This volume provides a thought-provoking perspective on the empirical and analytic study of body form and composition. The techniques used for measuring body components such as fat, water, lean tissue, bone mass and bone density are evaluated against potential 'gold standards'. The nature of regional differences, developmental changes, pathological abnormalities, and the impact of heredity and environment in shaping body composition are discussed in the context of human evolution. All those concerned with biological anthropology, both clinicians and researchers, will find this book of great interest.

The new edition of "Human Body Composition" is the most complete text in the burgeoning field of body composition research. The book covers the full range of methods to assess body composition, including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, electrical impedance, and imaging techniques. Maintaining the focus of the first edition as a definitive research guide, this resource incorporates updated information on methods and topics of biological importance.

This thoroughly revised reference includes new material on

-molecular genetics;

-energy expenditure;

-body composition as related to various pathological states including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and illnesses associated with HIV; and

-animal body composition.

The information is presented in five logical parts along with an appendix for easy comprehension of the material. Part I presents an introduction to the field and sets the tone for the ensuing chapters. Part II provides an extensive review of the available body composition methods, including measurement cost, safety, and practicality. Part III features reviews on specific body composition components of widespread interest, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, along with a review of body composition models. Part IV covers the biological influences on body composition such as age, ethnicity, and gender. Part V outlines pathological states related to body composition, including morbidity-mortality links.

"Human Body Composition, Second Edition, " provides a comprehensive account of the science behind human body composition methods. Filled with reliable and accurate information, it is an essential tool and an indispensable reference for exercise science researchers, practitioners, and graduate students who are interested in body composition.

Interpreting chest X-rays can seem baffling and intimidating for senior medical students and newly qualified doctors. This highly illustrated guide provides the ideal introduction to chest radiology. It uses 100 clinical cases to illuminate a wide range of common medical conditions, each illustrated with a chest X-ray and a clear description of the significant diagnostic features and their clinical relevance. Where appropriate CT scans and bronchoscopic imaging are also included as part of the investigation. Pulmonary medicine is largely based on a strong foundation on the plain chest radiograph. Indeed chest radiography is the single most common investigation done in hospital practice. This illustrated collection of case studies will help make the learning process easier and more enjoyable and less painful. As well as illuminating pearls of core knowledge in chest X-ray interpretation, it highlights some of the pitfalls that might wrong-foot the inexperienced practitioner.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a devastating disease and although the virus would appear to have been contained, it is clear that the impact it has had around the world, and could have again in the future, is immense. Hong Kong has been significantly impacted in the recent SARS outbreak, and clinicians and researchers alike have gained a lot of experience in dealing with the disease at short notice. This new book aims to be a state-of-the art update on SARS, with particular reference to imaging, which plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, management and follow-up of patients with the disease (it is widely accepted that SARS patients cannot be managed without imaging and it is included in the WHO's own list of diagnostic criteria for the disease). The book will also provide a perspective on the treatment and experience of the disease outside Hong Kong.

Minimally invasive medicine has the goal of providing health care with minimal trauma. When minimally invasive surgery is utilized, it reduces the length of hospital stays, lowers costs, lowers pain, and reduces blood loss. Other minimally invasive techniques minimize radiation exposure, tissue damage, and drug side effects.
Collecting contributions from workers in various fields within the sphere of minimally invasive medical technology, this book provides essential information for those involved with researching, designing, and using minimally invasive devices and systems. It emphasizes the technology required to accomplish minimally invasive medicine. The book will be of interest to biomedical engineers, medical physicists, and health care providers who want to know the technical workings of their devices and instruments.

A comprehensive, systemically organised 'film viewing' book designed specifically for FRCR candidates but equally useful to all trainee and junior radiologists as an 'aide memoire' and to medical undergraduates and MRCP candidates as a useful means of self-testing their level of knowledge. It is fully illustrated with high-quality, clearly labeled black and white illustrations throughout and the text closely mirrors the way that questions are asked in the FRCR film viewing examination, so as to provide as real an examination experience as possible. Each section of the book contains 20 representative questions, and model answers, providing 200 cases altogether. First published in 2000.

