From the earliest days of measure theory, invariant measures have held the interests of geometers and analysts alike, with the Haar measure playing an especially delightful role. The aim of this book is to present invariant measures on topological groups, progressing from special cases to the more general. Presenting existence proofs in special cases, such as compact metrizable groups, highlights how the added assumptions give insight into just what the Haar measure is like; tools from different aspects of analysis and/or combinatorics demonstrate the diverse views afforded the subject. After presenting the compact case, applications indicate how these tools can find use. The generalisation to locally compact groups is then presented and applied to show relations between metric and measure theoretic invariance. Steinlage's approach to the general problem of homogeneous action in the locally compact setting shows how Banach's approach and that of Cartan and Weil can be unified with good effect. Finally, the situation of a nonlocally compact Polish group is discussed briefly with the surprisingly unsettling consequences indicated. The book is accessible to graduate and advanced undergraduate students who have been exposed to a basic course in real variables, although the authors do review the development of the Lebesgue measure. It will be a stimulating reference for students and professors who use the Haar measure in their studies and research.

This text is designed for first courses in financial calculus aimed at students with a good background in mathematics. Key concepts such as martingales and change of measure are introduced in the discrete time framework, allowing an accessible account of Brownian motion and stochastic calculus. The Black-Scholes pricing formula is first derived in the simplest financial context. Subsequent chapters are devoted to increasing the financial sophistication of the models and instruments. The final chapter introduces more advanced topics including stock price models with jumps, and stochastic volatility. A large number of exercises and examples illustrate how the methods and concepts can be applied to realistic financial questions.

This second edition of a text for a course on calculus of functions of several variables begins with basics of matrices and vectors and a chapter recalling the important points of the theory in one dimension. It then introduces partial derivatives via functions of two variables and then extends the discussion to more than two variables. This pattern is repeated throughout the book, with two variables being used as a springboard for the more general case. The book distinguishes itself from the competition with its introduction of elementary difference equations, including the use of the difference operator, as well as differential equations and complex numbers. It overcomes the difficulty of visualizing curves and surfaces from equations with the use of many computer graphics in full color, and it contains more than 250 exercises. With applications to economics and an emphasis on practical problem-solving in the sciences rather than the proof of formal theorems, this text should provide excellent motivation to students.

This book is derived from lecture notes for a course on Fourier analysis for engineering and science students at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level. Beyond teaching specific topics and techniques--all of which are important in many areas of engineering and science--the author's goal is to help engineering and science students cultivate more advanced mathematical know-how and increase confidence in learning and using mathematics, as well as appreciate the coherence of the subject. He promises the readers a little magic on every page. The section headings are all recognizable to mathematicians, but the arrangement and emphasis are directed toward students from other disciplines. The material also serves as a foundation for advanced courses in signal processing and imaging. There are over 200 problems, many of which are oriented to applications, and a number use standard software. An unusual feature for courses meant for engineers is a more detailed and accessible treatment of distributions and the generalized Fourier transform. There is also more coverage of higher-dimensional phenomena than is found in most books at this level.

From the reviews: "The work is one of the real classics of this century; it has had much influence on teaching, on research in several branches of hard analysis, particularly complex function theory, and it has been an essential indispensable source book for those seriously interested in mathematical problems. These volumes contain many extraordinary problems and sequences of problems, mostly from some time past, well worth attention today and tomorrow. Written in the early twenties by two young mathematicians of outstanding talent, taste, breadth, perception, perseverence, and pedagogical skill, this work broke new ground in the teaching of mathematics and how to do mathematical research. (Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society)

For students who need to polish their calculus skills for class or for a critical exam, this no-nonsense practical guide provides concise summaries, clear model examples, and plenty of practice, practice, practice. About the Book With more than 1,000,000 copies sold, Practice Makes Perfect has established itself as a reliable practical workbook series in the language-learning category. Now, with Practice Makes Perfect: Calculus, students will enjoy the same clear, concise approach and extensive exercises to key fields they've come to expect from the series--but now within mathematics. Practice Makes Perfect: Calculus is not focused on any particular test or exam, but complementary to most calculus curricula. Because of this approach, the book can be used by struggling students needing extra help, readers who need to firm up skills for an exam, or those who are returning to the subject years after they first studied it. Its all-encompassing approach will appeal to both U.S. and international students. Features More than 500 exercises and answers covering all aspects of calculus.Successful series: "Practice Makes Perfect" has sales of 1,000,000 copies in the language category--now applied to mathematics.Large trim allows clear presentation of worked problems, exercises, and explained answers.

Linear Algebra offers a unified treatment of both matrix-oriented and theoretical approaches to the course, which will be useful for classes with a mix of mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer science students. Major topics include singular value decomposition, the spectral theorem, linear systems of equations, vector spaces, linear maps, matrices, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, linear independence, bases, coordinates, dimension, matrix factorizations, inner products, norms, and determinants.

