English and Its Teachers offers a historical overview of the development of secondary English teaching in schools over the past 50 years. Initially charting the rise of a new progressive approach in the 1960s, the book then considers the implications for the subject and its teachers of three decades of central policy intervention. Throughout, document and interview data are combined to construct a narrative that details the fascinating and, at times, turbulent history. The book is divided into two main parts - 'The age of invention' and 'The age of intervention'. The first of these sections details how innovative English teachers and academics helped to develop a new model. The second section explores how successive governments have sought to shape English through policy. A final part draws comparisons with the teaching of the subject in other major English-speaking nations and considers what the future might hold. English and Its Teachers is a valuable resource for those interested in the teaching of English in secondary schools, from new entrants to the profession, to experienced teachers and academics working in the sector.

Research and writing on secondary education is often a specialised treatment of isolated themes. This reader draws together the most significant work of recent years across a whole range of themes to give students and new teachers an overview of some of the most important issues and challenges that faced secondary teachers in the 1990s. It looks at the central players - the children and the teachers - at the classrooms in which they work together; at the curriculum, both implicit and overt; and at the wider community and political context of secondary education. Divided into sections to allow easy access to material of interest, the book covers: * learners * teachers * classrooms * curriculum * schools. Throughout, the reader addresses the crucial issues of effectiveness, quality and achievement and how these will influence the work of the secondary teacher in the coming years.

Taking as a starting point the most enduring insights to emerge from acclaimed researcher Arthur Applebee's scholarship, this volume brings together leading experts to fully examine his work for its explanatory power and its potential to shape current and future research agendas. Focused on the ways in which students learn, schools teach, and assessors evaluate the forms and uses of language needed to flourish and grow, Applebee's work reconceptualized how educators view language development and use in relation to schooling. Organized around three themes-Considering Curriculum as Conversation; Writing as a Tool for Learning; Talking it Out: Class Discussion and Literary Understanding-the 14 fascinating chapters in this book extend and challenge Applebee's insights.

This book, first published in 1965, discusses the nature of the grammar school, its curriculum and teaching methods, comparisons with sixth form education, and the change in its organisation and attitudes during a time of rapid social change in 1960s Britain. This title will be of interest to students of history, sociology and education.

First published in 1973, this book is based on research carried about by Ronald King on integral parts of school organisation, including the assembly, uniform, rewards and punishments, games and out-of-school activities, curriculum, prefectorial system and school councils, in a sample of seventy-two schools. It measures and explores the level of pupils' involvement in the school, in terms in their evaluations and effective dispositions, in relation to pupil age, sex and social background. This book will be a valuable resource for those studying the sociology and history of education, as well as educational research and school organisation.

Teaching Difficult History through Film explores the potential of film to engage young people in controversial or contested histories and how they are represented, ranging from gender and sexuality, to colonialism and slavery. Adding to the education literature of how to teach and learn difficult histories, contributors apply their theoretical and pedagogical expertise and experiences to a variety of historical topics to show the ways that film can create opportunities for challenging conversations in the classroom and attempts to recognize the perspectives of historically marginalized groups. Chapters focus on translating research into practice by applying theoretical frameworks such as critical race theory, auto-ethnography or cultural studies, as well as more practical pedagogical models with film. Each chapter also includes applicable pedagogical considerations, such as how to help students approach difficult topics, model questions or strategies for engaging students, and examples from the authors' own experiences in teaching with film or in leading students to develop counter-narratives through filmmaking. These discussions of the real considerations facing classroom teachers and professors are sure to appeal to experienced secondary teachers, pre-service teacher education programs, graduate students, and academic audiences within education, history, and film studies. Part and chapter discussion guides, full references of the films included in the book, and resources for teachers are available on the book's companion website www.teachingdifficulthistory.com.

