The opening chapter of The Essential Guide to Magnetic Resonance presents applications of Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (19F MRI) in cancer research, tissue metabolomics, quantification of drug delivery, cellular tracking, tissue pH measurements and detection of 19F labeled cells. The authors review in vitro research applying 19F MRI and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to facilitate the synthesis, tracking and visualization of new fluorinated drug conjugates. 19F MRI also provides high contrast in vivo images due to the absence of an endogenous 19F signal, 100% natural abundance of 19F, and a chemical shift range of over 400 ppm. Afterwards, examples of current methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided photodynamic therapy are presented. Recent development of MRI detectable nanoparticle constructs, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) sensors, gadolinium based photosensitizers and europium singlet oxygen probes are discussed. In addition, applications of Functional MRI using a blood oxygen dependent level (BOLD) MRI in monitoring photodynamic action are addressed, with the goal of informing researchers about the potential for using MRI guided photodynamic therapy and oxygen dosimetry. The applications of MRI within the sphere of pharmacy are analyzed; in particular, the use of MRI to track pharmaceuticals in vitro and in vivo noninvasively and monitoring their controlled-release. Functional MRI for noninvasive clinical brain imaging is explored as it is applied to studies of autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy Alzheimers disease, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury and blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) imaging of brain function. An overview of the scope of MRI as a diagnostic technique in neurology and in neurosurgery is also provided.

The knowledge of the morphofunctional features from the coronary microcirculation is essential for understanding its role in cardiac physiological work and in the pathogenesis of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). The cardiovascular system comprises the heart and blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, both systemic and pulmonary. Arterioles are the primary site of vascular resistance and have only one to two layers of smooth muscular walls. Chapter One will provide an overview of the coronary microcirculation, its functions and regulatory mechanisms. The importance of CMD will be summarised in the context of diverse clinic scenarios, considering its pathogenesis, assessment and therapeutic management. The purpose of Chapter Two is to understand the role of arteriolar endothelial dysfunction in CVDs and its underlying mechanisms. Chapter Three will explore the physiopathology, epidemiology, and the diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive retinopathy. Chapter Four reports on angiogenesis, a critical process for reproduction in mammals, which consists of arterioles and blood vessels formation from the existing ones.

This book is written for the primary care clinician to help update knowledge of pediatric endocrinology (with an emphasis on diabetes) from both ancient and modern times. The current and future shortage of pediatric endocrinologists necessitates steady, rejuvenated information on diabetes and other endocrine disorders for primary care clinicians as they care for the child and adolescent with complex endocrine dilemmas and disorders. In view of this shortage and the rapidly increasing knowledge in pediatric diabetes as well as understanding indications for referral to pediatric endocrinologists in the 21st century, au courant assiduous information aimed at primary care clinicians in these areas becomes increasingly important.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the western world, seen mostly in the elderly age-group and has a very variable clinical outcome. Traditionally considered an indolent, antigen inexperienced leukemia of slowly accumulating cells that do not die, researchers now acknowledge that CLL cells are highly proliferative, antigen experienced cells that have a high cell turnover and a subset show an aggressive clinical course. The onset of the disease is usually asymptomatic; only abnormalities in whole blood count such as leukocytosis with lymphocytosis are found. Nowadays, CLL is diagnosed more often at an early, asymptomatic stage due to more frequent routine blood tests. More advanced stages are characterized by lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly/splenomegaly, recurrent infections, weakness, pallor and hemorrhagic diathesis, and general symptoms such as weight loss, fever and night sweats are observed. This book reviews the diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis of CLL.

Psoriasis is a common, non-infectious, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterised by distinctive erythematous plaques that multiply and scale over with silvery patches. Psoriasis can affect any cutaneous site and is frequently found on the extensor skin surface of elbows and knees, scalp and sacral regions. Psoriasis is also associated with systemic conditions, including psoriatic arthritis, Crohns disease and lymphoma. This book discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis and management strategies of psoriasis. Chapter One provides an overview of the challenging medical condition. Chapter Two discusses the possible factors raised by literature as main contributors to sleep disturbances and its correlation to psoriasis. Chapter Three gives an overview of the current results where blood plasma thermal changes have been detected by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique on psoriatic patients with different clinical stages, and monitored patients with no symptoms to patients with serious symptoms. Chapter Four discusses psoriasis treatment that targets the IL-23/Th17 axis. Chapter Five reviews natural health products for managing psoriasis.