When you need just the essentials of calculus, this Easy Outlines book is there to help

If you are looking for a quick nuts-and-bolts overview of calculus, it's got to be Schaum's Easy Outline. This book is a pared-down, simplified, and tightly focused version of its Schaum's Outline cousin, with an emphasis on clarity and conciseness.

Graphic elements such as sidebars, reader-alert icons, and boxed highlights stress selected points from the text, illuminate keys to learning, and give you quick pointers to the essentials. Perfect if you have missed class or need extra review Gives you expert help from teachers who are authorities in their fields So small and light that it fits in your backpack

Topics include: Functions, Sequences, Limits, and Continuity, Differentiation, Maxima and Minima, Differentiation of Special Functions, The Law of the Mean, Indeterminate Forms, Differentials, and Curve Sketching, Fundamental Integration Techniques and Applications, The Definite Integral, Plane Areas by Integration, Improper Integrals, Differentiation Formulas for Common Mathematical Functions, Integration Formulas for Common Mathematical Functions

The Ricci flow uses methods from analysis to study the geometry and topology of manifolds. With the third part of their volume on techniques and applications of the theory, the authors give a presentation of Hamilton's Ricci flow for graduate students and mathematicians interested in working in the subject, with an emphasis on the geometric and analytic aspects. The topics include Perelman's entropy functional, point picking methods, aspects of Perelman's theory of κ -solutions including the κ -gap theorem, compactness theorem and derivative estimates, Perelman's pseudolocality theorem, and aspects of the heat equation with respect to static and evolving metrics related to Ricci flow. In the appendices, we review metric and Riemannian geometry including the space of points at infinity and Sharafutdinov retraction for complete noncompact manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. As in the previous volumes, the authors have endeavored, as much as possible, to make the chapters independent of each other. The book makes advanced material accessible to graduate students and nonexperts. It includes a rigorous introduction to some of Perelman's work and explains some technical aspects of Ricci flow useful for singularity analysis. The authors give the appropriate references so that the reader may further pursue the statements and proofs of the various results.

Is there always a prime number between $n$ and $2n$? Where, approximately, is the millionth prime? And just what does calculus have to do with answering either of these questions? It turns out that calculus has a lot to do with both questions, as this book can show you. The theme of the book is approximations. Calculus is a powerful tool because it allows us to approximate complicated functions with simpler ones. Indeed, replacing a function locally with a linear - or higher order - approximation is at the heart of calculus. The real star of the book, though, is the task of approximating the number of primes up to a number $x$. This leads to the famous Prime Number Theorem - and to the answers to the two questions about primes. While emphasizing the role of approximations in calculus, most major topics are addressed, such as derivatives, integrals, the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, sequences, series, and so on.However, our particular point of view also leads us to many unusual topics: curvature, Pade approximations, public key cryptography, and an analysis of the logistic equation, to name a few. The reader takes an active role in developing the material by solving problems. Most topics are broken down into a series of manageable problems, which guide you to an understanding of the important ideas. There is also ample exposition to fill in background material and to get you thinking appropriately about the concepts. ""Approximately Calculus"" is intended for the reader who has already had an introduction to calculus, but wants to engage the concepts and ideas at a deeper level. It is suitable as a text for an honors or alternative second semester calculus course.

This introductory text presents detailed accounts of the different forms of the theory developed by Stroock and Bismut, discussions of the relationship between these two approaches, and a variety of applications. 1987 edition.

Complex analysis is one of the most central subjects in mathematics. It is compelling and rich in its own right, but it is also remarkably useful in a wide variety of other mathematical subjects, both pure and applied. This book is different from others in that it treats complex variables as a direct development from multivariable real calculus. As each new idea is introduced, it is related to the corresponding idea from real analysis and calculus. The text is rich with examples and exercises that illustrate this point. The authors have systematically separated the analysis from the topology, as can be seen in their proof of the Cauchy theorem.The book concludes with several chapters on special topics, including full treatments of special functions, the prime number theorem, and the Bergman kernel. The authors also treat $H^p$ spaces and Painleve's theorem on smoothness to the boundary for conformal maps. This book is a text for a first-year graduate course in complex analysis. It is an engaging and modern introduction to the subject, reflecting the authors' expertise both as mathematicians and as expositors.

