For the past two decades, scientists have urged us to abandon fossil fuels as rapidly as possible and pursue a range of other environmental reforms to avert the many crises climate change will bring. The reforms have not occurred at the expected rate, and their absence raises questions about when they might occur. In Shocks, States, and Sustainability, Thomas K. Rudel addresses this question. He outlines a theory of environmental revolutions and when they will likely occur through a comparison of radical environmental reforms throughout the 20th century. By looking at farmers in the American Dust Bowl, land-use planners in post-war England, small farmers in post-Soviet Cuba, and lobster fishers along the coast of Maine, Rudel emphasizes how sudden focusing events can spur radical reforms by providing a fresh realization about the scarcity of natural resources. Shocks, States, and Sustainability explains how earth-shaking events like droughts, depressions, and wars can provide the foundations necessary for the pursuit of global sustainability.

It's one of the big questions of our time: Are there too many people in the world? Or too few? Whichever way, how would we decide? Here, economist Steven E. Landsburg, acclaimed author of The Armchair Economist and Can You Outsmart an Economist?, assesses the benefits - and the drawbacks - of having a bigger global population. The People Paradox is based on the transcript of his fascinating 2017 IEA Hayek Memorial Lecture, in which Landsburg details how the growth in the world population has brought immense improvements to our quality of life. He contends the planet still has plenty of room - and addresses continued calls for population control. Landsburg, professor of economics at the University of Rochester in Rochester, New York, draws on everything from modern history to everyday life (including the contents of his sock drawer!) to mount a thought-provoking, powerful - and often humorous - argument for continued population growth. With a commentary by Dr Stephen Davies, Head of Education at the Institute of Economic Affairs in London.

Despite the rise of global technocratic ideals of city-making, cities around the world are not merging into indistinguishable duplicates of one another. In fact, as the world urbanizes, urban formations remain diverse in their socioeconomic and spatial characteristics, with varying potential to foster economic development and social justice. In this book, Tom Goodfellow argues that these differences are primarily rooted in politics, and if we continue to view cities as economic and technological projects to be managed rather than terrains of political bargaining and contestation, the quest for better urban futures is doomed to fail. Dominant critical approaches to urban development tend to explain difference with reference to the variegated impacts of neoliberal regulatory institutions. This, however, neglects the multiple ways in which the wider politics of capital accumulation and distribution drive divergent forms of transformation in different urban places. In order to unpack the politics that shapes differential urban development, this book focuses on East Africa as the global urban frontier: the least urbanized but fastest urbanizing region in the world. Drawing on a decade of research spanning three case study countries (Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Uganda), Politics and the Urban Frontier provides the first sustained, book-length comparative analysis of urban development trajectories in Eastern Africa and the political dynamics that underpin them. Through a focus on infrastructure investment, urban propertyscapes, street-level trading economies, and urban political protest, it offers a multi-scalar, historically-grounded, and interdisciplinary analysis of the urban transformations unfolding in the world's most dynamic crucible of urban change.

China and Taiwan have built one of the most intertwined and important economic relationships in the world, and yet that relationship is not mutually open, compliant with World Trade Organization norms, or even fully institutionalized. What's more, despite massive trade and investment flows, the boundary between the two is a serious flashpoint for potential conflict. But leaders in Beijing and Taipei have committed to normalize and deepen their economic intercourse and open a new post-Cold War era in their relationship. While the political significance of this gambit has captured attention worldwide, the scope of opening intended and the bilateral, regional, and global effects likely to ensue are as yet poorly understood. This volume attempts to remedy that uncertainty with careful modeling combined with a qualitative assessment of the implications of the cross-strait economic opening now agreed in an Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA). The study explores the implications for Taiwan and China, for their neighbors, and for the United States if this undertaking is fully implemented by 2020.

Global urbanization promises better services, stronger economies, and more connections; it also carries risks and unforeseeable consequences. To deepen our understanding of this complex process and its importance for global sustainability, we need to build interdisciplinary knowledge around a systems approach. Urban Planet takes an integrative look at our urban environment, bringing together scholars from a diverse range of disciplines: from sociology and political science to evolutionary biology, geography, economics and engineering. It includes the perspectives of often neglected voices: architects, journalists, artists and activists. The book provides a much needed cross-scale perspective, connecting challenges and solutions on a local scale with drivers and policy frameworks on a regional and global scale. The authors argue that to overcome the major challenges we are facing, we must embark on a large-scale reinvention of how we live together, grounded in inclusiveness and sustainability. This title is also available Open Access.

