Devolution, Regionalism and Regional Development provides an overview and critical perspective on the impact of devolution on regionalism in the UK since 1999, taking a research-based look at issues central to the development of regionalism: politics, governance and planning.

This multidisciplinary book is written by academics from the fields of geography, economics, town planning, public policy, management, public administration, politics and sociology with a final chapter by Patrick Le Gales putting the research findings into a theoretical context. This will be an important book for those researching and studying economic and political geography and planning as well as those involved in regional development.

Russian resurgence in the international arena has been one of the most controversial topics in European security in recent months. What drives Russian foreign policy at the end of the Putin era? Does it reflect the intensifying domestic struggle between factions and interest groups manoeuvring for dominance of the Kremlin? Is Russian international behaviour a product of the commercial pursuits of Russian energy exporters? Is it a policy fuelled by neoimperial ambition and desire to bring back under Moscow's control lands conquered by a succession of Russian emperors over more than two centuries? Or are we witnessing Moscow's painful adaptation to its new, diminished circumstances, and its attempts to develop a new international posture in relation to militarily vastly superior neighbours in Europe and Asia? And, last but not least, how should Europe and the United States respond to the new Russian foreign policy?

These are the questions that will be addressed in this Adelphi Paper. The paper will examine the key drivers of Russian foreign policy - domestic politics and economic, military and security considerations - and conclude with recommendations for Western policymakers on how to deal with Russia's return to the international arena as an assertive actor after its long period of introspection and preoccupation with domestic troubles. The paper should be of interest to scholars, policymakers and non-specialists interested in Russia and international relations.

People Count! rests on a single but important premise: As the world shrinks and becomes ever more complex, so have people-as "networked individuals"-become ever more central to the course of events. The age of the nation-state has yielded to the age of the individual, and no one is better qualified than distinguished scholar James N. Rosenau to track this shift in prose that sings. Here he investigates the myriad ways in which "people count" in global politics. Tracing developments in globalization, demography, and the skills revolution, Rosenau profiles 17 different groups and shows how and why they matter on the world scene. Along the way, he tells the fascinating back stories behind the roles that people play: Who the terrorists are, why soldiers fight, how citizens and immigrants compare, what connects the networkers, where travelers feel at home, and when the here and now takes a back seat to another world. This book seeks to depict a new era by analyzing the basic roles people occupy in their family, community, and society, including the wider world.

Interest in social science and empirical analyses of law, courts and specifically the politics of judges has never been higher or more salient. Consequently, there is a strong need for theoretical work on the research that focuses on courts, judges and the judicial process. The Routledge Handbook of Judicial Behavior provides the most up to date examination of scholarship across the entire spectrum of judicial politics and behavior, written by a combination of currently prominent scholars and the emergent next generation of researchers. Unlike almost all other volumes, this Handbook examines judicial behavior from both an American and Comparative perspective. Part 1 provides a broad overview of the dominant Theoretical and Methodological perspectives used to examine and understand judicial behavior, Part 2 offers an in-depth analysis of the various current scholarly areas examining the U.S. Supreme Court, Part 3 moves from the Supreme Court to examining other U.S. federal and state courts, and Part 4 presents a comprehensive overview of Comparative Judicial Politics and Transnational Courts. Each author in this volume provides perspectives on the most current methodological and substantive approaches in their respective areas, along with suggestions for future research. The chapters contained within will generate additional scholarly and public interest by focusing on topics most salient to the academic, legal and policy communities.

Gorbachev: The Man and the System portrays Gorbachev's rise to power and his tenure in office against the background of a period of critical change and development in the Soviet system. The research is primarily based on Soviet materials, supplemented and critically compared with a wide range of Western press and academic studies. Both Zemtsov and Farrar bring to the analysis their own experiences, acquired under different circumstances.Part I focuses on a selected chronology of significant events from Gorbachev's assumption of power in March 1985 to June 1987. The authors examine leadership and personnel changes, the economy, the society, and the arts. Part II takes a look at foreign policies by examining: relations with the United States and the industrialized West; arms control policy; relations with Eastern Europe; relations with the People's Republic of China; and relations with the third world. Part III explores Gorbachev's military policies. Part IV concludes with the authors' assessment of the future. Included in this book are appendices on: changes in the Council of Ministers, Ministers, and Chairmen of State Committees; Politburo and central committee meetings since Gorbachev became General Secretary, through June 1987; and announced changes in the Diplomatic Corps and Foreign Ministry as reported in the Soviet press. The hardcover edition of this book was published in Gorbachev's early years. It thus represents an early assessment, and as such a document of events at the time they occurred. Renewed interest in communism, and in the dissolution of the Soviet Union make this paperback edition timely.

