The central unifying theme of this state-of-the-art contribution to research on literacy is its rethinking and reconceptualization of individual differences in reading. Previous research, focused on cognitive components of reading, signaled the need for ongoing work to identify relevant individual differences in reading, to determine the relationship(s) of individual differences to reading development, and to account for interactions among individual differences. Addressing developments in each of these areas, this volume also describes affective individual differences, and the environments in which individual differences in reading may emerge, operate, interact, and change. The scant comprehensive accounting of individual differences in reading is reflected in the nature of reading instruction programs today, the outcomes that are expected from successful teaching and learning, and the manner in which reading development is assessed. An important contribution of this volume is to provide prima facie evidence of the benefits of broad conceptualization of the ways in which readers differ. The Handbook of Individual Differences in Reading moves the field forward by encompassing cognitive, non-cognitive, contextual, and methodological concerns. Its breadth of coverage serves as both a useful summary of the current state of knowledge and a guide for future work in this area.

Descriptosaurus: Ghost Stories builds on the vocabulary and descriptive phrases introduced in the original bestselling Descriptosaurus and, within the context of ghost stories, develops the structure and use of the words and phrases to promote colourful cinematic writing. This essential guide will enable children to take their writing to the next level, combine their descriptions of setting and character and show how the two interact. Children can then experiment with their own ghost stories, armed with the skills, techniques and vocabulary necessary to describe their ghostly scenes in a way that allows the reader to feel the characters' fear and visualise the source of their terror within the setting. This new system also provides a contextualised alternative to grammar textbooks and will assist children in acquiring, understanding and applying the grammar they will need to improve their writing, both creative and technical.

The central unifying theme of this state-of-the-art contribution to research on literacy is its rethinking and reconceptualization of individual differences in reading. Previous research, focused on cognitive components of reading, signaled the need for ongoing work to identify relevant individual differences in reading, to determine the relationship(s) of individual differences to reading development, and to account for interactions among individual differences. Addressing developments in each of these areas, this volume also describes affective individual differences, and the environments in which individual differences in reading may emerge, operate, interact, and change. The scant comprehensive accounting of individual differences in reading is reflected in the nature of reading instruction programs today, the outcomes that are expected from successful teaching and learning, and the manner in which reading development is assessed. An important contribution of this volume is to provide prima facie evidence of the benefits of broad conceptualization of the ways in which readers differ. The Handbook of Individual Differences in Reading moves the field forward by encompassing cognitive, non-cognitive, contextual, and methodological concerns. Its breadth of coverage serves as both a useful summary of the current state of knowledge and a guide for future work in this area.

Reinforce your kindergartner's new skills with Spectrum Spelling. With the progressive lessons in this workbook, your child will practice letter recognition, short vowels, sight words, and dictionary skills. Engage your child with brainteasers, riddles, and puzzles in these full-color spelling lessons from Spectrum(R). Students in grades K-6 will find systematic instruction and practice in spelling patterns, spelling strategies, and spelling skills related to meaning and context. Each workbook also includes a speller's dictionary, proofreader's guide, and answer key. Aligned to current state standards, Spectrum is your child's path to spelling success. Spectrum, the best-selling workbook series, is proud to provide quality educational materials that support your students' learning achievement and success.

This is the ultimate all-in-one guide for teaching writing, spelling, punctuation and grammar in the primary classroom. Providing practical advice on teaching grammar and writing techniques through the use of non-fiction texts, Grammarsaurus is closely aligned to the National Curriculum and ensures teachers are addressing the right topics at the right time. Each chapter focuses on a non-fiction text type: instructions, explanations, non-chronological reports, diary entries, newspaper reports and persuasive texts. There are photocopiable model texts for each year group, along with annotated versions guiding teachers through language features, grammar, spelling and punctuation opportunities, saving hours of lesson planning. Mitch Hudson and Anna Richards, expert teachers and creators of the popular Grammarsaurus website, answer common questions from teachers: 'When should I teach this punctuation mark?', or 'Which spellings should I be teaching my Year 3 class?'. With model texts covering a range of subject areas and up-to-date content using the latest curriculum framework, teachers can feel confident in tackling writing and SPaG across all the key areas of non-fiction. Please note that the PDF eBook version of this book cannot be printed or saved in any other format. It is intended for use on interactive whiteboards and projectors only.

