This book provides a detailed overview of high entropy materials and alloys, discussing their structure, the processing of bulk and nanostructured alloys as well as their mechanical and functional properties and applications. It covers the exponential growth in research which has occurred over the last decade, discussing novel processing techniques, estimation of mechanical, functional and physical properties, and utility of these novel materials for various applications. Given the expanding scope of HEAs in ceramics, polymers, thin films and coating, this book will be of interest to material scientists and engineers alike.

The book provides design engineers an elemental understanding of the variables that influence pressure drop and heat transfer in plain and micro-fin tubes to thermal systems using liquid single-phase flow in different industrial applications. It also provides design engineers using gas-liquid, two-phase flow in different industrial applications the necessary fundamentals of the two-phase flow variables. The author and his colleagues were the first to determine experimentally the very important relationship between inlet geometry and transition. On the basis of their results, they developed practical and easy to use correlations for the isothermal and non-isothermal friction factor (pressure drop) and heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number) in the transition region as well as the laminar and turbulent flow regions for different inlet configurations and fin geometry. This work presented herein provides the thermal systems design engineer the necessary design tools. The author further presents a succinct review of the flow patterns, void fraction, pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer phenomenon and recommends some of the well scrutinized modeling techniques.

Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Issues regarding the environment, cost, and fuel consumption add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industrial combustion, The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Volume 3 - Applications offers comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of equipment used in the process and power generation industries. Under the leadership of Charles E. Baukal, Jr., top engineers and technologists from John Zink Hamworthy Combustion examine industry applications such as process burners, boiler burners, process flares, thermal oxidizers, and vapor control. This volume builds on the concepts covered in the first two volumes and shows how they are used in combustion applications. The book also features a wealth of color illustrations, photographs, and tables throughout. What's New in This Edition Expanded to three volumes, with Volume 3 focusing on important industry applications Extensive updates and revisions throughout, reflecting new standards, energy sources, processes, and conservation concerns Expanded coverage of flares and new coverage of biogas flares and flare gas recovery Information on vapor combustors Discussion of pollution control equipment Expanded coverage of commercial and utility boiler burners Chapters on process and air heaters More material on thermal oxidizers A new chapter on marine and offshore applications The third of three volumes in the new, expanded edition of the bestselling handbook, this volume helps you broaden your knowledge of industrial combustion applications to better meet the challenges of this field. For the other volumes in the set, see The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Three-Volume Set.

Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Issues regarding the environment, cost, and fuel consumption add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industrial combustion, The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Volume 2 - Design and Operations serves as a field manual for operators, engineers, and managers working in design and operations. Under the leadership of Charles E. Baukal, Jr., top engineers and technologists from John Zink Hamworthy Combustion examine equipment design and operations in the context of the process and power generation industries. Coverage includes testing, installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting. This second volume features color illustrations and photographs throughout, and extensive appendices contain property data relevant to industrial combustion equipment and processes. What's New in This Edition Expanded to three volumes, with Volume 2 focusing on equipment design and operations Extensive updates and revisions throughout, reflecting new standards, energy sources, processes, and conservation concerns New material on combustion diagnostics and testing Updated material on safety and combustion controls New material on metallurgy, refractories, and blowers Expanded coverage of burners, flares, and thermal oxidizers, including testing, operations, and troubleshooting More property data useful for the design and operation of combustion equipment The second of three volumes in the new, expanded edition of the bestselling handbook, this volume helps you broaden your understanding of industrial combustion design and operations to better meet the challenges of this field. For the other volumes in the set, see The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Three-Volume Set.

Complex metal alloys (CMAs) comprise a huge group of largely unknown alloys and compounds, where many phases are formed with crystal structures based on giant unit cells containing atom clusters, ranging from tens of to more than thousand atoms per unit cell. In these phases, for many phenomena, the physical length scales are substantially smaller than the unit-cell dimension. Hence, these materials offer unique combinations of properties which are mutually exclusive in conventional materials, such as metallic electric conductivity combined with low thermal conductivity, good light absorption with high-temperature stability, high metallic hardness with reduced wetting by liquids, etc.This book is the first of a series of books issued yearly as a deliverable to the European Community of the School established within the European Network of Excellence CMA. Written by reputed experts in the fields of metal physics, surface physics, surface chemistry, metallurgy, and process engineering, this book brings together expertise found inside as well as outside the network to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in CMAs.

