Architectural discourse and practice are dominated by a false dichotomy between design and chance, and governed by the belief that the architect's role is to defend against the indeterminate. In Architectures of Chance Yeoryia Manolopoulou challenges this position, arguing for the need to develop a more creative understanding of chance as aesthetic experience and critical method, and as a design practice in its own right. Examining the role of experimental chance across film, psychoanalysis, philosophy, fine art and performance, this is the first book to comprehensively discuss the idea of chance in architecture and bring a rich array of innovative practices of chance to the attention of architects. Wide-ranging and through a symbiotic interplay of drawing and text, Architectures of Chance makes illuminating reading for those interested in the process and experience of design, and the poetics and ethics of chance and space in the overlapping fields of architecture and the aleatoric arts.

Few, if any, environments are free of human intervention. Often this generates ecosystems which are rich in biodiversity, historical interest, recreational opportunity and scenic beauty just as worthy of conservation as the more natural ecosystems on which protection programmes have been almost exclusively focussed.These 'cultural landscapes', ranging from the farm and forest lands of Europe and Eastern North America, through to the pasture lands and savannas of the Middle East and Africa to the paddylands of the Pacific Rim, are usually the product of relatively low-level, sustainable exploitation of the environment over long periods of time. Many have survived for centuries, if not millennia, but now urban expansion, depopulation of rural areas and, most damagingly, the intensification of agricultural and sylvicultural practices, are everywhere leading to a loss of their cherished biodiversity and amenity. Whilst past changes have mostly added to the valued characteristics of these landscapes, modern farming and forestry are creating sterile monocultures on the better land whilst marginal lands are being abandoned.This book documents these changes, illustrates them through detailed case studies of a representative selection of threatened landscapes, analyses their underlying causes and explores ways by which they can continue to be maintained, or new landscapes created which maintain their desired characteristics.

In 1789, Jedidiah Morse described Newport and its environs as the “Eden of America” in the First Geography of the United States. In the nineteenth century landscape architects such as Frederick Law Olmsted created dramatic gardens by the sea for his wealthy clients, and artists from John Frederick Kensett to Henry James and Thornton Wilder celebrated the city as a verdant paradise in painting, poetry, and prose. America’s Eden: Newport Landscapes through the Ages builds on the city’s iconic reputation as a centuries-old paradise, and establishes Newport as a cultural landscape of national significance. The comprehensive history from European settlement to the present day is illustrated by a treasure trove of rare period maps, paintings and photographs by prominent artists, and drawings and sketches by leading designers. Ten chapters discuss topography, geology, and climate; the history of the city from the early days of colonial New England, through the Gilded Age estates, to the 21st century. A chapter on Living Legends emphasises the importance of Newport’s historic trees. The book serves as a critical resource guide encompassing landscape architecture, fine art, tree and plant propagation, and the conservation of natural sites. A rich story of art, history, design and horticulture awaits readers among the gardens, gazebos and trees of Newport.

Contemporary architecture, and the culture it reflects dependent as it is on fossil fuels, has contributed to the cause and necessity of a burgeoning green process that emerged over the past half century. This text is the first to offer a comprehensive critical history and analysis of the greening of architecture through accumulative reduction of negative environmental effects caused by buildings, urban designs and settlements. Describing the progressive development of green architecture from 1960 to 2010, it illustrates how it is ever evolving and ameliorated through alterations in form, technology, materials and use and it examines different places worldwide that represent a diversity of cultural and climatic contexts. The book is divided into seven chapters: with an overview of the environmental issues and the nature of green architecture in response to them, followed by an historic perspective of the pioneering evolution of green technology and architectural integration over the past five decades, and finally, providing the intransigent and culturally pervasive current examples within a wide range of geographic territories. The greening of architecture is seen as an evolutionary process that is informed by significant world events, climate change, environmental theories, movements in architecture, technological innovations, and seminal works in architecture and planning throughout each decade over the past fifty years. This time period is bounded on one end by the awareness of environmental problems beginning in the 1960's, the influential texts by Rachel Carson, E.F. Schumacher, Buckminster Fuller and Steward Brand, and the impact of the OPEC Oil Embargo of 1973, and on the other end the pervasiveness of the necessary greening of architecture that includes, systemic reforms in architectural and urban design, land use planning, transportation, agriculture, and energy production found in the 2000's. The greening process moves from remediation to holistic

