A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Landlocked and surrounded by South Africa on all sides, the mountain kingdom of Lesotho became the world's first "water-exporting country" when it signed a 1986 treaty with its powerful neighbor. An elaborate network of dams and tunnels now carries water to Johannesburg, the subcontinent's water-stressed economic epicenter. Hopes that receipts from water sales could improve Lesotho's fortunes, however, have clashed with fears that soil erosion from overgrazing livestock could fill its reservoirs with sediment. In this wide-ranging and deeply researched book, Colin Hoag shows how producing water commodities incites a fluvial imagination. Engineering water security for urban South Africa draws attention ever further into Lesotho's rural upstream catchments: from reservoirs to the soils and vegetation above them, and even to the social lives of herders at remote livestock posts. As we enter our planet's water-export era, Lesotho exposes the possibilities and perils ahead.

A new edition of the classic text explaining the fundamentals of competitive electricity markets now updated to reflect the evolution of these markets and the large scale deployment of generation from renewable energy sources The introduction of competition in the generation and retail of electricity has changed the ways in which power systems function. The design and operation of successful competitive electricity markets requires a sound understanding of both power systems engineering and underlying economic principles of a competitive market. This extensively revised and updated edition of the classic text on power system economics explains the basic economic principles underpinning the design, operation, and planning of modern power systems in a competitive environment. It also discusses the economics of renewable energy sources in electricity markets, the provision of incentives, and the cost of integrating renewables in the grid. Fundamentals of Power System Economics, Second Edition looks at the fundamental concepts of microeconomics, organization, and operation of electricity markets, market participants strategies, operational reliability and ancillary services, network congestion and related LMP and transmission rights, transmission investment, and generation investment. It also expands the chapter on generation investments discussing capacity mechanisms in more detail and the need for capacity markets aimed at ensuring that enough generation capacity is available when renewable energy sources are not producing due to lack of wind or sun. Retains the highly praised first edition s focus and philosophy on the principles of competitive electricity markets and application of basic economics to power system operating and planning Includes an expanded chapter on power system operation that addresses the challenges stemming from the integration of renewable energy sources Addresses the need for additional flexibility and its provision by conventional generation, demand response, and energy storage Discusses the effects of the increased uncertainty on system operation Broadens its coverage of transmission investment and generation investment Supports self-study with end-of-chapter problems and instructors with solutions manual via companion website Fundamentals of Power System Economics, Second Edition is essential reading for graduate and undergraduate students, professors, practicing engineers, as well as all others who want to understand how economics and power system engineering interact.

Immer haufiger werden dreidimensional strukturierte elektronische Schaltkreise und Baugruppen eingesetzt mit dem Ziel, die Funktionalitat signifikant zu steigern. Die Autoren beschreiben in dem Band, welche Herausforderungen sich hieraus fur den Entwurf neuartiger Baugruppen ergeben - und sie prasentieren erste Loesungen. Dabei sind die Inhalte so aufgebaut, dass sie dem Entwurfsfluss folgen. Die vorgestellten Loesungen beziehen sich jeweils auf Projekte, die tatsachlich realisiert wurden.

The resource curse is a variant of a wider rent curse that can also be driven by geopolitical rent, regulatory rent, and labour rent. Total rent can therefore be from one-tenth to two-fifths of GDP and sometimes more. Rent is detached from the activity that generates it and is up for grabs so it feeds contents for its capture and its deployment can radically impact the development trajectory for better or worse, all too often for worse. The Rent Curse: Natural Resources, Policy Choice, and Economic Development studies two rent driven models to suggest that low rent incentivizes the elite to grow the economy efficiently, whereas high rent encourages rent siphoning for immediate enrichment at the expense of long-term growth. It looks at low rent Mauritius and high rent Trinidad and Tobago to show that low rent stimulates rapid and relatively egalitarian economic growth with incremental democratization, whereas high rent inhibits competitive diversification and frequently causes protracted growth collapses. The post-war prioritization of industry has proved a double edged sword. The Rent Curse employs rent driven models to explain why low rent East Asia has closed the income gap with advanced economies; why rent rich Latin America may be de-industrializing; why agricultural neglect launched sub-Saharan Africa on a false start to economic development; why South Asia pioneers growth through export services; and why governmenets in the oil-rich Gulf states raised the incomes of nationals without conferring the skills to sustain them.