This book discusses the diagnosis, treatment and management of liver disease. Chapter One reviews hepatic hydatidosis. Chapter Two explores the diagnosis, natural history, and management for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Chapter Three discusses scientific evidence that explains the relationship between metabolic syndrome, non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and psoriasis and the treatment strategy for this co-morbid condition. Chapter Four examines the pathophysiology and treatment of liver cirrhosis. Chapter Five reviews surgical strategies to push up resection limits in liver disease and liver failure after surgery.

Video Protocols and Techniques for Movement Disorders presents this visually-based subspecialty through a truly unique product, illustrating how to establish a start-of-the-art videotaping workspace as well as how to instruct patients on how to participate in videotaped examination. The authors cover various technical issues-space, lighting, equipment-as well as medical protocols related to filming movement disorders, accounting for patient variability and abilities. This essential guide teaches the reader how to capture the key features of a given patient's disorder, detailing the ideal interactions between the videographer and patient. Issues of video storage and editing are addressed in practical terms. Your purchase of Video Protocols and Techniques for Movement Disorders provides you personal access to this online-only product as part of Oxford Medicine Online (www.oxfordmedicine.com http://www.oxfordmedicine.com). At the time of this printing, Oxford Medicine Online allows you to print, save, cite, email, and share content; download high-resolution figures as PowerPoint (R) slides; save often-used books, chapters, or searches; annotate; and quickly jump to other chapters or related material on a mobile-optimized platform. Oxford Medicine Online's applicable Privacy Policy and Legal Notice (available at www.oxfordmedicine.com) shall govern your use of the site. Technical Requirements In order to access Video Protocols and Techniques for Movement Disorders as part of the Oxford Medicine Online website, you need a standard web browser such as: Internet Explorer 9; Mozilla Firefox 9; Safari 5; Google Chrome 17 or 18. You will also need an internet connection, HTML and JavaScript support. Your operating system should be one of the following: Windows XP; Windows Vista; Windows 7; MAC OSX+. You will also need MS Office installed on your computer to be able to open images in PowerPoint files. The Oxford Medicine Online products are best viewed with a screen resolution of 1024x768, although they will also work at higher and lower resolutions. Please note that some tables are wide and so require 1024x768 screen resolution.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive bone marrow cancer associated with high morbidity and mortality and most commonly affects older patient populations. In this book, the clinical presentation of acute myeloid leukemia are presented. Other chapters present the differences in the outcomes of two subtypes of core binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemia (AML); examine the occurrence of the Philadelphia chromosome in AML with core binding factor leukemia; and therapeutic options of older patients with AML.

Today every ICU provides rapid and automated blood gas testing twenty-four hours a day. The emphasis in this handy manual on blood gases is on interpreting readings and wisely using the information derived. The self-testing questions and glossary make it particularly useful. The Second Edition includes patient scenarios, more figures, a revised bibliography, and pertinent Internet addresses. Compatibility: BlackBerry(R) OS 4.1 or Higher / iPhone/iPod Touch 2.0 or Higher /Palm OS 3.5 or higher / Palm Pre Classic / Symbian S60, 3rd edition (Nokia) / Windows Mobile(TM) Pocket PC (all versions) / Windows Mobile Smartphone / Windows 98SE/2000/ME/XP/Vista/Tablet PC

This book presents topical research in the study of the procedures, types and complications of biopsies. Topics included in this compilation are the historical evolution of the sentinel node biopsy; temporal artery biopsy; the value of FDG PET/CT in guiding bone marrow biopsy procedures in the initial evaluation of lymphoma patients; biopsy procedures in the diagnosis of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis; the options and techniques in the biopsy of musculoskeletal tumours; computed-tomography guided percutaneous biopsy; and lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage cervical cancer.

Hearing the patient's story, asking the right questions, and doing a careful, thorough and informed physical examination are intrinsic to good medicine. It is easy to rely and become dependent on technology to diagnose and to treat our patients. Yet, no machine will ever be a match for a listening ear and the laying on of hands. These skills are core to the art of medicine and require practice. It is only by becoming familiar with the norm that we can appreciate the norm. This book is a clinical skills textbook with a third dimension -- the human factor. We read about real people, real symptoms and real diagnostic problems. It doesn't waste time on rare physical signs that will never be encountered but instead, focuses on common, important clinical skills and symptom patterns.

