As recently detailed in an Institute of Medicine Report, pain represents one of the most costly and prevalent public health conditions in the United States, and the burden of pain is substantially greater for women than men. Women make up half of the world's population. Yet, the overall treatment of pain in women remains challenging to this day. The differences between men and women are anatomical, physiological and psychosocial in nature. Consequently, several unique features come to mind when discussing pain as experienced by women, such as pain related to pregnancy, pain related specifically to female organs, and chronic painful conditions which have a higher prevalence in the female population. The purpose of this book is to address the current understanding of mechanisms related to sex differences, and the clinical management of common acute and chronic painful conditions in women, using up-to-date evidence-based information. The painful conditions discussed include those that are specific to female anatomy and physiology and conditions that have a higher female prevalence. The book is divided into three sections. The first section covers basic science topics related to sex differences in pain. The epidemiology of painful conditions with female prevalence; sex differences in response to pain, and to analgesics; the role of sex hormones and genotype in pain perception and analgesia; sex differences in cerebral responses to pain revealed by brain imaging ; and the role of psychosocial factors, including psychological interventions will be discussed in this section. The second and third sections are clinically directed. The second section focuses on pain specific to female patients. Topics include the management of labor pain; the management of painful conditions during pregnancy; and the management of pain in the opioid tolerant pregnant patient. The latter includes discussion on the impact of pain management on the fetus in utero, and on the newborn who is breastfed. Chronic pain specific to females, including dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain and vulvodynia will be discussed in this section. Cancer-related pain issues in women will be addressed in the chapter on persistent pain after breast cancer treatment and the chapter on interventional management of pelvic cancer pain. The third section covers painful conditions with high female prevalence. These include fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and neuropathic pain in complex regional pain syndrome. Visceral pain with female prevalence such as irritable bowel syndrome, chronic pelvic pain of undetermined etiology will also be addressed in this section. This section also includes chapters on the presentation of cardiac pain in women; headaches including migraine; and temporomandibular joint disorders and orofacial pain. The book is intended for a wide readership, including physicians and allied healthcare professionals who encounter female patients with acute or chronic painful conditions. In addition, residents and medical students in training as well as graduate students in health sciences will benefit greatly from this book as they continue to learn about and manage difficult and complex issues related to pain in female patients.

Dr. Connors has provided comprehensive coverage of the pregnant patient with hematologic disorders--from management in early pregnancy to delivery. Hematologic disorders covered include anemia, myeloproliferative disorders, von Willebrand disease, leukemia and lymphoma, thrombochytopenia, and thrombophilia. Other important topics in this issue include anesthesia in the pregnant patient with a hematologic disorder as well as transfusion medicine.

Increasingly more and more children with developmental disabilities survive into adulthood. Pediatricians and other clinicians are called upon to care for an increasing number of children with developmental disabilities in their practice and thus there is a need for a practical guide specifically written for paediatricians and primary care clinicians that addresses major concepts of neurodevelopmental pediatrics. In the United States, the specialty training leading to a conjoint board certification by the American Board of Pediatrics and American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, requires a total of 6 years of training (2 years of pediatrics, 1 year of neurology, 18 months of child neurology, 18 months of neurodevelopmental disabilities). As of December 2006, in the US, there were 241 pediatricians and 55 child neurologists certified in the subspecialty of Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. Thus most of the children with developmental disabilities are seen by pediatricians and therefore it is important for these pediatricians to be well informed of common issues in the field. The 60,000 or so pediatricians in the United States (and hundreds more in other countries) are the main target audience for a practical book on neurodevelopmental pediatrics.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. George Macones and Anthony Odibo, addresses Fetal Monitoring and Assessment. Drs. Macones and Odibo have assembled a panel of experts to pen reviews on topics including indications for fetal growth monitoring and controversies with diagnosis of fetal growth restriction, the role of serum markers and uterine artery Doppler in identifying at-risk pregnancies, the role of amniotic fluid assessment in evaluating fetal well-being, the uses and limitations of the biophysical profile, the umbilical artery Doppler in assessment of fetal growth restriction, the MCA Doppler and its role in evaluation of fetal anemia and fetal growth restriction, Venous Doppler evaluation of the growth restricted fetus, aortic isthmus and cardiac monitoring of the growth restricted fetus, intrapartum fetal monitoring, computerized assessment of fetal heart rate monitoring, STAN as an adjunct to EFM, and signal ambiguity and intrapartum fetal monitoring.

