In this book, major issues surrounding importance of water and energy for food security in the United States and India are described representing two extremes in yield, irrigation efficiency, and automation. The farming systems in these two countries face different risks in terms of climatic shifts and systems' resiliency to handle the shocks. One may have comparative advantage over the other, but both are susceptible. Innovations in irrigation for food and fuel production, improvements in nitrogen and water use efficiency, and rural sociological issues are discussed here. We also look into some of the unintended consequences of high productivity agriculture in terms of surface and ground water quality and impacts on ecosystem services. Finally, we present ways to move forward to meet the food demands in the next half-century in both countries. As the current world population of 7 billion is expected to reach or exceed 10 billion in the next 40 years, there will be significant additional demand for food. A rising middle class and its preference for a meat-based diet also increases the demand for animal feed. This additional food and feed production needs special considerations in water and energy management besides the development of appropriate crop hybrids to withstand future climatic shifts and other environmental factors. A resilient agricultural landscapes will also be needed to withstand climatic fluctuations, disease pressures, etc. While the upper and many middle income countries have made significant improvements in crop yield due to pressurized irrigation and automation in farming systems, the lower income countries are struggling with yield enhancements due to such limitations. The rise in population is expected to be more in Sub-Sharan Africa and Middle East (Low to middle-income countries) where the crop yields are expected to be low.

This book focuses on the study of chemical dust suppression in mine dust pollution control by means of theories, experiments, computer simulation, and case application, aiming at providing chemical dust suppression solutions for mining worksites. It has seven chapters, including the following contents: (1) introduces fundamental theories and applications of chemical dust suppression, analyzes the dust source intensity of worksites and the mechanisms of dust generation, and summarizes the dust control measures for different mining worksites. (2) According to the mechanisms of dust generation in different mining worksites, targeted dust suppressants were developed. Through optimization by monomer experiment and orthogonal experiment, the optimum formula of different types of dust suppressants was obtained, and its properties were characterized. (3) The dust suppressant field application process was introduced, and the economic benefits were analyzed. This book is expected to provide valuable references both for researchers and engineering technicians engaged in environmental engineering, safety engineering, occupational health, and mining metallurgical engineering, and it also serves as a textbook for graduate students in above disciplines.

African trypanosomes are tsetse-transmitted protozoa that inhabit the extracellular compartment of host blood. They cause fatal sleeping sickness in people, and Nagana, a wasting and generally fatal disease, in cattle. While trypanosomes are most common to Africa (about 30% of Africa's cattle graze on the fringe of the tsetse habitat), some species have spread beyond its boarders to Asia, the Middle East and South America. The African Trypanosomes, volume one of World Class Parasites, is written for researchers, students and scholars who enjoy reading research that has a major impact on human health, or agricultural productivity, and against which we have no satisfactory defense. It is intended to supplement more formal texts that cover taxonomy, life cycles, morphology, vector distribution, symptoms and treatment. It integrates vector, pathogen and host biology and celebrates the diversity of approach that comprises modern parasitological research.

Bringing together pathologists, clinicians and diagnostic radiologists to produce a simplified analysis and a unification of the existing concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of diffuse lung diseases, this volume highlights pathological changes and presents the latest diagnostic modalities. Detailed therapeutic strategies are proposed based on epidemiological findings, radiographic manifestations, and the complex pathophysiological basis of each disorder. The result will appeal not only to the sophisticated practitioner but will also provide material that is sufficiently organised and didactic to be used by the young physician.

This contributed volume motivates and educates across fields about the major challenges in global health and the interdisciplinary strategies for solving them. Once the purview of public health, medicine, and nursing, global health is now an interdisciplinary endeavor that relies on expertise from anthropology to urban planning, economics to political science, geography to engineering. Scholars and practitioners in the health sciences are seeking knowledge from a wider array of fields while, simultaneously, students across majors have a growing interest in humanitarian issues and are pursuing knowledge and skills for impacting well-being across geographic and disciplinary borders. Using a highly practical approach and illustrative case studies, each chapter of this edited volume frames a particular problem and illustrates how interdisciplinary problem-solving can address the greatest challenges in global health today. In doing so, each chapter spurs critical and creative thinking about emergent and future problems. Topics explored among the chapters include: Transforming health and well-being for refugees and their communities Governing to deliver safe and affordable water The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance Low-tech, high-impact interventions to prevent neonatal mortality Communicating taboo health subjects Alternative housing delivery for slum upgrades Transforming Global Health: Interdisciplinary Challenges, Perspectives, and Strategies is a vital and timely compendium for any reader invested in improving global health equity. It will find an audience with researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and program implementers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students and faculty in the fields of global health, public health, and the health sciences.

