|
Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Experimental psychology
Brief and acute psychotic disorders with a short duration and a
generally good prognosis have long intrigued psychiatrists.
Although they are included in internationally accepted diagnostic
systems, understanding of these disorders remains minimal. This
book is the first comprehensive overview of the clinical features,
biology, course and long-term outcome of brief and acute psychoses.
The authors review the world literature on the topic and they also
present data from their own longitudinal study - the most complete
investigation of this group of disorders so far conducted. The book
concludes with considerations of the nosological status of brief
and acute psychoses and their impact on our understanding of the
continuum of psychotic and affective disorders.
Given the fundamental challenges to society in this era, a radical
rewrite of how we approach science and culture is necessary. This
handbook applies Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) to achieve a much
needed convergence across the physical, life and social sciences,
the humanities and arts. In doing so it addresses challenges such
as mental illness, dementia, cancer care, toxic masculinity and
societal oppression. It also reveals how PCT can be applied to
practical issues such as understanding healthcare service
implementation and human-machine interaction, as well as deeper
questions such as consciousness and imagination. This second volume
of the successful interdisciplinary handbook offers rich examples
of how the unifying perceptual control framework can provide a
viable alternative to existing theories and methodologies for a
timely paradigm shift.
1 Erkenntnisinteresse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1. 1 Warum Konstruktivismus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 1. 1 Ein
emanzipatorisches Paradigma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5 1. 1. 2 Konstruktivismus und Ethik . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 1. 3
Konstruktivistische Imperative fUr das wissenschaftliche Vorgehen .
. . . 8 1. 1. 4 Sozialer Konstruktivismus . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. 2 Warum
Wahmehmungspsychologie? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 11 1. 3 Warum Geschmackswahmehmung? . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1. 3. 1 Zum Prinzip der
undifferenzierten Codierung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1. 3. 2 Kultur & Geschmack .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 13 1. 3. 3 Ein wichtiger Unterschied zwischen
Schmecken und Sehen . . . . . . . . 18 1. 4 Warum Vegetarier? . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1. 4. 1 Vegetarier als
EBkulturwechsler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 19 1. 4. 2 Uber-Vegetarier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 20 2 Geschmackswahmehmung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2. 1 Anfange der
Geschmacksforschung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 22 2. 2 Biologische und genetische Ansiitze . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2. 2. 1 Belege gegen die
traditionellen Ansiitze ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2. 3 Industrielle
Geschmacksforschung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 29 2. 4 Geschmack, Geruch, Optik und all die anderen . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 33 2. 5 Die Sprache der Geschmackswahmehmung . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 35 2. 6 EinfluB der Kultur und Kulturvergleiche . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3 Konstruktivismus . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3. 1 Entfemte Verwandte: Die
Strukturalisten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3. 2 Die
Binnenpsyche: Radikaler Konstruktivismus . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3. 2. 1
Perspektivenwechsel: Von'den Sinnesorganen zum Gehim . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 44 3. 2. 2 Fragen an den Radikalen
Konstruktivismus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3. 2. 3 Konstruktivismus und
Gestaltpsychologie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3. 2. 4 Autopoiese und
Selbstreferentialitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.
3 Ein sozial-konstruktivistischer Ansatz . . ., . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 50 3. 3. 1 Yom DenkkolleKtiv und den
Geschmacksgestalten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 51 3. 3. 2 Unsere Sprache bestimmt unsere Welt . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 55 3. 3. 3 Das ''Y''-Modell der Wahmehmung .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4 Ableitung der
Fragestellungen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4. 1 Die Divergenz - Hypothese . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
Sadness is an inevitable part of life, but for most people it will usually alternate or coexist with happy times. Clinical depression, on the other hand, is a mental disorder that causes torment and anguish. It has no moments of relief. It unhinges us from everything we thought we knew about the world and makes us strangers to those we love. It is the predominant mental-health problem worldwide, affecting more than 250 million people. More than a fifth of the population of the UK report symptoms of depression or anxiety. Yet how much do we really know of the condition and of ways to treat it?
In MENDING THE MIND, Oliver Kamm recounts what it's like to be mentally ill with severe depression, and he details the route by which, with professional help, he was able to make a full recovery. His experience prompted him to find out all he could about a condition that has afflicted humanity throughout recorded history. He explains the progress of science in understanding depression, and the insights into the condition that have been provided by writers and artists through the ages. His message is hopeful: though depression is a real and devastating illness, the mind and its disorders are yielding to scientific inquiry, and effective psychological, psychiatric and pharmacological treatments are already available. Candid, revelatory and deeply versed in current scientific research, MENDING THE MIND sets out in plain language how the scourge of clinical depression can be countered and may eventually be overcome.
From Bill Minutaglio and Steven L. Davis, authors of the PEN Center USA award-winning DALLAS 1963, comes a madcap narrative about Timothy Leary's daring prison escape and run from the law.
