In image processing, "motions by curvature" provide an efficient way to smooth curves representing the boundaries of objects. In such a motion, each point of the curve moves, at any instant, with a normal velocity equal to a function of the curvature at this point. This book is a rigorous and self-contained exposition of the techniques of  "motion by curvature". The approach is axiomatic and formulated in terms of geometric invariance with respect to the position of the observer. This is translated into mathematical terms, and the author develops the approach of Olver, Sapiro and Tannenbaum, which classifies all curve evolution equations. He then draws a complete parallel with another axiomatic approach using level-set methods: this leads to generalized curvature motions. Finally, novel, and very accurate, numerical schemes are proposed allowing one to compute the solution of highly degenerate evolution equations in a completely invariant way. The convergence of this scheme is also proved.

Based on a graduate course given by the author at Yale University this book deals with complex analysis (analytic capacity), geometric measure theory (rectifiable and uniformly rectifiable sets) and harmonic analysis (boundedness of singular integral operators on Ahlfors-regular sets). In particular, these notes contain a description of Peter Jones' geometric traveling salesman theorem, the proof of the equivalence between uniform rectifiability and boundedness of the Cauchy operator on Ahlfors-regular sets, the complete proofs of the Denjoy conjecture and the Vitushkin conjecture (for the latter, only the Ahlfors-regular case) and a discussion of X. Tolsa's solution of the Painlevé problem.

In this monograph finite generalized quadrangles are classified by symmetry, generalizing the celebrated Lenz-Barlotti classification for projective planes. The book is self-contained and serves as introduction to the combinatorial, geometrical and group-theoretical concepts that arise in the classification and in the general theory of finite generalized quadrangles, including automorphism groups, elation and translation generalized quadrangles, generalized ovals and generalized ovoids, span-symmetric generalized quadrangles, flock geometry and property (G), regularity and nets, split BN-pairs of rank 1, and the Moufang property.

This book explains the foundations of holomorphic curve theory in contact geometry. By using a particular geometric problem as a starting point the authors guide the reader into the subject. As such it ideally serves as preparation and as entry point for a deeper study of the analysis underlying symplectic field theory. An introductory chapter sets the stage explaining some of the basic notions of contact geometry and the role of holomorphic curves in the field. The authors proceed to the heart of the material providing a detailed exposition about finite energy planes and periodic orbits (chapter 4) to disk filling methods and applications (chapter 9).The material is self-contained. It includes a number of technical appendices giving the geometric analysis foundations for the main results, so that one may easily follow the discussion. Graduate students as well as researchers who want to learn the basics of this fast developing theory will highly appreciate this accessible approach taken by the authors.

From the reviews: "Theory of Stein Spaces provides a rich variety of methods, results, and motivations - a book with masterful mathematical care and judgement. It is a pleasure to have this fundamental material now readily accessible to any serious mathematician."J. Eells in Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society (1980) "Written by two mathematicians who played a crucial role in the development of the modern theory of several complex variables, this is an important book."J.B. Cooper in Internationale Mathematische Nachrichten (1979)

This monograph contributes to the existence theory of difference sets, cyclic irreducible codes and similar objects. The new method of field descent for cyclotomic integers of presribed absolute value is developed. Applications include the first substantial progress towards the Circulant Hadamard Matrix Conjecture and Ryser`s conjecture since decades. It is shown that there is no Barker sequence of length l with 13<1<4x10^(12). Finally, a conjecturally complete classification of all irreducible cyclic two-weight codes is obtained.

This text, written by established mathematicians and physicists, provides a systematic, unified exposition of Clifford (geometric) algebras. Beginning with an introductory chapter, the book covers the mathematical structure of Clifford algebras and the basic concepts of Clifford analysis, and then provides a detailed examination of the many applications of Clifford algebras to differential geometry, physics, computer vision and robotics. No prior knowledge of the subject is assumed. The book 's breadth will appeal to graduate students and researchers in mathematics, physics, and engineering.

