The Critical Heritage series gathers together a large body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The important selected sources range from essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects. The whole Critical Heritage series is available as a set of 67 volumes, in mini- sets selected by period (in slipcase boxes) or as individual volumes.

"The Critical Heritage" gathers together a large body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects. "The Critical Heritage" is available as a set of 67 volumes, as mini-sets selected by period (in slipcase boxes) or as individual volumes.

This series gathers together a body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects.

"The Critical Heritage" series gathers together a large body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects. "The Critical Heritage" is available as a set of 67 volumes and the series is also available in mini-sets selected by period (in slipcase boxes) or as individual volumes.

The Critical Heritage series gathers together a large body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects. The Critical Heritage series is available as a set of 67 volumes, as mini-sets selected by period (in slipcase boxes) or as individual volumes.

This series gathers together a body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation.

There have been many studies, critical books, and learned articles produced over the years about Jane Austen which increased in the latter part of the 20th century. Her novels, juvenilia and surviving letters have been intensively researched. Added to this, there is a growing interest in her life, times, the importance of a sense of place to her writing and in her familial and social relationships. Included in this set of source books are: James Edward Austen-Leigh's "Recollections of the Early Days of the Vine Hunt" (1865) which describes some of the people who belonged to the Austen circle in Hampshire and their activities.

This series gathers together a body of critical sources on major figures in literature. Each volume presents contemporary responses to a writer's work, enabling students and researchers to read for themselves, for example, comments on early performances of Shakespeare's plays, or reactions to the first publication of Jane Austen's novels. The selected sources range from important essays in the history of criticism to journalism and contemporary opinion, and documentary material such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included, in order to demonstrate the fluctuations in an author's reputation. Each volume contains an introduction to the writer's published works, a selected bibliography, and an index of works, authors and subjects.

Fantasy provides an invaluable and accessible guide to the study of this fascinating field. Covering literature, film, television, ballet, light opera and visual art and featuring a historical overview from Ovid to the Toy Story franchise, this book takes the reader through the key landmark moments in the development of fantasy criticism. This comprehensive guide examines fantasy and politics, fantasy and the erotic, quest narratives and animal fantasy for children. The versatility and cultural significance of fantasy is explored, alongside the important role fantasy plays in our understanding of 'the real', from childhood onwards. Written in a clear, engaging style and featuring an extensive glossary of terms, this is the essential introduction to Fantasy.

J.R.R. Tolkien's complete artwork for "The Hobbit," presented for the first time in celebration of the 75th anniversary
When J.R.R. Tolkien wrote "The Hobbit," he was already an accomplished amateur artist, and drew illustrations for his book while it was still in manuscript. "The Hobbit" as first printed had ten black-and-white pictures, two maps, and binding and dust jacket designs by its author. Later, Tolkien also painted five scenes for color plates, which comprise some of his best work. His illustrations for "The Hobbit" add an extra dimension to that remarkable book, and have long influenced how readers imagine Bilbo Baggins and his world.
Written and edited by leading Tolkien experts Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull, "The Art of The Hobbit""by J.R.R. Tolkien" showcases the complete artwork created by the author for his story--including related pictures, more than one hundred sketches, drawings, paintings, maps, and plans. Some of these images are published here for the first time, others for the first time in color, allowing Tolkien's "Hobbit" pictures to be seen completely and more vividly than ever before.

Aphra Behn (1640-1689) was one of the most successful dramatists of the Restoration theatre and a popular poet. This is the third volume in a set of seven which comprises a complete edition of all her works.

Utilizing recent trends in literary and language theory, "Twentieth Century Fiction: From Text to Context" makes new theoretical insights available to its audience. Contributors to this volume employ analytical and interpretive strategies which are not intended to be prescriptive, but rather are presented in such a way as to facilitate critical reading and evaluation.
The collection's essays, which are arranged into three groups focusing on the textual level, narrative and context, explore a number of 20th century authors including Fowles, Foster, Lessing and Woolf. In addition, this user-friendly text includes a detailed subject index, a full glossary and helpful suggestions for further reading.
Designed not only for native English speakers, but also for those who read English as a foreign or second language, "Twentieth Century Fiction: From Text to Context" provides an indispensable introduction which is both sensitive and enabling.

By applying recent trends in literary and language theory to a range of 20th Century fiction, the contributors to this text make new theoretical insights available to student readers. The analytical and interpretive strategies examined in this book are not intended to be prescriptive, rather they are presented in such a way as to facilitate critical reading and evaluation.
The essays, which are arranged into three groups and which focus on the textual level, narrative and context, look at a wide range of Twentieth Century authors including Fowles, Foster, Lessing and Woolf. In addition, this student-friendly text includes a detailed subject index, a full glossary and helpful suggestions for further reading.
Aimed at beginning students of English Language and Literature and Applied Linguistics, and advanced students of English as a Foreign or Second Language, 20th Century Fiction provides an essential introduction to the subject which is both sensitive and enabling.

