"Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Sustainability"is a broad-based overview describing the state-of-the-art in latent, sensible, and thermo-chemical energy storage systems and their applications across industries. Beginning with a discussion of the efficiency and conservation advantages of balancing energy demand with production, the book goes on to describe current state-of-the art technologies. Not stopping with description, the authors also discuss design, modeling, and simulation of representative systems, and end with several case studies of systems in use.
Describes how thermal energy storage helps bridge the gap between energy demand and supply, particularly for intermittent power sources like solar, wind, and tidal systemsProvides tables, illustrations, and comparative case studies that show applications of TES systems across industriesIncludes a chapter on the rapidly developing field of viable nanotechnology-based thermal energy storage systems"

Tajikistan suffers severe energy shortages in winter, caused by a combination of low hydropower output during winter, when river fl ows are low, and high demand driven by heating needs. Shortages affect some 70 percent of the population, costing about 3 percent of annual GDP. This fi gure excludes human and environmental costs, as well as the serious negative effect on the business investment climate. If no measures are undertaken to address this problem, then current electricity shortages, estimated at about one-quarter of winter demand (2,700 GWh), could increase to more than one-third of winter demand (4,500 GWh) by 2016. The Government of Tajikistan recognizes both the importance and challenges of energy security and has therefore introduced various measures to help meet demand. Tajikistan s Winter Energy Crisis explores a range of supply and demand alternatives including thermal, run-of-river hydro, other renewables, energy effi ciency, and demand management to further inform its development partners on the country s efforts to meet its winter energy demand. The study recommends that the Government of Tajikistan accelerate its efforts in energy effi ciency and demand management, including tariff reform; add new dual-fi red thermal power supply to complement the existing hydropower supply during winter; and pursue energy imports and rebuild regional energy trade routes to leverage surplus electricity supply in neighboring countries. Energy conservation and demand-side management, effective resource management, and reduction alone could address 40 percent of the shortages, including a signifi cant package of economic measures at the main aluminum smelting plant. The study suggests that by following these recommended actions shortages could be signifi cantly reduced within 4 5 years and a solid base for long-term energy established."

Scientists and engineers are nowadays faced with the problem of optimizing complex systems subject to constraints from, ecology, economics, and thermodynamics. It is chiefly to the last of these that this volume is addressed. Intended for physicists, chemists, and engineers, the book uses examples from solar, thermal, mechanical, chemical, and environmental engineering to focus on the use of thermodynamic criteria for optimizing energy conversion and transmission. The early chapters centre on solar energy conversion, the second section discusses the transfer and conversion of chemical energy, while the concluding chapters deal with geometric methods in thermodynamics.

Fuel cells are attractive electrochemical energy converters featuring potentially very high thermodynamic efficiency factors. The focus of this volume of "Advances in Chemical Engineering" is on quantitative approaches, particularly based on chemical engineering principles, to analyze, control and optimize the steady state and dynamic behavior of low and high temperature fuel cells (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC) to be applied in mobile and stationary systems.
* Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews
* Written by leading industry experts and scholars
* Reviews and analyzes developments in the field

The residential sector consumes a vast amount of energy. This situation has resulted in an increased interest by the scientific community in the subject of energy saving. In the present work, the authors examine the characteristics of some newer systems and options for energy savings in residential buildings. Sources for optimally heating buildings, energy systems distribution, thermal energy storage systems, control systems among other improvements and operations, which may help to reduce energy consumption in the residential sector, are discussed. The possibilities of use of heat pumps in technical systems, passive solar heating and water heating in domestic hot-water systems are also outlined. Special attention is paid to the problem of energy storage in energy systems.

The supply of energy from primary sources is not constant and rarely matches the pattern of demand from consumers. Electricity is also difficult to store in significant quantities. Therefore, secondary storage of energy is essential to increase generation capacity efficiency and to allow more substantial use of renewable energy sources that only provide energy intermittently. Lack of effective storage has often been cited as a major hurdle to substantial introduction of renewable energy sources into the electricity supply network. This 2nd edition, without changing the existing structure of the 1st edition, has expanded chapters that review different types of renewables and considers which of these requires storage. The book also discusses the limitation of renewables usage without storage and considers more substantial possibilities that arise from integrating a combination of different storage devices into a system. This book will appeal to university teachers and students that are specialising in power systems development, renewables and other nonconventional electrical energy sources integration in the existing power systems, its economics and environmental impact. The first part of the book will also appeal to the general public."