Applied Principles of Horticultural Science is that critical thing for all students of horticulture - a book that teaches the theory of horticultural science through the practice of horticulture itelf.The book is divided into three sections - Plant science, Soil science, Pest and disease. Each section contains a number of chapters relating to a major principle of applied horticulture. Each chapter starts with a key point summary and introduces the underpinning knowledge which is then reinforced by exercises. The book contains over 70 practical exercises, presented in a way that makes students think for themselves. Answers to the exercises are given at the end of chapters. Clear step-by-step instructions make practical work accessible to students of all abilities.This new third edition provides an even wider sweep of case studies to make this book an essential practical workbook for horticulture students and gardners alike. Updated material fits with the latest RHS, City and Guilds and Edexcel syllabus. It is particularly suitable for the RHS Certificate, Advanced Certificate and Edexcel Diplomas as well as for those undertaking NPTC National, Advanced National courses and Horticulture NVQs at levels 2 and 3, together with the new Diploma in Environmental and Land-based studies.Laurie Brown is a horticultural scientist and educator. He is Director of Academex, a consultancy company aspiring to excellence in teaching and learning. Laurie previously worked with the Standards Unit on the design of exemplary teaching resources in the land-based sector.

Planning is currently a male-dominated profession, but an analysis of a century of town planning reveals this to be a new development; women have been central to the planning movement since it began. "Women and Planning" is a comprehensive history and analysis of women and the planning movement, covering the philosophical, practical and policy dimensions of "planning for women". Beyond the marginalization of women, modern, scientific planning hides a story of past links with eugenics, colonialism, artistic, utopian and religious movements and the occult. Central to the discussion is how male planners have created planning in their own image, projecting patriarchal assumptions in their creation of "urban realities". Issues of class, sexuality, ethnicity and disability are raised by the fundamental question of "Who is being planned for?". Clara H. Greed has also written "Introducing Town Planning" and "Surveying Sisters".

Planning is currently a male-dominated profession, but an analysis of a century of town planning reveals this to be a new development; women have been central to the planning movement since it began. "Women and Planning" is a comprehensive history and analysis of women and the planning movement, covering the philosophical, practical and policy dimensions of "planning for women". Beyond the marginalization of women, modern, scientific planning hides a story of past links with eugenics, colonialism, artistic, utopian and religious movements and the occult. Central to the discussion is how male planners have created planning in their own image, projecting patriarchal assumptions in their creation of "urban realities". Issues of class, sexuality, ethnicity and disability are raised by the fundamental question of "Who is being planned for?". Clara H. Greed has also written "Introducing Town Planning" and "Surveying Sisters".

Growing Compact: Urban Form, Density and Sustainability explores and unravels the phenomena, links and benefits between density, compactness and the sustainability of cities. It looks at the socio-climatic implications of density and takes a more holistic approach to sustainable urbanism by understanding the correlations between the social, economic and environmental dimensions of the city, and the challenges and opportunities with density. The book presents contributions from internationally well-known scholars, thinkers and practitioners whose theoretical and practical works address city planning, urban and architectural design for density and sustainability at various levels, including challenges in building resilience against climate change and natural disasters, capacity and integration for growth and adaptability, ageing, community and security, vegetation, food production, compact resource systems and regeneration.

In cities throughout the world, there is an increasingly ubiquitous presence of distinct social and spatial areas - urban villages, cultural and ethnic quarters. These spaces are sites where capital and culture intertwine in new ways. City of Quarters brings together some of the most prominent authors writing about urban villages to provide the first systematic and multi-disciplinary overview of this high-profile urban phenomenon. They address key questions such as 'What is the role of urban villages and quarters in the contemporary city?' and 'What are the economic, political, socio-spatial and cultural practices and processes that surround these urban spaces?' Blending conceptual chapters with theoretically directed case studies from all over the world, this book includes issues such as local and regional development strategies, production, consumption, the creative industries, popular culture, identity, lifestyle, and tourism.

Professional Practice for Landscape Architects third edition deals with the practical issues of being a successful landscape architect professional. Endorsed by the Landscape Institute, this book is an indispensable guide for licentiate members of the Institute on their Pathway to Chartership. It follows the revised 2013 syllabus covering all aspects of professional judgement, ethics and values, the legal system, organisation and management, legislation and the planning system, environmental policy and control, procurement and implementation. It also serves as a reminder and reference for fully qualified professionals in their everyday practice and for landscape students. Valuable information is presented in an easy to follow manner with diagrams and schedules, key acts, professional documents and contracts clearly explained and made easy to understand. A handy list of questions are included to aid with P2C revision, answers of which are found within the text.

