One new mother in twenty is diagnosed with traumatic stress after childbirth. In Birth Crisis Sheila Kitzinger explores the disempowerment and anxiety experienced by these women. Key topics discussed include:

• increasing intervention in pregnancy
• the shift in emphasis from relationships to technology in childbirth
• how family, friends and professional caregivers can reach out to traumatized mothers
• how women can work through stress to understand themselves more deeply and grow in emotional maturity
• how care and the medical system needs to be changed.

Birth Crisis draws on mothers' voices and real-life experiences to explore the suffering after childbirth which has, until now, been brushed under the carpet. It is a fascinating and useful resource for student and practising midwives, all health professionals, and women and their families who want to learn how to overcome a traumatic birth.

At the cutting-edge of maternal and neonatal management and research, this reference presents the most recent advances in fetal DNA/RNA, embryoscopy/fetoscopy, open fetal surgery, and ethnic population screening to manage pre-existing and newly detected maternal medical complications, detect genetic and congenital abnormalities, prevent preterm births, and optimize pregnancy outcomes. With illustrative color photographs, this source offers contributions by esteemed professionals at respected institutions around the globe and covers legal issues concerning prenatal assessment and diagnosis.

This reference provides an authoritative overview of the role of ultrasonography and MR imaging technologies in the examination and assessment of the central nervous system of the fetus and neonate. Spanning advancements in fetal ultrasound, in-utero MR, the imaging of the neonatal brain, and the analysis of normal and abnormal brain development, this guide paints a vivid picture of the utilization and development of imaging technologies in modern prenatal and pediatric medicine.

Medical professionals are often involved in the management of the pregnant patient without necessarily being experts on all the complications surrounding pregnancy. The Handbook of Obstetric Medicine addresses the most common and serious medical conditions encountered in pregnancy, including heart disease, thromboembolism, diabetes, skin problems, gastrointestinal disease, neurological problems, hormonal diseases, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, and more. For each condition, the handbook includes a description of incidence, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, the effect of pregnancy, and management of the condition. The book also includes a detailed section focusing on the differential diagnosis of common symptoms including hypertension, chest pain, palpitations, breathlessness, headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, and more. The symptoms and differential diagnoses are presented in an easy-to-read tabular format and include a description of important clinical features and potential areas of investigation. For those clinicians understandably reluctant to prescribe drugs during pregnancy, a useful appendix includes a section on prescribing in pregnancy and a list of contra-indicated drugs. In addition, to assist in the interpretation of laboratory tests, a second appendix lists normal laboratory values in pregnancy, broken down by trimester. Pre -pregnancy counselling and postnatal follow up are vital in the holistic management of women with medical problems and this includes appropriate contraceptive advice. A third appendix has therefore been added as a ready reference for clinicians not familiar with effective contraception. The new edition remains a pragmatic and easy-to-use design by including tables, bullets, and "Points to remember" boxes for ease of reference. It is an essential on-the-spot guide for obstetricians, physicians, general practitioners, and midwives in both practice and training. Catherine Nelson-Piercy, MA, FRCP, FRCOG Past President, International Society of Obstetric Medicine, Professor of Obstetric Medicine, King's College London, Co-founding Editor-in-Chief, Obstetric Medicine Praise for previous editions: "This is an excellent handbook of obstetric medicine, which deserves to be on the shelves of all actively practicing obstetricians."-British Medical Association Medical Book Awards "This book gets it just right and is a true handbook, easy to read, accessible and is not too large but packs in a lot of useful and relevant information." - Glycosmedia

At one time, many children born with congenital heart disease (CHD) suffered from issues that carried fatal prognoses. But that's changing, thanks to technological advances. Interventions in Structural, Valvular, and Congenital Heart Disease, Second Edition guides you throught the interventional treatment of congenital, valvular, and structural heart disease in the children and adults. The book emphasizes the practical aspects of procedures and covers other important areas such as indications and patient selection, potential pitfalls, and complications. See What's New in the Second Edition: Contributions from new authors who are pioneers in structural interventions in adults and transcatheter aortic valve replacement Expanded emphasis on the importance of imaging alongside the technical details of equipment and its safe and effective delivery Coverage of emerging techniques at the forefront of interventional treatment such as fetal interventions, hybrid procedures, and mitral valve repair Greater understanding, technical knowhow, and wider availability of catheters, balloons, delivery systems, and devices have spread intervention into the realm of acquired valve disease, degenerative disease of the aorta, paravalve leakage, postinfarction ventricular septal defects, and closure of the left atrial appendage. The book draws together expert interventionists from throughout the world to present approaches to congenital and structural heart disease that results in better outcomes for patients.

Cardiac disease is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Catastrophic outcomes typically encountered are due to gaps in knowledge and communication between health care providers. There is a great need for a standardized approach for care of this very high-risk group of pregnant women. The book encompasses detailed obstetrics and cardiology perspectives that are crucial in the management of the commonly encountered cardiac conditions in pregnancy. This text aims to provide guidance to the whole team caring for a pregnant cardiac patient consisting of obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine, hospitalists, cardiologists, obstetric anaesthesiologists, emergency physicians, primary care providers and nurses. Features: Cardio-Obstetric team organization Preconception counselling and family planning considerations Cardiovascular disease screening and risk stratification of a pregnant cardiac patient Management of a wide spectrum of cardiovascular diagnoses through use of checklists and algorithms in a simple format Essential key points for each cardiac diagnosis

This text analyses the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and control of respiratory disorders in the newborn infant. It explores the mechanisms, patterns and factors influencing respiratory activity and dysfunction, as well as the aetiology, management and evaluation of conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, airway disorders, and congenital hypoventilation syndromes.

