In "Technology and Industrial Growth in Pre-War Japan," Yukiko Fukasaku examines development in Japan in the pre-War period, and views the achievements of this period as central to the present competitiveness of the country's industrial technology. She gives particular emphasis to the crucial role played by training and research in the accumulation of technological capability and the assimilation of imported technology.
Fukasaku shows that successful technology transfer and improvements to the imported technology made possible by research and role-training formed the basis of the great technological success of post-war Japan. She uses the Mitsubishi Nagasaki shipyard as a case study, looking at technological innovation and training as the key to long-term stability and economic success.
This study has important implications for industrial development worldwide. Japan's starting point over a century ago was similar to the present conditions of many developing countries, and the book's emphasis on the acquisition of better skills as a key to development worldwide is as relevant to the United States and Europe as it is to the Third World.

Concept of the Corporation was the first study ever of the constitution, structure, and internal dynamics of a major business enterprise. Basing his work on a two-year analysis of the company done during the closing years of World War II, Drucker looks at the General Motors managerial organization from within. He tries to understand what makes the company work so effectively, what its core principles are, and how they contribute to its successes. The themes this volume addresses go far beyond the business corporation, into a consideration of the dynamics of the so-called corporate state itself.

When the book initially appeared, General Motors managers rejected it as unfairly critical and antibusiness. Yet, the GM concept of the corporation and its principles of organization later became models for organizations worldwide. Not only businesses, but also government agencies, research laboratories, hospitals, and universities have found in Concept of the Corporation a basis for effective organization and management.

Because it offers a fundamental theory of corporate goals, this book is a valuable resource for business professionals and organization analysts. It will also be of interest to students and professionals in economics, public administration, and political science. Professional and technical readers who admire Peter Drucker's work will want to be certain this volume is in their personal library. At a time when everything from the size to the structure of corporations is being questioned, this classic should prove a valuable guide.

Reissuing works originally published between 1929 and 1991, this collection of 17 volumes presents a variety of considerations on Econometrics, from introductions to specific research works on particular industries. With some volumes on models for macroeconomics and international economies, this is a widely interesting set of economic texts. Input/Output methods and databases are looked at in some volumes while others look at Bayesian techniques, linear and non-linear models. This set will be of use to those in industry and business studies, geography and sociology as well as politics and economics.

This updated and expanded 1985 edition of the classic 1974 work covers deindustrialisation, industrial and competition policy, the public enterprise sector, regional and urban policy, and privatisation, as well as focussing on the firm and the industrial sector in all its facets. It remains the key work on industrial economics.

This book, first published in 1945, is based primarily on some fifty regional reports submitted to the Government between 1941 and 1943. The original reports, condensed and brought together in this volume, were for the most part prepared by members of university departments of economics or geography.

This book, first published in 1984, is the first systematic attempt in English to produce an analytical as well as a descriptive outline of the operations, management and role of the Soviet industrial enterprise. The microeconomics of central planning is a relatively neglected area of analysis with most effort being directed towards the theory of economic incentives. This book fills that gap by presenting an integrated view of the theory of the socialist firm. It concentrates on the day-to-day activities of the Soviet enterprise, and uses a wealth of unused Soviet data to project its findings.

Over the past several years, productivity improvement has become an increasingly vital economic issue for economies and individual firms. This book, first published in 1996, examines empirically relationships between changes in catalyst financial commitments (ie, research and development projects and capital improvements) and productivity/profitability changes, and relationships between productivity changes and profitability changes in selected manufacturing industries and companies.

Large industrial enterprises are an important phenomena in advanced Western economies. They control large percentages of total industrial assets, employ millions of workers and together with their dependent satellite firms produce their own spatial patterns of employment, location of production capacity and flow of material and information, and thus dominate the economic base of whole towns. This study, first published in 1980, surveys a massive amount of work on large industrial firms, and features an in-depth study of the growth of large industrial enterprises in the UK brewing industry from 1951-76. This illustrates many of the themes discussed in the book.

This book, first published in 1947, sets out to describe what co-operative research is, how it is organised and in what way it contributes to a variety of problems around the globe. The need for scientific research can often be beyond a single company; co-operative research can provide the people, materials and money on a scale that is otherwise lacking. The book looks at the scope of co-operative research internationally, with chapters focusing on the UK and US, as well as the rest of the world.

Many large companies and business owners have experienced failures. In an attempt to grow their companies and keep up with the demands of consumers, businesses like Sony, Ford, and Frito-Lay took risks that crash-landed instead of paying off. Learn about some of the biggest business blunders that companies have made with this informational text that is packed with fun facts, fascinating sidebars, and high-interest content. Featuring TIME content and images, this nonfiction book has text features such as a glossary, an index, and a table of contents to engage students in reading as they build their comprehension, vocabulary, and reading skills. The Reader's Guide and extended Try It! activity increase understanding of the material, and develop higher-order thinking. Check It Out! offers print and online resources for additional reading. Keep students reading from cover to cover with this captivating text!