This book is a collection of lectures given in July 2007 at the Les Houches Summer School on "Dynamos."
Provides a pedagogical introduction to topics in Dynamos
Addresses each topic from the basis to the most recent developments
Covers the lectures by internationally-renowned and leading experts

Although, the basic concept of a fuel cell is quite simple, creating new designs and optimizing their performance takes serious work and a mastery of several technical areas. PEM Fuel Cell Modeling and Simulation Using Matlab, provides design engineers and researchers with a valuable tool for understanding and overcoming barriers to designing and building the next generation of PEM Fuel Cells. With this book, engineers can test components and verify designs in the development phase, saving both time and money.
Easy to read and understand, this book provides design and modelling tips for fuel cell components such as: modelling proton exchange structure, catalyst layers, gas diffusion, fuel distribution structures, fuel cell stacks and fuel cell plant. This book includes design advice and MATLAB and FEMLAB codes for Fuel Cell types such as: polymer electrolyte, direct methanol and solid oxide fuel cells. This book also includes types for one, two and three dimensional modeling and two-phase flow phenomena and microfluidics.
*Modeling and design validation techniques
*Covers most types of Fuel Cell including SOFC
*MATLAB and FEMLAB modelling codes
*Translates basic phenomena into mathematical equations

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Acquire an All-in-One Toolkit for Expertly Designing, Modeling, and Constructing High-Performance Fuel Cells Designing and Building Fuel Cells equips you with a hands-on guide for the design, modeling, and construction of fuel cells that perform as well or better than some of the best fuel cells on the market today. Filled with over 120 illustrations and schematics of fuel cells and components, this "one-stop" guide covers fuel cell applications...fuels and the hydrogen economy...fuel cell chemistry, thermodynamics, and electrochemistry...fuel cell modeling, materials, and system design...fuel types, delivery, and processing...fuel cell operating conditions...fuel cell characterization...and much more. Authoritative and practical, Designing and Building Fuel Cells features: Complete information on stack design The latest fuel cell modeling techniques Guidance on cutting-edge materials and components Expert accounts of fuel cell types, processing, and optimization A step-by-step example for constructing a fuel cell Inside This State-of-the-Art Fuel Cell Sourcebook Introduction * Fuel Cell Applications * Fuel Cells and the Hydrogen Economy * Basic Fuel Cell Chemistry and Thermodynamics * Fuel Cell Electrochemistry * Fuel Cell Charge Transport * Fuel Cell Mass Transport * Fuel Cell Heat Transport * Fuel Cell Modeling * Fuel Cell Materials * Fuel Cell Stack Components and Materials * Fuel Cell Stack Design * Fuel Cell System Design * Fuel Types, Delivery, and Processing * Fuel Cell Operating Conditions * Fuel Cell Characterization

This is a text book presenting the fundamentals of thermophotovoltaic(TPV) energy conversion suitable for an upper undergraduate or first year graduate course. In addition it can serve as a reference or design aid for engineers developing TPV systems. Mathematica design programs for interference filters and a planar TPV system are included on a CD-Rom disk. Each chapter includes a summary and concludes with a set of problems.
The first chapter presents the electromagnetic theory and radiation transfer theory necessary to calculate the optical properties of the components in a TPV optical cavity. Using a simplified model, Chapter 2 develops expressions for the maximum efficiency and power density for an ideal TPV system. The next three chapters consider the three major components in a TPV system; the emitter, filter and photovoltaic(PV) array. Chapter 3 applies the electromagnetic theory and radiation transfer theory presented in Chapter 1 in the calculation of spectral emittance. From the spectral emittance the emitter efficiency is calculated. Chapter 4 discusses interference, plasma and resonant array filters plus an interference filter with an imbedded metallic layer, a combined interference-plasma filter and spectral control using a back surface reflector(BSR) on the PV array. The theory necessary to calculate the optical properties of these filters is presented. Chapter 5 presents the fundamentals of semiconductor PV cells. Using transport equations calculation of the current-voltage relation for a PV cell is carried out. Quantum efficiency, spectral response and the electrical equivalent circuit for a PV cell are introduced so that the PV cell efficiency and power output can be calculated.
The final three chapters of the book consider the combination of the emitter, filter and PV array that make up the optical cavity of a TPV system. Chapter 6 applies radiation transfer theory to calculate the cavity efficiency of planar and cylindrical optical cavities. Also introduced in Chapter 6 are the overall TPV efficiency, thermal efficiency and PV efficiency. Leakage of radiation out of the optical cavity results in a significant loss in TPV efficiency. Chapter 7 considers that topic. The final chapter presents a model for a planar TPV system.
Six appendices present background information necessary to carry out theoretical developments in the text. Two of the appendices include Mathematica programs for the spectral optical properties of multi-layer interference filters and a planar TPV system. These programs are contained on a CD-Rom disk included with the book.
. First text written on thermophotovoltaic(TPV) energy conversion
. Includes all the necessary theory to calculate TPV system performance
. Author has been doing TPV energy conversion research since 1980's
. Emphasizes the fundamentals of TPV energy conversion
. Includes a summary and problem set at the end of each chapter
. Mathematica programs for calculating optical properties of interference filters and planar TPV system performance included on CD-Rom"