"HOLD THOU THE GOOD: DEFINE IT WELL ... " The quotation above from Tennyson, is apt when describing the purpose and achievement of this book. The author is dedicated to his subject-personal health in industry: his research covers practical experience in the U.K. and other lands. In non-technical language the book records many of the causes of ill-health and throws light upon the physical and mental stress with which men and women at work have to contend. Dr. Ffrench's observations and conclusions should be of consider able value to employers of labour and of interest to all concerned in the welfare of people engaged in earning a living. HAROLD COOPER Alfred H. Cooper & Sons Ltd Vll Preface This book has been prepared so that readers may appreciate the significant change in attitudes which has taken place over the past twenty-five years towards the care of the health of people at work."

Increased public concern over the control of environmental forces and industrial hazards has led to awareness for the need for improved conditions for all who work. Industry has expanded and developed new p' ducts and new methods. A great many occupational diseases have accompanied this progress. Too much of the present data and knowledge have been obtained following accidents or sad experience. Thousands of women have died, have become acutely or chronically ill, and still others permanently disabled. Workers themselves have become keenly aware of potential hazards on their jobs, and public interest has developed to a point where articles are appearing on front pages of newspapers, business journals, and medical journals specifically related to occupational medicine. Special studies of chemicals, processes, and practices have been initiated by government agencies and by industry itself. Knowledge of increased liver cancer in vinyl chloride workers, the discovery of kepone, a pesticide produced under poor working conditions causing neurologic damage, the problems with asbestos, and the alarming occupational health problems reported among workers manufacturing "DBCP" (dibromochloropropane), a nematocid that has caused reproductive alterations in men from oligospermia to sterility, are well known. Not only have sterility and fertility become serious grounds for concern but also mutagenesis and teratogenesis, in addition to public anxieties about occupational carcinogens, a cause for worry.

Excerpt from Conference Address One of the most complex and significant social issues facing our nation is reform of our national health system. I am personally committed, and Goodyear Tire & Rubber is committed, to doing everything we can to help improve that system while simultaneously gaining some measure of control over the tremen dous rate of cost escalation. I feel very strongly that in the months ahead, business leaders must become actively involved in a concerted effort to strike a balance between our desire to assure the best medical care for all and the reality of doing so at a cost our society can afford. For the past two years I have been chairman of the Business Roundtable's Task Force on Health and in that capacity have been working closely with the Washington Business Group on Health. Through this exposure and the encour aging results of Goodyear's own cost containment activities, I was asked to serve on HEW Secretary Califano's Advisory Committee on National Health Insurance. This committee, representing a broad spectrum of interests and expertise, will be meeting in cities across the country and will hold hearings in Washington before entering into final discussions with HEW and other admin istration officials. The result of its work is to be combined with that of the HEW staff in formulating the basis of President Carter's national health insurance proposal."

It is almost twenty years ago since under Nutricia's auspices the first Nutricia Symposium took place. Professor Jonxis was mainly responsible for the organiza tion of the earlier symposia, whilst Professor Visser organized the fifth Nutricia Symposium in 1978. This book is the commitment to paper of the lectures given during the sixth Nutricia/Cow & Gate Symposium held in Louvain in 1983. Both Professor Eeckels and Professor Ransome-Kuti succeeded in collecting a panel of experts on 'Child Health in the Tropics'. We hope, in fact we are sure, that you will consider the contents of this book a daily stimulation in your medical profession. October 1984 Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V List of authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI List of participants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIV SESSION I FEEDING, FEEDING PRACTICES AND GROWTH Chairman: Chap-Yung Yeung A. Omololu, The practice of breastfeeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 M. G. M. Rowland, S. G. l. Goh, S. Tullock, D. T. Dunn and R. l. Hayes, Growth and weaning in urban Gambian infants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 W. Klaver, Some considerations on the formulation of weaning mixes. . 19 R. G. Hendrickse, The influence of mycotoxins on child health in the tropics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 V. S. Tanphaichitr, C. Tuchinda, V. Suvatte and S. Tuchinda, Bodily growth in thalassemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 L. Sinisterra, Ecological evaluation of human development: the case of the child in the tropics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 SESSION II DIARRHOEAL DISEASES Chairman: o. Ransome-Kuti A. M. Molla, S. A. Sarker, A. Molla, M. Kathoon, W. B."