Die optimale Anwendung bildgebender Diagnostik am Thorax bei Fruh- und Neugeborenen, Sauglingen und Kleinkindern wird in diesem Buch umfassend beschrieben. Dazu zahlen die besonders bei Kindern anspruchsvollen Anforderungen an die Gerateausstattung und Untersuchungstechnik sowie an den Strahlenschutz. Ausfuhrlich und reich bebildert werden die Auswahl der geeigneten Verfahren und typische Befunde fur Erkrankungen und Fehlbildungen im Thoraxbereich dargestellt; neben Differenzialdiagnosen, die beachtet werden sollten, sind klinische Informationen eingearbeitet, die fur die Verfahrenswahl und Interpretation der Befunde von Bedeutung sind. Auch einige thorakale Erkrankungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen jenseits des Kleinkindalters sind berucksichtigt. Anhand von 14 beispielhaften Fallen, die das gesamte Spektrum der thorakalen Erkrankungen der Altersgruppe umreissen, kann die Befundung in Quizform trainiert werden.

Fachwissen MTRA - interdisziplinar und praxisnah! Die Entwicklungen im Gesundheitswesen verandern auch das Berufsbild der MTRA nachhaltig. Die Anforderungen und Erwartungen steigen insbesondere in den Bereichen Digitalisierung, Qualitatsmanagement und wissenschaftliches Arbeiten im interdisziplinaren Kontext. Hier knupft dieses Buch an und gibt erstmals verstandlich und anschaulich einen Gesamtuberblick uber alle ausbildungsrelevanten Inhalte der MTRA-Ausbildung und Berufspraxis in einem Werk. Das Buch ist praxisorientiert und interdisziplinar angelegt und vermittelt die Inhalte anhand von Fallbeispielen aus dem Klinikalltag. Alles in einem Buch: Berufsgeschichte, Berufsbild und Berufspolitik, Berufspraxis, Detektion von Strahlung, Digitale Bildverarbeitung, Konventionelle Roentgendiagnostik, Computertomographie, Kernspintomographie, Angiographie, Sonographie, Strahlentherapie, Nuklearmedizin, Entstehung von Gesundheit und Krankheit, Interdisziplinare Therapie und Diagnostik aller Koerperregionen und Organe, Qualitatssicherung und -Management, Hygiene, Pharmakologie, Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten und lebenslanges Lernen. Neu in der 2. Auflage: Der Bereich der Mammografie Videos zur Veranschaulichung Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der digitalen Radiographie und Bildverarbeitung Der Inhalt wurde an neue, aktuelle Leitlinien angepasst Neue DIN-Normen fur Konstanzprufungen in der Radiologie mit aufgenommen Fur alle MTRA und Radiologie-TechnologInnen unverzichtbar als Begleiter fur Ausbildung, Lehre und Beruf.

Aptamers, often termed as 'chemical antibodies,' are an emerging class of synthetic ligands for efficient target-specific molecular recognition. The objective of this book is to highlight recent advances and potential of aptamers in various disease conditions. . This book focuses on the applications of aptamers in targeted nanotherapy, detection, and in molecular imaging in various disease conditions such as cancer, neurological diseases and infectious diseases.

Based on hospital clinical trials examining the use of signal and image processing techniques, Surface Imaging for Biomedical Applications bridges the gap between engineers and clinicians. This text offers a thorough analysis of biomedical surface imaging to medical practitioners as it relates to the diagnosis, detection, and monitoring of skin conditions and disease. Written from an engineer s perspective, the book discusses image acquisition methods, image processing, and pattern recognition techniques. It focuses on a variety of techniques used in recent years for image processing and pattern recognition (principal component analysis, independent component analysis, singular value decomposition, texture modeling, inverse model analysis, polynomial surface fitting, and classification techniques), and considers interventional and non-invasive procedures used to diagnose skin-related disease.

