Cardiac disease is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Catastrophic outcomes typically encountered are due to gaps in knowledge and communication between health care providers. There is a great need for a standardized approach for care of this very high-risk group of pregnant women. The book encompasses detailed obstetrics and cardiology perspectives that are crucial in the management of the commonly encountered cardiac conditions in pregnancy. This text aims to provide guidance to the whole team caring for a pregnant cardiac patient consisting of obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine, hospitalists, cardiologists, obstetric anaesthesiologists, emergency physicians, primary care providers and nurses. Features: Cardio-Obstetric team organization Preconception counselling and family planning considerations Cardiovascular disease screening and risk stratification of a pregnant cardiac patient Management of a wide spectrum of cardiovascular diagnoses through use of checklists and algorithms in a simple format Essential key points for each cardiac diagnosis

Pelvic floor disorders affect a large proportion of women worldwide. This book is a highly practical guide highlighting all the varying forms of such problems. Included are chapters on the pathophysiology of the female pelvic floor, the evaluation and diagnosis of problems, the practical management of symptoms, and the complications that can arise from surgical and medical treatment.

Written by two urologists and a genitourinary physician, this impeccably researched text provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of sexual health, exploring a range of topics such as: sexually transmitted infections; contraception; urological conditions; genital dermatoses; sexual dysfunction; novel therapeutic options. With a clear, symptom-based format, this is an ideal quick reference guide for the consulting room and the ward.

Taking patients through all aspects of cancer care, this book provides specific, accurate information on various tumour types and treatment modalities, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and complementary therapy. Unlike many patient guides, it explores holistic health and wellbeing as well as psychological responses, recognising distress and the treatments and interventions to help.World-renowned surgeon Richard Smith, founder of Uterine Transplant UK, uses inclusive, accessible language as well as pictorial models of doctor-patient communication to describe all of the common gynaecological cancers, their epidemiology, staging and treatment. Speaking directly to the patient and her family, he discusses not only the medical but also the psychological, spiritual and religious aspects to coping and living with a cancer diagnosis.Written for patients and their families, this book will also be an invaluable resource for nurses, and medical and nursing students, working within the field of gynaecological cancers.All royalties from this book are being donated by the authors to Womb Transplant UK, Registered Charity no.1138559. For more information please visit wombtransplantuk.org/.

The life and work of Ignaz Semmelweis is among the most engaging and moving stories in the history of science. "Childbed Fever" makes the Semmelweis story available to a general audience, while placing his life, and his discovery, in the context of his times. In 1846 Vienna, as what would now be called a head resident of obstetrics, Semmelweis confronted the terrible reality of childbed fever, which killed prodigious numbers of women throughout Europe and America. In May 1847 Semmelweis was struck by the realization that, in his clinic, these women had probably been infected by the decaying remains of human tissue. He believed that infection occurred because medical personnel did not wash their hands thoroughly after conducting autopsies in the morgue. He immediately began requiring everyone working in his clinic to wash their hands in a chlorine solution. The mortality rate fell to about one percent. While everyone at the time rejected his account of the cause of the disease because his theory was fundamentally inconsistent with existing medical beliefs about how diseases were transmitted, in time Semmelweis was proven to be correct. His work led to the adoption of a new way of thinking about disease, thus helping to create an entirely new theory--the etiological standpoint--that still dominates medicine today.

This book contains a series of clinical cases that address and illustrate difficult problems in obstetric ultrasound. The approach is strongly didactic and will aid trainees in maternal-fetal medicine and obstetrics to appreciate potential pitfalls and recognize rare presentations. Each case sets out one page of text, then one of treatment algorithms, and then presents sample ultrasound scans. Learning objectives are given for each case, together with a short list of references and background reading.

Now in its second edition, this bestselling title has been extensively revised and expanded to include new topics on: obesity and breast cancer induction of anti-hormone and anti-growth factor resistance in breast cancer clinical implications of testosterone and breast cancer insulin-like growth factors discussions on the biological, genetic, and molecular pathways linked to the development and progression of breast cancer analyses on the latest therapeutic strategies, prognostic and predictive factors, and prevention strategies Examining new developments, Breast Cancer: Prognosis, Treatment, and Prevention, Second Edition also covers: the mechanism involved in carcinogenesis the relationship among a fetus, pregnancy, and breast cancer recent developments in endocrine treatment the relationship among hormone replacement therapy, cytotoxic therapy, and other non-hormonal approaches for the treatment of metastases management of locally advanced breast cancer, and the importance of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 in hereditary breast cancer With new topics and updated chapters, this new edition keeps both oncologists and radiologists abreast of the current trends and advancements in the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of breast cancer.