Upon the request of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) the Swedish National Committee for Mechanics organized a colloquium on fatigue, which was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (Kung!. Tekniska Hogskolan) in Stock- holm, May 25-27, 1955. 35 lectures were delivered, principally dealing with problems of statistical and basic nature. Among the topics were to be found statis- tical theory of fatigue, cumulative damage, mechanism of fatigue, me- tallurgical aspects on fatigue, velocity of fatigue cracks, fatigue at elevated temperature, and fatigue at combined stresses. Lectures were going on simultaneously in two sections. Each lecturer had 15 minutes for presentation of his communication, and afterwards 15 minutes were reserved for discussion. Abstracts of the lectures were distributed about a month before the colloquium. The colloquium was attended by 149 participants from the follow- ing countries: Denmark (1), Finland (2), France (5), Germany (6), Italy (2), Netherlands (2), Norway (2), Poland (2), Saar (1), Spain (3), Sweden (100), Switzerland (1), United Kingdom (10), USA (8), USSR (3), and Yugoslavia (1). A complete list of the participants will be found below. The languages of the Colloquium were English, French, German and Italian. No lectures were delivered in Italian. Also, all contributions to the discussions have been translated to one of the first three languages. Statements and opinions advanced are always those of the individual authors or participants in the discussions.

As part of its programme for the prevention of health hazards caused by industrial work substances, the Berufsgenossenschaft der Chemischen Industrie began in 1977 to investigate the toxicity of those existing substances which are in widespread use, have many different applica tions and are suspected of being possibly dangerous to health, in particular of having long-term effects on health. It is hoped by means of this testing to close gaps in our knowledge and to increase the scientific validity of the required risk assessments. The results of the toxicological investigations carried out by the Berufsgenossenschaft der Chemischen Industrie, and the resulting substance assess ments have been published in West Germany since 1987 in the form of "Toxicological Evaluations". In order to make this useful information internationally available, the "Toxicological Evaluations" are now being published in English. This first volume contains individual evaluations of 21 substances. The publication of further individual evaluations and, if necessary, reassessments of previously published evaluations is planned.

The sociology of hazardous waste, risk, and disasters is a relatively new discipline. This book focuses on hazardous and toxic wastes releases, industrial toxic disasters, contamination of communities and the environment, and the subsequent adverse health effects among exposed populations

We are most fortunate to be housed in an institution that embraces risk taking and innovation in education. Part of the joy of working at McMaster University is the sense that you will be supported in your efforts to develop new ways of facilitating learning even if these are not always successful. We are privileged to work with a group of exceptional colleagues who embrace - novation and strive for ongoing excellence in education. Their commitment and - thusiasm emerges through the reading of the chapters. Patricia Solomon Sue Baptiste Hamilton,Ontario December,2004 Contents VII Contents Chapter 1 Skills for the Rehabilitation Professional of the Future Patricia Solomon, Sue Baptiste New Skills for the Changing Practice Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Self-directed and Lifelong Learning Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Evidence-based Practice Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Consultation Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Communication Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Professionalism and Ethical Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Barriers to Implementing Innovative Curricula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Chapter 2 Curriculum Development and Design Sue Baptiste, Patricia Solomon The Pedagogical Framework: Problem-based Learning . . . . . . . . . . 12 Approaching the Task of Curriculum Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Where to Begin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Designing Our New Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Redevelopment Within a Problem-based Learning Culture . . . . . . . . 18 Integration of Experiential Practice Preparation Within a Problem-based Learning Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Evaluation Within a Graduate Problem-based Learning Framework . . . . 19 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 VIII Contents Chapter 3 Strategies for Integrating Basic Sciences in Curriculum Hallie Groves Basic Sciences in an Integrated Curriculum: What to Learn? . . . . . . . 24 Strategies for Integrating Basic Sciences into Innovative Curricula . . . . 25 Selecting Learning Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The topic of skin aging is of growing importance to all working in the field of dermatology, aesthetic medicine and cosmetic medicine. Two internationally well-known and leading experts in the field present a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on all aspects of skin aging.

