For the first time in the history of the EU, from 2002 to 2007 asylum seekers and refugees had been explicitly considered in an employment programme trough EQUAL. Despite the success of this programme, EQUAL as a participant-oriented programme was not restarted after 2007. This book analyzes the results achieved by EQUAL with respect to the EU Council Directive laying down minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers as well as for the promotion of access to education and employment. Based on case studies in four European cities, the question of access to education and training programmes as well as to the labour market for refugees and asylum seekers is examined. The legal, political, structural and individual conditions for the success of such measures are also highlighted.

This compelling volume presents the work of innovative researchers dealing with current issues in training and training effectiveness in work organizations. Each chapter provides an integrative summary of a research area with the goal of developing a specific research agenda that will not only stimulate thinking in the training field but also direct future research. By concentrating on new ideas and critical methodological and measurement issues rather than summarizing existing literature, the volume offers definitive suggestions for advancing the effectiveness of the training field. Its chapters focus on emerging issues in training that have important implications for improving both training design and efficacy. They discuss various levels of analysis-- intra-individual, inter-individual, team, and organizational issues--and the factors relevant to achieving a better understanding of training effectiveness from these different perspectives. This type of coverage provides a theoretically driven scientist/practitioner orientation to the book.

Practice-based learning-the kind of education that comes from experiencing real work in real situations-has always been a prerequisite to qualification in professions such as medicine. However, there is growing interest in how practice-based models of learning can assist the initial preparation for and further development of skills for a wider range of occupations. Rather than being seen as a tool of first-time training, it is now viewed as a potentially important facet of professional development and life-long learning. This book provides perspectives on practice-based learning from a range of disciplines and fields of work. The collection here draws on a wide spectrum of perspectives to illustrate as well as to critically appraise approaches to practice-based learning. The book's two sections first explore the conceptual foundations of learning through practice, and then provide detailed examples of its implementation. Long-standing practice-based approaches to learning have been used in many professions and trades. Indeed, admission to the trades and major professions (e.g. medicine, law, accountancy) can only be realised after completing extended periods of practice in authentic practice settings. However, the growing contemporary interest in using practice-based learning in more extensive contexts has arisen from concerns about the direct employability of graduates and the increasing focus on occupation-specific courses in both vocations and higher education. It is an especially urgent issue in an era of critical skill shortages, rapidly transforming work requirements and an aging workforce combined with a looming shortage of new workforce entrants. We must better understand how existing models of practice-based learning are enacted in order to identify how they can be applied to different kinds of employment and workplaces. The contributions to this volume explore ways in which learning through practice can be conceptualised, enacted, and appraised through an analysis of the traditions, purposes, and processes that support this learning-including curriculum models and pedagogic practices.

What is the economic justification of advertising? Is it a vital energizing force in industry, or does it represent a serious waste of money and effort? The great increase in the volume of publicity in modern times is causing people to wonder what its final outcome will be, and whether it is a development to be welcomed or regarded with suspicion. First published in 1934.

Personal development is fundamental to professional development and therapeutic practice. Until now, the unstructured personal or reflective journal has by default become the sole vehicle for recording reflection through training. Becoming a Therapist is a unique practical manual, facilitating the movement and growth of the reader, whilst raising awareness of resistance to change. With challenging questions and exercises, it forces the reader to consider his or her own personal value systems, strengths and limitations as they relate to the practice of therapy, tackling vital issues such as: family; culture; gender; and ethics. Indispensable to counsellors, counselling psychologists and psychotherapists in training, Becoming a Therapist is a thought-provoking companion to personal and professional development.

Asia has undergone rapid transformation over the past several decades as many countries have embraced new technologies and the processes of globalisation. Over this period the inflow of foreign capital into the region, the level of trade amongst these countries, and trade with other parts of the world has increased substantially. The ensuing economic growth has led to some significant changes in labour markets and the demand for skilled employees and their deployment within organisations. Focusing on a number of developed and developing Asian economies, this book explores the dynamics of workforce development and skill formation, and considers questions of both skills shortages and skills gaps. The book assesses the current state of training in the selected Asian economies, the weaknesses and strengths of their various training approaches, and what the present state of training means for the future economic development of these economies.