APPRAISAL AND REVALIDATION SERIES The new Appraisal and Revalidation Series helps doctors demonstrate their competence to the standard expected by the General Medical Council and to the standard expected if they are recognised as having 'special clinical interests'. It helps doctors gather evidence of their performance for appraisal and revalidation portfolios. This fifth book in the series examines the practical ways to identify learning and service needs within the areas of substance abuse palliative care musculoskeletal conditions and prescribing practice. It also provides guidance on how to collect data to demonstrate learning competence performance and service delivery standards. All general practitioners and those with special clinical interests and primary care organisation leads will find this book essential reading. For more information on other titles in this series please click here

The major objective of our studies in the last decade was a systematic analysis of maternal diseases during pregnancy to reveal their possible adverse effects on birth outcomes. The two most important factors of infant mortality were parti- larly analyzed: structural birth defects, known as congenital abnormalities (CAs) and preterm birth (PB). In general the objectives of scienti c studies might be either to test a new hypothesis or to con rm or confront previously published results. However, less frequently the authors/scientists have personal motivations determined by their professional activities. The authors of this book are practicing physicians and genetic epidemiologist who are mainly interested in the following three practical questions: 1. The possible adverse effects of pharmaceutical products. The possible t- atogenic potential of about 170 drugs has been evaluated very thoroughly using the data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCSCA) in the last 50 years. These drugs were used to treat maternal diseases and the ndings of our population-based case-control studies will be cited in this book and are shown in the Appendix at the end of the book. However, our long experiences showed two problems in the drug teratology. In general the evaluation of clinical doses of these drugs is a particularly dif- cult challenge due to the modi cation effects of confounders. This problem motivated one of the authors to establish a new model of disaster epidemiology.

This book, written for the layperson, provides evidence-based material explaining the complex and evolving evidence of the benefits and limitations of breast cancer screening and the advances in breast cancer treatment. A diagnosis of breast cancer is one of the most emotionally charged statements a woman can hear from her doctor. Understanding the rapid changes in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is challenging, especially for those without a medical background. This book will help explain the strengths and weaknesses of breast cancer screening, breast cancer treatment, and ways of coping with the disease (for oneself or a loved one). Written for the layperson, this text explains the history of disease prevention with a specific emphasis on breast cancer detection and treatment. The main chapters weigh the pros and cons of well-known but often mystifying screening tests, such as mammograms; discuss the benefits and side effects of targeted hormone therapies; consider holistic regimens that complement traditional medicine; and explore the mental, physical, and emotional strain caused by breast cancer. Concluding with the current breast cancer screening guidelines recommended by leading organizations in disease prevention, Breast Cancer Facts, Myths, and Controversies not only engages with the history of breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, it looks ahead to a brighter future for survivors. Includes reader-friendly descriptions of screening tests and treatments, along with their benefits and risks Addresses the debate surrounding modern biomarker and genetic tests and whether or not testing is excessive Includes a list of support groups and organizations, as well as a summary of screening guidelines Includes a glossary of breast disease terms and terms used in testing and treatment Written by an expert epidemiologist known internationally whose career has focused on women's health

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is becoming an increasingly prevalent disease as obesity and other chronic diseases are on the rise. It requires careful and informed clinical management as the care received during pregnancy affects not only perinatal health but the risk of developing type 2 diabetes even decades into the future, in both the mother and the child.From epidemiology and pathophysiology to diagnosis and management, covering recent breakthroughs in research and up-to-date developments in clinical practice, Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy offers the reader a comprehensive and current look at Gestational Diabetes. Anyone involved in the research, public health or clinical aspects of Gestational Diabetes will find this volume a valuable aid in consolidating all recent developments regarding this disease.

