Preventing Misdiagnosis of Women is a crucial resource for all therapists who treat women. Not only will the information further the well-being of women clients, but it could literally save lives. Interesting, readable, and well-organized, this book belongs on the shelf next to the DSM-IV. The case examples will grip the reader whether professional or lay audience. --Natalie Porter, Ph.D., California School of Professional Psychology "I am greatly impressed with the book. It is a brand new idea, one that is long overdue." --Hannah Lerman, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, Los Angeles Some clients don't respond to a therapist's chosen treatment for a specific mental disorder. Could there be a physical disorder that is causing psychiatric symptoms? How can a therapist distinguish between similar psychiatric and physical disorders to arrive at the correct diagnosis, refer on, and/or suggest appropriate treatment? Preventing Misdiagnosis of Women gives the therapist the foundation for identifying those physiological disorders that may be at the root of the mental problems presented by women clients. Hyperthyroidism, for example, can result in depression and anxiety, and temporal lobe epilepsy can manifest itself with the same symptoms as bipolar disorder. This special guidebook sorts out potential mix-ups by providing detailed cases and illustrations, a quick reference table for checking symptoms, and a glossary. Making technical information clear and concise, the authors cover endocrinological--including thyroid, adrenal, pituitary, and parathyroid systems--and brain seizure problems as well as other diseases--such as multiple sclerosis, mitral heart valve prolapse, and lupus erythematosus. They offer a basic overview of the systems and organs involved and focus on how particular malfunctions can result in serious behavioral problems. A guide to providing the best and most effective care to women clients, Preventing Misdiagnosis of Women presents important information about assessment and interfacing with medical professionals. All mental health and helping professionals will find this book invaluable, as will students in clinical/counseling psychology, health psychology, social work, and gender studies. "This book is informative and interesting to read. This is a text that can be read more than once and be that much more helpful in subsequent readings. . . . Preventing Misdiagnosis of Women will certainly have an impact on feminist assessment, theory, and therapy. In a broader context, it provides a foundation to spawn research hypotheses on women's health and to reconnect the mind and body. Written accessibly even for reader without a background in physiological psychology, it fills a gap in the clinical and counseling literature. This text has far-reaching implications about the origin of psychiatric symptoms and possibly for explaining some differential rates in sex ratios for prevalence of certain psychologically based clinical syndromes. I found the text a humbling reminder of how easy it can be to miss the obvious and how easy it can be to attribute psychological explanations to symptom clusters one doesn't understand. This book could easily become a 'required' text for graduate students in mental health professions and mental health professionals. . . . This text will undoubtedly have an impact." --Maria P. P. Root, Ph.D., University of Washington "Preventing Misdiagnosis of Women is very good and will make an important contribution to the field. . . . The book's message--that it is critical that differential diagnosis include consideration of both psychiatric disorders--is convincing and important to emphasize to students in graduate programs." --Helene Jackson, Ph.D., The Columbia University School of Social Work

The proportion of elderly people continues to increase in the western world-nearly a quarter of the population will be over 65 years by the year 2050. Since aging is accompanied by an increase in diseases and by a deterioration in well-being, finding solutions to these social, medical and psychological problems is necessarily a major goal for society. Scientists and medical practitioners are therefore faced with the urgent task of increasing basic knowledge of the biological processes that cause aging. More resources must be put into this research in order to achieve better understanding of the cellular mechanisms that underlie the differences in life span between species and to answer the difficult questions of why some individuals age more quickly than others, and why some develop liver problems, some have heart problems, and others brain problems. The results of such a wide program of research will provide important information about the causes of many life-threatening and/ or debilitating diseases of old age; it will help find ways to prevent some of the ailments that result from aging, and it may well lead to discoveries enabling the prolongation of human life.

Master the effective evaluation, analysis and management of placental-fetal growth restriction (PFGR), developing strategies to reduce the risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in patients worldwide. Extensively researched by international experts, this manual provides practitioners with a detailed, hands-on approach to the practical 'pearls' for direct patient management. This authoritative volume advises on matters such as the correct evaluation and management of high-risk patients in danger of PFGR through to delivery. Extensive and wide-ranging, this book is an invaluable companion to the developing research interest and clinical applications in PFGR, including developmental outcomes in early childhood. Featuring a critical evaluation of a variety of abnormal conditions, such as fetal hypoxia and extreme prematurity, which are clearly displayed through extensive illustrations, this essential toolkit ensures that practitioners at all levels can effectively limit adverse outcome and reach the correct diagnosis.