This textbook addresses the key questions in both classical thermodynamics and statistical thermodynamics: Why are the thermodynamic properties of a nano-sized system different from those of a macroscopic system of the same substance? Why and how is entropy defined in thermodynamics, and how is the entropy change calculated when dissipative heat is involved? What is an ensemble and why is its theory so successful?Translated from a highly successful Chinese book, this expanded English edition contains many updated sections and several new ones. They include the introduction of the grand canonical ensemble, the grand partition function and its application to ideal quantum gases, a discussion of the mean field theory of the Ising model and the phenomenon of ferromagnetism, as well as a more detailed discussion of ideal quantum gases near T = 0, for both Fermi and Bose gases.

This reference illustrates the efficacy of CyclePad software for enhanced simulation of thermodynamic devices and cycles. It improves thermodynamic studies by reducing calculation time, ensuring design accuracy, and allowing for case-specific analyses. Offering a wide-range of pedagogical aids, chapter summaries, review problems, and worked examples, this reference offers a user-friendly and effective approach to thermodynamic processes and computer-based experimentation and design. Thermodynamic Cycles allows students to change any parameter and understand its effect on device performance, run experiments and investigate results, and run valuable sensitivity and cost-benefit analyses.

The seventy-five refereed papers in this volume represent the second in a series of biannual benchmarks for technologies that maximize energy conversion while minimizing undesirable emissions. Covering the entire range of industrial and transport combustion as well as strategies for energy R&D, these state-of-the-art contributions will be indispensable to mechanical and chemical engineers in academia and industry, and technical personnel in military, energy, and environmental agencies of government.

This book deals with certain aspects of material science, particularly with the release of thermal energy associated with bond breaking. It clearly establishes the connection between heat transfer rates and product quality. The editors then sharply draw the thermal distinctions between the various categories of welding processes, and demonstrate how these distinctions are translated into simulation model uniqueness. The book discusses the incorporation of radiative heat transfer processes into the simulation model.

Dieses sehr anschauliche Fach- und Lehrbuch behandelt die Grundlagen der Brennstoffzellen. Dabei werden die chemischen Grundlagen in leicht verstandlicher Form dargestellt. Einen Schwerpunkt des Buchs bilden die verschiedenen Brennstoffzellentypen und deren technische Anwendung. Im Kapitel "Gaserzeugung" werden konventionelle und alternative Methoden und Konzepte behandelt. Die neue Auflage wurde auf den aktuellen Stand der Technik gebracht.

In diesem Lehrbuch werden die Grundlagen im Umgang mit Excel-VBA, von der Erstellung von Makros uber beispielhafte Anwendungen des Solvers bis zur Erstellung von benutzerdefinierten Funktionen, Schritt fur Schritt dargestellt. Dabei werden wertvolle Tipps zur Gestaltung und Dokumentation von Excel-Berechnungsblattern gegeben. Auf dieser Basis erfolgt die angeleitete Erstellung von Flash-Berechnungen realer Dampf-Flussig- und Flussig-Flussig-Gleichgewichte. Die wichtigsten Grundoperationen der Thermischen Verfahrenstechnik werden in den nachfolgenden Kapiteln verstandlich und strukturiert behandelt: Ausgehend von den Phasengleichgewichten und Erhaltungsgleichungen erfolgt die Herleitung der Berechnungsgleichungen und darauf aufbauend die Erstellung von Excel-Berechnungsblattern zur Loesung der praxisnahen Aufgabenstellungen. Zusatzlich werden u. a. die Auslegung von Anlagen zur Flussigkeitsfoerderung und Partikelsysteme behandelt.