The nation's demographic of public schools are more ethnically, racially, and linguistically diverse than ever before (Strauss, 2014). However, there are still educational policies and practices that call to question whether traditionally marginalized students receive an equitable education. This is demonstrated in national achievement trends, which highlight disproportionality ratings among minoritized student groups. Also when examining school discipline policies, expulsion ratings, special education services, and school choice movements, all seem to handicap educational opportunity for low-income Black and Brown students. As American schools become more and more diverse, it is imperative that the literacy practices used to teach young students of color reflect the nation's changing demographic. This book provides practical insights guided by conceptual and contextual knowledge in understanding how to teach urban African American and Hispanic/Latino(a) students by discussing issues associated with critical pedagogies, literacy, and culturally appropriate instructional strategies that have demonstrated success for traditionally marginalized student populations. This book examines culturally affirming literacy practices from three main components: (1) scholarship, (2) the field of practice, and (3) teacher education models. Each of these three are significant in understanding how to teach minoritized populations. As such, chapters have been organized into three main sections that address scholarship and research, trends in the field, and implications for teacher education models - all in order to advance the literacy achievement of African American and Hispanic/Latino(a) students.

Focused on the teaching and learning argumentative writing in grades 9-12, this important contribution to literacy education research and classroom practice offers a new perspective, a set of principled practices, and case studies of excellent teaching. The case studies illustrate teaching and learning argumentative writing as the construction of knowledge and new understandings about experiences, ideas, and texts. Six themes key to teaching argumentative writing as a thoughtful, multi-leveled practice for deep learning and expression are presented: teaching and learning argumentative writing as social practice, teachers' epistemological beliefs about argumentative writing, variations in instructional chains, instructional conversations in support of argumentative writing as deep learning and appreciation of multiple perspectives, contextualized analysis of argumentative writing, and the teaching and learning of argumentative writing and the construction of rationalities.

Focused on the teaching and learning argumentative writing in grades 9-12, this important contribution to literacy education research and classroom practice offers a new perspective, a set of principled practices, and case studies of excellent teaching. The case studies illustrate teaching and learning argumentative writing as the construction of knowledge and new understandings about experiences, ideas, and texts. Six themes key to teaching argumentative writing as a thoughtful, multi-leveled practice for deep learning and expression are presented: teaching and learning argumentative writing as social practice, teachers' epistemological beliefs about argumentative writing, variations in instructional chains, instructional conversations in support of argumentative writing as deep learning and appreciation of multiple perspectives, contextualized analysis of argumentative writing, and the teaching and learning of argumentative writing and the construction of rationalities.

"Spell Now" is a list-based spelling journal that provides a comprehensive (4,000 words covered) spelling programme at 9 levels including extension levels, suitable for age 4 through to 11+. Each Read more...of the nine books has spelling lists at the appropriate level and activities to reinforce and consolidate the learning of the list words, spelling rules and key phonetic and grammar skills. On each list page extension words based on the list words are also given so students at any level can be extended and challenged. Space is also provided for interest words so words from students' writing or a class topic can be included. Students use the workbook at the appropriate level for them so their individual spelling needs are met.

"Spell Now" is a list-based spelling journal that provides a comprehensive (4,000 words covered) spelling programme at 9 levels including extension levels, suitable for age 4 through to 11+. Each Read more...of the nine books has spelling lists at the appropriate level and activities to reinforce and consolidate the learning of the list words, spelling rules and key phonetic and grammar skills. On each list page extension words based on the list words are also given so students at any level can be extended and challenged. Space is also provided for interest words so words from students' writing or a class topic can be included. Students use the workbook at the appropriate level for them so their individual spelling needs are met.

"Spell Now" is a list-based spelling journal that provides a comprehensive (4,000 words covered) spelling programme at 9 levels including extension levels, suitable for age 4 through to 11+. Each Read more...of the nine books has spelling lists at the appropriate level and activities to reinforce and consolidate the learning of the list words, spelling rules and key phonetic and grammar skills. On each list page extension words based on the list words are also given so students at any level can be extended and challenged. Space is also provided for interest words so words from students' writing or a class topic can be included. Students use the workbook at the appropriate level for them so their individual spelling needs are met.

An important part of the role of developing and reinforcing early reading skills is to ensure that children practise the key skill - taking the meaning from the print. Rhyme is an important support in assisting emerging and developing readers as it adds a contextual and rhythmic structure to the text that children love. "Reading/Listening Comprehension Skills" includes 28 modern rhymes, each followed by a comprehension and word study page so that the poems are used for teaching specific skills as well as providing reading practise. As children get to know and love the poems they naturally enjoy reading them over and over again. Teaching notes give ideas on ways to share poems as a class or in groups so the poems as part of the Literacy Hour is something that students look forward to. Book includes CD of all worksheets.