In the contemporary moment, smart cities have become the dominant paradigm for urban planning and administration, which involves weaving the urban fabric with digital technologies. Recently, however, the promises of smart cities have been gradually supplanted by recognition of their inherent inequalities, and scholars are increasingly working to envision alternative smart cities. Informed by these pressing challenges, Digital (In)Justice in the Smart City foregrounds discussions of how we should think of and work towards urban digital justice in the smart city. It provides a deep exploration of the sources of injustice that percolate throughout a range of sociotechnical assemblages, and it questions whether working towards more just, sustainable, liveable, and egalitarian cities requires that we look beyond the limitations of "smartness" altogether. The book grapples with how geographies impact smart city visions and roll-outs, on the one hand, and how (unjust) geographies are produced in smart pursuits, on the other. Ultimately, Digital (In)Justice in the Smart City envisions alternative cities - smart or merely digital - and outlines the sorts of roles that the commons, utopia, and the law might take on in our conceptions and realizations of better cities.

2022 is the bicentennial of the birth of Frederick Law Olmsted. In celebration of this, Experiencing Olmsted highlights 200 of the iconic landscapes created by him and his successors, many of which are open to the public and beloved as major cultural sites. Frederick Law Olmsted is often described as the father of American landscape architecture. He, his firm, and the successor firms that sprung from it worked to shape our parks systems, our suburban neighborhoods, and most of our best beloved green spaces. Experiencing Olmsted explores 200 of those spaces, including New York's Central and Prospect Parks, Stanford University's campus, the United States Capitol Grounds, Druid Hills in Atlanta, Lake Park in Wisconsin, and many more. Readers will find contemporary and historical photography, original drawings and plans, and descriptions of each space that provide background on Olmsted's most important contributions. 2022 is the bicentennial of Olmsted's birth, and there is no better way to celebrate than the pages of this beautifully packaged, thoughtful exploration of the firm's important legacy on North America's landscape.

Some cities have long-treasured waterfront promenades, many cities have recently built ones, and others have plans to create them as opportunities arise. Beyond connecting people with urban water bodies, waterfront promenades offer many social and ecological benefits. They are places for social gathering, for physical activity, for relief from the stresses of urban life, and where the unique transition from water to land eco-systems can be nurtured and celebrated. The best are inclusive places, welcoming and accessible to diverse users. This book explores urban waterfront promenades worldwide. It presents 38 promenade case studies-as varied as Vancouver's extensive network that has been built over the last century, the classic promenades in Rio de Janeiro, the promenades in Stockholm's recently built Hammarby Sjoestad eco-district, and the Ma On Shan promenade in the Hong Kong New Territories-analyzing their physical form, social use, the circumstances under which they were built, the public policies that brought them into being, and the threats from sea level rise and the responses that have been made. Based on wide research, Urban Waterfront Promenades examines the possibilities for these public spaces and offers design and planning approaches useful for professionals, community decision-makers, and scholars. Extensive plans, cross sections, and photographs permit visual comparison.

Some cities have long-treasured waterfront promenades, many cities have recently built ones, and others have plans to create them as opportunities arise. Beyond connecting people with urban water bodies, waterfront promenades offer many social and ecological benefits. They are places for social gathering, for physical activity, for relief from the stresses of urban life, and where the unique transition from water to land eco-systems can be nurtured and celebrated. The best are inclusive places, welcoming and accessible to diverse users. This book explores urban waterfront promenades worldwide. It presents 38 promenade case studies-as varied as Vancouver's extensive network that has been built over the last century, the classic promenades in Rio de Janeiro, the promenades in Stockholm's recently built Hammarby Sjoestad eco-district, and the Ma On Shan promenade in the Hong Kong New Territories-analyzing their physical form, social use, the circumstances under which they were built, the public policies that brought them into being, and the threats from sea level rise and the responses that have been made. Based on wide research, Urban Waterfront Promenades examines the possibilities for these public spaces and offers design and planning approaches useful for professionals, community decision-makers, and scholars. Extensive plans, cross sections, and photographs permit visual comparison.

