This is a methodical study of the material and mental limits and possibilities of transferring information and media traits among dissimilar media. Ellestroem proposes a model for pinpointing the most vital conceptual entities and stages in intermedial transfers involving different media types such as speech, writing, music, films, and websites.

This book examines the way in which the increasing internationalization of services, including the operation of multinationals in this sector, interacts with the process of innovation in services. The book challenges the theoretical traditions that have developed around the analysis of service innovation and internationalization, and argues for a new research agenda. The distinguished contributors address many of the most pertinent issues and adopt a variety of theoretical and empirical approaches to enrich the debates. In contrast to most other books on this topic, this volume pays particular attention to services that are knowledge or technology intensive. It elucidates the process of internationalization of such services (through trade and FDI) and stresses the important role it plays in the globalization of production, distribution and innovation. The book also highlights the significant implications service internationalization can have for the competitiveness of firms, regions and countries. The authors thoroughly evaluate trade and investment statistics in order to identify different modes of internationalization and the substantial cross-national differences that this reveals. They move on to examine the organizational structure of multinationals, the new international division of labour and the factors which can influence the location decisions of knowledge-intensive services. Using extensive survey data from a variety of different countries, they accurately identify the trends, characteristics and drivers which have acted as a catalyst for the increasing internationalization of knowledge-intensive services, as well as the obstacles which can hinder this process. Adopting a truly global perspective, this significant new volume will be of considerable interest to students, scholars and policymakers in the fields of international business, innovation and management.

The formal theory of bargaining originated with John Nash's work in the early 1950s. This book discusses two recent developments in this theory. The first uses the tool of extensive games to construct theories of bargaining in which time is modeled explicitly. The second applies the theory of bargaining to the study of decentralized markets. Rather than surveying the field, the authors present a select number of models, each of which illustrates a key point. In addition, they give detailed proofs throughout the book. It uses a small number of models, rather than a survey of the field, to illustrate key points, and includes detailed proofs given as explanations for the models. The text has been class-tested in a semester-long graduate course.

There is currently a popular view that the world is undergoing profound changes in the fundamental relationships upon which it is organised. In particular, there is widespread talk of a 'globalised' economy, facilitated by and associated with 'new' technologies and practices. There is a further consensus that within this 'globalised', 'new' economy, regionalisation in some form is important. The aim of this volume is to address these topical issues, presenting perspectives from which they can be analysed and exploring specific aspects in greater detail. The contributors provide a framework for understanding current trends, and suggest approaches that highlight appropriate ways forward in the context of both opportunities and dangers. In doing so, they discuss specific cases and explore detailed policy possibilities, including the prospect of stimulating change through multinational engagement and debate. The rigorous analysis and coherent nature of the book will ensure its appeal to researchers and scholars across a wide range of disciplines and topics, including industrial economics, regional science and globalisation.

This title considers the main similarities and differences in the industrialization processes of the major economies.

The prevailing view of industrialization has focussed on technology, capital, entrepreneurship and the institutions that enabled them to be deployed. Labour was often equated with other factors of production, and assigned a relatively passive role. Yet it was labour absorption and the improvement of the quality of labour over the course of several centuries that underscored the timing, pace and quality of global industrialization. While science and technology developed in the West and whereas the use of fossil fuels, especially coal and oil, were vital to this process, the more recent history has been underpinned by the development of comparatively resource- and energy-saving technology, without which the diffusion of industrialization would not have been possible. The labour-intensive, resource-saving path, which emerged in East Asia under the influence of Western technology and institutions, and is diffusing across the world, suggests the most realistic route humans could take for a further diffusion of industrialization, which might respond to the rising expectations of living standards without catastrophic environmental degradation.

This important book focuses on the idea that institutions matter for development, asking what lessons we have learned from past reform efforts, and what role lawyers can play in this field. What Makes Poor Countries Poor? provides a critical overview of different conceptions and theories of development, situating institutional theories within the larger academic debate on development. The book also discusses why, whether and how institutions matter in different fields of development. In the domestic sphere, the authors answer these questions by analyzing institutional reforms in the public (rule of law, political regimes, bureaucracy) and the private sectors (contracts, property rights, and privatization). In the international sphere, they discuss the importance of institutions for trade, foreign direct investment, and foreign aid. This book will be essential reading for those interested in a concise introduction to the academic debates in this field, as well as for students, practitioners and policy makers in law and development.

