European market integration was originally seen as the way to overcome national enmities in the wake of World War II. Over time, it acquired the purpose of social melioration as well. Today, the advanced market societies are richer than they have ever been, yet each is driven by social and economic divisions as some groups thrive while others lose ground. The tension between the social demand for equity and security, and the market's drive to burst the bonds of state regulation both internally and at the border post, has taken on new complexity. It is this issue that underlies domestic political struggles over privatisation, safety-net programmes, immigration policies and trade agreements. Will European Union survive the stresses of high employment and the strains of German unification? These are some of the questions Dusan Pokorny considers in this second volume of his exploration of the efficiency-justice conundrum.

There was much development of both education and industry in post-World War II Britain. There was, on the one hand, an extension of public education to the secondary school stage and the substantial financial help that was available, which meant that increasing numbers were going to university. On the other, there had been immense advances in scientific and technical knowledge and its application to industry. These advances in industry produced an increase in the demand for trained graduates. This book, first published in 1957, examines this correlation, and provides guidance for both graduates and hiring managers. This title will be of interest to students of human resource management and business studies.

This book, first published in 1982, closely examines the Japanese investment in the industries of its puppet state Manchuria in the years 1930 to 1945. Attention is paid to industrial capital by source and type, facilitating the analysis of the relationship between the different investment components on one hand, and economic and institutional factors on the other. The course of inflation is also traced and its relationship to industrial investment studied. The Manchurian experience throws light on the volume of capital available through inflationary processes, the point up to which inflationary financing can successfully be carried, and the institutional factors necessary to make such a policy effective in increasing real investment.

This book provides a variety of answers in its description and discussion of new, sometimes radical approaches to usability evaluation', now an increasingly common business tool. It contains new thinking of the subject of usability evaluation in industry. Contributions come from those involved in the practice of industry-based usability evaluation as well as those involved in related research activity. The chapters are derived from and developed from presentations and discussions at the invited international seminar Usability Evaluation in Industry', and give a leading edge overview of current usability practice in industry - identifying those issues of concern and approaches to tackling these.
Key Features:
* Provides a comprehensive overview of current practice
* International examples
* Contains practical examples of ergonomics at work and gives clear ideas of what does and doesn't work under industrial constraints

The Deepwater Horizon catastrophe is shaping up to be the largest offshore oil spill in history and an ecological nightmare of epic proportions. "Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills" is intended to aid in the response of this tragic disaster by providing, in one volume, information to rapidly orient response workers. It outlines the toxic nature of crude oil, covering properties of crude oil, chemical composition, toxicity to humans and marine life, and investigates the impact of oil spills from historical case studies. The current arsenals available to address oil spills, such as dispersants, absorbing booms, skinning, and other methods are also discussed. Technologies which are rapidly being developed to address the Gulf Oil Spill are considered, alongside with extensive information on chemical protective clothing, air monitoring, respiratory protection, management of waste, and much more. The book concludes with a chapter discussing responsible care and takes a critical look at the reasons why the Deepwater Horizon Rig catastrophe happened and the failure of British Petroleum to act in a responsible manner.

The Agony of Education is about the life experience of African American students attending a historically white university. Based on seventy-seven interviews conducted with black students and parents concerning their experiences with one state university, as well as published and unpublished studies of the black experience at state universities at large, this study captures the painful choices and agonizing dilemmas at the heart of the decisions African Americans must make about higher education.

This collection of previously unpublished articles addresses in a comprehensive fashion the 1990s' question of whether the industrial model of human progress can be sustained in the long run. It analyzes the social, political. economic, and environmental implications as well as potential solutions to the problem of resource-intensive growth. Twenty experts consider matters on a global scale, focusing on institutional and value issues, international issues such as Global North vs. Global South, and the debate between growth and development.

This book looks at the experience of 13 leading-edge European companies, drawn from the manufacturing, services and health sectors. It shows how organisation has been the key to their productivity growth. It also shows that whilst Europe has much to learn from Japan and the USA, there is a distinctive European approach to organisational expertise. This has important implications for strategic policy, in these institutions themselves, but also in government at both the national and local levels. Here, too, as the case studies show, Europe has considerable expertise on which the production sector can grow.