A New Model for Housing Finance presents a thought-provoking solution to the housing crisis that follows the division of public and private money on housing costs and benefits. It brings a practical perspective on why housing is unaffordable, and what can be done about it using public and private capital. This book re-examines the foundation of housing finance in the United States with the aim to shift the paradigm from the public and private sectors working in silos, to working together. Through brief yet rigorous chapters, the book assesses the policy failures of both public and private sectors by drawing attention to the continuing human impacts of this man-made crisis, finally calling for a new model of financing housing through public-private partnerships. The limited impact and false hope of planning interventions, as well as the widespread economic impacts of the global pandemic of 2020, demonstrate the urgent need for change in our approach to housing policy, and this book lays out a path forward. It will be of interest to anyone working in or studying housing, social justice, urban planning, urban studies, and public policy.

The scale of ecological crises made us realize that every kind of politics has always been cosmopolitics, politics of a cosmos. Cosmos embraces everything, including the multifarious natural and material entities that make humans act. The book examines cosmopolitics in its relation to design practice. Abandoning the modernist idea of nature as being external to the human experience - a nature that can be mastered by engineers and scientists from outside, the cosmpolitical thinking offers designers to embark in an active process of manipulating and reworking nature 'from within.' To engage in cosmopolitics, this book argues, means to redesign, create, instigate, and compose every single feature of our common experience. In the light of this new understanding of nature, we set the questions: What is the role of design if nature is no longer salient enough to provide a background for human activities? How can we foster designers' own force and make present what causes designers to think, feel, and act? How do designers make explicit the connection of humans to a variety of entities with different ontology: rivers, species, particles, materials and forces? How do they redefine political order by bringing together stars, prions and people? In effect, how should we understand design practice in its relation to the material and the living world? In this volume, anthropologists, science studies scholars, political scientists and sociologists rethink together the meaning of cosmopolitics for design. At the same time designers, architects and artists engage with the cosmopolitical question in trying to imagine the future of architectural and urban design. The book contains original empirical chapters and a number of revealing interviews with artists and designers whose practices set examples of 'cosmopolitically correct design'.

The so-called 'creative industries' are increasingly being presented as an important tool of urban regeneration and economic development. Until now, research on the clustering of such activities has been limited to economics, geography and urban policy. This book is the first to gather together emerging research in urban design and spatial planning that explores what characteristics of the built form of cities support the distinctive activity patterns of various creative industries, and how and why they cluster together at a range of local scales. The book offers detailed case studies and comparative analyses of creative city neighbourhoods on five continents. Contributions examine urban forms, building types, and other qualities of place that attract and retain creative workers and foster creative production, outlining a range of methodologies for studying them. Taken altogether, Creative Milieux offers new insights for urban design practice, and for its role in wider urban policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Urban Design.

Communities have practiced strategic planning for decades using a variety of tools and programs based on the initial Take Charge programs of the early 1990s. These efforts generated a large amount of research regarding their effectiveness, as well as ways to measure long-term outcomes and other related issues, in efforts to better understand the process of community change. This book provides contributions written by researchers and practitioners describing both visioning and other strategic planning efforts. The Great Recession challenged the future of many small and medium sized cities, especially in non-metropolitan areas, renewing the interests of community leaders and elected officials in finding innovative ways to revitalize their local employment base and economic opportunities. Having access to a collection of best practices and successful approaches can greatly assist these practitioners in selecting strategies and techniques for use in their community efforts. The material in this book is especially useful because it includes both methodologies as well as case studies of how and why various approaches used in alternative cultural settings have succeeded. This book was originally published as a special issue of Community Development.

Post-industrial urban spaces typically include abandoned factories, disused rail lines, old pits and quarries, and de-commissioned landfills. In these places, different visions compete for dominance with respect to current and future land uses. Neighbours often view such urban greenspace as polluted, unkempt and weedy, harbouring undesirable biophysical features and people. These are spaces that often become the focus of some form of revitalization, reinvestment and restoration. From the perspective of civic authorities and urban planners, transforming post-industrial landscapes into disciplined and tended greenspace creates the urban conditions and signals of popular contemporary taste that attract investors, gentrifiers, and tourists. But post-industrial spaces are also places where unique and unpredictable human and ecological associations can emerge spontaneously. Such places may contain considerable ecological integrity and biodiversity and host human populations who find a home and respite in such ecologies. They also tell stories of an industrial and urban past that should be acknowledged, understood and (if suitable) celebrated. This volume explores the environmental justice and injustice dimensions of emerging urban post-industrial landscapes, including the ecological politics, cultural representations and aesthetics of these spaces. This book was published as a special issue of Local Environment.