A Marginal Revolution Best Book of the Year Winner of the Shulman Book Prize A noted expert on Russian energy argues that despite Europe's geopolitical rivalries, natural gas and deals based on it unite Europe's nations in mutual self-interest. Three decades after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the breakup of the Soviet empire, the West faces a new era of East-West tensions. Any vision of a modern Russia integrated into the world economy and aligned in peaceful partnership with a reunited Europe has abruptly vanished. Two opposing narratives vie to explain the strategic future of Europe, one geopolitical and one economic, and both center on the same resource: natural gas. In The Bridge, Thane Gustafson, an expert on Russian oil and gas, argues that the political rivalries that capture the lion's share of media attention must be viewed alongside multiple business interests and differences in economic ideologies. With a dense network of pipelines linking Europe and Russia, natural gas serves as a bridge that unites the region through common interests. Tracking the economic and political role of natural gas through several countries-Russia and Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, and Norway-The Bridge details both its history and its likely future. As Gustafson suggests, there are reasons for optimism, but whether the "gas bridge" can ultimately survive mounting geopolitical tensions and environmental challenges remains to be seen.

Die Sicherung der Energieversorgung gehoert zu den zentralen Herausforderungen moderner Zivilisationen. Allerdings greifen solche Antworten zu kurz, die das interessengeleitete Handeln der wesentlichen Akteure ausser Acht lassen. Deshalb behandelt das Buch die Gesetzmassigkeiten der Energiemarkte unter Ruckgriff auf industrie- und institutionenoekonomische Theorien. Wo immer moeglich werden die theoretisch hergeleiteten Voraussagen anhand statistischer Evidenz gepruft. Auch die technisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Bedingungen werden stets berucksichtigt.

The Covid-19 pandemic is a repeating biophysical shock yet one for which our current socio-economic structure was not prepared. Climate change, scarcity, depletion of natural resources, and the inevitable transition to renewable energy are one time events. Taken together, they present an existential threat to human society. This book is a guide to navigating these megatrends, which confront us now but whose consequences will unfold over decades. By presenting clear options on the path to a renewable energy future, this book gives readers a broad perspective as well as detailed, well-illustrated examples to weigh in making decisions which will secure stability and prosperity for their families, their communities and their nations.

Decades have passed since black lung disease was recognized as a national disgrace and Congress was pushed to take legislative action. Since then, however, not much has changed. Big coal companies-along with their allies in the legal and medical professions-have continually flouted the law and exposed miners to deadly amounts of coal dust, while also systematically denying benefits to miners who suffer and die because of their jobs. Indeed, these men and their families, with little access to education, legal resources, and other employment options, have long been fighting to wrench even modest compensation and medical costs from our nation's biggest mining interests-all to combat a disease that could have been eradicated years ago. Tracing their heroic stories back to the very beginning, Chris Hamby, who won a Pulitzer Prize for his reporting on this issue, gives us a deeply troubling yet ultimately triumphant work that promises to do for Black Lung what Beth Macy did for the opioid epidemic. From corporate offices and mine shafts, to hospital beds and rural clinics, Soul Full of Coal Dust becomes a legal and medical thriller that brilliantly traces how a powerless band of laborers-alongside a small group of lawyers and doctors, often working out of their homes or in rural clinics and tiny offices-challenged one of the world's most powerful forces, Big Coal, and won. Full of the rich and complex atmosphere of Appalachia and packed with tales of those who have toiled in the mines of West Virginia, Soul Full of Coal Dust Sis a necessary and timely book about injustice and resistance.

A broad and lively survey of British energy policy since 1979. The book blends economic analysis with political and historical narrative. The author traces the way in which political pressures from the proponents of both nationalization and privatization, as well as environmentalists, have affected the development of an industry which forms a significant part of the national economy. There is a particular focus on the role of government and the influence of technological advances.