The fourth volume in the Atlas of Human Central Nervous System Development series, The Human Brain During the Late First Trimester provides new information about features of the perinatal brain. It deals with brain development during the late first trimester (GW11-GW7.5). The major theme of this volume is the identification of stretches and patches (mosaics) of the NEP matrix along the hypertrophied telencephalic, diencephalic, mesencephalic, and rhombencephalic superventricles. Many putative migratory paths of young nerons on their way to their settling sites are also identified. In the younger specimens, the brain sections are presented as they are embedded in the skull and developing facial structures. The older specimens show the onset of development of some of the large fiber tracts. Like the rest of the series, it contains photographs of the entire brain arranged in companion plates that include two parts: a large, high resolution black and white photograph and a "ghost image" of the photograph with unabbreviated labels. It is a user-friendly survey of the complex structural processes that occur during human CNS development. This volume can be purchased as part of the complete five volume set.

This is a new book on the integrated management of vulvovaginal disease. The authors come from a variety of backgrounds - gynaecology, dermatology, pathology and psychology - and describe a multidisciplinary approach to these conditions. The book has the most complete classification of vulvovaginal disease published, based on the etiology of 275 conditions; coverage includes benign, malignant, and functional (including psychosexual) diseases. Each disease has a descriptive summary, pathological features, and treatment guidelines. The book is illustrated in full color throughout.

The potential impact of work being conducted in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics upon clinical practice for gynecologists is immense but not yet completely appreciated. This groundbreaking text from international experts examines the newest topics on the perinatal agenda and gives clinicians a real look into the future via the newest methodologies.

This beautifully illustrated book provides a practical step-by-step guide to all the laparoscopic and hysteroscopic procedures performed by gynecologists. Each procedure is described in detail and fully illustrated with color photographs. The potential complications are described, and the circumstances in which a procedure is contraindicated are examined. The Third Edition of the "Manual of Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Techniques" has been expanded and extensively updated with new chapters including: transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy, laparoscopy radical trachelectomy, laparoscopic abdominal cerclage, and hysteroscopy sterilization. "Manual of Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Techniques" is an invaluable resource for busy practicing gynecologists who want to learn step-by-step techniques of a surgical procedure.

Understanding immunology is increasingly important in obstetrics and gynecology. Written primarily to meet the needs of practicing obstetricians and gynecologists, this book explores the role of immunological processes in reproduction. It presents immunologic concepts and illustrates important points with examples familiar to the clinician. The book is organized into four sections that explore the fundamentals of the immune system, the immunological paradox of pregnancy, clinical applications of immunology in obstetric and gynecologic practice, and immunopathology in obstetric and gynecologic practice. Written mainly for practicing obstetricians and gynecologists, the research results cited in the book are based on human experimentation. Fully illustrated with clear schematic drawings that highlight important concepts and processes, The Immunology of Human Reproduction gives readers an essential overview of immunology as it relates to human reproduction.

There are many possible causes of pelvic pain in a non-pregnant female patient, and it has been estimated to be responsible for nearly 40% of all visits by female patients to a family doctor and 10% of all referrals to specialist gynecologists. However, the topic of how to investigate and diagnose has been surprisingly neglected in print. This important and much-needed text from internationally respected experts shows how important ultrasound can be as a tool for physicians caring for women's health.

Covers gestational and chronic hypertension in addition to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome and discusses the interaction with the renal, hematological, neurological, and hepatic systems of pregnant women.

Get Through MRCOG Part 2: MCQs covers the breadth and depth of the MRCOG Part 2 examination syllabus and is an essential revision tool for candidates preparing for this examination. The comprehensive and wide collection of practice questions is designed to help the candidate test and assess their knowledge of the subject, aiding them in thorough preparation for the exam. The text contains 750 multiple choice stems, each with around four associated questions, providing the reader with a total of 3000 individual questions with which to test themselves. The material is divided up by subject area, allowing candidates to test their knowledge on a particular topic. The 13 'modules' are followed by two mock papers, each containing a selection of questions on different subject areas, which the reader can attempt under timed conditions. Answers are provided, with useful explanatory information for all questions to help the reader understand why their answer is right or wrong. The author, Paul Ayuk, was clinical lecturer in obstetrics and gynaecology at Oxford University for 6 years and has run an on-line MRCOG course for over 5 years, assisting over 8000 candidates worldwide.

