First published in 1997. This book examines recent and contemporary trends in training teachers in special educational needs. It views initial teacher education and subsequent professional development as part of a continuum in which significant opportunities exist for innovation. It presents a series of chapters in support of this optimistic stance which provide practical examples of effective ways of working, written by authors who have direct experience in the field. For student teachers, tutors, lecturers and school-based mentors in both general subjects and SEN.

First published in 1981. Based on a three-year study of children moving into special ESN-M education in an English city in the mid-1970s, this book questions the whole concept of mild educational subnormality by examining the criteria according to which professionals make decisions to place children within this stigmatised category. It suggests that the beliefs that the professionals hold about the behavioural, family and class characteristics of the children help to determine their judgements, and that these beliefs are related to their own position within the social structure.

Mathematical Modelling for Teachers: Resources, Pedagogy and Practice provides everything that teachers and mathematics educators need to design and implement mathematical modelling activities in their classroom. Authored by an expert in Singapore, the global leader in mathematics education, it is written with an international readership in mind. This book focuses on practical classroom ideas in mathematical modelling suitable to be used by mathematics teachers at the secondary level. As they are interacting with students all the time, teachers generally have good ideas for possible mathematical modelling tasks. However, many have difficulty translating those ideas into concrete modelling activities suitable for a mathematics classroom. In this book, a framework is introduced to assist teachers in designing, planning and implementing mathematical modelling activities, and its use is illustrated through the many examples included. Readers will have access to modelling activities suitable for students from lower secondary levels (Years 7 and 8) onwards, along with the underlying framework, guiding notes for teachers and suggested approaches to solve the problems. The activities are grouped according to the types of models constructed: empirical, deterministic and simulation models. Finally, the book gives the reader suggestions of different ways to assess mathematical modelling competencies in students.

Although late to industrialize, East Asia has witnessed rapid development whilst maintaining some of the highest educational enrollment rates and indicators of academic achievement globally. From major players, such as China, to small city-states, such as Singapore, economic success and the growth of education have seemingly unfolded simultaneously. This book seeks to better understand the relationship between these powerful economies and their commitment to educational expansion. Exploring the universalization of upper secondary schooling, it assesses the social foundations of the region's economic development. Chapters covering each of the countries of East Asia trace how upper secondary school functions as the support for the mass manufacturing labor force, which has been instrumental in East Asian economic expansion. These analyses then compare the experiences of the different nations along two major axes: the relationship between public and private provision and the balance between general and vocational tracks. Finally, the analyses go on to examine recent trends, including the slowing of social development and declining fertility, and ultimately asks, can East Asia maintain its world leading development and educational standards in coming decades? Combining a wealth of quantitative data and policy analyses, this book will be useful to students and scholars of Asian and international education.

Work experience schemes were becoming an ever more central part of the curriculum in secondary schools in the early 1980s; indeed, 'work' had become a new subject in many. Fundamental changes in the nature of work and in its distribution and availability for school leavers made it particularly important that young people had experience of the kinds of work that may have awaited them in the outside world. A wide range of schemes were developed to meet this need, including work study, simulation, link courses and pairing. Yet schools and their teachers found it difficult to obtain information about these schemes and their results. This book, originally published in 1982, solved the problem by bringing together accounts from Britain, Australia, Ireland and the USSR, with an extended editorial introduction which examines both the reasons for providing work experience in schools and the underlying social economic issues.

In every online class, some students are wildly successful, some earn average or slightly below-average grades, some barely pass, some fail, and some drop out. Whatever a student's age, situation, or lifestyle, everything needed for successfully completing an online class is right here in this book. Each chapter covers a specific element of online learning and provides the new online student with practical strategies and how-to information so that any student can go into an online classroom prepared to succeed. This book has strategies and tips that every online professor wants students to know before they sign up for an online class. Bowman has provided a reference tool for students to develop self-directed learning skills that will help them become secure and knowledgeable about technology, studying, communicating online, and getting work done on time.

In this book, Rodriguez uses theories of critical literacy and culturally responsive teaching to argue that our schools, and our culture, need sustaining and inclusive young adult (YA) literature/s to meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse readers and all students. This book provides an outline for the study of literature through cultural and literary criticism, via essays that analyze selected YA literature (drama, fiction, nonfiction, and poetry) in four areas: scribal identities and the self-affirmation of adolescents; gender and sexualities; schooling and education of young adult characters; and teachers' roles and influences in characters' coming of age. Applying critical literacy theories and a youth studies lens, this book shines a light on the need for culturally sustaining and inclusive pedagogies to read adolescent worlds. Complementing these essays are critical conversations with seven key contemporary YA literature writers, adding biographical perspectives to further expand the critical scholarship and merits of YA literature.