Featuring a range of commonly encountered and important conditions in women's health, "Obstetrics" "& Gynaecology: Clinical Cases Uncovered" allows the reader to understand normal reproductive physiology and anatomy in the context of clinical practice. It highlights aspects of good practice which in real life are considered beyond the presenting symptom.

This unique case-based approach allows the reader to progress through each stage, gaining an understanding of the rationale for investigation and management and to consider other important aspects for holistic care.

"Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Clinical Cases Uncovered" is ideal for medical students and junior doctors, obstetrics and gynaecology trainees, midwives and nurse practitioners.

This new series for surgical pathologists presents "current concepts" in pathology diagnosis, key features, differential diagnosis, overview, pitfalls, and molecular approaches for every disease entity and body region. This publication on gynecologic epithelial tumors includes topics on Clinical approach to diagnosis and management of tumors of the cervis and vulva; Biomarkers in cervical cancer diagnosis; Pathology of vulvar neoplasms; Clinical approach to diagnosis and management of the corpus; Molecular overview of cancer of the corpus; Complex atypical hyperplasia and differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma; High-grade endometrial carcinoma; Familial tumors of the corpus; Clinical approach to diagnosis and management of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum; Molecular overview of cancers of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum; Metastatic carcinomas to ovary; Low-grade serous tumors; High-grade serous carcinoma; Non-serous ovarian epithelial tumors; and Familial tumors of the corpus.

This proposed book draws on the expertise of 35 experts in the field of Addiction Medicine to provide the reader with a current and comprehensive view of addiction as related to women, pregnancy, newborns, infants and children. The volume begins by placing current attitudes towards addicted women in a historical context, and continues with contributions on the relationship of gender to substance abuse research, addiction as a general health issue in women, and ethical dilemmas faced when approaching drug use during pregnancy. The volume discusses high-risk pregnancies and HIV infection related to maternal drug abuse. It details specific pharmacotherapy such as methadone and buprenorphine, and assesses society's punitive view toward illicit drug using women. Finally, the book describes outcomes of newborns, infants and children born following intrauterine drug exposure. Health providers in many related disciplines, specialists in Addiction Medicine, social workers and ethicists are among those who will gain insight into the complex interdisciplinary matrix of abuse in women, its unique relationship to pregnancy, and its impact on drug-exposed children. This book was published as a special issue in the Journal of Addictive Diseases.

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been approved for the diagnosis and staging of gynecologic malignancies for several years now.? This issue reviews the imaging of cervical, uterine, and endometrial cancers.? There is also an articles on the uses of PET/CT for imaging normal and abnormal anatomy, as well as gynecologic imaging using other modalities.? Lastly this issue contains a review of newer radionuclide tracers currently in development.

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Athena Kourtis and Marc Bulterys, examines Perinatal HIV/AIDS. Authorities in the field have come together to offer reviews on topics including Epidemiology of perinatal HIV infection: US and worldwide; Biology of perinatal HIV transmission: Timing, virologic and immunologic factors; Viral sequencing from HIV-infected mothers and infants: Molecular evolution, diversity, and risk factors for mother-to-child transmission; Diagnosis of perinatally-acquired HIV infection; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Antiretroviral strategies; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: The role of Cesarean section; International recommendations for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; Immune-based approaches: active and passive immunization; Breastfeeding and HIV: Biology of transmission and current state-of-the-art regarding prevention; HIV drug resistance and mother-to-child transmission of HIV; Survival and health benefits of breastfeeding versus artificial feeding in infants of HIV-infected women: Developing vs. developed world; Clinical care of the HIV-exposed infant of HIV-infected mothers; Clinical care of the HIV-infected infants; Issues of prematurity and HIV exposure/infection; and Antiretroviral pharmacology: Special issues regarding pregnant women and neonates.