The theory of pseudo-differential operators (which originated as singular integral operators) was largely influenced by its application to function theory in one complex variable and regularity properties of solutions of elliptic partial differential equations. Given here is an exposition of some new classes of pseudo-differential operators relevant to several complex variables and certain non-elliptic problems. Originally published in 1979. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

For a Riemannian manifold $M$, the geometry, topology and analysis are interrelated in ways that are widely explored in modern mathematics. Bounds on the curvature can have significant implications for the topology of the manifold. The eigenvalues of the Laplacian are naturally linked to the geometry of the manifold. For manifolds that admit spin (or $\textrm {spin}^\mathbb{C}$) structures, one obtains further information from equations involving Dirac operators and spinor fields. In the case of four-manifolds, for example, one has the remarkable Seiberg-Witten invariants.In this text, Friedrich examines the Dirac operator on Riemannian manifolds, especially its connection with the underlying geometry and topology of the manifold. The presentation includes a review of Clifford algebras, spin groups and the spin representation, as well as a review of spin structures and $\textrm {spin}^\mathbb{C}$ structures. With this foundation established, the Dirac operator is defined and studied, with special attention to the cases of Hermitian manifolds and symmetric spaces. Then, certain analytic properties are established, including self-adjointness and the Fredholm property. An important link between the geometry and the analysis is provided by estimates for the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator in terms of the scalar curvature and the sectional curvature.Considerations of Killing spinors and solutions of the twistor equation on $M$ lead to results about whether $M$ is an Einstein manifold or conformally equivalent to one. Finally, in an appendix, Friedrich gives a concise introduction to the Seiberg-Witten invariants, which are a powerful tool for the study of four-manifolds. There is also an appendix reviewing principal bundles and connections. This detailed book with elegant proofs is suitable as a text for courses in advanced differential geometry and global analysis, and can serve as an introduction for further study in these areas. This edition is translated from the German edition published by Vieweg Verlag.

We learn by doing. We learn mathematics by doing problems. This book is the first volume of a series of books of problems in mathematical analysis. It is mainly intended for students studying the basic principles of analysis. However, given its organization, level, and selection of problems, it would also be an ideal choice for tutorial or problem-solving seminars, particularly those geared toward the Putnam exam. The volume is also suitable for self-study. Each section of the book begins with relatively simple exercises, yet may also contain quite challenging problems. Very often several consecutive exercises are concerned with different aspects of one mathematical problem or theorem.This presentation of material is designed to help student comprehension and to encourage them to ask their own questions and to start research. The collection of problems in the book is also intended to help teachers who wish to incorporate the problems into lectures. Solutions for all the problems are provided. The book covers three topics: real numbers, sequences, and series, and is divided into two parts: exercises and/or problems, and solutions. Specific topics covered in this volume include the following: basic properties of real numbers, continued fractions, monotonic sequences, limits of sequences, Stolz's theorem, summation of series, tests for convergence, double series, arrangement of series, Cauchy product, and infinite products. Also available from the AMS are ""Problems in Mathematical Analysis II"" and ""Problems in Analysis III"" in the ""Student Mathematical Library"" series.

Operator theory is a significant part of many important areas of modern mathematics: functional analysis, differential equations, index theory, representation theory, mathematical physics, and more. This text covers the central themes of operator theory, presented with the excellent clarity and style that readers have come to associate with Conway's writing. Early chapters introduce and review material on C*-algebras, normal operators, compact operators and non-normal operators. The topics include the spectral theorem, the functional calculus and the Fredholm index. Also, some deep connections between operator theory and analytic functions are presented.Later chapters cover more advanced topics, such as representations of C*-algebras, compact perturbations and von Neumann algebras. Major results, such as the Sz.-Nagy Dilation Theorem, the Weyl-von Neumann-Berg Theorem and the classification of von Neumann algebras, are covered, as is a treatment of Fredholm theory. These advanced topics are at the heart of current research. The last chapter gives an introduction to reflexive subspaces, i.e., subspaces of operators that are determined by their invariant subspaces. These, along with hyperreflexive spaces, are one of the more successful episodes in the modern study of asymmetric algebras. Professor Conway's authoritative treatment makes this a compelling and rigorous course text, suitable for graduate students who have had a standard course in functional analysis.

This book lays the foundations of differential calculus in infinite dimensions and discusses those applications in infinite dimensional differential geometry and global analysis not involving Sobolev completions and fixed point theory. The approach is simple: a mapping is called smooth if it maps smooth curves to smooth curves. Up to Frechet spaces, this notion of smoothness coincides with all known reasonable concepts. In the same spirit, calculus of holomorphic mappings (including Hartogs' theorem and holomorphic uniform boundedness theorems) and calculus of real analytic mappings are developed. Existence of smooth partitions of unity, the foundations of manifold theory in infinite dimensions, the relation between tangent vectors and derivations, and differential forms are discussed thoroughly. Special emphasis is given to the notion of regular infinite dimensional Lie groups.Many applications of this theory are included: manifolds of smooth mappings, groups of diffeomorphisms, geodesics on spaces of Riemannian metrics, direct limit manifolds, perturbation theory of operators, and differentiability questions of infinite dimensional representations.