The Prospects of Industrial Civilization provides a rare glimpse into areas of Russell's political thought which are often ignored. Written with Dora Black (who became Russell's second wife) on a trip to China in 1920, it is revealing both as a period piece and as a book for our times. Russell criticises his own age, and demonstrates how humanity perpetually struggles against the centralising forces of industrialism and nationalism. He views industrialism as a threat to human freedom, as it creates large populations which have to be subject to controls and he likens Bolshevik Russia to Cromwell's England, asserting that both were dictatorships designed to force an essentially feudal society to adopt industrialism. He sees industrialism and nationalism as fundamentally linked and proposes one government for the whole world as a solution. Russell is not blind to the positive side of industrialism; without machines an economy of subsistence would be the best for which society could hope, but argues that the global village and prevailing political democracy should be its eventual results.

A study of environmental degradation, this work presents the environmental problems of South Korea. The effects of rapid industrialisation and modernisation are documented along with the choices and actions which are available to the country.

A study of environmental degradation, this work presents the environmental problems of South Korea. The effects of rapid industrialisation and modernisation are documented along with the choices and actions which are available to the country.

With its unique mix of theory, historical discussion, case studies, and contemporary analysis, this book provides a complete and detailed comprehension of the business environment in Central America, with a focus specifically on Guatemala. Identifying the key drivers of Central America economic growth and development, it outlines what must be done to take advantage of the opportunities as Guatemala moves into the future. This book will serve as a valuable resource for IB scholars and students seeking to learn more about the changing focus and interests of Central America, and the implications and opportunities this poses for global business interests.

Location is vital to the efficiency and profitability of industrial activity. Industrial Location presents a comprehensive introduction to and critical review of this field of growing academic and business interest.
In business, the right choices have to be made to produce profit. Industrial location is a fixed investment, crucial to the strategy and capital investment of any organization. Location also impacts upon non-investors, directly affecting employment, the environment, and economic activity in the locale.
Focusing chiefly on the United States, but drawing on an international range of cases, the authors explain the economic, social and political forces which have shaped comtemporary patterns of industrialization and examines the changing nature of production and systems.

Modern European economic history is marked by an endeavor to transcend the traditional national case study approach, to use comparisons and to deploy economic theory in order to draw the manifold and diverse experiences of the regions, countries and multicultural empires of Europe onto a unified frame of reference. These two volumes exemplify this modern approach. This Volume 5, of the eleven part set entitled" Industrial Revolutions" contains thirteen papers, with an introduction, which adopt and apply a conceptual and explicitly comparative approach to European economic history as a whole. Volume 5 includes sixteen national case studies, again organized around or set within the context of theoretical principles and ideas derived largely from macroeconomic theory, social accounting, productivity measurement and regional analysis.

The British Economy in Transition: From the Old to the New? examines attempts at economic regeneration in areas that have experienced the decline in 'traditional' industry of recent years. The contributors also look at the impact of techno and managerial modernization strategies in industries that have survived, but have had to adapt rapidly to do so. Coverage includes:
* Coal
* Steel closure and economic regeneration
* Defence conversion
* Modernizing textiles
* Modernizing motor vehicles
* Trading ports in Merseyside
* From manufacturing to sevice industries in the Midlands
* the Engineering industry - prospects in the South East
* Deindustrialization and regeneration in the North East
Each industry is discussed by an expert in this area. The book will be a valuable guide to all those interested in change in British industry and business.

The gap between western and Japanese business cultures in particular, and cross-cultural exchange in general, must be bridged further, as the pressure to extend commercial, political and cultural links continues to grow at an accelerated rate.

After years of official disrepute, industrial policy (IP) is back in vogue at regional, national and international levels driven by concerns over competitiveness, globalisation, de-industrialisation, unemployment and the comparatively slow growth of the EU economy especially in this post-recession phase. At the same time, IP has been seen as a catalyst for designing economic recovery strategies at regional, national and international levels, as well as being a concerted strategy to develop new 'clean-tech' industries to tackle environmental challenges. If anything, the recent global recession and credit crunch have highlighted the fragility of some states' and localities' economic development paths and the unbalanced nature of their economies, in terms of an over-reliance on sectors such as retail, financial services, and construction, to the detriment of manufacturing. This also suggests an accompanying need for greater economic diversity so as to avoid over-dependencies on certain sectors, and a better balance of ownerships forms. But what should be the shape of IP in the wake of the crisis and how can IP rebalance economies, help support sustainable development and catalyse new technologies and innovations whilst learning lessons from past experience and debate? This edited volume examines these questions through a wide range of diverse contributions from expert international authors. This book was originally published as a special issue of Policy Studies.