Guest Editor Dr. Libby Edwards has gathered a team of expert contributors to pen articles on a challenging area of Dermatology: Vulvar Disease. This issue of Dermatologic Clinics includes articles on Vulvodynia, Pigmented Diseases, Contact Dermatitis, Vulvar Ulcers, Hidradenitis Suppurativum, Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis, Histology of the Vulva, Vulvar Pruritus and LSC, Vulvar Erosions, Lichen Planus, Lichen Sclerosus, Vulvar Paget's Disease, and Vulvar Edema.

This book presents the contemporary history and dynamics of Mexican midwifery - professional, (post)modern or autonomous, traditional and Indigenous - as profoundly political and embedded in differing societal stratifications. By situated politics, the authors refer to various networks, spaces and territories, which are also constructed by the midwives. By politically situated, the authors refer to various intersections, unsettled relations and contexts in which Mexican midwives are positioned. Examining Mexican midwiferies in depth, the volume sharpens the focus on the worlds in which midwives are profoundly immersed as agents in generating and participating in movements, alliances, health professions, communities, homes, territories and knowledges. The chapters provide a complex panorama of midwives in Mexico with an array of insights into their professional and political autonomy, (post)coloniality, body-territoriality, the challenges of defining midwifery, and above all, into the ways in which contemporary Mexican midwiferies relate to a complex set of human rights. The book will be of interest to a range of scholars from anthropology, sociology, politics, global health, gender studies, development studies, and Latin American studies, as well as to midwives and other professionals involved in childbirth policy and practice.

The PROMPT (Practical Obstetric Multi-Professional Training) course covers the management of a range of obstetric emergency situations. Over the past five years, there has been increasing evidence that PROMPT training is having significant impact on outcomes in the UK, and internationally. In 2016, PROMPT was recognised in the NHS England: National Maternity Review. The PROMPT training package consists of interactive lectures, drills and workshops, providing hands-on experience of practical skills and team-working in simulated obstetric emergency situations. This third edition has been comprehensively updated in line with recent evidence and national and international guidelines to reflect the latest research and current clinical practice. There are new modules, algorithms, implementation tools, scenarios and videos. The course manual is essential reading for all those attending a local PROMPT course. It is also useful as a stand-alone textbook, providing evidence-based, up-to-date information for any health professional involved in maternity care.

Genetic Screening and Counseling is reviewed in this issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Anthony R. Gregg and Joe Leigh Simpson. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on Contemporary Genetics Counseling: New Frontiers and Challenges, Newborn Screening, SMA Carrier Screening, Fragile X, Ashkenazi Jewish Screening in the 21st Century, Thrombophilia in Obstetric Practice, Microarrays in the Practice of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Genetic Screening, and Cystic Fibrosis.

This issue of the Surgical Oncology Clinics will focus on new advances in Breast Cancer Surgery, and will include articles on Chemoprevention, Breast MRI, Genomics, Sentinel Node Biopsy, Extra-axillary Sentinel Nodes, Skin-Sparing and Nipple Sparing Mastectomy, Oncoplastic Techniques, Neoadjuvant Hormonal Therapy, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy, Adjuvant Chemotherapy, and Biologic Targeted Therapies.

This publication presents topics on Current Clinical Indications for Breast MRI; How to set up breast MRI practice; MR-BIRADS Lexicon; Optimization of breast MRI at 1.5 Tesla(T) and at 3 Tesla; Role of MRI in evaluating extent of disease; Update on Screening breast MRI in high risk women; MRI of DCIS; Role of breast MRI in the assessment of Invasive lobular carcinoma; Breast MRI Interventions: Indications, Technique, and Histologic Correlation; Role of Breast MRI in problem-solving; Benign lesions detected on breast MRI; Clinical Oncologic Perspective of Breast MRI; Role of breast MRI in neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.