Environmental and economic concerns have significantly spurred the search for novel, high-performance thermoelectric materials for energy conversion in small-scale power generation and refrigeration devices. This quest has been mainly fueled by the introduction of new designs and the synthesis of new materials. In fact, good thermoelectric materials must simultaneously exhibit extreme properties: they must have very low thermal conductivity values and both electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient high values as well. Since these transport coefficients are interrelated, the required task of optimization is a formidable one. Thus, thermoelectric materials provide a full-fledged example of interdisciplinary research connecting fields such as solid-state physics, materials science engineering, and structural chemistry and raise the need of gaining proper knowledge of the role played by the electronic structure in the thermal and electrical transport properties of solid matter. This book presents a detailed, updated introduction to the field of thermoelectric materials in a tutorial way, focusing on both basic notions and fundamental questions and illustrating the abstract concepts with suitable application examples. It discusses thermoelectric effects, the transport coefficients and their mutual relations, the efficiency of thermoelectric devices, and some notions on the characterization and related industry standards. It also reviews the two basic strategies for optimizing the thermoelectric performance of materials: the control of thermal conductivity and the power factor enhancement. It discusses structural complexity approach, focusing on complex enough lattice structures with heavy atoms in the unit-cell or nanostructured systems characterized by low-dimensional effects, and introducing different kinds of bulk materials of growing chemical and structural complexity. It also discusses the electronic structure engineering approach that focuses on obtaining a guiding principle, in terms of an electronic band structure tailoring process, and describes the role played by the electronic structure in the thermoelectric performance of different materials.

This book is the first comprehensive work to focus exclusively on the use of adsorbents and adsorption processes to capture and recover carbon dioxide from a large variety of process and waste streams. The book also serves as an essential point of entry for researchers new to the field as well as a reference source for more experienced researchers. The topic of carbon dioxide capture is of great importance in the push to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate global warming. The book compiles the available data gathered on adsorbents to date and shows how adsorbents can be and already are used in various processes. Carbon dioxide capture by adsorption is also one of the key focus items in carbon capture and storage. The full range of adsorption processes and the most recent advances in the field are covered.

Compact enough to leave ample time for design projects, it focuses on thermal-fluid systems (rather than on components of systems), and features a chapter-long example of a major design project with diverse features. KEY TOPICS: Provides a compact presentation of design -- focusing on thermal-fluid systems -- to allow ample time to be devoted to a major design project. This book includes an introductory chapter on stimulating the design process, organizing and managing a design team, and reporting the design itself. Discusses important financial and economic concepts, reminding designers to keep an eye on component cost and financial considerations in their design.

This is a broad-based text on the fundamentals of explosive behavior and the application of explosives in civil engineering, industrial processes, aerospace applications, and military uses. The book includes chapters on all aspects of explosives, each written by an expert in the field: Introduction to Explosives (W.C. Davis) Explosives Development and Fundamentals of Explosives Technology (P.R. Lee) Shock Waves, Rarefaction Waves, Equations of State (W.C. Davis) Introduction to Detonation Physics (P. Cooper) The Chemistry of Explosives (J.C. Oxley) Theories and Techniques of Initiation (P.R. Lee) The Gurney Model for Explosive Output (J.E. Kennedy) Hazard Assessment of Explosives and Propellants (P.R. Lee) Safe Handling of Explosives (J.C. Oxley) Demolitions (C. Weickert)

For preservation and adaptation of heritage or historic buildings, an understanding of their constructional material properties at elevated temperatures and structural elements fire behavior is required so that they can be demonstrated to possess sufficient fire resistance in their new and current uses. Fire Resistance of Heritage Structures presents systematic information regarding the main materials used in heritage structures (masonry, metals, and timber). Material properties at elevated temperatures, response of structural elements and systems in fire and protection guidelines are presented, including information from historical fire tests. The book provides, in a systematic way, useful information and methodologies required to assess the fire resistance of historical structures. It covers a wide range of historical materials, including cast iron, wrought iron, old steel, masonry (clay masonry units, mortars and types of construction stone) and old timber. Information regarding the post-fire assessment is also provided. This Brief is perfect for practicing fire and structural engineers dealing with conservation projects, as well as students and researchers studying historical structures and their conservation.