Christopher J. Knight's Penelope Fitzgerald and the Consolation of Fiction is a study of the British author Penelope Fitzgerald (1916 - 2000), attending to her nine novels, especially as viewed through the lens both of "late style" (she published her first novel, The Golden Child, at age sixty) and, in her words, of "consolation, that is, for doubts and fears as well as for naked human loss." As in Shakespeare's late, religiously inflected, romances, the two concerns coincide; and Fitzgerald's ostensible comedies are marked by a clear experience of the tragic and the palpable sense of a world that verges on the edge of indifference to human loss. Yet Fitzgerald, her late age pessimism notwithstanding, seeks (with the aid of her own religious understandings), in each of her novels, to wrestle meaning, consolation and even comedy from circumstances not noticeably propitious. Or as she herself memorably spoke of her own "deepest convictions": "I can only say that however close I've come, by this time, to nothingness, I have remained true to my deepest convictions-I mean to the courage of those who are born to be defeated, the weaknesses of the strong, and the tragedy of misunderstandings and missed opportunities, which I have done my best to treat as a comedy, for otherwise how can we manage to bear it?" The recipient of Britain's Booker Prize and America's National Book Critics Circle Award, Penelope Fitzgerald's reputation as a novelist, and author more generally, has grown, since her death, significantly, to the point that she is now widely judged one of Britain's finest writers, comparable in worth to the likes of Jane Austen, George Eliot and Virginia Woolf.

The collection of essays in this text demonstrates how novels are not only comparable, but often superior to the case histories used in business education. As many novelists have had personal experience of working in organizations, their work combines introspective insight with analytical skill. Fiction overcomes the drawbacks of organizational theory and economics; it combines the subjective and the objective, the fate of individuals with that of institutions, and the micro events with the macro systems. Many parts of Europe are now in danger of splitting into societies that draw energy from sources obscured by a century of rationalist ideology. It is on this subject that novels discussed in this book, by authors as diverse as Zola, Conrad, Musil and Stindberg, make their greatest contribution, describing the provenance and impact of modernity. Essays published in this volume relate novels to economics, business administration and public management. They range across different cultures and historical periods, focusing mainly on the realist novel. At the same time they aim to convince the reader that many kinds of fictional literature might be of help in understanding the complexit

George Orwell is a writer who has been appropriated by very different political regimes and opinions, pressed into service as his various critics have seen fit. Though a polemicist and satirist at heart, his anti-totalitarian ideals are expounded with deft story-telling and a simplicity that belies the ultimately complex debates to which he gave voice. The changing responses to his two classic novels, Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty-four (1949), provide an illuminating account of the developing preoccupations of the second half of the 20th century. In this Readers' Guide, Daniel Lea takes a decisive path through the maze of interpretations that has accumulated around Orwell's best-known novels, examining critical reactions from the beginning of the Cold War through to the collapse of Communist Eastern Europe, and at the same time placing Orwell within a long tradition of dystopian writings. In exploringthe artistic, cultural and social contexts of Orwell's work, it is an essential resource for students and general readers alike.

The manuscript of Hardy's first great novel, "Far From the Madding Crowd," vanished shortly after its first publication. Rediscovered in 1918 and sold into private hands, it was eventually bequeathed to the Beinecke Rare Books Library at Yale University and studied here in depth, for the first time, by Rosemarie Morgan. This lost manuscript sheds remarkable new light not only on this novel but on the whole of Hardy's work.
The manuscript pages, facsimiles of which are reproduced here, reveal Hardy's original composition in the novel and the reluctantly "cancelled words" which were the result of a long struggle with Sir Leslie Stephen, Hardy's editor. The book was originally commisioned as a rural piece, yet Hardy had other ideas, and author and editor battled over the novel's development. Professor Morgan reveals that Hardy's chief concerns--the development of artistic balance, the role and position of women, his critical view of class distinction--are all articulated much more clearly in the first version than in the printed text. She demonstrates that these pages, with words scored through, sentences overwritten and paragraphs revised, show his progressive development as a twentieth-century "modernist" in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. He was 1"father" of the modern novel's valorization of the "low-life" hero and heroine.
"Cancelled Words" reveals a manner in which Hardy worked: his resistance to censorship, his scrupulous attention to detail and precision, and the often concealed processes underlying his authorship. Ultimately, it serves to shape our understanding of the development of the modern novel.