On the moonlit evening of September 12, 1970, an ex-Harvard professor with a genius IQ studies a twelve-foot high fence topped with barbed wire. A few months earlier, Dr. Timothy Leary, the High Priest of LSD, had been running a gleeful campaign for California governor against Ronald Reagan. Now, Leary is six months into a ten-year prison sentence for the crime of possessing two marijuana cigarettes.
What is modern psychology and how did it get here? How and why did
psychology come to be the world's most popular science? A
Conceptual History of Psychology charts the development of
psychology from its foundations in ancient philosophy to the
dynamic scientific field it is today. Emphasizing psychology's
diverse global heritage, the book explains how, across centuries,
human beings came to use reason, empiricism, and science to explore
each other's thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. The book skilfully
interweaves conceptual and historical issues to illustrate the
contemporary relevance of history to the discipline. It shows how
changing historical and cultural contexts have shaped the way in
which modern psychology conceptualizes individuals, brains,
personality, gender, cognition, consciousness, health, childhood,
and relationships. This comprehensive textbook: - Helps students
understand psychology through its origins, evolution and cultural
contexts - Moves beyond a 'great persons and events' narrative to
emphasize the development of the theoretical and practical concepts
that comprise psychology - Highlights the work of minority and
non-Western figures whose influential work is often overlooked in
traditional accounts, providing a fuller picture of the field's
development - Includes a range of engaging and innovative learning
features to help students build and deepen a critical understanding
of the subject - Draws on examples from contemporary politics,
society and culture that bring key debates and historical
milestones to life - Meets the requirements for the Conceptual and
Historical Issues component of BPS-accredited Psychology degrees.
This textbook will provide students with invaluable insight into
the past, present and future of this exciting and vitally important
field. Read more from Brian Hughes on his blog at thesciencebit.net
The Science of Dream Interpretation presents a scientific, historic
and psychological account of dream interpretation by introducing
the biological and evolutionary foundations of sleep, dreams and
dream interpretation. Chapters cover the theory of dream
interpretation, the physiological and evolutionary reasons for
sleep and dreaming, an overview of the role dreams and dream
interpretation throughout history, including the cultural and
religious significance of dreams, and how dreams interrupt sleep,
including issues of insomnia, sleep walking, and more. The next few
sections present influential dream theorists of the 20th century,
including a review of their theories (Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and
Fritz Perls). The final section explains how dreams may be used to
extract personal meanings and be utilized in psychotherapy,
including case examples from actual psychotherapy sessions of the
techniques used to interpret dreams.
Cybersecurity and Cognitive Science provides the reader with
multiple examples of interactions between cybersecurity, psychology
and neuroscience. Specifically, reviewing current research on
cognitive skills of network security agents (e.g., situational
awareness) as well as individual differences in cognitive measures
(e.g., risk taking, impulsivity, procrastination, among others)
underlying cybersecurity attacks. Chapters on detection of network
attacks as well as detection of cognitive engineering attacks are
also included. This book also outlines various modeling frameworks,
including agent-based modeling, network modeling, as well as
cognitive modeling methods to both understand and improve
cybersecurity.
Practical Ethics for Effective Treatment of Autism Spectrum
Disorder, Second Edition is for behavior analysts working directly
with, or supervising those who work with, individuals with autism.
The book addresses the principles and values that underlie the
Behavior Analyst Certification Board's (R) Professional and Ethical
Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts and factors that affect
ethical decision-making. In addition, the book addresses critical
and under-discussed topics, including scope of competence,
evidence-based practice in behavior analysis, how to collaborate
with professionals within and outside one's discipline, and how to
design systems of ethical supervision and training customized to
unique treatment settings. Across many of the topics, the authors
also discuss errors students and professionals may make during
analyses of ethical dilemmas and misapplications of ethical codes
within their practice. New to this revision are chapters on Quality
Control in ABA Service Delivery, Ethical Issues in ABA Business
Management and Standardizing Decision-making in ABA Service
Delivery.
Web-based research methodology has evolved since the development of
the world wide web in the 1990s and has proliferated and
diversified with layers upon layers of new major developments in
internet technology and life generally (e.g., search engines,
social media, smartphones, Open Science). This volume presents a
selection of state-of-the-art contributions on web-based research
in psychology. Expert authors explore research methodology,
including new methods made possible through the web or research
that cannot be done without the web. In addition, research ethics,
which have special characteristics in the online research
environment, are addressed to varying degrees, including deception
and inclusivity. Further topics presented range from how web-based
research can advance our knowledge on perception to the adoption of
Open Science (including sharing data, materials, and
preregistrations), as well as how behavior is observed in web-based
research. This collection of contributions is a showcase of the
creativity of researchers to find nifty new ways to harness the web
to advance psychological research.
|
|