First published in 1967, Reading and Remedial Reading describes the normal reading programme in the school where the author taught and the diagnosis and treatment of acute difficulties in learning to read. The work deals mainly with so-called educationally maladjusted children, many of whom showed signs of possible damage to the central nervous system, but Mr Tansley believes that the methods and techniques given are applicable to all children, irrespective of levels of intelligence, who are experiencing difficulties to learn. The results achieved are most encouraging and have been tested by numerous expert visitors from this country and abroad. This is a helpful guide to a large number of people- staffs and students in University Education Departments, educational psychologists, remedial teachers, special-school teachers, primary school teachers, and medical officers in the School Health Service.

Learn the ten keys to effective writing instruction! In this dynamic book, bestselling author Lori G. Wilfong takes you through today's best practices for teaching writing and how to implement them in the classroom. She also points out practices that should be avoided, helping you figure out how to update your teaching so that all students can reach success. You'll discover how to... Make sure students have enough work in a genre before you assign writing Develop thoughtful, short writing prompts that are "infinite" and not finite Have students read and learn from master authors in the genre they are writing Create a writing community so that writing is not an isolated activity Use anchor charts and minilessons, along with rubrics and checklists Implement revising strategies, not just editing strategies, taught in context Use conferencing to grow students as thoughtful, reflective writers Let narratives be personal and creative, focusing on details and imagery Let informational writing explore a topic creatively and in depth Let argument writing be situated in real-world application and not be limited to one-sided, "what-if" debates Every chapter begins with an engaging scenario, includes the "why" behind the practice and how it connects to the Common Core, and clearly describes how implement the strategy. The book also contains tons of handy templates that you can reproduce and use in your own classroom. You can photocopy these templates or download them from our website at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9781138812444.

A critical question in social studies education is not whether teachers develop and teach units of study, but what is in the units of study teachers develop and teach. Curricular planning and instruction must focus on what we teach in the social studies classroom. It is not uncommon for students to experience fine units about the westward movement and exit the fifth grade with little or no geographic literacy. Most students leave middle school grades unable to name even one person who made a difference in the history of Indian people in the United States. After three to five years of history classes, high school students routinely self-report that history is boring. And it is the rare middle school graduate who knows how to use a free enterprise economy for his or her benefit. This book explains the content of nine areas in social studies. If teachers know what history, biographical studies, and the United States Constitution mean for instruction, they can increase the probability of better-focused content in their social studies instruction.

Learn the ten keys to effective writing instruction! In this dynamic book, bestselling author Lori G. Wilfong takes you through today's best practices for teaching writing and how to implement them in the classroom. She also points out practices that should be avoided, helping you figure out how to update your teaching so that all students can reach success. You'll discover how to... Make sure students have enough work in a genre before you assign writing Develop thoughtful, short writing prompts that are "infinite" and not finite Have students read and learn from master authors in the genre they are writing Create a writing community so that writing is not an isolated activity Use anchor charts and minilessons, along with rubrics and checklists Implement revising strategies, not just editing strategies, taught in context Use conferencing to grow students as thoughtful, reflective writers Let narratives be personal and creative, focusing on details and imagery Let informational writing explore a topic creatively and in depth Let argument writing be situated in real-world application and not be limited to one-sided, "what-if" debates Every chapter begins with an engaging scenario, includes the "why" behind the practice and how it connects to the Common Core, and clearly describes how implement the strategy. The book also contains tons of handy templates that you can reproduce and use in your own classroom. You can photocopy these templates or download them from our website at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9781138812444.

Dialogic Readers: Children talking and thinking together about visual texts celebrates the sophisticated and dynamic discussions that primary-aged children can have as they talk together to make meaning from a variety of texts, and it highlights the potential for talk between readers as a tool for critical and creative thinking. It proposes a new dialogic theory of reading comprehension that incorporates multi-modal media and adds further weight to the argument that talk as a tool for learning should form a central part of primary classroom learning and teaching. The book explores: * the language of co-construction * children's critical and creative responses to text * the dialogic transaction between text and readers * the use of language as a tool for creating a social cohesion between readers. This significant work is aimed at educational lecturers, researchers and students who want to explore an expanded notion of reading comprehension in the twenty-first century, realizing how opportunities for children thinking creatively together might transform the potential for learning in the classroom. It provides a framework for analyzing co-constructive talk with suggestions for promoting children's critical and creative thinking.

The Internet is transforming the experience of reading and learning-through-reading. Is this transformation effecting a radical change in reading processes as readers synthesize understandings from fragments across multiple texts? Or, conversely, is the Internet merely a new place to use the same reading skills and processes developed through experience with traditional print-based media? Are the changes in reading processes a matter of degree, or are they fundamentally new? And if so, how must reading theory, research, and instruction adjust?