It examines the biological causation of four skin disorders (psoriasis, vitiligo, ulcer, and acne), provides basic terminologies in surface imaging, and details the outcome of various clinical observations and other research. It also details numerous measurement parameters related to surface imaging (body surface, skin color, tissue characteristic, thickness, roughness, volume of skin, and retinal changes).

• Discusses the development of a psoriasis severity measurement tool
• Provides material on assessing segmented repigmentation areas in vitiligo patients via VT-Scan
• Introduces a volume ulcer assessment using non-invasive 3D imaging
• Presents an automated system for acne grading that is based on capturing the images of various body parts using the DSLR camera
• Includes the MATLAB(r) codes for various pattern recognition techniques applied during the assessment/measurement at the end of each chapter

This interdisciplinary reference highlights the importance of disease diagnosis and monitoring, and is suitable for medical practitioners, biomedical engineers, and core image processing researchers."

With increasing population numbers and a limited supply of ophthalmologists, new ways are being found to perform eye screening. Digital retinal imaging carried out by primary care providers and nurses, followed by remote image interpretation (teleretinal imaging), is rapidly acquiring a crucial role. A number of successful digital teleretinal screening programs have now been established on different continents, permitting the detection of major diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma in patients who would otherwise have been beyond the reach of a trained ophthalmologist. In this book, experts from around the world describe how digital teleretinal screening can be set up and optimally utilized. Technical issues are discussed, and the appropriate use of screening for different diseases and in different age groups is explained. The major part of the book draws upon the clinical experience of leading practitioners in a wide range of teleretinal applications. The aim is to provide high-quality information for clinicians and other health professionals who are involved in eye care delivery, so that they can assess how teleretinal screening might be applied to their working practice.

These are exciting times for the field of optical imaging of brain function. Rapid developments in theory and technology continue to considerably advance understanding of brain function. Reflecting changes in the field during the past five years, the second edition of In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function describes state-of-the-art techniques and their applications for the growing field of functional imaging in the live brain using optical imaging techniques. New in the Second Edition: Voltage-sensitive dyes imaging in awake behaving animals Imaging based on genetically encoded probes Imaging of mitochondrial auto-fluorescence as a tool for cortical mapping Using pH-sensitive dyes for functional mapping Modulated imaging Calcium imaging of neuronal activity using 2-photon microscopy Fourier approach to optical imaging Fully updated chapters from the first edition Leading Authorities Explore the Latest Techniques Updated to reflect continuous development in this emerging research area, this new edition, as with the original, reaches across disciplines to review a variety of non-invasive optical techniques used to study activity in the living brain. Leading authorities from such diverse areas as biophysics, neuroscience, and cognitive science present a host of perspectives that range from a single neuron to large assemblies of millions of neurons, captured at various temporal and spatial resolutions. Introducing techniques that were not available just a few years ago, the authors describe the theory, setup, analytical methods, and examples that highlight the advantages of each particular method.

CI Techniques & Algorithms for a Variety of Medical Imaging Situations
Documents recent advances and stimulates further research

A compilation of the latest trends in the field, Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Techniques and Applications explores how intelligent computing can bring enormous benefit to existing technology in medical image processing as well as improve medical imaging research. The contributors also cover state-of-the-art research toward integrating medical image processing with artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches.

The book presents numerous techniques, algorithms, and models. It describes neural networks, evolutionary optimization techniques, rough sets, support vector machines, tabu search, fuzzy logic, a Bayesian probabilistic framework, a statistical parts-based appearance model, a reinforcement learning-based multistage image segmentation algorithm, a machine learning approach, Monte Carlo simulations, and intelligent, deformable models. The contributors discuss how these techniques are used to classify wound images, extract the boundaries of skin lesions, analyze prostate cancer, handle the inherent uncertainties in mammographic images, and encapsulate the natural intersubject anatomical variance in medical images. They also examine prostate segmentation in transrectal ultrasound images, automatic segmentation and diagnosis of bone scintigraphy, 3-D medical image segmentation, and the reconstruction of SPECT and PET tomographic images.