First published in 1984, this work explores the issues surrounding the industrialisation of the Third World at the beginning of the 1980s. The expectation that Newly Industrialising Countries would facilitate industrial growth via an outward-orientated strategy had begun to be the combination of growing recession, growing protectionism and the diffusion of radical microelectronics-related technical change. In addition, the high indebtedness of developing countries made them increasingly dependent on assistance from the IMF and IBRD, whose policies increased the tendency towards de-industrialisation. The papers in this volume explore all of these issues and their implication for LDC industrial strategy in the 1980s.

Local industrial clusters, such as Silicon Valley in the US, have become an important subject of scholarly inquiry. This text offers a unifying view by capturing the general characteristics and prerequisites of local industrial clusters both on a theoretical as well as an empirical level.

First published in 1984, this textbook analyses, at both aggregate and micro economic levels, the contemporary industrial conditions in Third World countries and relates this to the process of economic growth and structural transformation. Drawing upon both industrial and development economics, the authors offer a comprehensive and integrated treatment of the different levels of industrial analysis in less developed countries, alongside a wealth of comparative data on industrial structure, business concentration and behaviour, and industrial policies in a cross-section of countries in Africa, Asia, the Far East and Latin America.

First published in 1989, this book focuses upon the phenomenon of export-led industrialisation fuelled by foreign investment and technology. He concentrates on Mexico, where US companies have been taking advantage of inexpensive labour to establish "maquila" factories that assemble US parts for export. Through this detailed study of the maquila industry, Sklair charts the progress from the political imperialism of colonial days to the economic imperialism of today.

This remarkable book examines how the economic power of Britain and the US limits the opportunities for small states to develop. Following the history of the Atlantic economy since the 16th century, Denis O'Hearn shows how Ireland's repeated attempts to industrialize were frustrated by British and American power. After partition, Ireland tried to industrialize but was transformed into a platform for US companies seeking access to European markets. Irish attempts to follow the development paths of the wealthier Atlantic regions were limited by power structures, many of which were created when it was integrated into the Atlantic economy in the 16th and 17th centuries. Explaining the problems of economic growth and industrialization from the perspectives of both the developed and developing countries, this book addresses the most important question in developmental politics--how can a developing country emerge from a historical cycle of underdevelopment?

Presents a new perspective on the Industrial Revolution providing far more than just an account of industrial change. Looks at the development of the economic structures and includes chapters on financing the revolution, technological change, markets and demand, transport and food. The final section looks at economic change and its impact and includes chapters on demography, the household, families, authority and regulation, and the built environment. Providing a complete summary of the various debates in the literature on this period, making a strong case for re-introducing a regional approach to the history of the age. -- .

This book highlights the roles of inter-regional networks in regional economies to explore the drivers of sustained regional economic growth. Many industrialized countries are currently undergoing a period of population decline. To enhance sustainability in the regional economy, it is necessary to increase productivity and improve energy efficiency. This book provides new approaches to describing the economic effects of inter-regional networks, which are key to enhancing regional economic growth, using productivity analysis. In addition, it also furnishes considerable evidence on the formation of high-speed transportation infrastructure. Traditional studies on agglomeration economies have focused on external economies that occur in spatially limited areas and have not considered agglomeration economies from a broader perspective, i.e., from the perspective of inter-regional networks. In particular, recent studies have identified that the actual spatial range that would benefit from agglomeration economies is broader than that covered by conventional studies. This volume explains the phenomenon using Alonso's concept of borrowed size. This is the first book to show the impact of inter-regional networks on Japan's regional economy using the concept of the borrowed-size effect. Based on empirical evidence, the roles of inter-regional networks are determined in the context of the regional economy that faces population decline and environmental constraints. A deeper consideration of the analytical methods and understanding the results of detailed analyses will make it possible to propose desirable regional economic policies in the face of population decline. This book thus provides valuable insights into the regional economic development of Japan, which is particularly pertinent to other countries with similar land structures.

In recent years, we have witnessed huge economic and socio-political change in the Gulf. This book examines the rapid industrialization of the region and how local economies are starting to diversify away from petroleum, exploring how this transformative process is starting to impact on the region's economy and social make-up. With contributions from some of the top scholars and practitioners in the area, this book discusses crucial topics related to the region's transformation, from issues of economic development and relations with Iran to foreign labour and women's education and work outside the home. Chapters explore how in addition to the massive growth in investments and products such as oil, gas, chemicals, metals, and cement, this growth has triggered numerous societal changes, such as labour migration, educational reforms, declining natality, and shifting gender roles. Covering in detail a broad range of issues, this book will appeal not only to Middle East experts, particularly those with an interest in the Persian Gulf, but also to development experts and political scientists.