People Count! rests on a single but important premise: As the world shrinks and becomes ever more complex, so have people-as "networked individuals"-become ever more central to the course of events. The age of the nation-state has yielded to the age of the individual, and no one is better qualified than distinguished scholar James N. Rosenau to track this shift in prose that sings. Here he investigates the myriad ways in which "people count" in global politics. Tracing developments in globalization, demography, and the skills revolution, Rosenau profiles 17 different groups and shows how and why they matter on the world scene. Along the way, he tells the fascinating back stories behind the roles that people play: Who the terrorists are, why soldiers fight, how citizens and immigrants compare, what connects the networkers, where travelers feel at home, and when the here and now takes a back seat to another world. This book seeks to depict a new era by analyzing the basic roles people occupy in their family, community, and society, including the wider world.

A major contribution to the debate about the reconstruction of Kosovo, and to the general discussion surrounding the revived 'trusteeship institution' model in the context of the UN internationalism of the 1990s and the War on Terror following 9/11.
Bringing together leading international scholars, this book presents the latest empirical research alongside detailed theoretical analysis. Examining the key questions local parties and the international community have encountered in Kosovo, including how to develop effective and inclusive local government, how to counter crime and the dysfunctional aspects of liberal economic reform, how to unite the partly opposed goals of reconstructing the province while avoiding renewed ethnic and international strife, and how to handle the specific challenge of Kosovo's future status. The contributors also re-examine the background factors that continue to influence and hamper the attempt to administrate and reconstruct the province, first of all the nationalist ideologies and the record of ethnic violence.
This book will be of great interest to all students of Balkan politics, peacekeeping, international relations and security studies in general.

The starting point for the investigation outlined in this text is the relationship between political authority and economic change in Egypt and will be the presidency and the highest level of the political elite. The bulk of the field research on which this book is based was conducted in Egypt in 1986.

Why do people adopt attitudes of political alienation--attitudes of estrangement from, or lack of identification with, the political system? Why do some politically alienated people react to their alienation by engaging in revolutionary behavior, while others similarly alienated--become reformers or ritualists, and still others simply drop out of political activity?

In "Political Alienation and Political Behavior," David C. Schwartz attempts to answer these questions, challenging accepted theories of social status and economic difficulties and developing a completely new, three variable psychological theories to explain alienation. Based on observations of threat from value conflict, perceived personal inefficacy, and perceived systemic inefficacy, the theory includes a process model for predicting political behavior.

The book is organized into a definition and discussion of the concept of political alienation, including reviews and critiques of relevant scholarly and popular literature; a theoretical explanation of the causes and consequences of alienation; presentation of data; research reports testing the author's explanation of political alienation; tests of a process model explaining the consequences of alienation; and a summary of the major findings of the research, indicating some of the directions that future research might profitably take.

Fascinating reading for social scientists, this well-written book will be important to teachers and students concerned with U.S. politics and more generally with the relationship of economic, social, and psychological forces manifested in political behavior.

"David C. Schwartz" formerly professor of political science, is presently director of the American Affordable Housing Institute located at Rutgers University. His research interests include legislative politics, American government, and housing policies, finance, and its relation to health care.

Understanding federalism - the form of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system so that all maintain their political integrity - is central to the study of democratic government in the United States. Yet, many political scientists treat federalism as a set of abstract principles or a maze of budgetary transfers with little connection to real political life. This concise and engaging book boils the discussion down to its essence: federalism is about power, specifically the tug for power among and within the various levels of government. Author Larry N. Gerston examines the historical and philosophical underpinnings of federalism; the various "change events" that have been involved in defining America's unique set of federal principles over time; and the vertical, horizontal, and international dimensions of federalism in the United States today. The result is a book examining the ways in which institutional political power is both diffused and concentrated in the United States.

Understanding federalism - the form of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system so that all maintain their political integrity - is central to the study of democratic government in the United States. Yet textbooks tend to cover the topic as a set of abstract principles or a maze of budgetary transfers with little connection to real political life. federalism is about power, specifically the tug for power among and within the various levels of government. Author Larry N. Gerston examines the historical and philosophical underpinnings of federalism; the various change events that have been involved in defining America's unique set of federal principles over time; and the vertical, horizontal, and international dimensions of federalism in the United States today. The result is a book with wide application for undergraduate students in American government, state and local politics, public administration, or any course examining the ways in which institutional political power is both diffused and concentrated in the United States.