Raising the school-leaving age has had momentous implications, not only for education but also in terms of broader social, economic and political transformations. Investigating in-depth the progressive raising of the school-leaving age in Britain, particularly since 1944, and placing issues and debates in an international context, the authors reveal the impacts of these contested policies on the development of secondary education on changing conceptions of childhood and youth and on social and educational inequality. They also draw out important connections to the contemporary extension of compulsory participation in education.

Educational Choices, Transitions and Aspirations in Europe analyses educational choices and transitions in eight different European countries/regions and provides an engaging means of considering issues of inequality through international comparisons. The book is underpinned by explorations of theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches, which share the common goal of highlighting and challenging educational inequalities in relation to political imaginings and discursive constructions of notions of aspirations and choice. Beginning with an overview of the theoretical landscape, the book posits ways of understanding transitional experiences through both a social and a political lens. Comprising of chapters that explore these issues within the context of specific countries and at different stages of young people's transitions, the collection examines the features of different European education systems and how they frame transitions and choices, before providing an overall analysis of systemic, institutional and subjective constraints on these processes. The book uniquely opens and develops an intellectual conversation about different education systems with similar educational challenges and outcomes. Assimilating key issues and solutions, this volume also makes general recommendations for policy and practice that would help to promote greater equity and social justice. The book covers a range of transition points and countries, which should make it essential reading for academics, researchers and postgraduate students with an interest in international perspectives on education. It will be particularly useful for those working in education, sociology, social policy, geography, and politics.

Originally published in 1986. Those involved in management in schools are being urged to develop their management skills and many courses are developed for this purpose. At the same time many new issues have arisen which require attention from managers in schools. These include: staff appraisal, curriculum evaluation and action research. This book examines major topics of present concern in the management of secondary schools. It presents much new thinking on these major problems and reports on particular initiatives. The aim is to help improve practice, both by helping trainers focus their courses correctly and by encouraging those involved in school management to approach their work more purposefully. School management is treated from the perspective of the industrial trainer, the Local Education Authority, higher education and the school practitioner.

Have you ever entered a building or room for the first time and felt enhanced--felt your body relax and spirit elevate? The effect of human-made environments on learners' brains is not subjective. According to research studies, we all have measurable responses to the design of a space. However, despite the many resources discussing how to decorate and design elementary school classrooms, few resources on middle and secondary level classroom design are available. This book fills that gap. Moreover, the purpose of this guide is to enhance learning spaces, boost student performances, and positively extend teachers' influence. Every instance where you make well-considered decisions about your classroom helps students lead self-actualized lives. This book will help you make those decisions by providing information about everything from students' favorite seating arrangements to what temperature is ideal for learning. And learners will feel that effort every time they step foot in your room.

Skill Builders are great tools for keeping children current during the school year or preparing them for the next grade level. A variety of fun and challenging activities provides students with practice and helps introduce basic skills to new learners. This full-color workbook contains appropriate passages and exercises based on national standards for third grade to help ensure that children master reading comprehension skills before progressing. Skill Builders combines entertaining and interactive activities with eye-catching graphics to make learning and reviewing fun and effective. The compact 6" x 9" size makes this book perfect for school, at home, or on the go. It features 80 perforated, reproducible pages and an answer key.

Originally published in 1977. This is a lively account of the day-to-day running of European schools based in five countries - France, West Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal. It outlines the organisation of education in these countries, and examines aspects of curriculum, teaching methods, examinations, attitudes of teachers and pupils, buildings, equipment, out-of-school activities, pastoral care, discipline and rules and depicts what it is like to be a pupil or teacher in a European school. The schools discussed are mainly primary and lower secondary grades - the basic compulsory education of each country. Details of working hours, programmes and curricula which are, notably, often government controlled, are given in Appendices. But the author stresses that his aim throughout has been to show how individual schools work and adopt these rules to their own situation. He discusses the relative advantages and drawbacks of different educational systems, and draws his own conclusions about the favourable impressions he gained from many schools and the Awful Warning he saw in a few. This survey throws as much light on schools at home as on those in Europe and suggests that we have a good deal to learn from our neighbours.

