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Books > History > Asian / Middle Eastern history > From 1900
It used to be said that the night belonged to Charlie. But that
wasn't true where SEALs patrolled. For six months in 1970, fourteen
men in Juliett Platoon of the Navy's SEAL Team One--incuding the
author--carried out over a hundred missions in the Mekong Delta
without a single platoon fatality. Their primary mission: kidnap
enemy soldiers--alive--for interrogation.
The indistinct status of the Zainichi has meant that, since the
late 1940s, two ethnic Korean associations, the Chongryun
(pro-North) and the Mindan (pro-South) have been vying for
political loyalty from the Zainichi, with both groups initially
opposing their assimilation in Japan. Unlike the Korean diasporas
living in Russia, China or the US, the Zainichi have become sharply
divided along political lines as a result. Myung Ja Kim examines
Japan's changing national policies towards the Zainichi in order to
understand why this group has not been fully integrated into Japan.
Through the prism of this ethnically Korean community, the book
reveals the dynamics of alliances and alignments in East Asia,
including the rise of China as an economic superpower, the security
threat posed by North Korea and the diminishing alliance between
Japan and the US. Taking a post-war historical perspective, the
research reveals why the Zainichi are vital to Japan's state policy
revisionist aims to increase its power internationally and how they
were used to increase the country's geopolitical leverage.With a
focus on International Relations, this book provides an important
analysis of the mechanisms that lie behind nation-building policy,
showing the conditions controlling a host state's treatment of
diasporic groups.
This is the story of modern Britain, focusing on twelve formative
days in the history of the United Kingdom over the last five
decades. By describing what happened on those days and the
subsequent consequences, Andrew Hindmoor paints a suggestive - and
to some perhaps provocative - portrait of what we have become and
how we got here. Everyone will have their own list of the truly
formative moments in British history over the last five decades.
The twelve days selected for this book are: - The 28th of September
1976. The day Labour Prime Minister James Callaghan renounced
Keynesian economics. - The 4th of May 1979. The day Margaret
Thatcher became Britain's first female prime minister. - The 3rd of
March 1985. The day the miners' strike ended. - The 20th of
September 1988. The day of Margaret Thatcher's 'Bruges speech'. -
The 18th of May 1992. The day the television rights for the Premier
League were sold to BskyB. - The 22nd of April 1993. The day that
young black teenager Stephen Lawrence was murdered by racist thugs.
- The 10th April 1998. The day of the Good Friday Agreement in
Northern Ireland. - The 11th of September 2001. The day of the Al
Qaeda attacks on the United States. - The 5th of December 2004. The
day Chris Cramp and Matthew Roche became the first gay couple in
the UK to become civil partners under the Civil Partnership Act. -
The 13th of September 2007. The day the BBC reported that the
Northern Rock bank was in trouble. - The 8th of May 2009. The day
The Daily Telegraph began to publish details of MPs' expense
claims. - The 1st of February 2017. The day the House of Commons
voted to invoke Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union.
The 'missile with a man in it' was known for its blistering speed
and deadliness in air combat. The F-104C flew more than 14,000
combat hours in Vietnam as a bomber escort, a Wild Weasel escort
and a close air support aircraft. Though many were sceptical of its
ability to carry weapons, the Starfighter gave a fine account of
itself in the close air support role. It was also well known that
the enemy were especially reluctant to risk their valuable and
scarce MiGs when the F-104 was escorting bombers over North Vietnam
or flying combat air patrols nearby. The missions were not without
risk, and 14 Starfighters were lost during the war over a two-year
period. This was not insignificant considering that the USAF only
had one wing of these valuable aircraft at the time, and wartime
attrition and training accidents also took quite a bite from the
inventory.