Part of a new series on reproductive medicine, this book is a complete guide to the diagnosis and management of infertility. Beginning with an overview of infertility in both women and men, the next chapters discuss assessment and ultrasound. The following chapters cover numerous causes of infertility, and their diagnosis and treatment, examining both medical and lifestyle issues. The book presents the latest advances in the field and each chapter includes key points and references for further reading. Clinical photographs, diagrams and tables further enhance the comprehensive text. Other titles in the series include: Practical Guide in Reproductive Surgery, Practical Guide in Assisted Reproductive Technology and Practical Guide in Andrology and Embryology. Key points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and management of infertility Part of new series on reproductive medicine Covers numerous causes of infertility, and their diagnosis and treatment Chapters include key points and detailed references for further reading

Erectile dysfunction is a complex syndrome associated and determined by several separate vascular and nonvascular factors. In recent years, the evolution of noninvasive vascular technology used to investigate macro- and microcirculation in vascular disorders has produced a large amount of information and increased our knowledge of vascular pathophysiology. Andrea Ledda and his clinical research group, well known to their international colleagues, describe new developments in andrology and stress the importance of vascular disorders in erectile dysfunction. This volume will be very useful to andrologists, vascular surgeons, and angiologists, and to all specialists interested in the diagnostic evaluation of erectile disorders and varicocele.

Although impotence may be the most widely recognized manifestation of male sexual dysfunction, many other forms of sexual disorders do not involve the erectile mechanism, from deficiencies of desire to disturbances in ejaculatory function to the failure of detumescence. With such a myriad-and often co-existing-number of disorders, the successful treatment of male sexual dysfunction requires not only a thorough understanding of the underlying physiology and pathophysiology, but also the coordinated efforts of multiple specialties, including endocrinology, andrology, urology, radiology, sex therapy, and even sometimes psychiatry, cardiology, or oncology. Male Sexual Dysfunction: Pathophysiology and Treatment presents the collective expertise of more than 60 international authorities in a single landmark text. From foundations in the anatomy of the male genital tract to the latest neuroimaging data, readers will appreciate the comprehensive information detailing the tremendous advances made in the delineation of sexual function and its disorders as well as the expert descriptions of practical and cost-effective medical, surgical, and psychological strategies for the treatment of all forms of male sexual dysfunction.

Fibrin sealant is used for numerous indications in gynecology, especially for the McIndoe Operation and Cohn biopsy, the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz-Hirsch-Stoll-Operation, urethrocysopexy, or in vitro fertilization for embryo transfer. The use of fibrin sealant in urology has also been extended, especially in operations of the spermatic cord, reconstruction of the urethra and closing of nephrotomies.

In Manufacturing Babies and Public Consent, Jose Van Dyck sketches a map of the public debate on new reproductive technologies as it has evolved in the USA and Britain since 1978. Many people have participated in heated discussions on test-tube babies and in vitro fertilization, particularly medical researchers and feminists. The new technologies have been both embraced as the cure to infertility and condemned as the exploitation of women's bodies. Reconstructing this debate, Van Dyck juxtaposes a variety of textual material, from scientific articles to newspaper articles and works of fiction.

In this, our Second Edition of Reproduction in Mammals, we are responding to numerous requests for a more up-to-date and rather more detailed treatment of the subject. The First Edition was accorded an excellent reception, but the first five books were written ten years ago and inevitably there have been advances on many fronts since then. As before, the manner of presentation is intended to make the subject matter interesting to read and readily comprehensible to undergraduates in the biological sciences, and yet with sufficient depth to provide a valued source of information to graduates engaged in both teaching and research. Our authors have been selected from among the best known in their respective fields. This volume discusses the manifold ways in which hormones control the reproductive processes in male and female mammals. The hypothalamus regulates both the anterior and posterior pituitary glands, whilst the pineal can exert a modulating influence on the hypothalamus. The pituitary gonadotrophins regulate the endocrine and gametogenic activities of the gonads, and there are important local feedback effects of hormones within the gonads themselves. Non-pregnant females display many different types of oestrous or menstrual cycles, and there are likewise great species differences in the endocrinology of pregnancy. But the hallmark of mammals is lactation, and this also exerts a major control on subsequent reproductive activity.