Predictive, preventive and personalised medicine offers great promise for the future practice of medicine. Essential components of this approach include well-organised population screening protocols utilising novel diagnostic biomarkers of disease states, targeted prevention of common human pathologies, optimal treatment planning and personalised medicine thereby resulting in substantial improvement of the quality of life. This approach also offers the advantage of delivering care at potentially reduced costs to the population at large thereby addressing social and ethical issues related to access to and affordability of health care. Consequently, conventional medicine and new branches of biomedicine are currently challenging many issue-related questions: Should molecular diagnostic approaches be considered complementary or substitutive measures to conventional approaches? How reliable are biomarkers for any given pathology? How to distinguish between the highly predictive power of innovation and quackery in diagnostics? How to overcome currently well-recognisable (inter)national barriers in knowledge transfer? How to correctly educate the new generation of experts in bio- and predictive medicine? The book addresses these highly relevant issues and provides some clues for plausible solutions. The information presented in this book emphasises the necessity of individualised patient treatment and provides compelling reasons as to why "across-the-board" treatment is not warranted. Application of nutritional proteomics results in individualised optimal diet and may potentially restrict the epidemic scale of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. A broad distribution and a routine clinical utilisation of these advanced technological approaches could enable a significant portion of the population to reach the 100-year age limit yet remaining vibrant in excellent physical and mental health and as actively contributing members of society. The examples given in the book are based on well-recognised expertise, scientific publications and international patents. A panel of leading world experts and authorities of the international issue-related associations have contributed to the book by addressing relevant issues and topics such as model-based patient-care and individualised therapy-planning, reproductive medicine and postnatal diagnostics, early/predictive diagnosis and optimised treatment of cancer as well as the most frequent neurodegenerative disorders.

DSM-5 Guidebook: The Essential Companion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition is a user-friendly, supplementary guide for psychiatrists, psychologists, and other mental health practitioners who need to know how DSM-5 differs from its predecessor in terms of organizational structure, diagnostic categories, and the criteria themselves. While it does not replace the comprehensive and authoritative DSM-5, it illuminates its content by teaching mental health professionals how to use the revised diagnostic criteria and by providing a practical context for its clinical use. The book offers many valuable features, including: * An historical overview of the development of the DSM in general, and DSM-5 in particular, a progression that might be said to mirror the evolution of psychiatry as a whole. The material on the creation of DSM-5 includes coverage of dimensional assessment, reliability and field trials, and the controversies that arose during development of DSM-5.* An indispensable chapter on how to use DSM-5 that addresses coding, diagnostic certainty, the demise of the multiaxial system, and the key changes to each diagnostic category.* Full coverage of the significant reorganization from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5, which is designed to incorporate advances in neuroscience, brain imaging and genetics. Chapters were reordered to reflect scientific advances in the understanding of psychiatric disorders, and the presumed etiological and the pathophysiological relationships among them.* Extensive coverage of the decision to integrate dimensional measures into DSM-5, which may enhance the clinician's ability to assess symptom variation and severity and aid in patient evaluation, treatment decisions, and outcome monitoring. The various measures are presented and their use discussed.* Finally, as the authors were not part of the revision process, they offer a fresh, down-to-earth perspective that will resonate with clinicians by focusing on the changes that will most significantly impact clinicians' professional lives. DSM-5 Guidebook provides a roadmap to the many changes in this living document, DSM-5, and will prove invaluable to psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, neurologists, social workers, and all who strive to understand mental illness as it is conceived today.

Precision medicine is a topical subject that attracts tremendous attention from scientific and medical communities, being set to transform health care in the future. This book will be among the first to cover the detection methods for precision medicine. The first section provides an overview of the biomarkers used for precision medicine, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. The coverage then turns to sequencing techniques and their applications, and other bioanalytical techniques, including mass spectrometry for proteome and phosphoproteome analysis, immunological methods and droplet technologies. The final sections include biosensors applied to precision medicine and clinical applications. This book provides a reference for researchers and students interested and working in the development of bioanalytical techniques for clinical applications. It provides a useful introduction for physicians and medical laboratory technologists to the recent advances in detection methods for precision medicine.