Designed to complement a range of power electronics study resources, this unique lab manual helps students to gain a deep understanding of the operation, modeling, analysis, design, and performance of pulse-width modulated (PWM) DC-DC power converters. Exercises focus on three essential areas of power electronics: open-loop power stages; small-signal modeling, design of feedback loops and PWM DC-DC converter control schemes; and semiconductor devices such as silicon, silicon carbide and gallium nitride. Meeting the standards required by industrial employers, the lab manual combines programming language with a simulation tool designed for proficiency in the theoretical and practical concepts. Students and instructors can choose from an extensive list of topics involving simulations on MATLAB, SABER, or SPICE-based platforms, enabling readers to gain the most out of the prelab, inlab, and postlab activities. The laboratory exercises have been taught and continuously improved for over 25 years by Marian K. Kazimierczuk thanks to constructive student feedback and valuable suggestions on possible workroom improvements. This up-to-date and informative teaching material is now available for the benefit of a wide audience. Key features: Includes complete designs to give students a quick overview of the converters, their characteristics, and fundamental analysis of operation. Compatible with any programming tool (MATLAB, Mathematica, or Maple) and any circuit simulation tool (PSpice, LTSpice, Synopsys SABER, PLECS, etc.). Quick design section enables students and instructors to verify their design methodology for instant simulations. Presents lab exercises based on the most recent advancements in power electronics, including multiple-output power converters, modeling, current- and voltage-mode control schemes, and power semiconductor devices. Provides comprehensive appendices to aid basic understanding of the fundamental circuits, programming and simulation tools. Contains a quick component selection list of power MOSFETs and diodes together with their ratings, important specifications and Spice models.

Learn how to ensure optimal efficiency! Save money, resources--and guesswork--with this invaluable reference that can help you evaluate and improve transformer efficiency in electrical power systems more reliably. The author, a professional electrical system efficiency expert, clearly explains: the typical causes of poor efficiency in transformer load and no-load losses; traditional efficiency improvement methods, such as the use of larger conductors and properly sizing transformers; effective new solutions, including the use of amorphous steel and cryogenics, laser-etched silicon steel, and advanced design transformers. A diskette is included with the book containing the Environmental Protection Agency's Distribution Transformer Cost Evaluation Model (DTCEM), version 1.1. This program helps engineers perform the complex economic analyses needed to accurately determine the cost-effectiveness and emission reduction potential of high-efficiency transformers. It also provides the information necessary for facilities to weigh purchases of high-efficiency distriubtion transformers against competing resource options. Sure to be of ongoing benefit to any cost-conscious utility engineer or commercial and industrial engineer manager, this timely book plus computer program not only highlights a potentially significant savings opportunity, it also provides a sensible framework for evaluating losses and making more intelligent purchasing decisions.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Technologies (ICAST 2020), organized by Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India. It gives an overview of recent developments in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering. Some of the topics covered in this book include HVAC systems, alternative fuels, renewable energy, nano fluids, industrial advancements in energy systems, energy storage, multiphase transport and phase change, conventional and non-conventional energy theoretical and experimental fluid dynamics, numerical methods in heat transfer and fluid mechanics, different modes of heat transfer, fluid machinery, turbo machinery, and fluid power. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering.