While the F-105 Thunderchief and F-4 Phantom got most of the glory
and publicity during the war in Vietnam, the Lockheed F-104
Starfighter was not given much chance of surviving in a 'shooting
war'. In the event, it did that and much more. Although built in
small numbers for the USAF, the F-104C fought and survived for
almost three years in Vietnam. Like its predecessor the F-100, the
Starfighter was a mainstay of Tactical Air Command and Air Defence
Command, with whom it served with distinction as an air superiority
fighter and point defence interceptor. This small, tough and very
fast fighter, dubbed 'The Missile with a Man in It', was called
upon to do things it was not specifically designed for, and did
them admirably. Among these were close air support and armed
reconnaissance using bombs, rockets and other armaments hung from
its tiny wings, as well as its 20 mm Vulcan cannon, firing 6000
rounds per minute. The jet participated in some of the most famous
battles of the war, including the legendary Operation "Bolo," in
which seven North Vietnamese MiGs went down in flames with no US
losses. Even as it was fighting in Vietnam, the Starfighter was
being adopted by no fewer than six NATO air forces as well as Japan
and Nationalist China. It was later procured by Jordan, Turkey and
Pakistan. The latter nation took the Starfighter to war with India
twice in the 1960s, and it also saw combat with Taiwan.
The story of the Starfighter in Vietnam is one of tragedy and of
ultimate vindication. For decades the F-104's contribution to the
air war in Vietnam was downplayed and its role as a ground attack
machine minimised. Only in recent years has that assessment been
re-evaluated, and the facts prove the Starfighter to have been able
to do its job as well or better than some of the other tactical
aircraft sent to the theatre for just that purpose.
Beginning in 1950, the Korean War was a defining moment for the UN
and the entirety of the early Cold War, widening the already
monumental gulf between the east and west, capitalist and
communist. This supplement for Bolt Action expands the rules-set
from its World War II roots to this new, and truly modern,
conflict. Bolt Action: Korea contains all the rules, Theatre Lists,
scenarios, and new and exciting units, never seen in Bolt Action
before, to wargame this turbulent period of world history.
Journalists began to call the Korean War "the Forgotten War" even
before it ended. Without a doubt, the most neglected story of this
already-neglected war is that of African Americans who served just
two years after Harry S. Truman ordered the desegregation of the
military. Twice Forgotten draws on oral histories of Black Korean
War veterans to recover the story of their contributions to the
fight, the reality that the military& desegregated in fits and
starts, and how veterans' service fits into the long history of the
Black freedom struggle. This collection of seventy oral histories,
drawn from across the country, features interviews conducted by the
author and his colleagues for their 2003 American Radio Works
documentary, Korea: The Unfinished War, which examines the conflict
as experienced by the approximately 600,000 Black men and women who
served. It also includes narratives from other sources, including
the Library of Congress's visionary Veterans History Project. In
their own voices, soldiers and sailors and flyers tell the story of
what it meant, how it felt, and what it cost them to fight for the
freedom abroad that was too often denied them at home.
The Taliban are synonymous with the war in Afghanistan. Doughty,
uncompromising fighters, they plant IEDs, deploy suicide bombers
and wage guerrilla warfare. While much has been written about their
military tactics, media strategy and harsh treatment of women, the
cultural and sometimes less overtly political representation of
their identity, the Taliban's other face, is often overlooked. Most
Taliban fighters are Pashtuns, a people who cherish their vibrant
poetic tradition, closely associated with that of song. The poems
in this collection are meant to be recited and sung; and this is
the manner in which they are enjoyed by the wider Pashtun public
today. From audiotapes traded in secret in the bazaars of Kandahar,
to mp3s exchanged via bluetooth in Kabul, to video files downloaded
in Dubai and London, Taliban poetry has an appeal that transcends
the insurgency. For the Taliban today, these poems, or ghazals,
have a resonance back to the 1980s war against the Soviets, when
similar rhetorical styles, poetic formulae and tricks with metre
inspired mujahideen combatants and non-combatants alike. The poetry
presented here includes 'classics' of the genre from the 1980s and
1990s as well as a selection from the odes and ghazals of today's
conflict . Veering from nationalist paeans to dirges replete with
religious symbolism, the poems are organised under four headings -
- War, Pastoral, Religious and Love - - and cover many themes and
styles. The political is intertwined with the aesthetic, the
celebratory cry is never far from the funeral dirge and praise of
martyrs lost. Two prefatory essays introduce the cultural and
historical context of the poetry. The editors discuss its
importance to the Pashtuns and highlight how poetic themes
correspond to the past thirty years of war in Afghanistan. Faisal
Devji comments on what the poetry reveals of the Taliban's
emotional and ethical hinterland.