In "Ideology and Congress," authors Poole and Rosenthal have analyzed over 13 million individual roll call votes spanning the two centuries since Congress began recording votes in 1789. By tracing the voting patterns of Congress throughout the country's history, the authors find that, despite a wide array of issues facing legislators, over 81 percent of their voting decisions can be attributed to a consistent ideological position ranging from ultraconservatism to ultraliberalism. In their classic 1997 volume, "Congress: A Political Economic History of Roll Call Voting, " roll call voting became the framework for a novel interpretation of important episodes in American political and economic history. Congress demonstrated that roll call voting has a very simple structure and that, for most of American history, roll call voting patterns have maintained a core stability based on two great issues: the extent of government regulation of, and intervention in, the economy; and race. In this new, paperback volume, the authors include nineteen years of additional data, bringing in the period from 1986 through 2004.

Thirty years after the end of the Cold War, world peace is at risk again. The United States has withdrawn from the disarmament treaty with Russia, Europe is disintegrating, China is surging forward and a wave of nationalism and populism is destabilizing established political institutions and endangering hard-won liberties. Moreover, the coronavirus pandemic has brought into sharp relief the fragility of the global order and the speed with which it can slide into chaos. In view of this dangerous and unpredictable state of affairs, Mikhail Gorbachev, the last great statesman of the 1989 revolution, has written this short book to warn us of the grave risks we now face and to urge us all, political leaders and citizens alike, to take action to address them. He focuses on the big challenges of our time, such as the renewal of the arms race and the growing risks of nuclear war, the new tension between Russia and the West, the global environmental crisis, the global threat of diseases and epidemics, the rise of populism and the decline of democracy. He argues that self-serving policies and narrow-minded politics aimed at the pursuit of national interests are taking the place of political principles and overshadowing the vision of a free and just world for all peoples. He offers his view of where Russia is heading and he urges political leaders in the West to recognize that re-establishing trust between Russia and the West requires the courage of true leadership and a commitment to genuine dialogue and understanding on both sides. Now more than ever, the responses to the great challenges we face cannot be purely national in character but must be based on a collaborative effort in which political leaders put aside their differences and work together to advance the human security of all.

This book offers a conceptualisation of unintended consequences and addresses a set of common research questions, highlighting the nature (what), the causes (why), and the modes of management (how) of unintended consequences of the European Union's (EU) external action. The chapters in the book engage with conceptual and empirical dimensions of the topic, as well as scholarly and policy implications thereof. They do so by looking at EU external action across various policy domains (including trade, migration, development, state-building, democracy promotion, and rule of law reform) and geographic areas (including the USA, Russia, the Western Balkans, the southern and eastern European neighbourhood, and Africa). The book contributes to the study of the EU as an international actor by broadening the notion of its impact abroad to include the unintended consequences of its (in)actions and by shedding new light on the conceptual paradigms that explain EU external action. This book fills the gap in IR and EU scholarship concerning unintended consequences in an international context and will be of interest to anyone studying this important phenomenon. It was originally published as a special issue of The International Spectator (Italian Journal of International Affairs). Chapters 1, 3, 7, 8 and 9 are available Open Access at https://www.routledge.com/products/9780367346492.

The 1989 prodemocracy movement in the People's Republic of China and the subsequent crackdown were marked by many dramatic reversals. Supported at first by several thousand Beijing University students, the movement quickly attracted millions of followers and developed into a nationwide mass movement. The jubilant mood during the short-lived freedom in Tiananmen Square turned into despair over the unnecessary bloodshed. The event raised many deeply disturbing questions: Was the massacre necessary and justified? What is the historical significance of this movement? Which path will the PRC follow in the decade ahead? Although no one had anticipated the tragic outcome, the popular unrest was not totally unexpected. When I read the news of 200,000 Beijing students and residents, in open defiance of the government's order, staging a largescale demonstration on Apri120, I knew a confrontation between the people and the government was inevitable.