Gain an in-depth understanding of converter-interfaced energy storage systems with this unique text, covering modelling, dynamic behaviour, control, and stability analysis. Providing comprehensive coverage, it demonstrates the technical and economic aspects of energy storage systems, and provides a thorough overview of energy storage technologies. Several different modelling techniques are presented, including power system models, voltage-sourced converter models, and energy storage system models. Using a novel stochastic control approach developed by the authors, you will learn about the impact of energy storage on the dynamic interaction of microgrids with distribution and transmission systems. Compare the numerous real-world simulation data and numerical examples provided with your own models and control strategies. Accompanied online by a wealth of numerical examples and supporting data, this is the ideal text for graduate students, researchers, and industry professionals working in power system dynamics, renewable energy integration, and smart grid development.

Direct Energy Conversion is written for students and practicing engineers with an interest in the performance of energy conversion processes that involve direct methods of producing electric power from heat and other primary sources. It provides an in-depth development of key issues from the first principles of the underlying sciences, and examines the means available for converting heat to electricity without the intermediate generation of rotating shaft power. A physical and quantitative understanding of the limitations of a number of commercially interesting methods is developed in order to allow readers assessment of the technologies for specific applications. The list of processes considered is limited by performance measured in terms of cost, conversion efficiency, and power density. Ideal for senior undergraduate and graduate level courses in power production, energy conversion, and power systems, Direct Energy Conversion is also a natural adjunct to the author's previous text, Energy Conversion (OUP, 1994), which focuses on the thermodynamics and mechanics of heat.

'Simplified Design of Micropower and Battery Circuits' provides a simplified, step-by-step approach to micropower and supply cell circuit design. No previous experience in design is required to use the techniques described, thus making the book well suited for the beginner, student, or experimenter as well as the design professional.
The book concentrates on the use of commercial micropower ICs by discussing selections of external components that modify the IC-package characteristics. The basic approach is to start design problems with approximations for trial-value components in experimental circuits, then to vary the component values until the desired results are produced. Although theory and mathematics are kept to a minimum, operation of all circuits is described in full.
EDITOR'S CHOICE - Electronics (The Maplin Magazine), May 1996
John D. Lenk has been a technical author specializing in practical electronic design and troubleshooting guides for more than 40 years. An established writer of international best-sellers in the field of electronics, Mr. Lenk is the author of more than 80 books on electronics, which together have sold well over two million copies in nine languages.
Uses commercially available micropower ICs.
No design experience required.
Minimal theory and mathematics; full circuit operation described.

Energy flow from many primary sources is not constant but depends on the season, time of day and weather conditions. Energy demand also varies with the same circumstances, but generally in reverse. Obviously there needs to be some way for energy suppliers to separate the processes of energy generation and consumption, by storing energy until it is needed. Electricity is the most flexible and convenient form of energy for transmission and use but it is not economically possible to store electrical energy in significant quantities. Secondary energy storage systems can accept energy generated by a power system, convert it to a form suitable for storage, keep it for a certain time and then convert it into the form required by the consumer when it is needed. These systems are an essential tool in managing energy supplies. This book is a comprehensive guide to the various types of secondary storage systems and an introduction to the multidisciplinary problem of choice of their types and parameters. It is chiefly aimed at students of electrical and power engineering, and design and research engineers concerned with the logistics of power supply. It will also be valuable to all those interested in the development of environmentally benign power supplies.

A" Soul of a New Machine"for our time a gripping account of invention, commerce, and duplicity in the age of technology A worldwide race is on to perfect the next engine of economic growth, the advanced lithium-ion battery. It will power the electric car, relieve global warming, and catapult the winner into a new era of economic and political mastery. Can the United States win? Steve LeVine was granted unprecedented access to a secure federal laboratory outside Chicago, where a group of geniuses is trying to solve this next monumental task of physics and engineering. But these scientists almost all foreign born are not alone. With so much at stake, researchers in Japan, South Korea, and China are in the same pursuit. The drama intensifies when a Silicon Valley start-up licenses the federal laboratory s signature invention with the aim of a blockbuster sale to the world s biggest carmakers. "The Powerhouse"is a real-time, two-year account of big invention, big commercialization, and big deception. It exposes the layers of aspiration and disappointment, competition and ambition behind this great turning point in the history of technology."