Contents: P. Lounesto, Introduction to Clifford Algebras; I. Porteous, Mathematical Structure of Clifford Algebras; J. Ryan, Clifford Analysis; W. Baylis, Applications of Clifford Algebras in Physics; J. Selig, Clifford Algebras in Engineering; T. Branson, Clifford Bundles and Clifford Algebras; R. Ablamowicz and G. Sobczyk, Appendix: Software for Clifford (Geometric) Algebras

Geometry, this very ancient field of study of mathematics, frequently remains too little familiar to students. Michle Audin, professor at the University of Strasbourg, has written a book allowing them to remedy this situation and, starting from linear algebra, extend their knowledge of affine, Euclidean and projective geometry, conic sections and quadrics, curves and surfaces. It includes many nice theorems like the nine-point circle, Feuerbach's theorem, and so on. Everything is presented clearly and rigourously. Each property is proved, examples and exercises illustrate the course content perfectly. Precise hints for most of the exercises are provided at the end of the book. This very comprehensive text is addressed to students at upper undergraduate and Master's level to discover geometry and deepen their knowledge and understanding.

The book gathers the lectures given at the C.I.M.E. summer school "Quantum Cohomology" held in Cetraro (Italy) from June 30th to July 8th, 1997. The lectures and the subsequent updating cover a large spectrum of the subject on the field, from the algebro-geometric point of view, to the symplectic approach, including recent developments of string-branes theories and q-hypergeometric functions.

Images or discrete objects, to be analyzed based on digital image data, need to be represented, analyzed, transformed, recovered etc. These problems have stimulated many interesting developments in theoretical foundations of image processing. This coherent anthology presents 27 state-of-the-art surveys and research papers on digital image geometry and topology. It is based on a winter school held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany in December 2000 and offers topical sections on topology, representation, geometry, multigrid convergence, and shape similarity and simplification.

Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. Then one day. that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van Gulik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering: and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics," "CFD," "completely integrable systems," "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order," which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.

The main object of study for this book is geometry, with group theory providing an appropriate language in which to express geometrical ideas. Key features include: An overview of the preliminaries from group theory and geometry Coverage of the discrete subgroups of the Euclidean group A clear and complete derivation and classification of the 17 plane crystallographic groups Tessellations of various spaces (they are constructed, described and classified) A brief introduction to hyperbolic geometry. Each chapter contains a number of exercises, most with solutions, and suggestions for background, alternative and further reading. The author's accessible and down-to-earth approach make this an ideal introduction for readers in the second or third year of a mathematics undergraduate course. It is also recommended for mechanical engineers, architects, physicists and crystallographers needing an understanding of 3-dimensional geometry, symmetry and trigonometry.

Fractals and surfaces are two of the most widely-studied areas of modern physics. In fact, most surfaces in nature are fractals. In this book, Drs. Barabási and Stanley explain how fractals can be successfully used to describe and predict the morphology of surface growth. The authors begin by presenting basic growth models and the principles used to develop them. They next demonstrate how models can be used to answer specific questions about surface roughness. In the second half of the book, they discuss in detail two classes of phenomena: fluid flow in porous media and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). In each case, the authors review the model and analytical approach, and present experimental results. This book is the first attempt to unite the subjects of fractals and surfaces, and it will appeal to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics. Because of the technological importance of MBE, it will also be of interest to scientists, particularly materials scientists, working in industry and research. Interested readers may view a sample chapter by contacting our web site at http://www.cup.org/onlinepubs/Fractals/fracts1.html.

In this book, the author develops a generative theory of shape with two properties fundamental to intelligence: maximizing transfer of structure, and maximizing recoverability of generative operations. The theory is applied in considerable detail to CAD, perception, and robotics. A significant aspect of this book is the development of an object-oriented theory of geometry. This includes a group-theoretic formulation of object-oriented inheritance. In particular, a class of groups is developed called "unfolding groups", which define any complex shape as unfolded from a maximally collapsed version of itself called an "alignment kernel". The group is decomposed into levels corresponding to the inheritance hierarchy within the complex object. This achieves one of the main goals of the theory - the conversion of complexity into understandability. The advantages of the theory are demonstrated with lengthy studies of robot manipulators, perceptual organization, constructive solid geometry, assembly planning, architectural CAD, and mechanical CAD/CAM.