War in Afghanistan will never be understood without getting to
grips with the small places - the provinces, districts, and
villages - where most of the fighting occurred, away from the
cities, in hundreds of hamlets, valleys, and farms amid a vast
landscape. Those small places and their people were the frontlines,
and it is only there that we can truly find answers to the
questions that lay at the heart of the war: why people supported
the Taliban, whether intervention brought peace, whether a better
outcome was ever possible. Garmser is a small place that has seen
much violence; a single district within one of Afghanistan's 34
provinces. Its 150,000 people inhabit a fertile strip along the
Helmand River no more than 6 miles wide and 45 miles long. Carter
Malkasian spent years in Garmser district as the political officer
for the US Department of State. He tells the history of thirty
years of war, from 1979 to 2012, explaining how the Taliban
movement formed in Garmser; how, after being routed in 2001, they
re- turned stronger than ever in 2006; and how Afghans, British,
and Americans fought with them between 2006 and 2012. He describes
the lives of Afghans who endured and tried to build some kind of
order out of war. While Americans and British came and went, they
carried on, year after year, inhabitants of a small place.
Beyond the Legend is the authorised biography of William (Bill)
Speakman,who was awarded one of only four Victoria Crosses for
action in the Korean War. It covers his sometimes controversial
life, from his childhood in Altrincham, Cheshire, to his later life
in South Africa - about which little has been known previously.
Authors Derek Hunt and John Mulholland also explore the myth of the
'beer bottle VC' (in which Speakman was said to have fended off the
Chinese Communist Army by throwing empty beer bottles at them after
they ran out of grenades), bringing to light what really happened
on United Hill in November 1951. Speakman held the attacking
Chinese army at bay for over four hours and led a final charge that
allowed his company to withdraw from the hill. After Korea, he saw
active service in Malaya, Borneo and Aden before retiring from the
army, with the rank of sergeant, in 1968. Bill Speakman is one of
only two surviving VC holders of the British Army and a true
British hero.
Tells the full story of the man who fought three of the world's
great powers-and won. Cecil B. Currey makes clear one primary
reason why America lost the Vietnam War: Vo Nguyen Giap. He has
written the definitive biography of one of history's greatest
generals.
Warlords are charismatic military leaders who exploit weak central
authorities in order to gain control of sub-national areas.
Notwithstanding their bad reputation, warlords have often
participated in state formation. In Empires of Mud Giustozzi
analyses the dynamics of warlordism in Afghanistan within the
context of such debates. He approaches this complex task by first
analysing aspects of the Afghan environment that might have been
conductive to the fragmentation of central authority and the
emergence of warlords and then accounts for the emergence of
warlordism in the 1980s and subsequently. He accounts for the
phenomenon from the 1980s to today, considering Afghanistan's two
foremost warlords, Ismail Khan and Abdul Rashid Dostum, and their
political, economic, and military systems of rule. Despite the
intervention of Allied forces in 2001, both of these leaders
continue to wield considerable power. The author also discusses
Ahmad Shah Massoud, whose 'system' incorporated elements of rule
not dissimilar from that of the warlords. Giustozzi reveals common
themes in the emergence of warlordism, particularly the role of
local military leaders and their gradual acquisition of 'class
consciousness,' which over time evolves into a more sophisticated,
state-like, or political party-like, structure.