This new revision of an instant classic presents practical solutions to the problem of energy storage on a massive scale. This problem is especially difficult for renewable energy technologies, such as wind and solar power, that, currently, can only be utilized while the wind is blowing or while the sun is shining. If energy storage on a large scale were possible, this would solve many of our society's problems. For example, power grids would not go down during peak usage. Power plants that run on natural gas, for example, would no longer burn natural gas during the off-hours, as what happens now. These are just two of society's huge problems that could be solved with this new technology. This new edition includes additional discussion and new sections on energy problem including increasing population and greenhouse effects, and an expanded overview of energy storage types. Chapter two has been expanded to provide further discussion of the fundamentals of energy and new sections on elastic, electrical, chemical, and thermal energy. Two new chapters have been added that provide a discussion of electrolytes and membranes and on flexible and stretchable energy storage devices. A new section has also been added on the future of energy storage in the final chapter. This is a potentially revolutionary book insofar as technical books can be "revolutionary." The technologies that are described have their roots in basic chemistry that engineers have been practicing for years, but this is all new material that could revolutionize the energy industry. Whether the power is generated from oil, natural gas, coal, solar, wind, or any of the other emerging sources, energy storage is something that the industry must learn and practice. With the world energy demand increasing, mostly due to the industrial growth in China and India, and with the West becoming increasingly more interested in fuel efficiency and "green" endeavors, energy storage is potentially a key technology in our energy future.

Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs), such as methanol and ethanol ones, are very promising advanced power systems that may considerably reduce dependence on fossil fuels and are, therefore, attracting increased attention worldwide. Nanostructured materials can improve the performance of the cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes of DAFCs. This book focuses on the most recent advances in the science and technology of nanostructured materials for direct alcohol fuel cells, including novel non-noble or low noble metal catalysts deposited on the graphene layer and metal-free doped carbon black for oxygen electroreduction reaction, Sn-based bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles for alcohol electro-oxidation reaction, and novel nanomaterials for promoting proton transfer in electrolytes. In addition, the book includes chapters from not only experimentalists but also computational chemists who have worked in the development of advanced power systems for decades. Illustrated throughout with excellent figures, this multidisciplinary work is not just a reference for researchers in chemistry and materials science, but a handy textbook for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students in nanoscience- and nanotechnology-related courses, especially those with an interest in developing novel materials for advanced power systems.

Energy storage technology has great potential to improve electric power grids, to enable growth in renewable electricity generation, and to provide alternatives to oil-derived fuels in the nation's transportation sector. In the electric power system, the promise of this technology lies in its potential to increase grid efficiency and reliability, optimizing power flows and supporting variable power supplies from wind and solar generation. In transportation, vehicles powered by batteries or other electric technologies have the potential to displace vehicles burning gasoline and diesel fuel, reducing associated emissions and demand for oil. This book summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding energy storage technologies for both electric power grid and electric vehicle applications. It also addresses the significant policy, market, and other non-technical factors that may impede storage adoption, and considers eight major categories of storage technology; pumped hydro, compressed air, batteries, capacitors, superconducting magnetic energy storage, flywheels, thermal storage, and hydrogen.

Energy storage can be utilised in a wide range of applications. The main types of applications covered by the chapters in the present volume include utility and other electrical power systems, conventional and renewable power generation, renewable energy sources, heat pumps, building heating and cooling and district energy systems. The ability of energy storage to facilitate the efficient, effective and economic operation of renewable energy systems is reinforced in this volume, with chapters focusing on using energy storage to improve solar power plants and other renewable energy applications. This book addresses both existing and potential future energy storage technologies and systems.

Thermoelectric materials have received a great deal of attention in energy-harvesting and cooling applications, primarily due to their intrinsic low cost, energy efficient and eco-friendly nature. The past decade has witnessed heretofore-unseen advances in organic-based thermoelectric materials and devices. This title summarises the significant progress that has been made in the molecular design, physical characterization, and performance optimization of organic thermoelectric materials, focusing on effective routes to minimize thermal conductivity and maximize power factor. Featuring a series of state-of-the-art strategies for enhancing the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of organic thermoelectricity, and highlighting cutting-edge concepts to promote the performance of organic thermoelectricity, chapters will strengthen the exploration of new high-ZT thermoelectric materials and their potential applications. With contributions from leading worldwide authors, Organic Thermoelectric Materials will appeal to graduate students as well as academic and industrial researchers across chemistry, materials science, physics and engineering interested in the materials and their applications.