This volume contains the 1983 second edition of Textbook of Contraceptive Practice. The second edition represented a comprehensive reappraisal of the subject, taking account of the great expansion in information on all aspects of family planning that had occurred since the first edition was published in 1969. It emphasized the historical, social and political, and clinical perspectives of the subject. Advances in oral contraception, in the use of intra-uterine devices and in surgical methods of family planning were considered in relation to consumer choice and their overall risks and benefits. All techniques of contraception, from folk methods to methods of abortion and sterilization, were discussed in detail and evaluated.

Based on the gold standard procedures and protocols developed at Boston IVF, this new edition of a bestselling text continues to provide a structured approach to treating the infertile couple that can be of benefit to the gynecologist, reproductive endocrinologist, and reproductive medicine nurse alike. Both clinical and laboratory techniques are included, with material on preconception care. New to this edition are chapters on fertility care for the LGBT community, endometriosis, elective egg freezing, and effective nursing.

The German verbs verwerfen, nicht implantieren or abtAten have the same denotations when used in reference to dealing with artificially-inseminated embryos; however, the meanings of these words are respectively different. The book examines, against the background of the debate about the introduction of pre-implantation diagnostics in Germany, the role of linguistic naminga " so-called thematizationsa " in the public sphere. The study shows that these thematizations not only reflect linguistic controversy, but at the same time, precisely mirror the current societal debates.

1. 1 The Cytokeratins as a Member of the Intermediate Filament Protein Family Intermediate filaments together with microtubules and actin microfilaments make up the filamentous cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of vertebrate cells. Recently, intermediate filament proteins have also been described in invertebrates, but their chemistry is not yet known (for review see Biessmann and Walter 1989). These filaments (about 10 nm in diameter) used to be categorized into five classes - cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilaments (NFs). The expression of these proteins follows differentiation-dependent rules: cytokeratins occur in epi- thelial cells, NF proteins are expressed in neurons, GFAP in astrocytes and some nonglial cells, desmin in smooth muscle cells and in striated myocytes, and vimentin in mesenchymal cells (for review see Lazarides 1980; Osborn and Weber 1983). Recent investigations including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein sequencing and peptide mapping have redefined the intermediate filaments into five types or subfamilies (type I, acidic cytokeratins; type II, basic cytokeratins; type III, vimentin, desmin, peripherin, and GFAP; type IV, the three NF proteins; and type V, the nuclear lamins (for review see Nagle 1988). A new type VI intermediate filament protein, nestin, has been described in the developing nervous system (Lendahl et al. 1990), and is initially co- expressed with vimentin in neuroepithelial stem cells (Steinert and Liem 1990). The cytokeratins are the most complex subgroup of intermediate filament proteins.

This work attempts to sketch a coherent picture of the amniotic fluid com partment, its borders, and the interactions occurring between fetus and amniotic fluid, for it is this compartment which for 10 months provides the habitat in which the fetus and its functions develop. As a matter of course, our mor phological studies had to be limited to the situation prevailing at the full term of pregnancy. This portrayal purposely neglects the placenta, which is already the subject of an extraordinary profusion of literature. The other aspects of the embryonic sac have been overshadowed to date by the preeminent role 2 of the placenta, although they represent around 1200cm of contact surface in the maternal compartment. From our point of view, the fetal membranes not only act as a seal or simply a diffusion barrier, but actively participate in the exchange processes between compartments. The author also took pains to compile (albeit incompletely) the widely scattered findings reported in clinical journals in order to present them as a well-rounded summary of the mor phological picture and the functional happenings involved in fetal develop ment. The author's own studies of a specifically histomorphological nature provided the groundwork for this synopsis. A special branch of embryology, embryonal physiology, is treated only incidentally in today's embryology textbooks. This work offers several encounters with this field, which should help make it the focus of greater interest. 2 Definition of Terms Fig. 1.