Lessons on diction, detail, figurative language, imagery, syntax, and tone help middle and early high school students understand the concept of voice in what they read and develop a strong, personal voice in their own writing. Each voice lesson takes only 10-20 minutes to complete and includes a quotation selected from a wide range of literature, two discussion questions, and an exercise that encourages students to practice what they have learned about the elements of voice. "Discovering Voice" also offers a collection of quotations students can use to create their own voice lessons. Discussion suggestions for each voice lesson and additional activities for teaching voice further promote critical analysis. Each of the seven packs on the elements of voice diction, detail, figurative language 1 (metaphors, similes, and personification), figurative language 2 (hyperboles, symbols, and irony), imagery, syntax, and tone include an introduction, lessons with discussion questions and an exercise, write-your-own voice lessons, a list of additional activities for teaching voice, and discussion suggestions."

Reflecting the internationalization of the field of second language writing, this book focuses on political aspects and pedagogical issues of writing instruction and testing in a global context. High-stakes assessment impacts the lives of second language (L2) writers and their teachers around the world, be it the College English Test in China, Common Core-aligned assessments in the U.S., English proficiency tests in Poland, or the material conditions (such as access to technology, training, and other resources) affecting a classroom. With contributions from authors working in ten different countries in a variety of institutional contexts, the chapters examine the uses and abuses of various writing-related assessments, and the policies that determine their form and use. Representing a diverse range of contexts, methods, and disciplines, the authors jointly call for more equitable testing systems that consider the socioeconomic, psychometric, affective, institutional, and needs of all students who strive to gain access to education and employment opportunities related to English language proficiency.

This book, first published in 1987, attempts to take fresh stock of a man who made a great impact on nineteenth-century English Secondary Education. A quasi psycho-biographical approach is adopted from the beginning so that Thring, the man, is examined from the perspective of his paradoxes, personality and the pervasive influences on him. Specia

Being taught by a great teacher is one of the great privileges of life. Teach Now! is an exciting series that opens up the secrets of great teachers and, step by step, helps trainees, or teachers new to the profession, to build the skills and confidence they need to become first-rate classroom practitioners. Written by a highly-skilled practitioner, this accessible guide contains all the support you need to become a great Physical Education teacher. Combining a grounded, modern rationale for teaching with highly practical training approaches, the book offers clear, straightforward advice on effective practice which will develop students' physical literacy, knowledge and inter-personal skills. Enhanced by carefully chosen examples to demonstrate good practice, and with key definitions and ready-to-use activities included throughout, the book examines the aims and value of teaching PE, and outlines the essential components of providing a good Physical Education to students of all ages and abilities. Planning, assessment and behaviour management are all covered in detail, alongside chapters which focus upon the criteria and objectives of an effective PE curriculum, how to support students with special educational needs and physical disabilities, and how to create practical and effective ways to cater for the most-able students within PE. Teach Now! Physical Education contains all the support required by trainee or newly qualified PE teachers. With advice on job applications, interviews, and your very first term, this book is your essential guide as you start your exciting career as an outstanding Physical Education teacher.

Teachers are the most important determinant of the quality of schools. We should be doing everything we can to help them get better. In recent years, however, a cocktail of box-ticking demands, ceaseless curriculum reform, disruptive reorganisations and an audit culture that requires teachers to document their every move, have left the profession deskilled and demoralised. Instead of rolling out the red carpet for teachers, we have been pulling it from under their feet. The result is predictable: there is now a cavernous gap between the quantity and quality of teachers we need, and the reality in our schools. In this book, Rebecca Allen and Sam Sims draw on the latest research from economics, psychology and education to explain where the gap came from and how we can close it again. Including interviews with current and former teachers, as well as end-of-chapter practical guidance for schools, The Teacher Gap sets out how we can better recruit, train and retain the next generation of teachers. At the heart of the book is a simple message: we need to give teachers a career worth having.

Educational practice does not, for the most part, rely on research findings. Instead, there's a preference for relying on our intuitions about what's best for learning. But relying on intuition may be a bad idea for teachers and learners alike. This accessible guide helps teachers to integrate effective, research-backed strategies for learning into their classroom practice. The book explores exactly what constitutes good evidence for effective learning and teaching strategies, how to make evidence-based judgments instead of relying on intuition, and how to apply findings from cognitive psychology directly to the classroom. Including real-life examples and case studies, FAQs, and a wealth of engaging illustrations to explain complex concepts and emphasize key points, the book is divided into four parts: Evidence-based education and the science of learning Basics of human cognitive processes Strategies for effective learning Tips for students, teachers, and parents. Written by "The Learning Scientists" and fully illustrated by Oliver Caviglioli, Understanding How We Learn is a rejuvenating and fresh examination of cognitive psychology's application to education. This is an essential read for all teachers and educational practitioners, designed to convey the concepts of research to the reality of a teacher's classroom.