Amrei Biedermann und Anna-Lena Ripperger untersuchen das Phanomen Urban Gardening unter Bezugnahme auf relevante Konzepte der Kritischen Stadtgeographie. Davon ausgehend diskutieren sie die widerspruchliche und ambivalente Raumproduktion in den Urban-Gardening-Projekten Frankfurter Garten und Hafengarten Offenbach. Die empirischen Ergebnisse geben uber die Fallbeispiele hinaus einen Einblick in aktuelle Stadtentwicklungsprozesse.

It has long been an interest of researchers in economics, sociology, organization studies, and economic geography to understand how firms innovate. Most recently, this interest has begun to examine the micro-processes of work and organization that sustain social creativity, emphasizing the learning and knowing through action when social actors and technologies come together in 'communities of practice'; everyday interactions of common purpose and mutual obligation. These communities are said to spark both incremental and radical innovation. In the book, leading international scholars critically examine the concept of communities of practice and its applications in different spatial, organizational, and creative settings. Chapters examine the development of the concept, the link between situated practice and different types of creative outcome, the interface between spatial and relational proximity, and the organizational demands of learning and knowing through communities of practice. More widely, the chapters examine the compatibility between markets, knowledge capitalism, and community; seemingly in conflict with each other, but discursively not. Exploring the frontiers of current understanding of situated knowing and learning, this book is for all those interested in the economic sociology of organizational creativity and knowledge capitalism in general.

Harald Schernthanner verfolgt das Ziel, aus geoinformatischer Sicht eine konzeptionelle Grundlage zur raumlichen Optimierung von Immobilienportalen zu schaffen. Dabei geht der Autor davon aus, dass Verfahren der raumlichen Statistik und des maschinellen Lernens zur Mietpreisschatzung sich besser als die bisher eingesetzten Verfahren der hedonischen Regression zur raumlichen Optimierung von Immobilienportalen eignen. Er zeigt, dass die von Immobilienportalen publizierten webbasierten Mietpreiskarten nicht die tatsachlichen raumlichen Verhaltnisse auf Immobilienmarkten wiedergeben. Alternative webbasierte Darstellungsformen, wie beispielsweise "Gridmaps", sind dem Status quo der Immobilienpreiskarten von Immobilienportalen uberlegen und visualisieren die tatsachlichen raumlichen Verhaltnisse von Immobilienpreisen zweckmassiger.

Barbara Weig schlagt im vorliegenden Buch eine Brucke zwischen Theorie und Empirie, indem sie zunachst das Konzept der Evolutionaren Wirtschaftsgeographie kritisch diskutiert und um einen konzeptionellen Ansatz zur Analyse Regionaler Resilienz erweitert. Im zweiten Teil des Buches untersucht die Autorin am Fallbeispiel Brunsbuttel, welches Systemverhalten und welche Systemeigenschaften foerderlich und welche hinderlich fur den Aufbau von Regionaler Resilienz sind. In Zeiten von Wandel und Unsicherheit ist eine Eigenschaft komplexer Regionalsysteme von besonderer Bedeutung: die Fahigkeit, Resilienz zu entwickeln. Resilienz bedeutet flexibel auf UEberraschungen reagieren zu koennen, anpassungsfahig zu sein und sich endogen weiter zu entwickeln. Dies trifft insbesondere auf regionale Wirtschaftssysteme zu.

Das vorliegende Buch vereinigt Fallstudien zur Krisenfestigkeit in acht deutschsprachigen Regionen mit jeweils unterschiedlichen strukturellen Voraussetzungen, Anpassungsstrategien und -instrumenten, Krisenerfahrungen und wirtschaftlichen Erfolgen. Im Vergleich zu anderen europaischen Landern wird die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in den deutschsprachigen Landern Deutschland, OEsterreich und Schweiz wahrend des vergangenen Jahrzehnts positiv beurteilt. Beschaftigung und Exporte stiegen an, und das Wirtschaftswachstum sank lediglich relativ kurzfristig im unmittelbaren weltweiten Wirtschaftskrisenjahr 2009. Die Fallstudien basieren auf Experteninterviews in den jeweiligen Regionen und auf nationaler und europaischer Ebene sowie zwei Workshops mit Praktikern aus untersuchten Regionen in Baden-Wurttemberg und Sachsen. Zielgruppen fur das Buch sind zum einen Praktiker in Landesregierungen, regionalen und lokalen Wirtschaftsfoerderungen, Kammern und Verbanden und zum anderen regionalwissenschaftliche Forscher.