Over the last century the ECG has been used by clinicians to make major clinical decisions with regard to electric pacing, the use of thrombolytic drugs in acute myocardial infarction and the timing of surgery. In conjunction with a chest X-ray and the echocardiogram it is a fundamental part of the initial investigation of a patient with suspected heart disease. These electrical squiggles have always been difficult for students to understand. In part the problem has been that the formatting of the ECG has only become standard in the last two decades. Some important books have not provided the full twelve-lead ECG. On occasion the interpretation of the ECG has been related to complex explanations of the shapes of the electrical signals. For the practising physician much of the interpretation is a matter of pattern recognition.

Preoperative imaging is increasingly being adopted for preoperative planning in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Accurate preoperative analysis can reduce the length of operations and maximize surgical design and dissection techniques. Imaging for Plastic Surgery covers the techniques, applications, and potentialities of medical imaging technology in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Presenting state-of-the-art research on evolving imaging modalities, this cutting-edge text: Provides a practical introduction to imaging modalities that can be used during preoperative planning Addresses imaging principles of the face, head, neck, breast, trunk, and extremities Identifies the strengths and weaknesses of all available imaging modalities Demonstrates the added value of imaging in different clinical scenarios Comprised of contributions from world-class experts in the field, Imaging for Plastic Surgery is an essential imaging resource for surgeons, radiologists, and patient care professionals.

Based on the authors groundbreaking research, Automated EEG-Based Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders: Inventing the Future of Neurology presents a research ideology, a novel multi-paradigm methodology, and advanced computational models for the automated EEG-based diagnosis of neurological disorders. It is based on the ingenious integration of three different computing technologies and problem-solving paradigms: neural networks, wavelets, and chaos theory. The book also includes three introductory chapters that familiarize readers with these three distinct paradigms.

After extensive research and the discovery of relevant mathematical markers, the authors present a methodology for epilepsy diagnosis and seizure detection that offers an exceptional accuracy rate of 96 percent. They examine technology that has the potential to impact and transform neurology practice in a significant way. They also include some preliminary results towards EEG-based diagnosis of Alzheimer s disease.

The methodology presented in the book is especially versatile and can be adapted and applied for the diagnosis of other brain disorders. The senior author is currently extending the new technology to diagnosis of ADHD and autism. A second contribution made by the book is its presentation and advancement of Spiking Neural Networks as the seminal foundation of a more realistic and plausible third generation neural network.

WHO and partners have been working towards devising an agenda, an action plan, tools and guidelines to increase access to appropriate medical devices. This document is part of a series of reference documents being developed for use at the country level. The series will include the following subject areas: * policy framework for health technology* medical device regulations* health technology assessment* health technology management* needs assessment of medical devices* medical device procurement* medical equipment donations* medical equipment inventory management* medical equipment maintenance* computerized maintenance management systems* medical device data* medical device nomenclature* medical devices by health-care setting* medical devices by clinical procedures* medical device innovation, research and development.These documents are intended for use by biomedical engineers, health managers, donors, nongovernmental organizations and academic institutions involved in health technology at the district, national, regional or global levels.Once established, the inventory serves as the foundation for moving forward within the HTM system and ensuring safe and effective medical equipment. The inventory may be used to develop budgets for capital purchases, maintenance and running costs; to build and support an effective clinical engineering department, by allowing for workshop planning, hiring and training of technical support staff, and establishing and maintaining service contracts; to support an effective medical equipment management program, such as planning preventive maintenance activities and tracking work orders; and to plan the stock of spare parts and consumables. The inventory may also be used to support equipment needs assessment within the health-care facility and to record the purchase, receipt, retirement and discarding of equipment. Facility risk analysis and mitigation, and emergency and disaster planning, are also supported by an inventory.