This Handbook provides researchers, faculty, design engineers in industrial R&D, and practicing engineers in the field concise treatments of advanced and more-recently established topics in thermal science and engineering, with an important emphasis on micro- and nanosystems, not covered in earlier references on applied thermal science, heat transfer or relevant aspects of mechanical/chemical engineering. Major sections address new developments in heat transfer, transport phenomena, single- and multiphase flows with energy transfer, thermal-bioengineering, thermal radiation, combined mode heat transfer, coupled heat and mass transfer, and energy systems. Energy transport at the macro-scale and micro/nano-scales is also included. The internationally recognized team of authors adopt a consistent and systematic approach and writing style, including ample cross reference among topics, offering readers a user-friendly knowledgebase greater than the sum of its parts, perfect for frequent consultation. The Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering is ideal for academic and professional readers in the traditional and emerging areas of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, aerospace engineering, bioengineering, electronics fabrication, energy, and manufacturing concerned with the influence thermal phenomena.

With the advent of High Temperature Superconductivity and the increasing reliability of fabrication techniques, superconductor technology has moved firmly into the mainstream of academic and industrial research. There is currently no single source of practical information giving guidance on which technique to use for any particular category of superconductor. An increasing number of materials scientists and electrical engineers require easy access to practical information, sensible advice and guidance on 'best-practice' and reliable, proven fabrication and characterisation techniques.

The Handbook will be the definitive collection of material describing techniques for the fabrication and analysis of superconducting materials. In addition to the descriptions of techniques, authoritative discussions written by leading researchers will give guidance on the most appropriate technique for a particular situation.

Characterisation and measurement techniques will form an important part of the Handbook, providing researchers with a standard reference for experimental techniques. The tutorial style description of these techniques makes the Handbook particularly suitable for use by graduate students.

The Handbook will be supported by a comprehensive web site which will be updated with new data as it emerges.

The Handbook has six main sections:
-- Fundamentals of Superconductivity - characteristic properties, elementary theory, critical current of type II superconductors
-- Processing - bulk materials, wires and tapes, thick and think films, contact techniques
-- Characterisation Techniques - structure/microstructure, measurement and interpretation of electromagnetic properties,measurement of physics properties
-- Materials - characteristic properties of low and high Tc materials
-- Applications - high current applications, trapped flux devices, high frequency devices, josephson junction devices, other devices
-- Emerging materials - mercury superconductors, non-copper and other intermetallic compounds, fullerene superconductors, organic superconductors, future high Tc superconductors, magnesium diboride.

There is a further smaller section on refrigeration, and there will be appendices covering manufacturers, suppliers and safety considerations.

Readership: Researchers, graduate students and industrial researchers in materials science and electrical engineering.

The Springer Heat Atlas (VDI Warmeatlas) is one of the most important established books in matters of heat transfer engineering. For more than 50 years it has been an indispensable working means for engineers dealing with questions of heat transfer, and it is well-established for industrial engineering in Europe and worldwide. This reference book allows calculating the heat transport in technical equipment for the process industry, thermal power engineering and related subjects and thereby is a powerful tool for design purposes. The 1st international edition published in 1993 was based on the 6th German edition and soon was sold out. The 10th German edition (2006) is now followed by a second 2nd international edition. For this 2nd international edition all parts were examined thoroughly and revised, thus ensuring a maximum of security in the data, and modern state-of-the-art methods and analyses.

The reference book covers most fields of heat transfer in industrial and engineering applications, presenting the interrelationships between basic scientific methods, experimental techniques, model-based analysis and their transfer to technical applications."

An entertaining mathematical exploration of the heat equation and its role in the triumphant development of the trans-Atlantic telegraph cable Heat, like gravity, shapes nearly every aspect of our world and universe, from how milk dissolves in coffee to how molten planets cool. The heat equation, a cornerstone of modern physics, demystifies such processes, painting a mathematical picture of the way heat diffuses through matter. Presenting the mathematics and history behind the heat equation, Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons tells the remarkable story of how this foundational idea brought about one of the greatest technological advancements of the modern era, the pioneering trans-Atlantic telegraph cable.