A comprehensive, systematic approach to 12-lead EKG interpretation covering all relevant topics you'll encounter in clinical practice including treatment options!Delivering clear and concise explanations to help students easily grasp key concepts, this book provides a comprehensive, no-nonsense approach to EKG interpretation for nurse practitioner and physician assistant students, as well as practicing clinicians who need a quick refresher. The third edition retains the book&'s systematic, physiologic approach that trains readers to follow the same steps in evaluating EKG tracings. After working through this book, you'll gain a genuine understanding of EKG interpretation and will no longer need to memorize EKG strips. Using the patient's presenting symptoms as a starting point, abundant clinical scenarios demonstrate real-life applications for interpreting EKG readings. With over 75 figures and tables and more than 260 EKG tracings, this resource delivers everything you need to provide expert, quality care to your patients. NEW to the THIRD EDITIONn Treatment options included for premature atrial and ventricular contractions, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, ischemia and infarction, and heart block 14 in-depth chapter case scenarios to further challenge you and increase your proficiency in EKG interpretation 60 new EKG tracings, providing you with more than 260 tracings throughout the book Evidence-based approaches to differentiate between similar EKG patterns New high-risk EKG descriptions, including multiple types of high-grade heart block and Wellen's syndrome for acute myocardial infarction Risk stratification techniques for heart block, acute coronary syndromes, and supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias utilizing the EKG KEY FEATURES Addresses EKG interpretation using a systematic, physiologic approach, eliminating the need for memorization Uses the patient's presenting clinical symptoms as a starting point to teach critical thinking Includes more than 75 figures and tables and 260 EKG tracings to further illustrate concepts Offers 140 end-of-chapter review questions to help solidify your knowledge Includes 70 case studies with EKG tracings and teaching points at the end of the book, plus additional case studies in each chapter, to connect key concepts with real-world learning

Medical Response to Adult Sexual Assault, Second Edition provides evidence-based research on diagnosis, treatment, and examination in cases of sexual violence and assault. Survivors of sexual assault face any number of unique challenges both on the path to physical and psychological recovery and in navigating the investigative and judicial processes related to their traumatic experiences. Medical practitioners who work with these survivors require informed expertise in order to support their patients' safety and personal well-being. The authors and contributors, a team of expert physicians, nurses, attorneys, and other multidisciplinary practitioners, have fully revised and updated Medical Response to Child Sexual Abuse to reflect contemporary best practices in the investigation and treatment of sexual violence. Any professionals who work with victims of sexual assault will find this latest edition essential to their responsibilities and to the renewed well-being of those in their care.

Best of Five MCQs for the MRCP Part 1 volumes 1-3 offers a comprehensive and trustworthy solution to anybody wishing to sit, pass and excel at the Membership of the Royal College of Physicians Part 1 examination. Presented as a unique three-volume set, each volume features 375 high-quality practice questions on each of the systems and specialties in alphabetical order. Volume 2 features Best of Five questions on dermatology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatric medicine, infectious diseases, and ophthalmology. All 375 questions contain questions written and reviewed by successful candidates and previous examiners, and are accompanied by detailed explanations and further reading, ensuring complete and successful revision for this challenging exam. Matched to the latest Royal College curricula in coverage and format, this dedicated resource provides readers with an accurate, authoritative and evidence-based companion to the MRCP Part 1.

Stroke is the leading cause of permanent disability, including post-stroke dementia, pain, depression, and personality changes. While large clinical trials reflect information about large stroke populations, the presentation of each and every stroke patient is individual and special. More Case Studies in Stroke presents a new selection of stroke cases from seven countries prepared by practising stroke physicians. The book includes both common and unusual cases, as well as misleading cases of diseases mimicking stroke. The aim is to reinforce diagnostic skills through careful analysis of individual presenting patterns, and to guide treatment decisions. Each case consists of a clinical history, examination findings and special investigations, followed by diagnosis and discussion. The outline of the actual diagnostic process, including the use of modern diagnostic tools, decision making and course, challenge the reader at all stages of their career from medical students to neurologists and stroke physicians.

2017 Choice Outstanding Academic Title With over forty years of experience as a sought after diagnostician, Dr. Stuart Mushlin has cracked his share of medical mysteries, ones in which there are bigger gambles than playing the ponies at the track. Some of his patients show up with puzzling symptoms, calling for savvy medical detective work. Others seem to present cut-and-dry cases, but they turn out to be suffering from rare or serious conditions.   In Playing the Ponies and Other Medical Mysteries Solved, Dr. Mushlin shares some of the most intriguing cases he has encountered, revealing the twists and turns of each patient’s diagnosis and treatment process. Along the way, he imparts the secrets to his success as a medical detective—not specialized high-tech equipment, but time-honored techniques like closely observing, touching, and listening to patients. He also candidly describes cases where he got things wrong, providing readers with honest insights into both the joys and dilemmas of his job.      Dr. Mushlin does not just treat diseases; he treats people. And this is not just a book about the ailments he diagnosed; it is also about the scared, uncertain, ailing individuals he helped in the process. Filled with real-life medical stories you’ll have to read to believe, Playing the Ponies is both a suspenseful page-turner and a heartfelt reflection on a life spent caring for patients. 