Rapid developments in MR hardware and sequence design are continually improving and extending the role of MR angiography for detection and diagnosis of vascular disease. Such is the speed of technological advance that there is a strong need for an up-to-date reference that outlines the principal protocol requirements to obtain high quality diagnostic images on MR angiography. The forthcoming book entitled "MRA Protocols in Clinical Practice" endeavors to meet this need by providing detailed information on the techniques and requirements for optimal image acquisition on established as well as more recent state-of-the-art MR scanners. Each of the numerous chapters describes the aims and objectives of MRA examinations in different vascular territories, discusses the coils and optimal sequence parameters required to obtain high quality images, and points out the necessary precautions to take to avoid non-diagnostic exams. The appropriate use of contrast enhancement, discussion of the different types of available contrast agent, and details on how best to administer contrast to achieve optimal results is presented for enhanced MR angiography of both arteries and veins. Presented in a succinct, easy-to-read and practical format, the book will be a valuable addition to the MR angiography suite.

The book contains all the basic notions of Positron Emission Tomography that span from physiology to radiochemistry, physics, math and statistics. All material was carefully crafted and is now presented in graphical manner to ease reading, studying and browsing. It suits equally undergraduate and graduate academic students but it shall be of interest to clinical fellows or professionals in the biomedical sector that use PET in their activity or develop technologies in the area.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the optical analog of ultrasound imaging and is emerging as a powerful imaging technique that enables non-invasive, in vivo, high resolution, cross- sectional imaging in biological tissue. A new generation OCT technology has now been developed, representing a quantum leap in resolution and speed, achieving in vivo optical biopsy, i.e. the visualization of tissue architectural morphology in situ and in real time. Functional extensions of OCT technology enable non- invasive, depth resolved functional assessment and imaging of tissue. These new techniques should not only improve image contrast, but should also enable the differentiation of pathologies via metabolic properties or functional state. The book introduces OCT technology and applications not only from an optical and technological viewpoint, but also from biomedical and clinical perspectives. The chapters are written by leading international research groups, in a style comprehensible to a broad audience. It will be of interest not only to physicists, scientists and engineers, but also to biomedical and clinical researchers from different medical specialties.

Perioperative echocardiography has come of age, as evidenced by separate examinations and certifications processes. Albeit a unique area within echocardiography, perioperative echocardiography is not only concerned with precise diagnosis (e.g. presence and severity of mitral regurgitation) but also with mechanisms of action (e.g. valve repair versus replacement) and in assessment of intervention (e.g. inadequacy of mitral valve repair). The echocardiographer is an integral member of the surgical, perfusion, anesthetic and nursing team, providing them with what is known and what is unknown. This highly-illustrated, case-oriented text provides the reader with 100 case presentations, peroperative/intraoperative echocardiographic features, echocardiographic-assisted decision-making for planned intervention, and postoperative echocardiographic assessment. The editors and contributors provide the reader with both common and rare cardiac problems so that the reader can perform a systematic TEE examination and apply the acquired data to intraoperative decision-making.

Atlas of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography is a comprehensive atlas containing photomicrographs, anatomic illustrations, tables, and charts paired with extensive legends and explanations that are supplemented by extensive research, peer-reviewed articles, and textbooks. In addition to providing historical perspective and current direction for computed tomography, this atlas focuses on research involving coronary artery diseases and anomalies, congestive heart failure, atherosclerotic plaques and asymptomatic disease, as well as imaging techniques, including preparation, acquisition, and processing, involving the great vessels and carotids, the peripheral vasculature, and coronary and pulmonary veins. There also will be discussion of the role of computed tomography in the emergency room and in private cardiology practice.