Inhabitable Infrastructures: Science fiction or urban future?, the follow up to Food City and Smartcities and Eco-Warriors, from one of the world's leading urban design and architectural thinkers, explores the potential of climate change-related multi-use infrastructures that address the fundamental human requirements to protect, to provide and to participate. The stimulus for the infrastructures derives from postulated scenarios and processes gleaned from science fiction and futurology as well as the current body of scientific knowledge regarding changing environmental impacts on cities. Science fiction is interdisciplinary by nature, aggregates the past and present, and evaluates both lay opinions and professional strategies in an attempt to develop foresight and to map possible futures. The research culminates in the creation of innovative multi-use infrastructures and integrated self-sustaining support systems that meet the challenges posed through climate change and overpopulation, and the reciprocal benefits of simultaneously addressing the threat and the shaping of cities. J. G. Ballard has written that the psychological realm of science fiction is most valuable in its predictive function, and in projecting emotions into the future. The knowledge from the book is widely transferable, constituting both solutions and speculative visions of future urban environments. The book is indispensable reading for professionals and students in the fields of urban design, architecture, engineering and environmental socio-politics.

First published in 1984, this book addresses key questions about the pattern of urban development in Southern Europe and the mechanisms employed to control and regulate this development in individual countries. It examines five countries - Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Turkey - that have experienced different scales and rates of urbanization and industrialization. It identifies common problems arising from these processes, as well as the successes and failures of the planning policies employed to regulate development. This book will be of great value to geographers interested in Southern Europe and urban and regional planners interested in comparative patterns of development.

First published in 1984, this book presents a survey of housing problems in various European countries and how individual states have responded. Each chapter begins by surveying the problem in each country since the Second World War, before going on to outline the roles fulfilled by national housing agencies and local authorities, as well as assessing the impact of housing policies on society and on the physical shape of cities. It considers whether housing policies have succeeded or failed and how the 'housing problem' has changed over time. Each chapter draws out lessons that can be learned for the future from each country's past handling of the problem. This book will be a useful reference for those interested in housing, including planners, geographers, economists, sociologists or policy-makers.

First published in 1985, this book presents seven games for use in the teaching and study of planning, urban studies or land administration. These simulations are all built on researched case studies and deal with a number of critical planning and developmental issues; for each one the book provides full operational instructions and all gaming materials required. The games in this volume cover a number of scenarios, including the design of a mixed retail, social and service centre in a new city, new development in a run-down inner city area, rehabilitation or renewal of housing, tourist development in the Mediterranean and a new cross-town motorway in a major north American city. In addition, sets of guidelines for those wishing to design and operate their own case study simulations are also included. This book will be a valuable resource for students of town planning or urban development who are keen to gain 'hands-on' experience of using the professional skills they have acquired on their courses.

Data Visualization for Design Thinking helps you make better maps. Treating maps as applied research, you'll be able to understand how to map sites, places, ideas, and projects, revealing the complex relationships between what you represent, your thinking, the technology you use, the culture you belong to, and your aesthetic practices. More than 100 examples illustrated with over 200 color images show you how to visualize data through mapping. Includes five in-depth cases studies and numerous examples throughout.

The primary era of this study - the twentieth century - symbolizes the peak of the colonial rule and its total decline, as well as the rise of the new nation state of India. The processes that have been labeled 'westernization' and 'modernization' radically changed middle-class Indian life during the century. This book describes and explains the various technological, political and social developments that shaped one building type - the bungalow - contemporaneous to the development of modern Indian history during the period of British rule and its subsequent aftermath. Drawing on their own physical and photographic documentation, and building on previous work by Anthony King and the Desais, the authors show the evolution of the bungalow's architecture from a one storey building with a verandah to the assortment of house-forms and their regional variants that are derived from the bungalow. Moreover, the study correlates changes in society with architectural consequences in the plans and aesthetics of the bungalow. It also examines more generally what it meant to be modern in Indian society as the twentieth century evolved.