"The authors have provided a unique, strategy-focused resource supported by a wealth of engaging examples that mathematics teachers can readily use to help students develop a more purposeful, systematic, and successful approach to problem solving." -Howard W. Smith, Superintendent Public Schools of the Tarrytowns, Sleepy Hollow, NY "Helps both new and veteran teachers better understand the nature of problem solving as a critical mathematics process. The authors present in very simple terms the strategies that are the backbone of mathematics instruction. This indispensable material is useful at all levels, from basic stages to advanced student work to the development of top problem solvers." -Daniel Jaye, Principal Bergen County Academies, Hackensack, NJ Help students become skilled and confident problem solvers! Demonstrating there is always more than one approach to solving a problem, well-known authors and educators Alfred S. Posamentier and Stephen Krulik present ten basic strategies that are effective for finding solutions to a wide range of mathematics problems. These tried-and-true methods-including working backwards, finding a pattern, adopting a different point of view, solving a simpler analogous problem, and making a visual representation-make problem solving easier, neater, and more understandable for students as well as teachers. Providing numerous sample problems that illustrate how mathematics teachers and specialists can incorporate these techniques into their mathematics curriculum, this updated edition also includes: A variety of new problems that show how to use the strategies References to current NCTM standards Solutions to the problems in each chapter Extensive discussions of the empowering strategies used to solve sample problems The second edition of Problem-Solving Strategies for Efficient and Elegant Solutions, Grades 6-12 helps teachers develop students' creative problem-solving skills for success in and out of school.

The arena in which the preparation of student-teachers for the teaching of mathematics takes place is shifting its foundations and moving its boundaries. The whole basis of teacher education at secondary level is in flux with a move towards teacher-education programmes which are largely school based. Increasingly, there is seen to be an important role for the school teacher who acts as mentor to the student teacher in some relationship with a tutor from the initial training i nstitution.; Teachers who are being encouraged to take on the mentoring role need preparation for its demands and teacher education courses need increasingly to make provision for the education and support of mentors. The purpose of this book is to discuss the mentoring process, to provide ideas and to highlight issues. It provides both practical help and guidance, and a philosophical consideration of the development of mathematics teachers and teaching.

An homage to the life of poet, writer, and teaching artist Judith Tannenbaum and her impact on incarcerated and marginalized students. The Book of Judith honors Judith Tannenbaum but also reflects, through both form and content, on the complexities of seeing both the parts and the whole. The book presents different aspects of Judith-poet, teaching artist, friend, mentor, colleague-through a collection of original poetry, prose, essay, illustration, and fiction from 33 contributors. In so doing, it echoes her own determination to perceive contradiction without judgment. For the next generation of teaching artists in Corrections and elsewhere, the book serves as an inspiration on the qualities needed to survive and thrive in a multi-faceted, ever-changing environment. The book is divided into four sections, separated by riveting black and white pencil drawings inspired by the lives of those serving life in prison without possibility of parole. In Unfinished Conversations, contributors share their bond with Judith Tannenbaum through prose and excerpts from letters both real and imagined. In the second section, After December, poets reflect on the life, artistry, and legacy of Judith. The third section, Looking and Listening, focuses on the truth-seeking qualities that Judith brought to her work. The fourth section, Legacy, features work from winners of an award and a fellowship bestowed in her name.

This book outlines several approaches to reading which challenge former classroom practices. It is through these approaches that all students - from reluctant boys to the most able of either gender - can continue to grow as readers and develop their readiness to seek meaning in texts.

With increasing numbers of learners in secondary schools having English as an additional language, it is crucial for all teachers to understand the learning requirements of these students and plan distinctive teaching approaches to engage and support them. This book provides school leaders, trainee teachers and qualified teachers with the skills and practical knowledge they need to strengthen the learning outcomes of students for whom English is an additional language. Teaching English as an Additional Language in Secondary Schools sets out realistic ways in which EAL learners can be engaged and stretched in their learning, building on their prior literacy, cultural experiences and language learning. It clearly explains the theory and key research into how additional languages are acquired and offers practical classroom teaching and learning strategies to show teachers how they can help EAL learners to access the curriculum and reflect on their learning through assessments. Features include: tasks to help put the ideas into practice case studies illustrating the key challenges faced by EAL learners summaries of key research findings reflections to encourage deeper thinking. Drawing on the daily experiences of teachers and teaching assistants, this book will be essential reading for all trainee and practising teachers that want to ensure students with EAL fulfil their true learning potential.