This collection of essays is devoted to the industrial history of England and France in the 18th century and concentrates in particular on transfers of technology between them. There are specific studies of technical transfer in the steel, glass and hardware industries, and on the place of the skills of the workmen in the diffusion of technology. Industrial espionage, too, early had its place, and one essay investigates why it was resorted to and how it was carried out. In the new introductory chapter, John Harris surveys the rise of a new range of technologies in England, based on dramatic increase in the use of coal, and emphasises that this was basic to British industrial leadership and a main reason for her expertise being desired abroad. Throughout, the part played by individuals - from inventors and entrepreneurs to managers, ministers and skilled workers - is regarded as essential to the process of industrial development. Ce recueil est voue A l'histoire industrielle de l'Angleterre et de la France au 18e siecle et se concentre plus particulierement sur les transferts de technologie entre les deux pays. Certaines etudes traitent specifiquement des echanges techniques dans l'industrie de l'acier et celle du verre, ainsi que de l'importance de la competence des ouvriers quant A la diffusion de la technologie. L'espionage industriel, qui lui aussi a rapidement vu jour, fait le sujet d'un article enquAtant sur sa raison d'Atre et les methodes employees. Dans le nouveau chapA (R)tre d'introduction, John Harris evalue l'essor d'un nouvel eventail de technologie en Angleterre, base sur l'augmentation dramatique de la consommation de charbon; il insiste que ce fait etait A la base de la preponderance industrielle britannique et l'une des raisons principales pour lesquelles son expertise etait si recherchee A l'etranger. Le rAle joue par l'individu - de l'inventeur A l'administrateur en passant par les e

This title was first published in 2000: This text offers a comprehensive collection of selected papers from the 24th Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys (CIRET) conference. Areas selected include leading indicators and turning points, classifications of business cycles, survey data and policy decisions, attitudes and behaviour of firms, and economic forecasting. The text aims to be of interest to all those concerned with the use of business and consumer surveys in a global context.

This report, first published in 1996, argues that radical changes in industrial organization and its relationship to society tend to arise in rapidly industrializing countries, and that new principles of sustainable production are more likely to bear fruit in developing than in developed countries. The rising tide of investment by multinational firms - who bring managerial, organizational and technological expertise - is a major resource for achieving this. Developing countries could steer such investment towards environmental goals through coherent and comprehensive policies for sustainable development.

This study, originally published in 1972, examines the connections between human society and the rest of the universe that are attributable to economic activity. These include the inputs from the environment to industry, such as oxygen, used in the combustion of mineral fuels. Also included are the industrial outputs which are fed back into the environment in the form of waste products. An attempt will be made to establish functional relations between the extent and character of economic activity and the flow of materials in both directions between the economy and the environment. This title will be of interest to students of environmental and natural resource economics.

Although Imperial Germany was begun before the United States entered World War I, little in the book however relates to that particular conflict. Rather, this is in large part a study of the divergencies in cultural development between the English-speaking peoples and the German-speaking peoples, and of the consequences this produced in economic and social spheres. Suppressed by war censors, Imperial Germany was again released after the war, and has assumed a place as a major contribution to economics and sociology alike.

The comments on the book have scarcely been altered by time. Charles A. Beard noted that "Veblen wrote for the centuries, not for the days, and his Imperial Germany ranks with his immortal Theory of Business Enterprise." Wesley C. Mitchell, reflecting on the book during World War II, wrote that "the natural causes that made Imperial Germany efficient are still at work under the Nazi regime, and the forecast that proved sound once may do so again." Lewis Mumford called Imperial Germany "still the best picture of the residual barbarisms in German civilization; the soil out of which Nazism grew."

This new edition is graced with a brilliant and insightful opening essay that is at once a commentary on Veblen's volume, and a statement of the historic status of the German economy and society. Written by Otto G. Mayer, director in a leading German "Think Tank," HWWA-Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung-Hamburg, editor of Intereconomics, a journal issued in English, and an author of major policy statements on economic and social issues, the new opening statement underscores the view of those who came before, that Veblen's book is "a treasure chest of knowledge."

Originally published in 1952. This book addresses one of the most pressing problems in town planning - the proper place of industry in our towns. The author writes from the standpoint of a town planner who realizes that factories are just as important as houses and schools, and that if industry does not prosper, all our schemes for urban reconstruction must fail through the lack of the necessary resources. In the course of his research he has visited hundreds of factories to get the necessary facts at first hand. Almost as a by-product he describes in simple terms the manufacture of such varied objects (to paraphrase Lewis Carroll) as "ships and needles and silverware; chocolates and glue." Plenty of photographs of industrial buildings in Britain and abroad are included, which show how great an architectural transformation is possible, and that an industrial area can become one of the showplaces of a town.

Originally published in 1977. This book provides an introduction to some of the more important techniques of regional analysis - techniques derived from geographical, regional economic and regional science theory - and describes the way some of these techniques have been applied in the identification of problems, development of strategy and evaluation of regional programmes. The theory and applications of methods of regional analysis are integrated with the use of examples taken from the USA, the UK and Canada. The author introduces the problems which are encountered in the field of regional analysis, describes some of the analytical tools, beginning with the fundamental model of the economic base approach, and then examines regional flows and the applicability of international trade theory to interregional trade. Considering the shortcomings of the aggregated base approach, input-output analysis is also examined.