This engaging review guide and workbook is the ideal tool for sharpening your Geometry skills! This review guide and workbook will help you strengthen your Geometry knowledge, and it will enable you to develop new math skills to excel in your high school classwork and on standardized tests. Clear and concise explanations will walk you step by step through each essential math concept. 500 practical review questions, in turn, provide extensive opportunities for you to practice your new skills. If you are looking for material based on national or state standards, this book is your ideal study tool! Features: *Aligned to national standards, including the Common Core State Standards, as well as the standards of non-Common Core states and Canada*Designed to help you excel in the classroom and on standardized tests*Concise, clear explanations offer step-by-step instruction so you can easily grasp key concepts*You will learn how to apply Geometry to practical situations*500 review questions provide extensive opportunities for you to practice what you've learned

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Japanese Conference on Discrete Computational Geometry, JCDCG 2001, held in Tokyo, Japan in November 2001. The 35 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected. Among the topics covered are polygons and polyhedrons, divissible dissections, convex polygon packings, symmetric subsets, convex decompositions, graph drawing, graph computations, point sets, approximation, Delauny diagrams, triangulations, chromatic numbers, complexity, layer routing, efficient algorithms, and illumination problems.

Richard Trudeau confronts the fundamental question of truth and its representation through mathematical models in The Non-Euclidean Revolution. First, the author analyzes geometry in its historical and philosophical setting; second, he examines a revolution every bit as significant as the Copernican revolution in astronomy and the Darwinian revolution in biology; third, on the most speculative level, he questions the possibility of absolute knowledge of the world.

Trudeau writes in a lively, entertaining, and highly accessible style. His book provides one of the most stimulating and personal presentations of a struggle with the nature of truth in mathematics and the physical world.

A portion of the book won the Polya Prize, a distinguished award from the Mathematical Association of America.

The time has now come when graph theory should be part of the education of every serious student of mathematics and computer science, both for its own sake and to enhance the appreciation of mathematics as a whole. This book is an in-depth account of graph theory, written with such a student in mind; it reflects the current state of the subject and emphasizes connections with other branches of pure mathematics. The volume grew out of the author's earlier book, Graph Theory -- An Introductory Course, but its length is well over twice that of its predecessor, allowing it to reveal many exciting new developments in the subject. Recognizing that graph theory is one of several courses competing for the attention of a student, the book contains extensive descriptive passages designed to convey the flavor of the subject and to arouse interest. In addition to a modern treatment of the classical areas of graph theory such as coloring, matching, extremal theory, and algebraic graph theory, the book presents a detailed account of newer topics, including Szemer\'edi's Regularity Lemma and its use, Shelah's extension of the Hales-Jewett Theorem, the precise nature of the phase transition in a random graph process, the connection between electrical networks and random walks on graphs, and the Tutte polynomial and its cousins in knot theory. In no other branch of mathematics is it as vital to tackle and solve challenging exercises in order to master the subject. To this end, the book contains an unusually large number of well thought-out exercises: over 600 in total. Although some are straightforward, most of them are substantial, and others will stretch even the most able reader.

Wondrous One Sheet Origami is a how-to book full of beautiful origami designs covering a wide range of folding levels from simple to high intermediate, with more emphasis on the latter. The book is meant for audiences 12 years of age and above, and children folding at higher than age level. Most of the designs are flat and suitable for mounting on cards or framing as gifts. Features * Richly illustrated full-color book with clear, crisp diagrams following international standard, and an abundance of photographs of finished models * Select designs hand-picked by the author based on social media responses * Most of the designs incorporate color-change, a technique showing both sides of paper for enhanced beauty