There is a widespread belief that the Taliban and al-Qaeda are in
many respects synonymous, that their ideology and objectives are
closely intertwined and that they have made common cause against
the West for decades. Such opinions have been stridently supported
by politicians, media pundits and senior military figures, yet they
have hardly ever been scrutinised. This is all the more surprising
given that the West's present entanglement in Afghanistan is
commonly predicated on the need to defeat the Taliban in order to
forestall further terrorist attacks worldwide. The relationship
between the two groups and the individuals who established them is
undeniably complex, and has remained so for many years. Links
between the Taliban and al-Qaeda were retained in the face of a
shared enemy following the invasion of Afghanistan after the
September 11 attacks, an adversary that was selected by al-Qaeda
rather than by the Taliban, and which led the latter to become
entangled in a war that was not of its choosing. This book is the
first to examine in detail the relationship from the Taliban's
perspective based on Arabic, Dari and Pashtu sources, drawing on
the authors' many years experience in southern Afghanistan, the
Taliban's heartland. They also interviewed Taliban decision-makers,
field commanders and ordinary fighters while immersing themselves
in Kandahar's society. Van Linschoten and Kuehn's forensic
examination of the evolution of the two groups allows the
background and historical context that informed their respective
ideologies to come to the fore. The story of those individuals who
were to become their key decision-makers, and the relationships
among all those involved, from the mid-1990s onwards, reveal how
complex the interactions were between the Taliban and al-Qaeda and
how they frequently diverged rather than converged. An Enemy We
Created concludes that there is room to engage the Taliban on the
issues of renouncing al-Qaeda and guaranteeing that Afghanistan
will deny sanctuary to international terrorists. Yet the insurgency
is changing, and it could soon be too late to find a political
solution. The authors contend that certain aspects of the campaign,
especially night raids and attempts to fragment and decapitate the
Taliban, are transforming the resistance, creating more
opportunities for al-Qaeda and helping it to attain its goals.
Postwar Journeys: American and Vietnamese Transnational Peace
Efforts since 1975 tells the story of the dynamic roles played by
ordinary American and Vietnamese citizens in their postwar quest
for peace-an effort to transform their lives and their societies.
Hang Thi Thu Le-Tormala deepens our understanding of the Vietnam
War and its aftermath by taking a closer look at postwar Vietnam
and offering a fresh analysis of the effects of the war and what
postwar reconstruction meant for ordinary citizens. This thoughtful
exploration of US-Vietnam postwar relations through the work of US
and Vietnamese civilians expands diplomatic history beyond its
rigid conventional emphasis on national interests and political
calculations as well as highlights the possibilities of
transforming traumatic experiences or hostile attitudes into
positive social change. Le-Tormala's research reveals a wealth of
boundary-crossing interactions between US and Vietnamese citizens,
even during the times of extremely restricted diplomatic relations
between the two nation-states. She brings to center stage citizens'
efforts to solve postwar individual and social problems and bridges
a gap in the scholarship on the US-Vietnam relations. Peace efforts
are defined in their broadest sense, ranging from searching for
missing family members or friends, helping people overcome the
ordeals resulting from the war, and meeting or working with former
opponents for the betterment of their societies. Le-Tormala's
research reveals how ordinary US and Vietnamese citizens were
active historical actors who vigorously developed cultural ties and
promoted mutual understanding in imaginative ways, even and
especially during periods of governmental hostility. Through
nonprofit organizations as well as cultural and academic exchange
programs, trailblazers from diverse backgrounds promoted mutual
understanding and acted as catalytic forces between the two
governments. Postwar Journeys presents the powerful stories of love
and compassion among former adversaries; their shared experiences
of a brutal war and desire for peace connected strangers, even
opponents, of two different worlds, laying the groundwork for
US-Vietnam diplomatic normalization.
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