Pushing forward research on emerging literacies and theoretical orientations, this book follows students from different tracks of high school English in a "failing" U.S. public school through their first two years in universities, colleges, and jobs. Analytical and methodological tools from new literacy and mobility studies are employed to investigate relations among patterns of movement and literacy practices across educational institutions, neighborhoods, cultures, and national borders. By following research participants' trajectories in and across scenes of literacy in school, college, home, online, in transit, and elsewhere, the work illustrates how students help constitute and connect one scene of literacy with others in their daily lives; how their mobile literacies produce, maintain, and disrupt social relations and identities with respect to race, gender, class, language, and nationality; and how they draw upon multiple literacies and linguistic resources to accommodate, resist, and transform dominant discourses.

The Multimedia Writing Toolkit demonstrates how, by drawing on students' interest in and familiarity with technology, you can integrate multimedia to maximize the potential of writing instruction. In eight concise chapters, author Sean Ruday identifies and describes simple, common forms of multimedia that upper-elementary and middle school students can use to improve their argument, informational, and narrative writing and critical thinking. You'll learn how to: Incorporate multimedia into argument, informational, and narrative writing through students' use of video topic trailers, online discussion boards, webpages, and more. Evaluate students on effective use of multimedia through easy-to-follow rubrics and explicitly articulated learning goals. Understand more fully the key forms of multimedia through user-friendly overviews and explanations; you don't need to be a "techie" teacher to use these strategies! Overcome possible obstacles to the integration of multimedia in the classroom by learning from the author's concrete, first-hand examples and instructional recommendations. This book is complete with resources designed to provide you with extra support, including reproducible classroom-appropriate charts and forms, links to key web-based content discussed in the book, and a guide for teachers and administrators interested in using the book for group-based professional development. With The Multimedia Writing Toolkit, you'll have a clear game plan for encouraging your students to become more engaged, technologically savvy learners. Bonus: Blank templates of the handouts are available as printable eResources on our website (www.routledge.com/9781138200111).

Volume III of this landmark synthesis of research offers a comprehensive, state-of-the-art survey highlighting new and emerging research perspectives in science education. Building on the foundations set in Volumes I and II, Volume III provides a globally minded, up-to-the-minute survey of the science education research community and represents the diversity of the field. Each chapter has been updated with new research and new content, and Volume III has been further developed to include new and expanded coverage on astronomy and space education, epistemic practices related to socioscientific issues,design-based research, interdisciplinary and STEM education, inclusive science education, and the global impact of nature of science and scientific inquiry literacy. As with previous volumes, Volume III is organized around six themes: theory and methods of science education research; science learning; diversity and equity; science teaching; curriculum and assessment; and science teacher education. Each chapter presents an integrative review of the research on the topic it addresses, pulling together the existing research, working to understand historical trends and patterns in that body of scholarship, describing how the issue is conceptualized within the literature, how methods and theories have shaped the outcomes of the research, and where the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps are in the literature. Providing guidance to science education faculty, scholars, and graduate students, and pointing towards future directions of the field, Handbook of Research on Science Education Research, Volume III offers an essential resource to all members of the science education community.

This practical book is chiefly intended to help English teachers tackle an area of the new English programme that causes anxiety and about which a large proportion are still uncertain: grammar. Grammar has been an uncertain classroom topic for many years; taught often as a duty, without real progression. In this book, the latest knowledge about grammar is treated as a central component of the meaning making process, in both reading and writing. Pupils can become better readers and write with greater confidence and control as a result of using this approach to grammar. Teachers of other subjects may also benefit from knowing how to integrate some grammatical teaching into the textual interactions of their lessons.