Reproduction in Mammals is intended to meet the needs of undergraduates reading zoology, biology, biochemistry, physiology, medicine, veterinary science and agriculture, and to be a source of information for advanced students and research workers. It is published as a series of small textbooks dealing with all major aspects of mammalian reproduction. Each of the component books is designed to cover independently fairly distinct subdivisions of the subject, so that readers can select texts relevant to their particular interests and needs. This volume consists of a series of thought-provoking essays by people with a number of very different backgrounds, including biology, comparative anatomy, psychology, psychiatry and moral philosophy. They discuss the physiology mechanisms, adaptive significance, clinical picture and social impact of a variety of patterns of human sexual behaviour, thereby providing a balanced and informative account of a highly sensitive and emotive subject.

Reproduction in Mammals is intended to meet the needs of undergraduates reading zoology, biology, biochemistry, physiology, medicine, veterinary science and agriculture, and to be a source of information for advanced students and research workers. It is published as a series of small textbooks dealing with all major aspects of mammalian reproduction. Each of the component books is designed to cover independently fairly distinct subdivisions of the subject, so that readers can select texts relevant to their particular interests and needs. This volume consists of a series of thought-provoking essays by people with a number of very different backgrounds, including biology, comparative anatomy, psychology, psychiatry and moral philosophy. They discuss the physiology mechanisms, adaptive significance, clinical picture and social impact of a variety of patterns of human sexual behaviour, thereby providing a balanced and informative account of a highly sensitive and emotive subject.

1. 1 Historical Perspective In the nineteenth century, knowledge of the events leading to ovulation, fertilization, and implantation was very limited, so much so that Seiler (1832), in his book The Uterus and the Human Egg, wrote: ." . . in the left ovary the first signs of fertilization, namely a Graaf vesicle could be seen. The right ovary shows proof of a second successful copulation: a fresh scar from the ovulated egg and the beginning of a corpus luteum. " In fact all nineteenth century authors strictly divide the female cycle into two phases: the menstrual period and the intermenstruum (ct. Hitschmann and Adler 1908). The generally accepted histology of the endometrium in those days was that of the late proliferative phase. Deviations from this were considered to be pathological (Von Ebner 1902). As Gebhard (1899) expressly put it: "As a rule, it can be said that in the mature woman the endometrial glands run straight; an irregular course of the glands is to be regarded as pathological. " The same author describes the changes occurring during the secretory phase of the cycle as "endometritis glandularis" which he believed to arise from a local nutritional disturbance. The uterine stroma was believed to be lymphoid (Toldt 1877), and the uterine glands were compared to the crypts of Lieberkiihn (Von Ebner 1902).

Management of Infertility: A Practical Approach offers an accurate and complete reference for the management of infertility and a robust step-by-step guide for assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs), including how to plan, design and organize a clinical setting and laboratory. The book also provides an evidence-based, complete and practical description of the available methods for diagnosis and management of male and female infertility. This will be an ideal resource for researchers, students and clinicians who want to gain complete knowledge about both basic and advanced information surrounding the diagnosis and management of infertility and related disorders.

In the USA, severe psychiatric illness after childbirth strikes one woman for every 1000 births, or about 3500 women each year. An unrecorded number of new mothers experience lesser degrees of postpartum illness, and two distinct forms of severe illness can be distinguished. One form, called postpartum psychosis, is an agitated, very changeable condition, often characterized by confusion, hallucinations, delusions and sometimes episodes of violent behaviour. The other condition, major postpartum depression, begins two or three weeks after childbirth, and is characterized by confusion, depression of mood, and often with exhaustion, headache and digestive upset. Mixtures of the two severe disorders occur frequently. This volume contains a number of essays which support the position that postpartum disorders are primarily organic and are mainly disorders of hormonal deficit. They develop as the endocrine system falls back from the hyperactivity of pregnancy toward or beyond the levels of the prior non-pregnant state. Tremendous therapeutic opportunities exist or are imminent for both the organic and the psychological components of postpartum mental illness.