Based on Dr. Croibier's everyday clinical experience, this book provides critical tools for examining patients in order to determine what the course of treatment should be. Written for manual hands-on therapy students and practitioners that include osteopaths, physical therapists, and chiropractors, the book explores in depth the osteopathic diagnosis process that aims to identify an abnormality and to discover factors that may be causing the dysfunction. Drawing a comparison between diagnosis in classical medicine and osteopathy, Dr. Croibier explains that the osteopath focuses on restoring the conditions of good health rather than simply addressing the consequences of disease. Enhanced with more than 175 full-color instructional photos and illustrations, the book describes the manual hands-on assessments and general evaluations that lead to a diagnosis. Manual assessments include objective observation, diagnostic touch, palpation of the affected areas of the body, visualization, and "listening" (a hand placed on a specific part of the body to determine tissue functionality). Based on Dr. Croibier's recommendations, the manual therapist also performs a patient intake and interview; general evaluation that analyzes the patient's symptoms and general state; examination of posture and equilibrium; and observation of individual characteristics, such as constitution, temperament, and body type.

Neurology: A Clinician's Approach teaches a symptom-oriented approach to the 20 most common problems which face neurologists in training. Emphasizing the primary importance of the patient history, the reader is instructed which questions to ask in order to elicit the chief complaint, how to ask these questions, and how to interpret the answers. The neurologic examination is presented as a flexible diagnostic tool rather than as a rigid exercise to be performed by rote and without reference to the chief complaint. Each chapter integrates evidence-based and experience-based approaches to diagnostic testing and treatment. Frequently-encountered conditions, uncommon 'zebras', and non-neurologic mimics of nervous system dysfunction are all given appropriate weight. Neurology: A Clinician's Approach is essential reading for neurologists in training, including neurology residents and medical students.

Differential diagnosis texts for the MRCP can overload candidates with detailed information, making revision seem difficult and overwhelming. In contrast, this book avoids exhaustive lists of often rare causes and concentrates instead on a maximum of five of the most common causes in terms of prevalence for each scenario, making revision more structured and manageable. The book includes diagnostic hints - clinical or lab clues that point towards a specific diagnosis - and a unique chapter on key ECG causes and features. Although primarily intended for MRCP Part I & II and FCPS (Pakistan) Part II candidates, this book will also be useful for undergraduate students preparing for finals.

The third updated and revised edition of Differential Diagnosis in Conventional Radiology provides essential information to make conventional x-ray an effective tool in diagnosing disorders affecting the bones and joints and the thoracic and abdominal body segments. The book is organized according to classifications of radiologic findings rather than disease, enabling the reader to approach diagnosis in a way that reflects the actual clinical situation. Concise and comprehensive tables outline key information on diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Highlights: The unique organization of chapters based on radiologic findings mirrors the situations encountered in daily clinical practice Easy-to-reference tables classifying findings, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis and providing important clinical data are perfect for an at-a-glance review More than 2000 radiographs and schematic diagrams help to guide the reader toward the most likely diagnoses The third edition of Differential Diagnosis in Conventional Radiology contains an updated and revised section on radiology of the abdomen combined with the complete text from the recently published books Bone and Joint Disorders and The Chest X-Ray by the same authors. An exceptional reference work to have on hand, Differential Diagnosis in Conventional Radiology will benefit radiologists and specialists seeking to improve their skills in diagnostic imaging and will also be of great interest to residents preparing for their specialist examinations.

First Do No Harm is an interdisciplinary study examining how various members of academic physicians organisations have constructed certain images of patients on paper over time. The study pays special attention to the classical concept of pathos, or its modern equivalent, empathy. It analyses the usage of language in describing the patients in five editions of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), spaced 30 years apart - March 25, 1828; March 25, 1858; March 29 1888; March 28, 1918; and March 25, 1948. This book provides a unique study on this topic.