Future development in the Arctic and Subarctic region requires careful attention to the possible consequences of the development activities themselves, in relation to their environmental, socioeconomic and cultural impacts. A more thorough understanding of the impact of future activities, however, demands the dissemination and confrontation of results from different regions and different scientific traditions. This requires scientific cooperation, not only across disciplines but across border. Primarily it requires both consensus and innovations in regard to methods. This book confronts such differences in approaches and methods in relation to the analysis of socioeconomic and environmental consequences of large-scale mineral and energy development activities in the Arctic and Subarctic, establishing the common ground upon which future research activities can be based.

The book focuses on a global issue-municipal solid waste management (MSWM) and presents the most effective solutions based on energy recovery processes. There is huge potential in employing different technologies and modern management methodology for recovering energy from various waste streams to establish a sustainable and circular economy. In several countries, energy recovery from municipal solid wastes (MSW) is seen as a way of reducing the negative impact of waste on the environment and also reducing the burden on land resources. The book primarily focuses on highlighting the latest insights into energy recovery from various waste streams in different countries, with a particular emphasis on India. Further, it paves the way for sustainability in the energy sector as a whole by addressing waste management issues and simultaneous energy recovery. The chapters present high-quality research papers selected and presented in the conference, IconSWM 2018.

Energy plays a vital role in economic and social development. The analysis of energy issues and policy options is therefore a vital area of study. This book presents a hierarchical modelling scheme intended to support energy planning and policy analysis in developing countries. The authors introduce the concept of 'Integrated National energy Planning' (INEP), and examine the spreadsheet models, optimization models, and linear planning models which energy planners use. Environmental considerations are also introduced into the analysis. Techniques are then applied to two important energy subsectors, electricity and fuelwood, before problems of integration and policy implementation are discussed. Throughout the book, the authors examine actual practice in developing countries. Illustrative case material is drawn from Egypt, West Africa, Sudan, Pakistan, Colombia, India, Sri Lanka and Morocco. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners of energy planning, and to those concerned with the wider development implications of energy policy.

The construction of utility infrastructure requires meticulous, long-term planning from both an economic and legal perspective. Recent changes in energy policy aimed at promoting renewables have placed even greater focus on utility infrastructure planning. This book takes current developments as a starting point for an exhaustive overview of the legal environment in utility planning. While specific attention is devoted the the latest developments in the energy sector (NABEG, EnLAG), other types of relevant infrastructure (roads, pipelines, and so on) also receive due treatment.

First published in 1997, this is an important and wide-ranging book. It is rooted in a fascinating, research-based case study of employee participation in the state-owned Greek public power (electricity) corporation. Drawing on extensive familiarity with the relevant literatures, however, it also provides a full appreciation of the significance of this case by placing it within both the history and current framework of employee organisation and industrial relations in Greece, and the development of Greece as a peripheral capitalist society in a global economy. By exploring the issue of employee participation in this way Dr Psimmenos not only makes a unique, original contribution to the study of industrial organisation and management-worker relations in Europe but also shows the impact which the institutions and processes of globalisation have upon a society and economy like Greece - part of the European Union and also subject to the constraints of international capitalism. Globalisation and Employee Participation will be welcomed by academics and researchers in sociology, politics, industrial relations and political economy, as well as those concerned with the history and present state of Greece and other Mediterranean societies. It is a valuable, scholarly addition to the literature in these areas.

This 1989 book provides a nontechnical analysis of present and future energy resources and their potential development to meet future demand. The prevailing impression in popular discussion of future energy supply is that a crisis will occur, sooner or later, owing to the exhaustion of present resources. This informative and thought-provoking book demonstrates that sufficient resources are available to meet all energy needs for the foreseeable future. However, this does not remove the threat of an energy-supply crisis. What is lacking - the missing resource - is the knowledge of how to use these resources in a practical and environmentally acceptable manner. The author argues that long-term technical development will be necessary to ensure future energy sufficiency and that international cooperation on technical research, environmental impact, and energy use is needed now to prevent a succession of energy crises in the future. All those involved with energy in a technical, business, or governmental policy capacity will find book essential and rewarding reading.