This is a sociological analysis of change and mobility in the labor force of thirteen of the largest textile factories in Peru. The book explores demographic and social variables such as age, sex, birthplace, migration, seniority, current and former occupations, and employment status as possible indices of rationality in the Peruvian labor market. There are two especially striking empirical findings: the Peruvian textile industry has not been plagued by the high levels of labor turnover generally assumed to be inevitable in underdeveloped countries; since 1955 women are being shut out of better-paying manufacturing jobs because of welfare laws that make them more expensive to employ than men. Originally published in 1967. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Using examples from modem writers the author examines the impact of death using the concepts of grace, violence and self. Originally published in 1954. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Stephen Innes studies the relationship between work, land, and community in seventeenth-century Springfield, Massachusetts. Using analytical concepts drawn from anthropology--dependence, mediation, and clientage--he shows that the town was a highly commercialized, developmental community contrasting sharply with the communal, quietistic models that currently form our image of early New England. Originally published in 1983. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Michael Bar untersucht Strukturen von Containerseehafen im Ostseeraum, denn Containerterminals sind wichtige Schnittstellen bei der raumlichen Ausdehnung weltweit organisierter Transportlogistikablaufe. Der Autor nimmt eine Analyse zur logistischen Integration von Containerterminals des Schifffahrtsgebiets Ostseeraum als Schnittstellen in internationalen Transportlogistikablaufen vor und zieht dabei Ansatze zur Erklarung globaler Wertschoepfungs- und Warenketten heran. Das verbindende Element ergibt sich aus der Annahme, dass kettenartige Transportablaufe mit Aussagen dieser theoretischen Erklarungsansatze unterlegt werden koennen.

Work-Life Advantage analyses how employer-provision of family-friendly working arrangements - designed to help workers better reconcile work, home and family - can also enhance firms capacities for learning and innovation, in pursuit of long-term competitive advantage and socially inclusive growth. * Brings together major debates in labour geography, feminist geography, and regional learning in novel ways, through a focus on the shifting boundaries between work, home, and family * Addresses a major gap in the scholarly research surrounding the narrow business case for work-life balance by developing a more socially progressive, workerist dual agenda * Challenges and disrupts masculinist assumptions of the ideal worker and the associated labour market marginalization of workers with significant home and family commitments * Based on 10 years of research with over 300 IT workers and 150 IT firms in the UK and Ireland, with important insights for professional workers and knowledge-intensive companies around the world

Provides a comprehensive overview of the dynamics of contemporary natural resource based livelihoods in the marginal, drought-prone Kalahari environment of southern Africa where access to land and natural resources reflects the outcome of a long history of competition, conflict, and territorial appropriation in which sustainable livelihoods are compromised by the commercial demands of the global economy. This book contributes to both academic and policy development debates which interface the social-environment nexus.

There are now more than three hundred city-regions around the world with populations of more than one million. As globalization intensifies, these city-regions come to pose many new questions and problems. This book presents a highly-original and multifaceted review of these issues by some of the leading researchers in the field.

How do borders affect trade? Are cultural and institutional differences important for trade? Is environmental policy relevant to trade? How does one's income or wage relate to the fact that trade partners are nearby or far away? These are just some of the important questions that can be answered using the gravity model of international trade. This model predicts and explains bilateral trade flows in terms of the economic size and distance between trading partners (e.g. states, regions, countries, trading blocs). In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in this model and it is now one of the most widely applied tools in applied international economics. This book traces the history of the gravity model and takes stock of recent methodological and theoretical advances, including new approximations for multilateral trade resistance, insightful analyses of the measurement of economic distance and analyses of foreign direct investment.

Dieses Buch beschreibt und erklart erstmals und komplex die Staatsschuldenkrise der Europaischen Wahrungsunion. Es werden die Verursachung im Vorfeld der Grundung und die vor allem makrookonomische Entwicklung der Euro Krise in ihrer inneren Logik analysiert. Auf dieser Grundlage erfolgt die Darstellung der unterschiedlichen Instrumente der EU zur Stabilisierung sowie die Ableitung der notwendigen wirtschafts-, finanz- und geldpolitischen Schritte zur Erhaltung der Europaischen Wahrungsunion."