Published in 1978, this is a concise and practical guide to the use of linguistic theory and analytical techniques in English language teaching at secondary and tertiary levels of education. Much has been written in this area in the past, but previous emphasis has most often been theoretical. This book is concerned with the realities of teaching, and each technique recommended is explained by reference to actual examples of students' writing and speech. The underlying theory is discussed only when this serves to clarify practice. John Keen demonstrates how students' existing grasp of the uses and processes of English can provide a reliable base from which to develop their language skills in a meaningful and effective way. His own experience has convinced him that the sympathetic use of linguistic insights can help in teaching the conventions of spelling and grammar, developing students' sensitivity to meaning in language and enabling them to use language resourcefully in a variety of contexts - including writing coherently and at length on particular topics. The Bullock Report recommended that language study should be part of every teacher's training. This book indicates some directions that such a language study might take.

Published in 1985. Dialogue between teacher and pupil is a crucial factor in the learning experience. This book questions the role of language as a 'natural' vehicle for learning and considers how it may, in fact, hinder communication. In a detailed examination of day-to-day language practices across a range of subjects, including English, History, Maths and Remedial teaching, in a particular comprehensive school, Robert Hull develops a powerful and coherent critique of the closed and limiting nature of the language employed by classroom teachers. By analysing the texts of school knowledge - worksheets, textbooks and teacher's talk - and relating pupils' views and responses to teachers' intentions and attitudes, he indicates how pupils are denied access to that knowledge, and prevented from sharing their own, by those very practices which are intended to facilitate learning - talk which actually gets in the way of learning. Written by a schoolteacher for schoolteachers, this book should help any training or practising teacher in the primary or secondary context concerned with the crucial relationship between language and learning to develop an alternative approach, and so make better sense in the classroom.

Published in 1988, this book is a teacher's eye view of how children come to write and rewrite poems, and of how they make aesthetic choices in their writing. Drawing on over twenty years' experience of teaching poetry in primary and secondary schools, Robert Hull presents a detailed account of the process of writing poetry in the classroom. The reader is invited, almost in confidence, to be witness to a skilled teacher's planning, recognition, and definition of children's emergent understanding and expertise. The author adopts a non-behaviourist model which stresses difficulty and uncertainty, rejecting a simplistic assumption of linear progression, predictability of outcome, and short-term results. The many examples of poems written by the children demonstrate in a very vivid and impressive way the value of this approach. All teachers, not just of poetry, will find this a fascinating and informed study, and an inspiration for their own work in the classroom.

The challenges that young women go through in order to be successful in the world of dance are well known. However, little is known about the experiences of young men who choose to take dance classes in non-professional settings. Dancing Boys is one of the first scholarly works to demystify the largely unknown challenges of adolescent males in dance. Through an ethnographic study of sixty-two adolescent male students, Zihao Li captures the authentic stories and experiences of boys participating in dance classes in a public high school in Toronto. Accompanied by the boys' artwork and photographs and supported by a documentary-style video, the study explores their motivations for dancing, their reflections on masculinity and gender, and the internal and external factors that impact their decisions to continue to dance professionally or in informal settings. With the author's reflections on his own journey as a professional dancer woven throughout, Dancing Boys will spark discussion on how and why educators can engage adolescent males in dance.

For the first three quarters of the twentieth century, in the heart of our nation, there thrived a safe haven which nurtured great aspirations of thousands of African American youth and their families. "The Sumner Story" highlights the history of a segregated high school which became recognized for the stellar academic performance of its students. Highly qualified faculty who believed in the students' ability to achieve prepared them for a world of competition, hard knocks, compromises and closed doors. The story also denotes and illuminates outstanding career successes of alumni. In a socially and economically segregated nation, black students who had a "Sumner-like" experience were very fortunate because their schools served as clear windows and powerful springboards to promising possibilities. In this regard, nine other segregated high schools are reviewed. Insights can be gained from this story on how to resolve the plight of low-performing schools in socially and economically disadvantaged communities.

Drawing on a wealth of knowledge from a varied list of contributors, this volume addresses the importance of going beyond equal opportunities. The contributors provide a compelling argument for promoting equality in secondary schools. Issues covered include: social class; 'race'; gender; sexual orientation; disability and special educational needs with reference to all subjects taught at secondary school level.