This 1989 book provides a nontechnical analysis of present and future energy resources and their potential development to meet future demand. The prevailing impression in popular discussion of future energy supply is that a crisis will occur, sooner or later, owing to the exhaustion of present resources. This informative and thought-provoking book demonstrates that sufficient resources are available to meet all energy needs for the foreseeable future. However, this does not remove the threat of an energy-supply crisis. What is lacking - the missing resource - is the knowledge of how to use these resources in a practical and environmentally acceptable manner. The author argues that long-term technical development will be necessary to ensure future energy sufficiency and that international cooperation on technical research, environmental impact, and energy use is needed now to prevent a succession of energy crises in the future. All those involved with energy in a technical, business, or governmental policy capacity will find book essential and rewarding reading.

A deepening ecological crisis is rearing its head in sub-Saharan Africa, as it faces a myriad of challenges in regards to the development of its energy sector. The 'dirty now and clean up later' approach to the environment has a strong appeal, particularly because it is often thought of as the last place to try to edge in another priority - especially if that priority is perceived by many to be an economic luxury. Asuelime and Okem bring together a team of specialist contributors who investigate to what extent sub-Saharan Africa has displayed foresight or politico-economic integrity. The book shows that the state's ability to meet the demands of provision of energy in sub-Saharan Africa has led to heavy investments in infrastructure, transmission and distribution of energy to the citizens. However, the inefficiencies, corruption and unhealthy bureaucratic challenges that accompany this have led to urgent problems, which are thoroughly explored in this book. The Political Economy of Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa will be of interest to students and scholars of African Studies, Development Studies, political science and environment.

Across the European Union, energy policy remains a highly controversial issue, despite the relative stability of energy markets and the lack of concern of energy availabilities and prices which marked previous debates on the issue. The debates on nuclear power in Germany, on the coal industry in the UK indicate the continuing resonance of energy policy as a source of dispute at the national level. Moreover, while the urgency which the 1970s energy crises brought to policy discussions may no longer exist, the emergence of new issues, such as the environment and economic liberalisation, have offered new challenges for energy policy. These issues also arise in a European setting. Early in 1995 the European Commission published a Green Paper on Energy Policy -indeed, as the manuscript was completed the Commission was finalising a White Paper -and the issue will be on the agenda of the 1996 Intergovernmental Conference. The outcome of these discussions is far from clear, but there is no doubt that, in one way or another the European Union will help to shape national energy policies for many years to come.

Following the liberalization of EU energy markets, more than three hundred gas and electricity companies entered the market to substitute state-run monopolies. A sizeable shift has taken place within the European energy sector, one that remains only partially understood at best. Focusing on the financial performance of retail energy firms between 2008 and 2017, and taking the Italian market as its exemplar-a market that has arguably undergone the most significant transformation in Europe-Changes in European Energy Markets provides a critical and up-to-date analysis of this major development. Based on a comprehensive literature review and a wealth of data, the authors provide a compelling and much-needed account of the intensity and pace of change in the sector, which has been far from uniform. Changes in European Energy Markets is a must-read for students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers concerned with the seismic changes that have occurred within EU energy markets over the past decade.

A deepening ecological crisis is rearing its head in sub-Saharan Africa, as it faces a myriad of challenges in regards to the development of its energy sector. The 'dirty now and clean up later' approach to the environment has a strong appeal, particularly because it is often thought of as the last place to try to edge in another priority - especially if that priority is perceived by many to be an economic luxury. Asuelime and Okem bring together a team of specialist contributors who investigate to what extent sub-Saharan Africa has displayed foresight or politico-economic integrity. The book shows the state's ability to meet the demands of provision of energy in sub-Saharan Africa has led to heavy investments in infrastructure, transmission and distribution of energy to the citizens. However, the inefficiencies, corruption and unhealthy bureaucratic challenges that accompany this have led urgent problems, which will be thoroughly explored in this book. The Political Economy of Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa will be of interest to students and scholars of African Studies, Development Studies, political science and environment.

This interdisciplinary book is written for government and industry professionals who need a comprehensive, accessible guide to modern energy security. Introducing the ten predominant energy types, both renewable and non-renewable, the book illustrates the modern energy landscape from a geopolitical, commercial, economic and technological perspective. Energy is presented as the powerhouse of global economic activities. To ensure the uninterrupted supply of energy, nations, industries and consumers need to have options. Efficient energy security planning ensures that when a primary energy source is depleted, compromised or interrupted, an alternative energy source must be readily available. For this reason, the foundations of energy security are built upon the five pillars of Sustainability, Independence, Efficiency, Affordability and Accessibility. The numerous case studies presented in this book demonstrate that energy security may be compromised in the absence of one out of these five ingredients. The book also entertains the Triple-E notion of Energy Efficiency, Environmental integrity and Economies of scale, used by governments and corporations for energy optimization. One of the key strengths of the book is its ability effectively to cover various scientific disciplines, and several energy types, while remaining comprehensible. This book will be of much interest to security or logistics professionals, economists and engineers, as well as policymakers.