Action learning is a continued process of learning and reflection with the support of a group of colleagues, working on real issues. The action learning method is increasingly used to bring innovation to many different fields of work. The principles of action learning can achieve improvement and transformation in a wide range of applications and disciplines, including professional training and educational contexts. This book is a comprehensive guide to action learning which maintains an accessible, practical focus throughout. It is packed with useful resources, including case studies and ideas for workshop sessions. Key topics covered include: * action learning in professional and educational settings * setting up, facilitating and evaluating an action learning programme * the roles and skills required to practice successfully * use of action learning in relation to the individual, the group and the organization * the role of reflection; and action learning theory. Newcomers to the area of action learning will find this an essential introduction which can be put to use straight away, while more experienced practitioners seeking a deeper understanding will value the thorough analysis of action learning theory.

Remote learning has been around since the 18th century. Caleb Phillips began advertising correspondence courses in the Boston Gazette in 1728 allowing people, for the first time, to learn new skills no matter where they lived. For the past 300 years, virtual training, in its various formats, has been meandering into shore on an inevitable yet slow building tide. And then, just like that, everything changed. A global pandemic. Social distancing. Working from home. In an instant, the tide became a tsunami. The global pandemic accelerated the broad adoption of virtual instructor led training along with awareness that classroom-based training is often expensive, inefficient, and fails to deliver a fair return on investment. While it is certainly more challenging to re-create the collaborative environment of the physical classroom in a virtual setting, virtual training combines the structure, accountability, and social learning benefits of classroom training with speed, agility, and significant cost savings. Simply put, virtual training enables organizations to rapidly upskill more people, while generating a far higher return on the training investment. Virtual training is also green. Studies indicate that virtual training consumes nearly 90% less energy and produces 85% fewer CO2 emissions than classroom training. Still, the biggest challenge with virtual training, and the reason there has been so much resistance to it, is historically the experience has been excruciating. Not the quality of the curriculum or content. Not the talent of the trainer. The learning experience. There are few people who haven't had the pleasure of sitting through agonizing virtual training sessions. Death by voice over PowerPoint, delivered by a disengaged instructor, has an especially bitter flavor. It is the way virtual training is delivered that matters most. When the virtual learning experience is emotionally positive: Participants are more engaged, embrace new competencies, and knowledge sticks Participants are more likely to show up to class and be open to future virtual training Trainers enjoy their work and gain fulfillment from making an impact Leaders book more virtual training Organizations more readily blend and integrate virtual training into learning & development initiatives This is exactly what this book is about. Virtual Training is the definitive guide to delivering virtual training that engages learners and makes new skills and behavioral changes stick. Jeb Blount, one of the most celebrated trainers and authors of our generation, walks you step-by-step through the seven elements of effective, engaging virtual learning experiences. Trainer Mindset & Emotional Discipline Production & Technology Media & Visuals Virtual Curriculum & Instructional Design Planning & Preparation Virtual Communication Skills Dynamic & Interactive Training Delivery As you dive into these powerful insights, and with each new chapter, you'll gain greater and greater confidence in your ability to effectively deliver training in a virtual classroom. Once you master virtual training delivery and experience the power of remote learning, you may never want to go back to the physical classroom again.

The last decade has given rise to a strong public discourse in most highly industrialized economies about the importance of a skilled workforce as a key response to the competitive dynamic fostered by economic globalisation. The challenge for different training regimes is twofold: attracting young people into the vocational training system while continuing to train workers already in employment. Yet, on the whole, most countries and their training systems have failed to reach those goals. How can we explain this contradiction? Why is vocational training seen to be an "old" institution? Why does vocational training not seem to be easily adapted to the realities of the 21st century? This book seeks to respond to these important questions. It does so through an in-depth comparative analysis of the vocational training systems in ten different countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Morocco, the United Kingdom and the USA.