Considered the most significant recent agrarian movement in Mexico, the 1994 EZLN uprising by the indigenous peasantry of Chiapas attracted world attention. Timed to coincide with the signing of the NAFTA agreement, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation reasserted the value of indigenous culture and opposed the spread of neo-liberalism associated with globalization. The essays in this collection examine the background to the 1994 uprising, together with the reasons for this, and also the developments in Chiapas and Mexico in the years since. Among the issues covered are the history of land reform in the region, the role of peasant and religious organizations in constructing a new politics of identity, the participation in the rebellion of indigenous women and changing gender relations, plus the impact of the Zapatistas on Mexican democracy. The international group of scholars contributing to the volume include Sarah Washbrook, George and Jane Collier, Antonio Garcia de Leon, Daniel Villafuerte Solis, Gemma van der Haar, Mercedes Olivera, Marco Estrada Saavedra, Heidi Moksnes, Neil Harvey, and Tom Brass. This book was previously published as a special issue of The Journal of Peasant Studies.

Readers at all levels will find even-handed coverage of politics in sub-Saharan Africa's more than thirty states from the early years of independence to today. Readings in African Politics provides an overview of key topics and themes that collectively contribute to an understanding of politics in Africa. The selections included here come from a wide range of Western and non-Western sources and together represent core knowledge in the field of African politics. Topic areas covered are methods for appraising the modern African state, approaches to understanding African states and their politics, dimensionsof regional conflict, conflict between traditional and modern values, the politics of new social forces, and the meaning of contemporary trends. An introductory essay by Tom Young sketches the terrain of politics in Africa from national and international efforts toward development to local problems such as corruption and ethnic conflict. TOM YOUNG is Senior Lecturer in Politics with reference to Africa, SOAS, London Contributors include: ROBERT H. BATES, GORAN HYDEN, Jean-FRANCOIS BAYART, MAHMOOD MAMDANI, PATRICK CHABAL & JEAN-PASCAL DALOZ, ROY MAY, MARGARET HALL & TOM YOUNG, TOYIN FALOLA, RICHARD FANTHORPE, MAMADOU DIOUF, AILI MARI TRIPP, BESSIE HOUSE-MIDAMBA,JOCELYN ALEXANDER, SALLY FALK MOORE, ADAM ASHWORTH Published in association with the International African Institute North America: Indiana U Press

Now in a thoroughly revised Fifth Edition, An Introduction to the Policy Process provides students at all levels with an accessible, readable, and affordable introduction to the field of public policy. In keeping with prior editions, author Tom Birkland conveys the best current thinking on the policy process in a clear, conversational style. Designed to address new developments in both policy theory and policy making, the Fifth Edition includes examinations of: the Brexit referendum result and its effects on the UK, European Union, and world politics, as well as the 2016 election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, and the ways in which these events have caused voters and policy makers to rethink their assumptions; changes to the media environment, including the decline of newspapers and television news, the growth of social media, and the emergence of "fake news"; new policy theory developments like the emergence of the Narrative Policy Framework and continued and newer applications of existing theories of policy process like Advocacy Coalitions, Multiple Streams, Punctuated Equilibrium, and Institutional Analysis and Development; and all-new and updated chapter "at a glance" outlines, definitions of key terms, provocative review questions, recommended reading, visual aids and case studies, theoretical literature, and preentation slides and Test Banks to make teaching from the book easier than ever. Firmly grounded in both social science and political science, An Introduction to the Policy Process provides the most up-to-date and thorough overview of the theory and practice of the policy process, ideal for upper-level undergraduate and introductory graduate courses in Public Policy, Public Administration, and Political Science programs.

Over the past several years, rising cyber power has comprehensively and profoundly affected international security. Key areas include military operations, terrorism, critical infrastructure, corporate security, individual privacy and financial security, and political processes. The burgeoning development of information technology did not always seem especially daunting from a strategic perspective. For instance, as recently as the Arab 'spring', which began less than a decade ago, social media seemed to power political liberalisation, casting the digital revolution as an engine of social progress. It may yet prove to be that, but for the time being less salutary aspects of the technological march have arguably overtaken the sunnier ones. The articles in this collection reflect this arc.

Public Value Co-Creation: A Multi-Actor & Multi-Sector Perspective addresses a fundamental gap in the scholarly field of Public Management relating to the advice and strategies available on what public managers can and/or should do to co-create public value. Alessandro Sancino offers a timely and unique approach providing a map with the main actors and their relative domains (public organization; inter-organizational; civic/community) to help guide the strategic thinking of a public manager for designing and leading processes of public value co-creation. The book discusses the concept of public value co-creation from a multi-actor and multi-sector perspective as an opportunity for transforming the public sector, for transitioning business models towards sustainable development and for rejuvenating democracy. Public Value Co-Creation: A Multi-Actor & Multi-Sector Perspective is a great aid to researchers and practitioners committed to achieve public value.