With its clear, concise and reader-friendly format this book has all the potential to become the Bible of skin aging. Every specialist interested in dermatology, aesthetic medicine, cosmetic science, cutaneous biology and aging research will find indispensable information of great value for his or her daily work.

This collection of original essays by economists, biologists and political scientists has a common theme: that protecting species at risk while safeguarding social order is a policy challenge that entangles biology, politics, and economics. Nearly 1200 species are listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973; only twelve have been removed from the list. Attempts at species recovery on public and private property lead the authors to examine the political realities that define the debate: who should pay the costs and receive the benefits, and how interest group behaviour affects the nature of endangered species protection. Although the ESA directs administrative agencies to list and protect species following scientific priorities, the collection addresses the economic choices that still must be confronted. These range from the protection potential of private markets to the design of incentive schemes to encourage conservation by private landowners.

Zahlen, Daten, Analysen aus allen Branchen der Wirtschaft Der jahrlich als Buch erscheinende Fehlzeiten-Report informiert umfassend uber Strukturen und Entwicklungen des Krankenstandes von Beschaftigten der deutschen Wirtschaft und beleuchtet dabei einzelne Branchen detailliert. Der diesjahrige Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Unternehmensverantwortung bezuglich ihrer oekonomischen, oekologischen und sozialen Rolle fur die Gesellschaft in einer von tiefgreifenden Krisen und Transformationsprozessen gepragten Zeit. Der Fehlzeiten-Report 2022 eroertert wissenschaftlich fundiert u. a. die Notwendigkeit einer multiplen, ebenenubergreifenden Verantwortungsubernahme die Bedeutung von Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement fur Unternehmen wie gesellschaftlich verantwortungsvolles Handeln mit der Arbeitszufriedenheit und der Gesundheit der Beschaftigten in Zeiten mobiler und hybrider Arbeit zusammenhangt was es bedeutet, wenn "Gesundheit" in den unternehmerischen Wertekanon aufgenommen und in unternehmerische Prozesse und Ablaufe integriert wird welchen Nutzen und welches Potenzial das Thema Verantwortung fur das Betriebliche Gesundheitsmanagement birgt In gewohnter Qualitat liefert die Rubrik Daten und Analysen daruber hinaus Informationen fur alle, die Verantwortung fur den Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz in Unternehmen tragen.

The book will assist in the new public health response to the threats from bioterrorism and other public health disease by combining established principles of disease management protocols with effective differential diagnosis algorithms. Although no single approach answers all of the challenges confronting our public health system, this book fulfills many of the requirements. The author has collated the current diagnostic criteria for all health-related bioterrorist threats and other public health disorders. The book represents the print version of this project and is intended to be a quick reference for the busy clinician.

Every person on the planet is entangled in a web of ecological relationships that link farms and factories with human consumers. Our lives depend on these relationships -- and are imperiled by them as well. Nowhere is this truer than on the Japanese archipelago. During the nineteenth century, Japan saw the rise of Homo sapiens industrialis, a new breed of human transformed by an engineered, industrialized, and poisonous environment. Toxins moved freely from mines, factory sites, and rice paddies into human bodies. Toxic Archipelago explores how toxic pollution works its way into porous human bodies and brings unimaginable pain to some of them. Brett Walker examines startling case studies of industrial toxins that know no boundaries: deaths from insecticide contaminations; poisonings from copper, zinc, and lead mining; congenital deformities from methylmercury factory effluents; and lung diseases from sulfur dioxide and asbestos. This powerful, probing book demonstrates how the Japanese archipelago has become industrialized over the last two hundred years -- and how people and the environment have suffered as a consequence.