This book is the first that provides a comprehensive overview of the way countries, education systems and institutions have responded to the call for an integration of learning for work, citizenship and sustainability at the Second International Conference on Technical and Vocational Education which was held in Seoul in 1999. Discussions on the central theme of the Seoul Conference - lifelong learning and training for all, a bridge to the future - led to the conclusion that a new paradigm of both development and Technical and Vocational Education (TVET) was needed. This book showcases the wide range of international initiatives that have sought to put such exhortations into practice. It includes: case studies of national TVET policy reforms, reoriented curricula, sustainable campus management programs, and examples of innovative approaches to integrating learning in TVET with on-the-job training and in community service. It also focuses on the issues and challenges being faced and ways of moving forward. Case studies feature initiatives in a wide range of world regions and countries, and include authors from: UK, Germany, Finland, Canada, USA, Australia, South Africa, China, Republic of Korea, India, Pakistan and the Philippines.

Apprenticeship or vocational training is a subject of lively debate. Economic historians tend to see apprenticeship as a purely economic phenomenon, as an 'incomplete contract' in need of legal and institutional enforcement mechanisms. The contributors to this volume have adopted a broader perspective. They regard learning on the shop floor as a complex social and cultural process, to be situated in an ever-changing historical context. The results are surprising. The authors convincingly show that research on apprenticeship and learning on the shop floor is intimately associated with migration patterns, family economy and household strategies, gender perspectives, urban identities and general educational and pedagogical contexts.

The institutional arrangements governing skill formation are widely seen as a key element in the institutional constellations defining 'varieties of capitalism' across the developed democracies. This book explores the origins and evolution of such institutions in four countries - Germany, Britain, the United States and Japan. It traces cross-national differences in contemporary training regimes back to the nineteenth century, and specifically to the character of the political settlement achieved among employers in skill-intensive industries, artisans, and early trade unions. The book also tracks evolution and change in training institutions over a century of development, uncovering important continuities through putative 'break points' in history. Crucially, it also provides insights into modes of institutional change that are incremental but cumulatively transformative. The study underscores the limits of the most prominent approaches to institutional change, and identifies the political processes through which the form and functions of institutions can be radically reconfigured over time.

This book is the first monograph to systematically introduce readers to technology and vocational education and training in ASEAN countries. It details the current state of development and key development trends regarding technology and vocational education and training in the ten ASEAN countries. For each ASEAN country, the book addresses the history, status quo, characteristics, reform and development trends in technology and vocational education and training. The content mainly focuses on technology and vocational education and training systems, vocational qualification frameworks, technology and vocational education and training related personnel, etc. All the latest data presented here is drawn from the newest official website and research reports, accurately reflecting the development status of ASEAN countries and helping us make better forecasts regarding its future. This book offers a valuable reference guide for academic research in technology and vocational education and training. It can also be used as a textbook for postgraduate courses in technology and vocational education and training, as well as training material for various vocational education teachers and managers.

In 1999, the International Olympic Committee approved far-reaching reforms to the appointment and terms of its members, the selection of host cities for the Olympic and Winter Olympic Games, the events on the Olympic Program, and the reporting of decisions and financial information. The reforms were initiated in response to the deep crises of legitimacy it faced because of the Salt Lake City doping scandal and ongoing accusations that it turned a blind eye to doping. This book assesses the implementation and effectiveness of those reforms ten years after. It draws upon the perspectives of Olympic scholars, Olympic athletes, and IOC members, including those who were directly involved in the reform process, and makes a number of recommendations about how the process of Olympic reform could be maintained and strengthened. As such, it provides an insightful and telling report card on the modern Olympic Movement in the first decade of the 21st century, and the presidency of Jacques Rogge. This book was originally published as a special issue of Sport in Society.