Part of the comprehensive Biopsy Interpretation Series, the second edition of Biopsy Interpretation of the Uterine Cervix and Corpus provides an easy-to-follow, practical approach to normal histology, non-neoplastic conditions, and neoplasia of the cervix and uterine body. Focusing on the most common biopsies, this up-to-date bench reference emphasizes morphologic features and immunohistochemistry in the diagnostic material, with close attention paid to differential diagnosis, including benign mimics of tumors.Key Features Stay up to date with what's new in gynecologic pathology with an all-new chapter on metastatic tumors, plus updated references and terminology throughout. Focus on differential diagnosis and frequently encountered pitfalls of the most common entities observed in the cervix, endometrium, and myometrium. Clearly visualize the specimens you're likely to see with hundreds of high-quality images, both in the text and online. Get up-to-date guidance on ancillary tests such as in situ hybridization for HPV and molecular studies for microsatellite instability assessment and molar pregnancy. Test your knowledge online with over 50 questions ideal for self-assessment. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: 50 questions for review and self-assessment, plus over 1,000 additional full-color images available only online. Complete content with enhanced navigation Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use

This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Alan Spitzer and Dan Ellsbury, examines Quality Improvement in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine. The first part of the issue addresses Tools of Quality Improvement and includes articles on The Quality Chasm in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine; Evaluating the Medical Evidence; The Vermont Oxford Network Database; The Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse; Role of Regional Collaboratives: The California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative Model; A Primer on Quality Improvement Methodology; Using Statistical Process Control Methodology; Human Factors in Quality Improvement, Random Safety Audits, Root Cause Analysis, and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis; Collaboration Between Obstetricians and Neonatologists: Perinatal Safety Programs and Improved Clinical Outcomes; and Pay for Performance: A Business Strategy for Quality Improvement in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. The second part of this issue addresses Specific Applications of Documented Quality Improvement Methodology in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine and includes articles on Delivery Room Intervention-Improving the Outcome, Reducing Retinopathy of Prematurity, Improving Breast Milk Use During and After the NICU Stay, Decreasing Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection, and Decreasing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

This book brings together the most up-to-date information about the physiology of progestogens. Addressing the bidirectional communication between hormones, fertility, tumors, and autoimmunity, it provides the basic science and clinical perspectives of progestogens which have not been previously available in one volume. In addition to estrogens, androgens, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, progestogens are a major class of steroid hormone. While present in certain phases of estrous and menstrual cycles, progestogens are named for their function in maintaining pregnancy. This book is essentially practical in orientation, addressing the specific issues that confront the practitioner, and provides information to Obstetricians, Gynecologists, Reproductive endocrinologists, as well as Gynecological Oncologists and Rheumatologists. Contributions are from an international team of experts in the field, now completely updated in this new edition with new developments in primary dysmenorrhea and contraception.

This highly practical text on gynecologic emergencies includes sonographic findings and laparascopic investigations and management for point-of-care assessment. Gynecologists, emergency physicians, and other providers will find this an invaluable resource for information on what to do in a crisis.

This book provides an exam-focused revision guide to both anaesthetic and surgical instruments. This is a comprehensive guide to passing an exam station and includes commonly tested knowledge. The Anaesthetic section includes airway, breathing, circulation and analgesia equipment. Surgical instruments include those used in cardiothoracic surgery, ENT, general surgery, orthopaedics and urology. Each instrument entry follows a standard format - description, indications for use, contraindications and complications. The standard format ensures that learning about each instrument and when to use it is faster and easier, thus optimising exam recall. Fully illustrated with all the core anaesthetic and surgical instruments Concise, easy-to-remember text Portable and practical Suitable for a wide range of health professionals The instrument syllabus is a small yet significant part of many exams, and this concise study guide will benefit a wide range of medical and surgical trainees, including those sitting the FRCA and MRCS examinations. Healthcare professionals, including nurses (ward or theatre), operating department practitioners and physician assistants (PAs), will also find the content useful as an on-the-job aide. About the Author: Dr Kelvin Yan, MRCP, AICSM is an NIHR Academic Clinical Fellow, University of Oxford and an Honorary Clinical Research Fellow, Imperial College London.