The Baum-Connes conjecture is part of A. Connes' non-commutative geometry programme. It can be viewed as a conjectural generalisation of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem, to the equivariant setting (the ambient manifold is not compact, but some compactness is restored by means of a proper, co-compact action of a group "gamma"). Like the Atiyah-Singer theorem, the Baum-Connes conjecture states that a purely topological object coincides with a purely analytical one. For a given group "gamma," the topological object is the equivariant K-homology of the classifying space for proper actions of "gamma," while the analytical object is the K-theory of the C*-algebra associated with "gamma" in its regular representation. The Baum-Connes conjecture implies several other classical conjectures, ranging from differential topology to pure algebra. It has also strong connections with geometric group theory, as the proof of the conjecture for a given group "gamma" usually depends heavily on geometric properties of "gamma." This book is intended for graduate students and researchers in geometry (commutative or not), group theory, algebraic topology, harmonic analysis, and operator algebras. It presents, for the first time in book form, an introduction to the Baum-Connes conjecture. It starts by defining carefully the objects in both sides of the conjecture, then the assembly map which connects them. Thereafter it illustrates the main tool to attack the conjecture (Kasparov's theory), and it concludes with a rough sketch of V. Lafforgue's proof of the conjecture for co-compact lattices in in Spn1, SL(3R), and SL(3C).

Knot Projections offers a comprehensive overview of the latest methods in the study of this branch of topology, based on current research inspired by Arnold's theory of plane curves, Viro's quantization of the Arnold invariant, and Vassiliev's theory of knots, among others. The presentation exploits the intuitiveness of knot projections to introduce the material to an audience without a prior background in topology, making the book suitable as a useful alternative to standard textbooks on the subject. However, the main aim is to serve as an introduction to an active research subject, and includes many open questions.

With a standard program committee and a pre-review process, the Third - ternational Workshop on Automated Deduction in Geometry (ADG 2000) held in Zurich, Switzerland, September 25-27, 2000 was made more formal than the previous ADG '96 (Toulouse, September 1996) and ADG '98 (Beijing, August 1998). The workshop program featured two invited talks given by Christoph M. Ho?mann and Jurgen ] Bokowski, one open session talk by Wen-tsun ] Wu, 18 regular presentations, and 7 short communications, together with software demonstrations (see http: //calfor.lip6.fr/ wang/ADG2000/). Some of the most recent and signi?cant research developments on geometric deduction were - ported and reviewed, and the workshop was well focused at a high scienti?c level. Fifteen contributions (out of the 18 regular presentations selected by the program committee from 31 submissions) and 2 invited papers were chosen for publication in these proceedings. These papers were all formally refereed and most of them underwent a double review-revision process. We hope that this volume meets the usual standard of international conference proceedings, rep- sentsthecurrentstateoftheartofADG, andwillbecomeavaluablereferencefor researchers, practitioners, software engineers, educators, and students in many ADG-related areas from mathematics to CAGD and geometric modeling. ADG2000washostedbytheDepartmentofComputerScience, ETHZurich."

This book is the first monograph dedicated entirely to Willmore energy and Willmore surfaces as contemporary topics in differential geometry. While it focuses on Willmore energy and related conjectures, it also sits at the intersection between integrable systems, harmonic maps, Lie groups, calculus of variations, geometric analysis and applied differential geometry. Rather than reproducing published results, it presents new directions, developments and open problems. It addresses questions like: What is new in Willmore theory? Are there any new Willmore conjectures and open problems? What are the contemporary applications of Willmore surfaces? As well as mathematicians and physicists, this book is a useful tool for postdoctoral researchers and advanced graduate students working in this area.

This book is primarily a textbook introduction to various areas of discrete geometry. In each area, it explains several key results and methods, in an accessible and concrete manner. It also contains more advanced material in separate sections and thus it can serve as a collection of surveys in several narrower subfields. The main topics include: basics on convex sets, convex polytopes, and hyperplane arrangements; combinatorial complexity of geometric configurations; intersection patterns and transversals of convex sets; geometric Ramsey-type results; polyhedral combinatorics and high-dimensional convexity; and lastly, embeddings of finite metric spaces into normed spaces.