Despite vaccines and medicines, we have not succeeded in eradicating the most poisonous viruses in the world, like jaundice, measles, diarrhea, polio, and AIDS, not to mention newcomers like West Nile and SARS. Also, since September 11, it is no longer unthinkable that a terrorist would intentionally spread a virus among people or the food chain. In this book, Jaap Goudsmit argues that there is no such thing as life without viruses for many reasons; including the fact that many viruses spread without any visible signs, and can hide in animals; that there are too many different species of viruses and they multiply much faster than any animal or plant; and that infections strike especially in areas where life is difficult enough already, such as Africa and Asia.
However, Goudsmit continues, if viruses hold onto life so stubbornly, perhaps they can be useful to other living beings. Do viruses offer people a better chance of survival in a hostile world? Do viruses make people fitter? Some viruses seem to play a role in the process whereby our genes adapt to the environment. What is it that makes viruses incredibly strong, and can we learn something from it? What is the secret of the enormous "fitness" of viruses? Will viruses spell the end of mankind or will man always be able to offer resistance? This book attempts to answer these and other questions.

Due to changes in modern life, occupational dermatoses are increasing. This completely revised and comprehensive edition provides the concise information needed in dealing with patients in the field of occupational dermatology. It combines a highly practical approach to occupational dermatology with the skills and research experience of specialists in clinical and experimental dermatology. The spectrum of diseases covered in this book includes: allergic and irritant dermatitis; contact urticaria; photodermatoses; infectious diseases; skin tumors; systematic reactions due to percutaneous absorption; predisposed diseases and occupational skin problems. The information urgently needed for daily patient management is provided as quick reference through concise tables, algorithms, and figures on how to optimise the diagnostic procedures for high-quality care. This book will prove of great interest to all who are involved in treating patients with occupational skin diseases.

Human African Trypaniosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness is an old disease to be now considered as reemergent. HAT is endemic in 36 sub-Saharan African countries, in areas where tsetse flies are found. The public health importance of HAT is underestimated, but the disease causes severe social disruption in many rural areas. Along the past fifteen years, numerous studies were made, and now, the mechanisms involved in the disease pathogenesis and in the characteristics of sleep-wake disruption become to be better understood. But, since 50 years, when current drugs were introduced, problems regarding HAT chemotherapy have not been solved. Nevertheless, in-depth studies about trypanosome metabolism have permitted to discover new drug targets. Written by specialists who are very experienced in their respective fields, the contributions provide an indispensable tool for practitioners and scientists.

Significantly revised and updated, the fourth edition of this popular AAP policy manual helps you identify, prevent, and treat pediatric environmental health problems. This comprehensive guide puts critical children's health information and answers to parents' questions at your fingertips. From asbestos to radiation, ultraviolet rays, pesticides, asthma, lead, tobacco, and child care and school environments-current information on an exhaustive range of environmental health issues is included. Most chapters on chemical and physical hazards are organized in sections that describe the pollutant, routes of exposure, systems affected, clinical effects, diagnostic methods, treatment, and prevention of exposure and include suggested responses to questions that parents may ask. Topics include Addressing Environmental Health in Primary Care Food and Water Chemical and Physical Exposures Public Health Aspects of Environmental Health Emerging Technologies And more

This book examines mortality rates for African-Americans in selected U.S. urban areas in relation to both social class and the degree of black-white residential segregation. Mortality rates for African-American infants and young adults are shown to be especially high in certain highly-segregated areas. The findings will foster the development of the "epidemiology of American apartheid", a new field of research that has relevance to social and health policy. The intended audience includes sociologists (especially medical sociologists) who are likely to be familiar with segregation but not with its potential relevance to the health of African-Americans. Epidemiologists have recently turned to the study of racism and health, but epidemiologic studies have not dealt specifically with black-white segregation and health. Psychologists interested in racism are important potential collaborators with sociologists and epidemiologists in studies of the epidemiology of racial difference in health. Readers working in social policy and health policy areas, including urban issues, should also find relevant material. This work fits within the framework of Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal's thesis that the American creed of equality of opportunity remains unfulfilled.

The Guts of the Matter is a study of our oldest ecological problem: the transmission of infectious intestinal disease from human waste. Spanning the early hominin era to the present, this book explores the evolution of human waste disposal practices, the use of faeces and urine as fertilizer, and the changing patterns of transmission of intestinal pathogens and parasites. Chapters trace the spread of viral, bacterial, and helminthic infections through the early processes of globalization and track the uneven successes of the sanitation revolution in recent centuries. The book also provides an overview of the cultural practices that influence the transmission of infectious intestinal disease and the impacts of biomedical advances such as oral rehydration therapy and vaccination. Webb's impressive breadth and meticulous research is invaluable for students of public health, environmental history, global history, and medicine.