Das steigende Guterverkehrsaufkommen in der Europaischen Union fuhrt zu Umweltbeeintrachtigungen, von denen der Alpenraum in besonderem Masse betroffen ist. Das vorliegende Werk geht der Frage nach, wie dem unter Berucksichtigung der Grundfreiheiten der Europaischen Union - insbesondere des freien Warenverkehrs - durch gezielte rechtliche Massnahmen begegnet werden kann. Zentrale Bedeutung kommt dabei den rechtlichen Bestimmungen zur Errichtung und Nutzung von Infrastrukturen fur den alpenquerenden und inneralpinen Guterverkehr zu, insbesondere der Alpenkonvention - einem volkerrechtlichen Abkommen zum Schutz und Erhalt der Alpen - und ihrem Verkehrsprotokoll, deren Vertrags- bzw. Unterzeichnerparteien die Europaische Union sowie die acht Alpenstaaten sind. Die Alpenkonvention und das Verkehrsprotokoll werden in dem Werk erstmals umfassend dargestellt und analysiert. Schliesslich zeigt die Untersuchung, welche rechtlichen Wirkungen das Verkehrsprotokoll, das die Europaische Union bisher lediglich unterzeichnet hat, im Falle seiner Ratifikation fur die Europaische Union entfalten wurde. "

Der Bericht 2004 bringt die Analysen des ersten Benchmarking-Berichts von 2001 auf den neuesten Stand. Er untersucht anhand einer breiten Zusammenstellung von Zahlen und Fakten die Entwicklung von Beschaftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland im Vergleich zu den OECD-Landern und geht der Frage nach, inwieweit konjunkturelle, in erster Linie aber institutionelle Faktoren hierauf einwirken. Konkret stellt der Bericht die wesentlichen Kennziffern aus den Bereichen Arbeitsmarkt- und Sozialpolitik, Arbeitszeit- und Arbeitsmarktregulierung, Unternehmertatigkeit, Lohn- und Tarifpolitik, Bildung sowie Innovation und Makrookonomie dar. Insbesondere zeigt er auf, inwieweit die jungsten Reformen in Deutschland zur Behebung von Schwachen im deutschen Beschaftigungssystem beigetragen haben oder entsprechende Effekte zu erwarten sind und wo weiterhin Handlungsbedarf besteht. Daruber hinaus weist er auf bewahrte Praktiken im Ausland hin, die als Anregungen in die deutsche Reformdiskussion einfliessen konnten."

European rural landscapes as we experience them today are the result of ongoing processes and interactions between nature and society. These are changing fast: the future landscapes will be different from those we know currently. Written for academics, policy-makers and practitioners, this book is the first to explore the complex histories of rural landscapes in Europe as a basis for their sound governance in future. Tensions between the needs of agricultural spaces driven by economic incentives and a variety of non-agricultural functions are explored to demonstrate current challenges and the shortfalls in the policies that address them. Using inspiring case studies that highlight the roles of regional agents and communities, the authors go further than the usual analyses to illustrate the importance of local context. Written by experts currently working to revitalise the rural landscapes of Europe, the text concludes with suggestions for improving landscape policy and planning practice.

In der Sektoruntersuchung Stromerzeugung/Stromgrosshandel halt das Bundeskartellamt an dem Konzept des sogenannten Erstabsatzmarktes fest. Die Autoren stellen die Diskrepanz zwischen dem der Marktabgrenzung zugrundeliegenden und dem tatsachlichen Marktgeschehen und die daraus resultierende Fehlerhaftigkeit der Marktabgrenzung des Amtes dar. Die im Rahmen der Sektoruntersuchung entwickelte, auf ein oekonometrisches Instrument gestutzte Rechtsfigur der Einzelmarktbeherrschung durch mehrere Unternehmen erscheint weder rechtlich noch oekonomisch tragfahig. Methodische Defizite treten hinzu. Daher ist nach Ansicht der Autoren der vom Bundeskartellamt in der Sektoruntersuchung eingeschlagene aufwendige Weg ungeeignet zur Begrundung der Marktbeherrschung elektrizitatserzeugender Unternehmen.