This volume brings together distinguished experts from the fields of reading research, teacher education, educational psychology, cognitive science, rhetoric and composition, digital humanities, and educational technology to address these questions. Its unique structure features short essays, each drawing from its author's realm of expertise and projecting beyond to larger implications for reading research and education. These essays are followed by dialogue between the chapter author and respondents with contrasting viewpoints. The result is a lively exchange where authors are challenged to articulate their perspectives on a fundamental question for 21st century readers and researchers.

A Dialogic Approach to Understanding Reading celebrates the sophisticated and dynamic discussions that primary-aged children have as they talk together to make meaning from a variety of texts, and it highlights the potential for talk between readers as a tool for critical and creative thinking. It proposes a new dialogic theory of reading comprehension which incorporates multi-modal media, and adds further weight to the argument that talk as a tool for learning should form a central part of primary classroom learning and teaching.

The book explores:

This significant work is aimed at educational lecturers, researchers and students who want to explore an expanded notion of reading comprehension in the 21st century realising how opportunities for children thinking creatively together might transform the potential for learning in the classroom. It provides a framework for analysing co-constructive talk with suggestions for promoting children s critical and creative thinking."

Recent national achievement data reveal significant outcome disparities between African American boys and other student groups by grade 4. This issue has drawn much attention from teachers, parents, researchers, and policy makers all across the United States of America. African American boys are not homogeneous in nature. Consequently, Read and Succeed: Practices to Support Reading Skills in African American Boys begins by identifying a host of potential factors that contribute to reading disengagement and under-achievement in African American boys in P-5 contexts. This book presents and discusses a multi-strategic framework for teachers, administrators, librarians, and parents to implement collaboratively to combat this issue. Read and Succeed additionally provides valuable and practical resources for teachers, administrators, and other school officials to use to increase reading engagement and achievement in African American boys.

While it is true that students who struggle with reading can lose important ground during the summer, it is possible to help these students hold onto the previous school year's learning as well as gain new ground to put them ahead for fall. Written by Marti Richardson, a past president of the National Staff Development council and a recognized leader in professional development and curriculum development, Succeeding With Struggling Students details the development and implementation process for a summer reading lab. Designed around a learn-it-teach-it cycle, the lab combines professional development for teachers--to develop their facility with research-based interventions and immediate classroom practice--with the specific interventions to benefit struggling students. With each component of the summer intervention lab blueprint, Richardson offers a description of the model program she developed for her district. For administrators, staff developers, and curriculum directors, she provides a set of questions to assist their district and school teams customize the blueprint to their specific goals, needs, and requirements.

You can open up a world of imagination and learning for children when you encourage the expression of ideas through writing. Kids Have All the Write Stuff: Revised and Updated for a Digital Age shows you how to support children's development as confident writers and communicators, offering hundreds of creative ways to integrate writing into the lives of toddlers, preschoolers, and elementary school students -- whether at home or at school. >You'll discover: * how to implement writing as a part of daily life with family and friends;* processes and invitations fit for young writers;* strategies for connecting writing to math and coding;* writing materials and technologies; and* creative and practical writing ideas, from fiction, nonfiction, and videos to blogs and emails. In order to connect writing to today's digital revolution, veteran educators Sharon A. Edwards, Robert W. Maloy, and Torrey Trust reveal how digital tools can inspire children to write, and a helpful companion Website brings together a range of resources and technologies. This essential book offers enjoyment and inspiration to young writers!

Dockside, the award-winning reading intervention programme, is specifically designed for older children who are struggling with their reading, or for children learning English as an additional language. It provides an opportunity for children to practise their reading skills at a suitable level with age-appropriate storylines. A handy breakdown of key words is included as well as question prompts to encourage discussion. The series is set in an everyday world featuring a range of strong characters and stories to which children can relate, and enjoy, providing a unique approach to reading intervention.

In order for students to write effective informational texts, they need to read good informational texts! In this practical book, you'll find out how to use high-quality books and articles to make writing instruction more meaningful, authentic, and successful. The author demonstrates how you can help students analyze the qualities of effective informational texts and then help students think of those qualities as tools to improve their own writing. The book is filled with examples and templates you can bring back to the classroom immediately. Special Features: Offers clear suggestions for meeting the Common Core informational writing standards Covers all aspects of informational writing, including introducing and developing a topic; grouping related information together; adding features that aid comprehension; linking ideas; and using precise language and domain-specific vocabulary Includes a variety of assessment strategies and rubrics Provides classroom snapshots to show the writing tools in action Comes with a variety of templates and tools that can be photocopied or downloaded and printed from our website, www.routledge.com/books/details/9781138832060 Bonus! The book includes an annotated bibliography-a comprehensive list of recommended informational texts, with suggestions for how to use them.