The basic premise of this book is simple -- it brings together early childhood and cultural-studies professionals who are willing to provide a kaleidoscope of views capable of challenging the sanctity of the early childhood western lens. Marianne Block, Hedy Chang, Amos Hatch, Henry Giroux, Jan Jipson, Joe Kincheloe, Shirley Kessler, Sally Lubeck, Shirley Steinberg, Beth Blue Swadener, Nila Rinehardt, and Lourdes Diaz Soto call for a move toward the critical, toward the multicultural, toward the dialogic, toward the feminist, toward the personal, with the others, with the silenced, and in solidarity with multiple players.

This book explores how changes in the new world economy are affecting the education of male and female workers. Authors from Australia, Africa, Brazil, Europe, North America, and South Korea use methodologies--such as literature reviews, case studies, legislative analysis, evaluations of model delivery systems, and demographic profiles--to examine the current efforts of a number of nations around the world to transform vocational education and training (VET) programs into gender equitable institutions where female students are able to obtain skills necessary for successful and economically viable lives. The cross-national perspectives in this volume illuminate the meaning of VET equity theory and practice in the new economy. Gender equity in education is constructed differently from place to place depending on a variety of factors, including economic development and cultural traditions. Starting from this understanding that gender and culture are multifaceted, historically situated, and constructed around dominant economic and institutional structures, class identities, and social positions, as well as discursive practices, the book addresses central questions, such as: *What roles do schools play in the global economy? *Is there a parallel between an increasingly globalized economy and a viable universal concept of education for work? *What is the effect of a nation's financial condition, political system, and global economic posture on its training policies? *Are educational equity issues heightened or submerged in the new economy? The comparative perspective helps readers to more clearly analyze both tensions that arise as capitalist changes in the new economy are contested, resisted, or accommodated--and the impact upon education. In the Afterword, the editors identify overarching themes emerging from the volume and illuminate various comparative perspectives on gender and the new economy. Globalizing Education for Work: Comparative Perspectives on Gender and the New Economy brings together important information and analysis for researchers, students, and teachers in education, women's studies, and sociology; for vocational education and training professionals; and for policymakers and policy analysts in governmental and nongovernmental organizations. It is well suited as a text for a range of graduate courses in the fields of comparative and international education, politics of education, vocational educational policy, gender and education, and sociology of education.

This book discusses the role of knowledge in European transformation under a regional actors perspective. It brings together diverse contributions dealing with particular actors and cases. Besides the educational focus, the volume contains illustrative case studies of knowledge utilisation in the corporate sector. Its focus is on the Alps-Adriatic cross-border region in Central Europe with some international comparisons. Here the dense fabric of knowledge in regional societies is demonstrated empirically. Awareness of the importance of regions in socio-economic development is raised.

Jim Crow's Pink Slip exposes the decades-long repercussions of a too-little-known result of the Brown v. Board of Education decision: the systematic dismissal of Black educators from public schools. In 1954, the Supreme Court's Brown decision ended segregated schooling in the United States, but regrettably, as documented in congressional testimony and transcripts, it also ended the careers of a generation of highly qualified and credentialed Black teachers and principals. In the Deep South and northern border states over the decades following Brown, Black schools closed and Black educators were displaced en masse. As educational policy and leadership expert Leslie T. Fenwick deftly demonstrates, the effects of these changes stand contrary to the democratic ideals of an integrated society and equal educational opportunity for all students. Jim Crow's Pink Slip provides a trenchant account of how tremendous the loss to the US educational system was and continues to be. Despite efforts of the NAACP and other civil rights organizations, congressional hearings during the Nixon administration, and antiracist activism of the 21st century, the problems fomented after Brown persist. The book draws the line from the past injustices to problems that the educational system grapples with today: not simply the underrepresentation of Black teachers and principals, but also salary reductions, teacher shortages, and systemic inequality. By engaging with the complicated legacy of the Brown decision, Fenwick illuminates a crucial chapter in education history. She also offers policy prescriptions aimed at correcting the course of US education, supporting educators, and improving workforce quality and diversity.