Get Through MRCOG Part 2: Short Answer Questions is an essential revision guide for candidates preparing for the MRCOG Part 2 exam. This comprehensive collection of practice Short Answer Questions (SAQs) is designed to help candidates test and assess their own knowledge, aiding thorough preparation for the exam. The book opens with an introduction to the exam and includes advice on how to prepare for it, information on what to expect, and guidance on how to write excellent answers. This is followed by two sections: the first provides a wide range of SAQs divided into obstetric and gynaecological topics, and the second presents six practice exams set out in the format of the actual exam. For each question, the authors highlight the key words in the question, followed by a brief essay plan and then give a worked example answer. The specimen answers indicate how many marks the candidate would obtain for each point made, and are supplemented with valuable extra information and further reading, to enhance understanding and aid further revision.

The discovery of ER by Dr. Elwood Jensen exactly 60 years ago has not only led to the birth of a whole new vital nuclear receptor research field but also made a rapid, direct and lasting impact on the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Since that landmark discovery, tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the molecular functions of ER and development of targeted therapies against ER pathways for breast cancer treatment. However, there is currently no book available addressing these discoveries and recent advancement in a historical and systematic fashion. This book is intended to provide comprehensive, most up-to-date information on the history and recent advancement of ER and breast cancer by world renowned leaders in the field. These chapters include the history of the discovery of ER; physiological and pathological roles of ER; recent discovery of ER cistrome, transcriptome and its regulation of noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and enhancer RNAs in breast cancer; development and clinical practices of the first targeted therapy Tamoxifen and other antiestrogens for breast cancer treatment; structural basis of ER and antiestrogen actions; molecular insights into endocrine resistance; the role of ER mutants, ER-beta and environmental estrogens in breast cancer; and emerging state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches currently in development to overcome treatment resistance and future perspectives. The book will provide undergraduate and graduate students, basic scientists and clinical cancer researchers, residents, fellows, as well as clinicians, oncology educators and the general public a thorough and authoritative review of these exciting topics.

The Routledge International Handbook of Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health is the authoritative reference work on important, leading-edge developments in the domains of women's sexual and reproductive health. The handbook adopts a life-cycle approach to examine key milestones and events in women's sexual and reproductive health. Contributors drawn from a range of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, nursing and midwifery, sociology, public health, women's studies, and indigenous studies, explore issues through three main lenses: the biopsychosocial model feminist perspectives international, multidisciplinary perspectives that acknowledge the intersection of identities in women's lives. The handbook presents an authoritative review of the field, with a focus on state-of-the-art work, encouraging future research and policy development in women's sexual and reproductive health. Finally, the handbook will inform health care providers about the latest research and clinical developments, including women's experiences of both normal and abnormal sexual and reproductive functions. Drawing upon international expertise from leading academics and clinicians in the field, this is essential reading for scholars and students interested in women's reproductive health.

There are many possible causes of pelvic pain in a non-pregnant female patient, and it has been estimated to be responsible for nearly 40% of all visits by female patients to a family doctor and 10% of all referrals to specialist gynecologists. However, the topic of how to investigate and diagnose has been surprisingly neglected in print. This important and much-needed text from internationally respected experts shows how important ultrasound can be as a tool for physicians caring for women's health.

The Diploma of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaceologists (DRCOG) examination consists of 60 multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 22 six minute structured clinical examination stations (OSCEs), of which two are rest stations. This one day examination is designed for General Practice trainees, ideally with six months' experience in obstetrics and gynaecology at the senior house officer grade.This book presents three complete DRCOG MCQ and OSCE circuits and encompasses all the possible MCQ and OSCE topics that can and have been asked in the DRCOG examination. They are presented in an identical way to the exam itself.The author, Mrs Una Coales MD, FRCSEd, DRCOG, trained in medicine in the USA and moved to practise in the UK. She has taken and passed the DRCOG exam herself and has also published popular exam texts for PLAB Parts 1 and 2.

Based on the protocols in use at the highly acclaimed King's College Hospital in London, Clinical Protocols in Labour presents a consensus of the best and most appropriate techniques for standard delivery and uncommon clinical scenarios. Each chapter is written as a stand-alone unit making the information easy to find. Coverage ranges from a general approach to care, normal labour, and care of the baby to specific issues such as eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, uterine rupture, and postpartum bleeding. In addition, the book includes protocols for emergency closure of the labour ward, communication among members of the labour team, and more. A compact, authoritative volume, Clinical Protocols in Labour provides practical templates for the perinatal management of women and their babies during labour and delivery.