This book provides an exam-focused revision guide to both anaesthetic and surgical instruments. This is a comprehensive guide to passing an exam station and includes commonly tested knowledge. The Anaesthetic section includes airway, breathing, circulation and analgesia equipment. Surgical instruments include those used in cardiothoracic surgery, ENT, general surgery, orthopaedics and urology. Each instrument entry follows a standard format - description, indications for use, contraindications and complications. The standard format ensures that learning about each instrument and when to use it is faster and easier, thus optimising exam recall. Fully illustrated with all the core anaesthetic and surgical instruments Concise, easy-to-remember text Portable and practical Suitable for a wide range of health professionals The instrument syllabus is a small yet significant part of many exams, and this concise study guide will benefit a wide range of medical and surgical trainees, including those sitting the FRCA and MRCS examinations. Healthcare professionals, including nurses (ward or theatre), operating department practitioners and physician assistants (PAs), will also find the content useful as an on-the-job aide. About the Author: Dr Kelvin Yan, MRCP, AICSM is an NIHR Academic Clinical Fellow, University of Oxford and an Honorary Clinical Research Fellow, Imperial College London.

Pregnancy and childbirth brings together, for the first time, western and eastern approaches providing a sound amalgamation of theoretical and practical information for bodywork practitioners world-wide. It describes in detail the application of massage and shiatsu from early pregnancy, including work during labour and for the first year postnatally for the mother. This is a useful source of information for massage therapists, shiatsu practitioners, osteopaths, physical therapists, chiropractors, reflexologists, aromatherapists, acupuncturists, yoga and Pilates instructors. For Students and practitioners to use as a learning manual and reference tool, the text provides: Clarity of information Full text referencing Clear diagrams, photographs, and summary boxes Clinical accuracy: reviewed by, and with contributions from, international specialists including midwives, obstetricians, osteopaths, chiropractors, acupuncturists, aromatherapists and massage therapists.

This issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, guest edited by Drs. William Rayburn and Kathleen Kennedy, addresses some of the most challenging issues Obstetrician-Gynecologists face in their practice. It includes articles on psychological and behavioral issues influencing women's health including depression, sexual function, intimate partner violence, and substance dependence.

The subject of medicalisation of childbirth in colonial India has so far been identified with three major themes: the attempt to reform or 'sanitise' the site of birthing practices, establishing lying-in hospitals and replacing traditional birth attendants with trained midwives and qualified female doctors. This book, part of the series The Social History of Health and Medicine in South Asia, looks at the interactions between childbirth and midwifery practices and colonial modernities. Taking eastern India as a case study and related research from other areas, with hard empirical data from local government bodies, municipal corporations and district boards, it goes beyond the conventional narrative to show how the late nineteenth-century initiatives to reform birthing practices were essentially a modernist response of the western-educated colonised middle class to the colonial critique of Indian sociocultural codes. It provides a perceptive historical analysis of how institutionalisation of midwifery was shaped by the debates on the women's question, nationalism and colonial public health policies, all intersecting in the interwar years. The study traces the beginning of medicalisation of childbirth, the professionalisation of obstetrics, the agency of male doctors, inclusion of midwifery as an academic subject in medical colleges and consequences of maternal care and infant welfare. This book will greatly interest scholars and researchers in history, social medicine, public policy, gender studies and South Asian studies.

This issue of Ultrasound Clinics provides a general overview of women's imaging with ultrasound. Included in the issue are articles on imaging breast masses, performing breast biopsies using ultrasound, and postsurgical follow up. The remainder of the issue reviews obstetric topics such as ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy-related genitourinary diseases, and first trimester bleeding, and gynecologic topics such as postmenopausal bleeding, endometriosis, and ovarian torsion among others.