The recognised success of the post-war Japanese economy has rested on the qualities of its manufacturing industries. This book explores the origins, rationale, and consequences of this transformation. Using theoretical insights and detailed evidence, it reviews the rise of the Japanese economy and the nature, causes, and changing objectives of vertical and horizontal integration; ownership, control, financing and bank-industry relations; and the major operational functions of production, human resources, distribution and marketing.

In a balanced and readable account, this book explains how international, domestic, economic and political factors interrelated to shape the world of modern industry in the thirty years before it was originally published in 1987. It conveys some of the richness and diversity in the political and economic landscape of modern industries and provides a real-world background for the theory of economics and business. Drawing on the work of business analysts and industry specialists, as well as of economists and political scientists, it treats the subject in terms of applied economics in an empirical and practical perspective. After tracing the post-war development of manufacturing up to the mid-1980s, the same approach is applied to specific industries: steel, automobiles, consumer electronics, semiconductors, computers, automated machinery and textiles. Two themes are stressed throughout: industrial growth and development have become truly international, if not global; and most manufacturing takes place under oligopolistic conditions in a world of state intervention and pressure-group activities.

Discusses the causes of economic achievement in the leading East Asian countries in relation to the Porter thesis which links economic success with the capabilities of indigenous industrial clusters. Contributors review Porter's evidence on Japan and South Korea, extending the debate to Singapore, H

The Industrial Revolution is one of the most enduring and studied areas of economic history. This text takes an innovative look at this much discussed subject in order to stimulate interest and elicit new responses. It studies: the way the classical economists viewed natural resources as a constraint on rapid and sustained growth; how the Industrial Revolution might have appeared when looking forwards from the Middle Ages rather than the usual retrospective view; what can be expected from growth rate calculations that have a substantially subjective basis; what contribution can be made to the living standard debated from an understanding of income distribution within the family; and what has been gained from these new explorations.

Was the Industrial Revolution Necessary? takes an innovative look at this much studied subject. The contributors ask new questions, explore new issues and use new data in order to stimulate interest and elicit new responses. By looking at it from such previously unexplored angles the book brings a new understanding to the Industrial Revolution and opens a new debate.

Much has been made of the post-war Japanese economic miracle. However, the origins of this spectacular success and its effect on the region can actually be traced back to an earlier period of Asian history. In "Japanese Industrialization and the Asian Economy", the authors examine the factors which contributed to the period of major industrialization from 1870 to 1940. They trace the roots of this growth back to 17th-century rivalry between Japan and China and describe how this acted as a spur to the expansion of Japanese manufacturing skills. They go on to examine how the development of the Asian market was an important pre-condition of Japanese economic growth but was, in turn, fostered by that growth. The volume comprises nine chapters by eminent economic historians. While the style is non-technical, details are backed up by diagrams and graphs. "Japanese Industrialization and the Asian Economy" offers a guide to the origins of economic dynamism in the Pacific Rim. Latham has also published "Decline and Recovery in Britain's Overseas Trade 1873-1914", with Platt and Ranald (Macmillan, 1993); and "The Market in History", with Anderson (Croom Helm, 1986).

The economic success of East Asia is often attributed to the relationship between state and business. This text presents a more balanced view of Korea's "industrial miracle". It examines the limits of a strong authoritarian state as a vehicle for intervening in the market or for sponsoring liberal reform, focusing on how state-controlled industrial adjustment in Korea has succeeded and failed. The work examines the unsuccessful state intervention in the heavy industry and chemical sectors, which led to the breakdown of the state-business governing coalition. It contrasts this with the successful transformation of these same industries in the 1970s. The unsuccessful attempts at liberalization during the mid-1980s led to the failure of many enterprises. Further insights into these limitations are provided by a comparison with state-industry relations in Japan and France.

Because of the potential ease with which transnational corporations can relocate, many governments have avoided direct attempts to intervene in their activities. Nonetheless, the major economies have adopted a wide range of policies towards transnational corporations. Some (Japan and France in particular) have been very concerned by the impact of such firms. Others (most notably Britain) have had a relatively relaxed attitude. This book offers an account of policy towards transnationals over the last 30 years or so. It features: detailed, up-to-date accounts of policy in Japan, France, Germany, the United States and Britain; the role of organizations other than governments, including trade unions, business and opposition parties; summaries of which issues have most concerned which countries overall characterizations of each country's policy stance. The result should appeal to those interested in industrial economics, international business, global political economy, and international law.