of the most
interesting problems in physics. In accordance with the outline of
the book, it treats the key problems in the field of
superconductivity, in particular, it discusses the mechanism(s) of
superconductivity. This book is useful for researchers and graduate
students in the fields of solid state physics, quantum field
theory, and many-body theory.
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