Multinational enterprises play a vital role in the economic activity of most developing countries. In India MNE affiliates dominate whole sectors of industry - such as plastics and pharmaceuticals - characterised by a high degree of product differentiation, complex technology and high skill intensity. Such advantages, combined with intangible assets, centralised decision making and global outlook lead to a divergence of approach between MNEs and their local counterparts in host developing countries.
This book analyses the inter-industry pattern of MNEs in India in the framework of the internationalisation theory, also examining the comparative behaviour of MNE affiliates and LCEs in terms of conduct and performance. The book goes further to explain the different performance of these two strategic groups by assessing profit and export.

Contents:
1. Agrarian Policies in China, Vietnam, Mongolia and Cuba Karl-Eugen Wädekin 2. The Chinese Model and the Future of Rural-Urban Development Claude Aubert 3. Socialist Agriculture Outside Europe: New Ways in Mongolian Agriculture Guenter Jaehne, Justus Liegig University, Giessen 4. Cuba: A Unique Variant of Soviet-Type Agriculture Peter Gey 5. Vietnamese Agriculture: Changing Property Rights in a Mature Collectivised Agriculture Adam Fforde, QEH, Oxford University

Mining has played a key role in the growth of many towns in South Africa. This growth has been accompanied by a proliferation of informal settlements, by pressure to provide basic services and by institutional pressures in local government to support mining. Fragile municipal finance, changing social attributes, the pressures of shift-work on mineworkers, the impact on the physical environment and perceived new inequalities between mineworkers, contract workers and original inhabitants have further complicated matters. Mining growth has however also led to substantial local economic benefits to existing business and it has contributed to a mushrooming of new enterprises.

While the relationship between mining and economic development at the country level has received adequate attention in existing literature, less is known about the consequences of mining at the local level. This book investigates the local impacts of mining in South Africa, focusing on employment, inequality, housing, business development, worker well-being, governance, municipal finance, planning and the environment.

Taking an interdisciplinary approach, Mining and Community in South Africa will be of interest to scholars of South Africa, economic development, labour and industry, politics and planning.

Table of Contents

Part I

1. The background to the Postmasburg study

2. The literature on mining communities and mining growth and decline

3. Migration and mine labour in South Africa

Part II: Governance, planning, the environment and power

4. The Tsassamba Committee

5. Spatial planning for Postmasburg

6. Government, mining and community relations

7. Mining and municipal finance

8. Environmental legislation, mining and ecosystems

Part III: To own or to rent?

9. Mineworker housing

10. The Khumani approach to homeownership in Postmasburg

IV: Working and doing business

11. Work, wages and welfare in Postmasburg

12. Psychological well-being on the mine

13. Businesses in Postmasburg: Tshipe e lokile (‘iron is good’) – but what about business?

Part V: Conclusion

14. The way forward for Postmasburg

Over the past seven decades-since the 1949 Revolution-every aspect of Chinese society has been profoundly transformed multiple times. No sector has experienced more tumultuous twists and turns than industry. The eight articles contained in this volume examine these twists and turns, focusing on those aspects of industrial relations that involve contention and power, that is, factory politics. They were selected among articles that have appeared in the Chinese journal Open Times ( ) over the past decade. Because Open Times has a well-earned reputation for publishing diverse viewpoints, it has been able to attract some of the very best scholarship in China.

This book addresses the widespread concern regarding British industry's ability to compete internationally. Through an analysis of the UK automotive components sector, the author examines the central issues at the core of the competitiveness debate and outlines why there has been such a widespread and severe decline in the performance of British manufacturing. It draws on findings from visits to thirty British manufacturers and also to thirty overseas manufacturers in Germany, the USA and Japan, matched on a product basis to allow comparisons and a genuine international perspective.

The author concludes that competitive decline is due, in part, to a weakness in the strategic management capability of many UK companies, and also to the lack of adequate co-ordination and co-operation between customer and supplier industries. Dr Carr identifies the remaining areas of vulnerability and priorities for action, and finally considers the implications for Britain's overall competitiveness.

This theoretical and empirical study examines the relationship between the organisation of work, industrial relations, production spaces and the dynamics of capitalist investment. Jamie Gough explores the connections between labour process change, products, local economy and society, spaces and forms of competition, and firm's locational strategies. In a path-breaking analysis he shows that these are closely bound up with the business cycle and other rhythms of investment. Differences within the labour process are central to the argument. Gough explores the divisions between workers arising from these differences and from spatial flows of capital, and suggests strategies through which these divisions might be overcome.

Hardbound. This handbook serves as a source, reference, and teaching supplement for industrial organization (or industrial economics), the broad field within microeconomics that focuses on business behavior and its implications both for market structures and processes, and for public policies towards them. Comprehensive and up-to-date surveys are provided of recent developments and the state of knowledge in the major areas of research in this field as of the latter part of the 1980's, written at a level suitable for use by non-specialist economists and students on advanced graduate courses. Each chapter can be read independently, although they are organized into sections.For more information on the Handbooks in Economics series, please see our home page on http: //www.elsevier.nl/locate/he