This book is one of a set of eight innovative yet practical resource books for teachers, focussing on the classroom and covering vital skills for primary and secondary teachers. The books are strongly influenced by the findings of numerous research projects during which hundreds of teachers were observed at work. The first editions of the series were best sellers, and these revised second editions of the series will be equally welcomed by teachers eager to improve their teaching skills. Successful secondary teachers operate in many different ways, but they have one thing in common - an ability to manage their classrooms effectively. Without the skills required to do this, the most inspiring and knowledgeable teacher will fail. In Class Management in the Secondary School, Ted Wragg helps teachers to clarify their own aims and to find the strategies which will work for them. Topics covered include: *first encounters *the establishment of rules *relationships *management of time and space *specific discipline problems There are certain skills that teachers possess that are of paramount importance - class management is one of those areas. Effective classroom management can be the single most influential factor in getting it right and is a core teaching skill that both trainee and experienced teachers should constantly be improving on.

Because young adolescents have unique intellectual, social, emotional, and physical needs, there has been a major push to develop strong middle level programs in American schools. This annotated bibliography is a comprehensive guide to literature and resources on middle level education in the United States. Included are more than 1,700 entries for books, articles, dissertations, government reports, newsletters, videotapes, and other materials on various aspects of middle level education. Entries are grouped in topical chapters, and each citation is accompanied by an evaluative annotation. The volume concludes with a descriptive listing of resources, such as organizations and journals.

During the last decade, there has been a major push in the United States to develop strong middle level programs in American schools. The key purpose of such programs is to meet the unique intellectual, social, emotional, and physical needs of young adolescents who are too old to be called children and too young to assume the responsibilities of adulthood. Effective programs are those in which the school administration actively seeks to make the middle school meet the needs of the student, rather than force the student to fit the school.

While the concept of middle level education has existed since the early 1960s, it has received much attention during the last decade, due to the growth of sociological, psychological, and educational research on adolescents. This reference book is a comprehensive guide to literature and resources on middle level education. Included are more than 1,700 entries for books, articles, dissertations, newsletters, government documents, videotapes, and other publications. Entries are arranged in topical chapters, and each entry includes an evaluative annotation. The volume concludes with a descriptive list of resources, such as organizations and journals.

The Multimedia Writing Toolkit demonstrates how, by drawing on students' interest in and familiarity with technology, you can integrate multimedia to maximize the potential of writing instruction. In eight concise chapters, author Sean Ruday identifies and describes simple, common forms of multimedia that upper-elementary and middle school students can use to improve their argument, informational, and narrative writing and critical thinking. You'll learn how to: Incorporate multimedia into argument, informational, and narrative writing through students' use of video topic trailers, online discussion boards, webpages, and more. Evaluate students on effective use of multimedia through easy-to-follow rubrics and explicitly articulated learning goals. Understand more fully the key forms of multimedia through user-friendly overviews and explanations; you don't need to be a "techie" teacher to use these strategies! Overcome possible obstacles to the integration of multimedia in the classroom by learning from the author's concrete, first-hand examples and instructional recommendations. This book is complete with resources designed to provide you with extra support, including reproducible classroom-appropriate charts and forms, links to key web-based content discussed in the book, and a guide for teachers and administrators interested in using the book for group-based professional development. With The Multimedia Writing Toolkit, you'll have a clear game plan for encouraging your students to become more engaged, technologically savvy learners. Bonus: Blank templates of the handouts are available as printable eResources on our website (www.routledge.com/9781138200111).

Originally published in 1969. This is the first volume in a trilogy which compares co-educational and single-sex schools. The study is based on the results of over twenty years' experience among teachers and pupils and examines in detail the differences between the two types of school. This volume focuses on the teachers and on the pupil-teacher relationship.