Gas and oil are pivotal to the functioning of modern societies, yet the ownership, control, production and consumption of hydrocarbons often provokes intense disputes with serious ramifications. Gas, oil and the Irish state examines the dynamics and conflicts of state hydrocarbon management and provides the first comprehensive study of the Irish model. Interpreting the Corrib gas conflict as a microcosm of the Irish state's approach to hydrocarbon management, the book articulates environmental, health and safety concerns underpinning community resistance to the project. It emphasises how the dispute exposed broader issues, such as the privatisation of Irish hydrocarbons in exchange for one of the lowest rates of government take in the world, and served to problematise how the state functions, its close relationship with capital and its deployment of coercive force to repress dissent. Analysis of these issues occurs within an original account of decision-making and policy formation around Irish hydrocarbons from 1957 to 2014. The book traces the development of the state's approach in tandem with occurrences in Irish political economy and examines the impact of global trends on different approaches to hydrocarbon management. A comparative case study of Norway reveals ideological, political, social and economic forces which influence how states manage their hydrocarbons - factors which the book uses as the basis for a rigorous critique of the Irish model. This book is relevant to United Nations Sustainable Developments Goal 7, 12 and 13, Affordable and clean energy, Responsible consumption and production and Climate action -- .

Inhalt Einfuhrung und Aufbau (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT): Energiequellen und -strome; Energiesystem Osterreich; Aufbau und Vorgehen; Konventionelle Vergleichssysteme; Warmebereitstellung; Bereitstellung von Kraftstoffen.- Stromerzeugung aus Wasserkraft (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Solarthermische Warmenutzung (JURGEN NEUBARTH, WOLFGANG STREICHER, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Photovoltaische Stromerzeugung (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT, HEINRICH WILK): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Stromerzeugung aus Windenergie (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT, GUNTHER BRAUNER): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Nutzung von Umgebungswarme (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT, GERHARD FANINGER): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Hydrothermale Erdwarmenutzung (MARTIN KALTSCHMITT, JURGEN NEUBARTH, JOHANN GOLDBRUNNER): Grundlagen des regenerativen Energieangebots; Systemtechnische Beschreibung; Energiewirtschaftliche Analyse.- Biomasse (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT, HERMANN HOFBAUER, KARIN MAIRITSCH): Grundlagen des regenerativen Angebots; Energiegewinnung aus Biomasse; Biogene Festbrennstoffe; Biokraftstoffe (Flussige Bioenergietrager); Gasformige Bioenergietrager (Biogas).- Zusammenfassung und Ausblick (JURGEN NEUBARTH, MARTIN KALTSCHMITT): Raumliche und zeitliche Angebotscharakteristik; Elektrische Energie; Thermische Energie; Kraftstoffe.- Ausblick.- Anhang (Energieeinheiten).- Literatur.- Sachverzeichnis.

Energy Democracies for Sustainable Futures explores how our dominant carbon and nuclear energy assemblages shape conceptions of participation, risk, and in/securities, and how they might be reengineered to deliver justice and democratic participation in transitioning energy systems. Chapters assess the economies, geographies and politics of current and future energy landscapes, exposing how dominant assemblages (composed of technologies, strategies, knowledge and authorities) change our understanding of security and risk, and how they these shared understandings are often enacted uncritically in policy. Contributors address integral relationships across the production and government of material and human energies and the opportunities for sustainable and democratic governance. In addition, the book explores how interest groups advance idealized energy futures and energy imaginaries. The work delves into the role that states, market organizations and civil society play in envisioned energy change. It assesses how risks and security are formulated in relation to economics, politics, ecology, and human health. It concludes by integrating the relationships between alternative energies and governance strategies, including issues of centralization and decentralization, suggesting approaches to engineer democracy into decision-making about energy assemblages.