Free probability theory is a highly noncommutative probability theory, with independence based on free products instead of tensor products. The theory models random matrices in the large $N$ limit and operator algebra free products. It has led to a surge of new results on the von Neumann algebras of free groups. This is a volume of papers from a workshop on Random Matrices and Operator Algebra Free Products, held at The Fields Institute for Research in the Mathematical Sciences in March 1995. Over the last few years, there has been much progress on the operator algebra and noncommutative probability sides of the subject. New links with the physics of masterfields and the combinatorics of noncrossing partitions have emerged. Moreover there is a growing free entropy theory. The idea of this workshop was to bring together people working in all these directions and from an even broader free products area where future developments might lead.

This is the translation of the Japanese textbook for the grade 11 course, 'Basic Analysis', which is one of three elective courses offered at this level in Japanese high schools. The book includes a thorough treatment of exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions, progressions, and induction method, as well as an extensive introduction to differential and integral calculus.

The only way to learn calculus is to do calculus problems. Lots of them! And that's what you get in this book--more calculus problems than your worst nightmare-but with a BIG difference. Award-winning calculus teacher W. Michael Kelley has been through the whole book and made a ton of notes, so you get: * 1,000 problems with comprehensive solutions * Annotated notes throughout the text, clarifying exactly what's being asked * Really detailed answers (no more skipped steps!) * Extra explanations that make what's baffling perfectly clear * Pointers to other problems that show skills you need And all of the major players are here: limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals, tangent lines, velocity, acceleration, area, volume, infinite series-even the really tough stuff like epsilon-delta proofs and formal Riemann sums. So dig in to your heart's content!

There are many mathematics textbooks on real analysis, but they focus on topics not readily helpful for studying economic theory or they are inaccessible to most graduate students of economics. "Real Analysis with Economic Applications" aims to fill this gap by providing an ideal textbook and reference on real analysis tailored specifically to the concerns of such students.

The emphasis throughout is on topics directly relevant to economic theory. In addition to addressing the usual topics of real analysis, this book discusses the elements of order theory, convex analysis, optimization, correspondences, linear and nonlinear functional analysis, fixed-point theory, dynamic programming, and calculus of variations. Efe Ok complements the mathematical development with applications that provide concise introductions to various topics from economic theory, including individual decision theory and games, welfare economics, information theory, general equilibrium and finance, and intertemporal economics. Moreover, apart from direct applications to economic theory, his book includes numerous fixed point theorems and applications to functional equations and optimization theory.

The book is rigorous, but accessible to those who are relatively new to the ways of real analysis. The formal exposition is accompanied by discussions that describe the basic ideas in relatively heuristic terms, and by more than 1,000 exercises of varying difficulty.

This book will be an indispensable resource in courses on mathematics for economists and as a reference for graduate students working on economic theory.

Changing the way students learn calculus at New Mexico State University. In the Spring of 1988, Marcus Cohen, Edward D. Gaughan, Arthur Knoebel, Douglas S. Kurtz, and David Penegelley began work on a student project approach to calculus. For the next two years, most of their waking hours (and some of their dreams) would be devoted to writing projects for their students and discovering how to make the use of projects in calculus classes not only successful, but practical as well. A grant from the National Science Foundation made it possible for this experiment to go forward on a large scale. The enthusiasm of the original group of five faculty was contagious, and soon other members of the department were also writing and using projects in their calculus classes. At the present time, about 80% of the calculus students at New Mexico State University are doing projects in their Calculus courses. Teachers can use their methods in teaching their own calculus courses. Student Research Projects in Calculus provides teachers with over 100 projects ready to assign to students in single and multivariable calculus. The authors have designed these projects with one goal in mind: to get students to think for themselves. Each project is a multistep, take-home problem, allowing students to work both individually and in groups. The projects resemble mini-research problems. Most of them require creative thought, and all of them engage the student's analytic and intuitive faculties. the projects often build from a specific example to the general case, and weave together ideas from many parts of the calculus. Project statements are clearly stated and contain a minimum of mathematical symbols. Students must draw their own diagrams, decide for themselves what the problem is about, and what toolsfrom the calculus they will use to solve it. This approach elicits from students an amazing level of sincere questioning, energetic research, dogged persistence, and conscientious communication. Each project has accompanying notes to the instructor, reporting students' experiences. The notes contain helpful information on prerequisites, list the main topics the project explores, and suggests helpful hints. The authors have also provided several introductory chapters to help instructors use projects successfully in their classes and begin to create their own.

The author examines the influence of operator algebras on dynamics, concentrating on ergodic equivalence relations. He also covers higher dimensional Markov shifts, making the assumption that the Markov shift carries a group structure.

The description for this book, Order-Preserving Maps and Integration Processes. (AM-31), will be forthcoming.