This set of volumes on Henry James is the third in the "Critical Assessments of Writers in English" series, the aim of which is to provide complete collections of previously published, formative critical assessments covering the whole work of individual writers. They should be useful to serious readers of literature, researchers and advanced students. Many of the pieces included were originally published in journals or books which are now out of print or very difficult to obtain. Each set has an authoritative introductory survey, as well as a full bibliography and biographical details. The choice of material in this set attempts both to gauge the changing response to James and also to establish how consistent has been his stature as a writer. It also attempts to reflect his image - as novelist, critic, dramatist, short-story writer, cultural commentator, travel writer and as a personality as equivocal as his texts. The first volume offers a series of memories of James: friends and critics who help to place the personality in context, followed by responses from 14 writers, poets and novelists. The second volume offers in chronological progression a series of contemporary reviews and views of James's work from both America and Britain together with a series of general essays written between 1879 and 1919. The third volume offers a 20th-century overview from 1919 to the 1980s reflecting the range of the response to James both in terms of subject matter and critical variety. The final volume offers a series of 20th-century interpretations of the major works. This collection provides the student of James with a range of writing on James' work from the 19th century to the 1980s. The bibliography offers a selective listing of the major critical texts and bibliographies as well as details of the publication and serialization of James' works.

A dazzling biography of two interwoven, tragic lives: John Keats and F. Scott Fitzgerald. 'Highly engaging ... Go now, read this book' THE TIMES 'For awhile after you quit Keats,' Fitzgerald once wrote, 'All other poetry seems to be only whistling or humming.' John Keats died two hundred years ago, in February 1821. F. Scott Fitzgerald defined a decade that began one hundred years ago, the Jazz Age. In this biography, prizewinning author Jonathan Bate recreates these two shining, tragic lives in parallel. Not only was Fitzgerald profoundly influenced by Keats, titling Tender is the Night and other works from the poet's lines, but the two lived with echoing fates: both died young, loved to drink, were plagued by tuberculosis, were haunted by their first love, and wrote into a new decade of release, experimentation and decadence. Luminous and vital, this biography goes through the looking glass to meet afresh two of the greatest and best-known Romantic writers in their twinned centuries.

This collection of essays explores the hotel as a site of modernity, a space of mobility and transience that shaped the transnational and transcultural modernist activity of the first half of the twentieth century. As a trope for social and cultural mobility, transitory and precarious modes of living, and experiences of personal and political transformation, the hotel space in modernist writing complicates binaries such as public and private, risk and rootedness, and convention and experimentation. It is also a prime location for modernist production and the cross-fertilization of heterogeneous, inter- and trans- literary, cultural, national, and affective modes. The study of the hotel in the work of authors such as E. M. Forster, Katherine Mansfield, Kay Boyle, and Joseph Roth reveals the ways in which the hotel nuances the notions of mobilities, networks, and communities in terms of gender, nation, and class. Whereas Mary Butts, Djuna Barnes, Anais Nin, and Denton Welch negotiate affective and bodily states which arise from the alienation experienced at liminal hotel spaces and which lead to new poetics of space, Vicki Baum, Georg Lukacs, James Joyce, and Elizabeth Bishop explore the socio-political and cultural conflicts which are manifested in and by the hotel. This volume invites us to think of "hotel modernisms" as situated in or enabled by this dynamic space. Including chapters which traverse the boundaries of nation and class, it regards the hotel as the transcultural space of modernity par excellence.

Exam board: Edexcel, OCR, Cambridge Assessment International Education Level & Subject: AS and A Level English Literature First teaching: September 2015 First examination: June 2017, June 2022/23

The House of the Prophet is Louis Auchincloss's searching novel of Felix Leitner, one of the most influential men of his time. Political philosopher, columnist, adviser to American presidents, Leitner will doubtless bring to many readers' minds the late Walter Lippmann, portrayed in the fine biography by Ronald Steel. Indeed, in his new introduction, Auchincloss makes plain that "the idea of writing a novel inspired by, though by no means based upon, the life of Walter Lippmann was unlike any fictional idea that I have had before or since." He candidly adds, "I was always perfectly aware the Felix Leitner, the protagonist of The House of the Prophet, would be instantly related to Walter Lippmann, and I had no objection to this." Whether considered on its own merits or as a major statement on Lippmann, this volume deserves close scrutiny.

This book focuses on W. G. Sebald's life and works - as teacher, as scholar and critic, as colleague and as collaborator on translation. It contains a number of rediscovered short pieces by Sebald, hitherto unpublished interviews, a catalogue of his library, and selected poems and tributes.

The book includes Kato Norihiro's final work on Murakami; Kato is often called Japan's 'last public intellectual', and his chapter here is one of his few works ever translated into English The book includes discussions by Murakami translators, Jay Rubin and Ted Goossen, as well as his English editor, Elmer Luke, shedding light not only on Murakami's work as literature but also as a product of cross-cultural communication The book includes an interview with Murakami Haruki himself by Rebecca Suter The book includes contributions by some of the most prominent Murakami scholars including Matthew Strecher