This book provides practical, comprehensive knowledge on how to use the advances in analytical measurements and basic and advanced control to improve batch profiles and endpoint consistency. The consequential integration of measurements, models, and controls into a digital twin with recently developed blocks to provide profiles and predict endpoints enables: Developing dynamic models from trend charts that are used for experiment design, diagnosing the sources of limitations and inconsistences, and developing and testing solutions 500 times real time without interfering with existing plant operation. Comprehensive views of basic process control with the possibilities of model predictive control to control and optimize batch profiles by non-intrusive development and confirmation. The ability to determine how to maximize the performance of bioreactors, which are often the bottleneck and the key to product quality and consistency, without tests or trials in the actual plant. The resulting improvements in batch cycle time and consistency can be designed, tested, quantified, and confirmed; and operators can be trained independently of actual plant operation. The benefit from the elimination of a bad batch—particularly for new biologics—is potentially worth ten or more million dollars.

This comprehensive review of calibration provides an excellent foundation for understanding principles and applications of the most frequently performed tasks of a technician. Topics addressed include terminology, bench vs. field calibration, loop vs. individual instrument calibration, instrument classification systems, documentation, and specific calibration techniques for temperature, pressure, level, flow, final control, and analytical instrumentation. The book is designed as a structured learning tool with questions and answers in each chapter. An extensive appendix containing sample P&IDs, loop diagrams, spec sheets, sample calibration procedures, and conversion and reference tables serves as very useful reference. If you calibrate instruments or supervise someone that does, then you need this book.

This practical guide developed by Dave Polka, an industry veteran with more than 30 years of experience, is an invaluable resource for design engineers, automation and control specialists, maintenance technicians, and students. The basic theories of AC and DC drives haven't changed but the technology certainly has, and this new edition takes a fresh look at how market demands have advanced motor and drive technology to lead the industry in new directions. The second edition incorporates significant new material, including discussions on: AC drives and machine safety Application-specific drives and soft-starters Enhanced programmability for AC drives including adaptive, function block, sequential, and IEC-61131-3 programming Master(leader)-follower, Ethernet, fiber-optic, and PLC communications The principles of DC and variable frequency AC drive technology An overview of drive components and types of drives, with special emphasis given to common applications and energy savings DC and AC motor and drive operation, as well as AC vector, servo, and permanent magnet motors Inside you will also find easy to understand explanations, summaries, review questions, glossaries, reference tables for formulas and conversions. Great for a tutorial or desk reference!

While megacities are a reality, so too are the environmental disturbances that they cause, including air and water pollution. These disturbances can be modeled with technology and data obtained by modern methods, such as by drone, to monitor cities in near real-time as well as help to simulate risk situations and propose future solutions. These solutions can be inspired by the theoretical principles of sustainable urbanism. Methods and Applications of Geospatial Technology in Sustainable Urbanism is a collection of innovative research that combines theory and practice on analyzing urban environments and applying sustainability principles to them. Highlighting a wide range of topics including geographic information systems, internet mapping technologies, and green urbanism, this book is ideally designed for urban planners, public administration officials, landscape analysts, geographers, engineers, entrepreneurs, academicians, researchers, and students.

This multimedia eBook establishes a solid foundation in the essential principles of how signals interact with transmission lines, how the physical design of interconnects affects transmission line properties, and how to interpret single-ended and differential time domain reflection (TDR) measurements to extract important figures of merits and avoid common mistakes. This book presents an intuitive understanding of transmission lines. Instructional videos are provided in every chapter that cover important aspects of the interconnect design and characterization process. This video eBook helps establish foundations for designing and characterizing the electrical properties of interconnects to explain in a simplified way how signals propagate and interact with interconnects and how the physical design of transmission structures will impact performance. Never be intimidated by impedance or differential pairs again.

Featuring contributions from major technology vendors, industry consortia, and government and private research establishments, the Industrial Communication Technology Handbook, Second Edition provides comprehensive and authoritative coverage of wire- and wireless-based specialized communication networks used in plant and factory automation, automotive applications, avionics, building automation, energy and power systems, train applications, and more. New to the Second Edition: 46 brand-new chapters and 21 substantially revised chapters Inclusion of the latest, most significant developments in specialized communication technologies and systems Addition of new application domains for specialized networks The Industrial Communication Technology Handbook, Second Edition supplies readers with a thorough understanding of the application-specific requirements for communication services and their supporting technologies. It is useful to a broad spectrum of professionals involved in the conception, design, development, standardization, and use of specialized communication networks as well as academic institutions engaged in engineering education and vocational training.

This up-to-date work on final control elements presents theoretical and practical information in an easy, conversational style, which makes it an excellent reference for experienced instrument and process engineers as well as students who are new to the field. The book begins with a basic explanation of the function and purpose of control valves, explaining the various types of valves that are available along with their features and limitations. It also provides: Directions for selecting the best valve for a given service and the right flow characteristics Simplified equations for sizing control valves for liquids and gases under normal and special conditions, such as flashing and laminar flow Directions for minimizing environmental problems, such as noise produced by turbulent or cavitating fluids and aerodynamic noise Solutions to dynamic instability problems Methods for improving control loop stability Discussion on related safety issues such as "fail-safe" action and cybersecurity Many reference tables provide information that will be invaluable in valve selection, such as valve materials, temperature ratings, and valve dimensions. Also, for the benefit of international readers, examples and equations are presented in metric as well as U.S. customary terms and measurements.

Measurement systems include all components in a chain of hardware and software that leads from the measured variable to process data. New measurement techniques and technologies will stimulate innovation in products, processes and services, and also help to develop new skills in the workforce. With regards to measurement systems research and development, the advances discussed in this book provide new research ideas and new techniques for measurement systems in various fields as in nanotechnology, in robotic, in electricity, in optical systems and others. This book described the design and the concept of the monitoring, the control of processes and operations. Many different aspects of this field are explored in a vast number of different ways. The experimental engineering analysis is also discussed to check behaviour of the systems and to validate theoretically predict.