The professional learning framework this book presents is designed to support teachers' understandings of how language functions in their academic disciplines. This framework-a 4 x 4 metalinguistic toolkit-is informed by systemic functional linguistic theory and international educational research on academic and disciplinary literacies. The book shows and explains how teachers have applied specific 4 x 4 toolkits with students in middle school classrooms across a range of subjects for curriculum literacy instruction, assessment and feedback, resulting in substantial growth for their students in high-stakes national tests of literacy, as well as writing assessments in a number of subjects. In its focus on disciplinary literacies in diverse sociocultural settings, Academic Literacies in the Middle Years responds to contemporary international curricula for English language and literacy and the need for a strong evidence base for professional learning design.

- Anxiety in young people is of increasing concern and support from external agencies is stretched and difficult to access - There is more pressure on schools and colleges to provide early intervention and ongoing support for social emotional development. - This workbook provides a curriculum and materials for delivering group interventions to support young people to reach their potential academically and socially. - The format of teacher/facilitator notes followed by detailed session plans, makes it easily accessible and deliverable without further training and cost. - The content is evidence based and has been trialled extensively with very favourable evaluations.

-Offers an interdisciplinary, eight-lesson module using project- and problem-based learning to help students explore the potential role of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in transportation, with an emphasis on the auto industry, designed to infuse real-world learning into K-12 classrooms. -Written and developed for eighth grade/middle school teachers, the book offers lesson plans guiding students to learn about renewable and non-renewable energy resources, identify the impact of human activities on the biosphere via the lens of the auto industry, develop a plan for a competitive automobile racing team to fuel a vehicle with minimal environmental impact, and share that work in a presentation and visual display. -Anchored in the Next Generation Science Standards, the Common Core State Standards, and the Framework for 21st Century Learning, which can be used in full or in part to meet the needs of districts, schools and teachers charting a course toward an integrated STEM approach.

The Effective Teaching of History brings together the varied expertise of three experienced educationalists to provide a practical and invaluable guide for teachers, and teachers-in-training who wish to teach history Key Stages 1-4. It covers a wide range of methods and resources for teaching national curriculum history and examines the role of history in schools and colleges in the 1990s.

School differentiates students-and provides differential access to various human and material resources-along a range of axes: from elected subjects and academic "achievement" to ethnicity, age, gender, or the language they speak. These categorizations, affected throughout the world by neoliberal reforms that prioritize market forces in transforming educational institutions, are especially stark in societies that recognize their bi- or multicultural makeup through bilingual education. A small town in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with its contemporary shift toward official biculturalism and extensive free-marketization of schooling, is a prime example. Set in the microcosm of a secondary school with a bilingual program, this important volume closely examines not only the implications of categorizing individuals in ethnic terms in their everyday life but also the shapes and meaning of education within the discourse of academic achievement. It is an essential resource for those interested in bilingual education and its effects on the formations of subjectivities, ethnic relations, and nationhood.

Explaining and Exploring Mathematics is designed to help you teach key mathematical concepts in a fun and engaging way by developing the confidence that is vital for teachers. This practical guide focuses on improving students' mathematical understanding, rather than just training them for exams. Covering many aspects of the secondary mathematics curriculum for ages 11-18, it explains how to build on students' current knowledge to help them make sense of new concepts and avoid common misconceptions. Focusing on two main principles to improve students' understanding: spotting patterns and extending them to something new, and relating the topic being taught to something that the pupils already understand, this book helps you to explore mathematics with your class and establish a successful teacher-student relationship. Structured into a series of lessons, Explaining and Exploring Mathematics is packed full of practical advice and examples of the best way to answer frequently asked questions such as: Do two minuses really make a plus? Why doesn't 3a + 4b equal 7ab? How do you get the area of a circle? Why do the angles of a triangle add up to 180 Degrees? How can you integrate 1/x and calculate the value of e? This book will be essential reading for all trainee and practising teachers who want to make mathematics relevant and engaging for their students.