Endorphins and other endogenous opioids appear to be the connecting link between reproductive functions and stress adaption of the human organism. This book contains the con- tributions of an international group of biologists, bioche- mists, and endocrinologists on the opioidergic control me- chanisms in reproduction and stress physiology. Main topics covered are: endogeneous opioids and the pituitary-gonadal system; ovarian endorphinsecretion; pregnancy-associated changes of plasma endorphin; and opioid control of the hypo- thalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Although all chapters give an excellent review on various studies in basic opioid re- search, there are numerous clinical implications mentioned in this book.

During the past 20 years, endometrial carcinoma has continued to increase in frequency and it is quite possible that this carcinoma will become the major gynecologic malignancy in the future. For many years, endometrial carcinoma was considered less malignant than other gynecologic malignancies, simple hysterectomy and bil ateral salpingo-oophorectomy or surgery combined with radiation being effective in certain circumstances. It is unfortunate to note that the global 5-year survival rate for patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma has improved only slightly. Therefore any complacency regarding this 'benign malignancy' should be reconsidered. There is a growing awareness of the nature of end ometrial carcinoma, with advances in our knowledge ranging from its etiology through its epidemiology to its clinical findings. This volume has been designed to fill a hiatus in the literature in China. To achieve this aim, we have attempted to review the world-wide advances on endometrial carcinoma and summarize systematically and comprehensively this common gynecologic malig nancy, including the clinical experiences gathered at the Cancer Institute (Hospital) of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences since 1958 as well as a brief description of the psychological problems in patients with gyneco logic cancers."

Doppler ultrasound is a hot topic at the present time. This is because studies of the uteroplacental and fetal circulation give fundamental information as to the physiology or pathology of placental function and the response of the fetal circulation to hypoxaemia. Dr. Arabin's clinical studies which are described in this book are an important contribution to knowledge in this field and will be of enormous interest not only to researches but also to clini cians interested in learning how this latest technology can be integrated into their clinical practice. London STUART CAMPBELL Foreword Although only three decades old, the field of perinatal medicine is marked by continuous new advances. Ultrasound diagnostic techniques comprise an important element of this new field. Dr. Arabin has taken the initiative to investigate the functional-diagnostic aspects of ultrasound. Among other things, she has further developed and refined the concept of "oxygen-con serving adaptation of fetal circulation" which originated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Neukolln Hospital Center in 1966. She thus has been able to show that the most reliable Doppler blood flow meas urement predictors of a high risk to the fetus are (1) a decrease in the flow volume of the descending thoracic aorta and the umbilical artery and (2) an increase in the flow volume of the common carotid arteries."

The advent of ultrasound scans has made it possible to observe the fetus undisturbed in its natural surroundings. In this remarkable book, Dr Alessandra Piontelli describes in moving detail her observations of the behaviour of several children from very early stages in the womb, through birth, to infancy and childhood. By drawing on her experiences as a child psychotherapist and psychoanalyst as well as on her observational research, she is able to investigate issues relating to individuality, psychological birth and the influence of maternal emotions during pregnancy.
The first study of its kind, From Fetus to Child shows how observational and psychoanalytic data can offer different but complementary insights in attempting to answer fundamental questions about human development.

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The Project on Reproductive Laws for the 1990s began in 1985 with the realization that reports of scientific developments and new technologies were stimulating debates and discussions among bioethicists and policymakers, and that women had little part in those discussions either as participants or as a group with interests to be considered. With the help of a planning grant from the Rutgers University Institute for Research on Women, the Women's Rights Litigation Clinic at Rutgers University Law School-Newark held a planning meeting that June attended by approximately 20 theorists and activists in the area of reproductive rights. Project purposes, methods, and general shape took form at the meeting. Two goals have characterized the Project's work since then: first, to generate discussion, debate, and, where possible, consensus among those committed to reproductive autonomy and gender equality as to how best to respond to the questions raised by re ported advances in reproductive and neonatal technology and new modes of reproduction; and second, to ensure that those shaping reproductive law and policy appreciate the ramifications of these developments for gender equality. In meeting this twofold agenda, the Project focused on six areas: time limits on abortion; prenatal screening; fetus as patient; reproductive hazards in the workplace; interference with reproductive choice; and alternative modes of reproduction. The Project identified individuals to take respon sibility for drafting model legislation and position papers in the six areas (for the drafters, see the Appendix)."