Focusing on the institutions and players of central and local government during an era of great transformation, Peter Jupp examines the cohesive nature of the British state, and how Britain was governed between 1688 and 1848.

Divided into two parts, bisected by the accession of George III in 1760, this study:

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• examines the changes to the framework and function of executive government
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• presents an analysis of its achievements, the composition and functions of Parliament
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• explores Parliament's role in government
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• looks at the interaction between the executive, Parliament and the public.
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Providing new insights into the formulation of notions and traditions of legislation, the public sphere and popular politics, The Governing of Britain is an essential guide to a formative era in political life.

This book is about the troublesome international administration and reconstruction of Kosovo, as well as the problems of trusteeship arrangements generally.
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the practices of international intervention, peace-building and the reconstruction of war-torn societies have increasingly taken the shape of ambitious de facto trusteeship arrangements with the ongoing international administration of Kosovo as the primary example. This book examines the obstacles to reconciliation and social reconstruction in Kosovo in the context of what is neither war nor substantial peace. It also discusses the potential and problems of the revived trusteeship institution more generally, as well as its ramifications for the institutional machinery of international society.
The book brings together a combination of internationally distinguished academics and younger scholars representing practical knowledge as well as theoretical analysis. At the practical level the book discusses a number of the major problems, challenges and dilemmas that the local parties and the international community have encountered in Kosovo including how to develop effective and inclusive local government, how to counter crime and the dysfunctional aspects of liberal economic reform, how to construct an educational system capable of stimulating integration and development, how to unite the partly opposed goals of reconstructing the province while avoiding renewed ethnic and international strife over its future, and how to handle the specific challenge of Kosovo's future status. The book also re-examines the background factors that continue to influence and hamper the attempt toadministrate and reconstruct the province, first of all the nationalist ideologies and the record of ethnic violence.
At the more general and theoretical level, the book asks whether the revived international trusteeship arrangement is a dead end or the way forward for the international community when faced with reconstruction challenges of the scale of Kosovo, Bosnia, East Timor, Afghanistan and Iraq. In perspective, it also discusses the ramifications of the increasing securitization, militarization and great power domination of international trusteeship arrangements indicated by the examples of Afghanistan and Iraq.
This volume makes a highly important contribution to the specific debate about the reconstruction of Kosovo as well as the general one about the pros and cons of the revived trusteeship institution in the context of the UN internationalism of the 1990s and the war against terror following 9/11.

The Internet has created a formidable challenge for human rights law and practice worldwide. International scholarly and policy-oriented communities have so far established a consensus regarding only one main aspect - human rights in the internet are the same as offline. There are emerging and ongoing debates regarding not only the standards and methods to be used for achieving the "sameness" of rights online, but also whether "classical" human rights as we know them are contested by the online environment. The internet itself, in view of its cross-border nature and its ability to affect various areas of law, requires adopting an internationally oriented approach and a perspective strongly focused on social sciences. In particular, the rise of the internet, enhanced also by the influence of new technologies such as algorithms and intelligent artificial systems, has influenced individuals' civil, political and social rights not only in the digital world, but also in the atomic realm. As the coming of the internet calls into question well-established legal categories, a broader perspective than the domestic one is necessary to investigate this phenomenon. This book explores the main fundamental issues and practical dimensions related to the safeguarding of human rights in the internet, which are at the focus of current academic debates. It provides a comprehensive analysis with a forward-looking perspective of bringing order into the somewhat chaotic online dimension of human rights. It addresses the matter of private digital censorship, the apparent inefficiency of existing judicial systems to react to human rights violations online, the uncertainty of liability for online human rights violations, whether the concern with personal data protection overshadows multiple other human rights issues online and will be of value to those interested in human rights law and legal regulation of the internet.

Originally published in 1973, Origins of English Feudalism suggests that English feudalism has, for a long time, been the most controversial and thereby the most highly technical aspect of English medieval history. The book contains relevant sources that will be of use to readers and will allow them to study documentary, literary and archaeological sources from the medieval period. The debate over the establishment of feudalism in pre-Conquest England involves not only the question of the presence or absence of fief, but also of knights and cavalry, castles and vassilic commendation. This book will be of interest to academics and the ease of use and careful division of sources, will be of interest to students.