First published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

"This book is essential reading for those practicing or studying technology management. It goes beyond rational technical introductions to technology management to include the social, human, and political world of organizational life. Organizations need to understand and address these dimensions if they are to succeed in improving their innovation processes, and also create a humane workplace."

Dr. Carol Haddad is a professor in the Department of Interdisciplinary Technology at Eastern Michigan University, where she teaches graduate courses and conducts research on workplace technology and training partnerships. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan and an M.S. degree from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. 

This two-volume collection presents the most important recent articles on empirical issues in industrial organization, related primarily to the analysis of imperfect competition. The papers cover empirical analysis of non-cooperative and cooperative oligopoly, auctions, differentiated product markets, dynamic competition and entry, plus selected work on innovation, vertical contractual relationships, and incentive issues. New research in these areas relies on detailed data for specific industries, typically integrates modern imperfect competition theory into the empirical specifications, commonly uses structural empirical models derived directly from microeconomic theory, and applies modern econometric techniques. This work and the associated techniques play an increasingly important role in antitrust policy, market design and in newly deregulated markets. This collection provides an easily accessible source of the key papers on these topics, which are otherwise not readily available. Empirical Industrial Organization will be of interest to policymakers as well as academics and students.

This book looks at two-stage industrial cluster theory and new innovation models in view of IT-ization and servitization of products. The formation of industrial clusters such as export processing zones and special economic zones has been the preferred mechanism for developing countries to boost their industrial development and export performance for the last several decades. Existing literature related to Development Economics cited numerous benefits of industrial clusters and several countries have reaped such benefits. The book goes beyond formation of traditional industrial clusters. It promotes the idea of formation of two-stage clusters. The book further stresses on new innovation models. The ideas are promoted based on the empirical evidence of Chinese and Taiwanese firms in consumer electronics and automobile sectors. Finally, the book looks at firm strategies in new business environment which is dominated by servitization of industrial products. It argues for firms to integrate manufacturing and services to a great extent. To substantiate the arguments, empirical evidence comes from India, Taiwan, and Bangladesh. The study further finds evidence, perhaps for the first time that innovation and knowledge acquisition strategies are influenced not only by size of firms but also vary with market preferences.

This book provides a descriptive, episodic yet analytical synthesis of industrialization in America. It integrates analysis of the profound economic and social changes taking place during the period between 1877 and the start of the Great Depression. The text is supported by 30 case studies to illustrate the underlying principles of industrialization that cumulatively convey a comprehensive understanding of the era.

With rapidly expanding information sources available in libraries and on the internet, researchers delving into business history need to know what is useful and what is not. Together with the first two volumes of the Handbook of American Business History, this third volume book provides a guide to business history and to the overwhelming amount of information on the subject. In twenty-one entries on specific industries, contributors offer concise histories of infrastructure, including electricity, gas, and communications, as well as service industries, such as banking, medical insurance, mortuary, advertising, and education. Bibliographic essays, supplemented with bibliographic lists, point to the most important sources on each industry.

Written during the most rapidly changing decade in American business history, the Handbook is a consolidated business history of the United States. Volume III addresses basic industries such as mining, electricity, and natural gas trade; services such as financial, health, educational, and social-business organizations; and public administration. The histories of the industries begin with the industries' rise to importance in the United States and continue to the present. The bibliographic essays discuss the leading sources since Robert Lovett's "American Economic and Business History Information Sources" (1971) and Henrietta Larson's "Guide to Business History" (1948). This volume and the two companion volumes provide a useful resource for the researcher, teacher, and student.

Adopting an international business perspective, this book surveys recent business developments in Asia, and the activities of multinational firms in the region, focusing in particular on the changing nature of organizational and institutional relationships, including intra- and inter- organizational relationships, business relationships with institutions, and relationships with stakeholders. The international team of contributors discuss the current and future trends in a wide range of business sectors across the region, as well as assessing how the nature of multinationals' activities in the region is changing as the business environment evolves and becomes more globalized.

This book provides a descriptive, episodic yet analytical synthesis of industrialization in America. It integrates analysis of the profound economic and social changes taking place during the period between 1877 and the start of the Great Depression. The text is supported by 30 case studies to illustrate the underlying principles of industrialization that cumulatively convey a comprehensive understanding of the era.

Yoshiro Miwa asks whether a state can correct market failures and in particular critically analyses the performance of the Japanese economy as a result of state intervention within it. In order to examine the capacity of the state to promote growth, Miwa examines the Japanese machine tool industry, the government's role in promoting this sector and government efforts to achieve growth in small and medium sized enterprises in Japan.