The relationship between research and policy has recently become turbulent and contentious. Into this charged atmosphere, five of the projects form the ESRC's Learning Society Programme present the implications of their findings for policy, and constitute a powerful critique of current policy on lifelong learning in this collection. For the first time, findings are presented from a major new survey, commissioned by the Programme, which examined the skills of a representative sample of British workers and found, for example, an 'alarmingly high' mismatch between the demand and supply of qualifications. Other chapters heal with the fragmentation of provision for adult guidance, the financial and psychological casts of lifelong learning for learners with children, and the failure of the market principle in education to create a national culture of learning. The report also contains many practical recommendations. The new Labour government is committed to introducing evidence-based policy and practice, and so the present roles of researchers, policy makers and practitioners will be subjected to intensifying pressure to change in the next few years. These issues are debated in the first two chapters and concerns are expressed about how easy it will be in future to speak truth to power. The report is essential reading for all politicians, policy makers, employers, trade unionists and educationalists keen to create a culture of lifelong learning within the UK.

Today, rapid change is a constant challenge in the workplace, and thousands of individuals need to be involved in continuous learning. Traditional training approaches, however, do not emphasise informal and incidental learning. Furthermore, since informal learning us seldom designed, learning outside of a structured experience may lead to mistaken or dysfunctional learning. Strategies for improving informal learning are urgently needed. This book, first published in 1990, responds to this need by taking a challenging look at many assumptions about workplace learning outside of the classroom and by proposing methods to improve it. They develop a theory of informal and incidental workplace learning based on current developments in training and human resource development which they illustrate with readable and illuminating case studies which tell vivid stories of adult education and human resource development practice. Informal and Incidental Learning in the Workplace is essential reading for researchers and practitioners of human resource development, and also for students of education and adult learning.

This two volume collection covers important developments in the theory and empirical analysis of training since the start of the 1990s. It includes the seminal articles on training theory in the context of imperfect markets, which are essential for understanding social interventions in the private market. New analyses of the determinants of training are presented, some incorporating wider perspectives from industrial relations and human resource management. Advances in the methodology for evaluating public training programmes are then covered, with examples of both experimental and non-experimental methods. Finally, the volumes include major studies of the impact of training on workers and organisations, with examples from several different countries.

In an increasingly technological world, the education of scientists and engineers has become an activity of growing importance. Educating Scientists and Engineers for Academic and Non-Academic Career Success focuses on the structure of the current educational system and describes the transformations needed to ensure the adequate education of future science and engineering students. The book describes how university faculty can make the necessary changes to teach a broader range of skills, technical proficiency, teamwork, adaptability, and versatility within the undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum. Also covered are approaches to provide a broader exposure to experiences desired by both academic and non-university employers to prepare students for an increasingly interdisciplinary, collaborative, and global job market.

This first report in the ESRC Learning Society series examines the key processes of learning, as embedded in particular workplaces, in organisational structures and in specific social practices. Why is learning suddenly so important? How can the quality of learning at work be improved? Instead of extolling the 'joys' of learning, the authors explore the conflicts and barriers which organisations run into (or create for themselves), even when they are trying to promote greater learning among staff. Its strong comparative dimension is illustrated in the discussion of, for example, the construction industry in Wales which is compared with its counterpart in Germany. The importance of this edited collection is that it will help to transform fashionable phrases such as 'the learning organisation' or 'lifelong learning' into practical ideas and methods which could enhance the quality of learning in British firms. Learning at work is important reading for managers in Industry and Commerce, for TECs/LECs, Trade Unions and Chambers of Commerce, for policy makers in the Department for Education and Employment, for politicians, voluntary organisations and academics specialising in the interactions between employment, training and education, and for all those practitioners in firms, Colleges of Further Education and training providers who are promoting lifelong learning.

Preface. The Role of Globalization and Context on Workforce Education and Development, Jay W. Rojewski and Johanna Lasonen. A Conceptual Model of Workforce Education and Development Systems, Ken Gray and Paryono Paryono. Workforce Education and Development in East Asia and the Pacific, Ramlee Bin Mustapha.