This Clinic in Developmental Medicine describes a meticulous survey of germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants, which took place in three New Jersey counties between 1984 and 1987. The babies under study weighed 501-2000g at their birth. They were studied prospectively with cranial ultrasound; the findings were correlated with very detailed pathological examination of the brains of those who died, and with later outcome in the survivors. The numbers studied in this population-based sample were large enough both to test and to generate hypotheses about the causes and consequences of hemorrhage.

Contents:
Introduction 1. Biology of Twinning 2. Twin Pregnancy and the Twin Fetus 3. Intrauterine Behaviour 4. Antecedents and Forerunners of Postnatal Life 5. Still in Hospital: Birth and Soon After Birth 6. Back Home 7. The Initial Stages of Twinship 8. 'Twinning' 9. Becoming 'Twinned' - The Couple Effect 10. Change in the Twins 11. Different Types of Twins 12. Changes in the Family 13. Conclusions

Much has been written about twins. Very, little, however, is about their everyday lives, not even postnatal let alone prenatal. In this fascinating new study Alessandra Piontelli follows the development and behaviour of thirty pairs of twins from their early life in the womb through to their third year as members of the human community. Drawing on detailed ultrasound observations and work with mothers and families in clinical and natural settings to trace the subtle ways in which various types of twins live, behave and interact with their unequally shared and unique pre- and postnatal environments.
Piontelli shows how from a very early on distinctive and personal traits can be seen in the behaviour of each member of a twin couple and how these traits continue and strengthen well beyond birth. At the same time, the 'couple effect' has an impact on their behaviour even after the birth when social interactions begin. The book describes not only the behaviour of the twins, but the impact they have on the lives of their family and carers - what family members say, how they react and how the family changes.
Scientifically based, but warmly human in content, this unique longitudinal study offers new insights to professionals working with mothers and families of twins and to researchers in human development across a range of disciplines.

This book contains a series of clinical cases that address and illustrate difficult problems in obstetric ultrasound. The approach is strongly didactic and will aid trainees in maternal-fetal medicine and obstetrics to appreciate potential pitfalls and recognize rare presentations. Each case sets out one page of text, then one of treatment algorithms, and then presents sample ultrasound scans. Learning objectives are given for each case, together with a short list of references and background reading.

Containing over 10,000 citations from the literature, Chemically Induced Birth Defects, Third Edition deserves a place on the bookshelves of all toxicologists, teratologists, pediatricians, obstetricians, gynecologists, environmentalists, biochemists, oncologists, pharmacologists, endocrinologists, and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and medical school students in these disciplines.

This is a complete, medically reliable dictionary of congenital malformations and disorders. As the authors explain, Down syndrome is the only common congenital disorder; the other defects and disorders are rare or very rare, some having been reported fewer than 20 times worldwide.This dictionary covers them all. Examples: Aagenaes syndrome is due to congenital hypoplasia of lymph vessels, which causes lymphedema of the legs and recurrent cholestasis in infancy, and slow progress to hepatic cirrhosis and giant-cell hepatitis with fibrosis of the portal tracts. Acrocallosal syndrome is characterized by total or partial absence of the corpus callosum, craniofacial dysmorphism, polydactyly, and severe mental retardation. Other features can be retinal pigmentation anomalies, optic atrophy, strabismus, nystagmus, cleft lip and palate, cardiovascular anomalies, hernia, abnormal nipples, and fits. Acrodysostosis is characterized by prenatal growth deficiency, brachycephaly, de formities of the humerus, radius and ulna, short and broad hands, hypoplastic maxilla, and mental retardation.

This book provides a highly practical atlas on the use of echocardiography by the neonatologist in the management of the neonate. Whilst recognising the limitations of the non-specialist in echocardiography, the lavish use of illustrations and practical advice will provide an excellent companion to those being trained in and applying this technique in the special care baby unit.Demonstrates how echocardiography can be used in the intensive care situation using clinical examples Superb illustrations with full explanatory text and practical adviceCongenital heart defects, the commonest serious congenital defect seen in the neonatal unit, can be difficult to distinguish clinically from pulmonary abnormalities; echocardiography allows the differential diagnosis to be made

Caring for the well newborn is an essential element of everyday midwifery practice. Providing a comprehensive guide to the problems associated with newborn babies, Care of the Newborn by Ten Teachers is a key textbook for trainee midwives. The ten teachers involved in writing this book are drawn from all over the UK and bring together a wealth of experience in midwifery and neonatal nursing teaching and practice. The emphasis is on caring for the normal neonate, with deviations from the normal threaded throughout. Taking a holistic approach, each chapter links theory and practice, with explicit reference to professional standards and guidelines. As well as infant feeding, skin care and thernal care practice, this book covers signs and causes of common problems such as jaundice, infections, respiratory problems, and birth injury, providing care and treatment strategies for the neonate and family. This easy-to-follow full colour design, with superb diagrams and photographs and helpful features such as key points, case histories and chapters overviews, makes this essential reading for all student midwives, as well as those on post-qualifying courses in neonatal care. It is also a useful reference for practising midwives and neonatal nurses.

Pregnancy complicated by neurological disorders is a challenging area for both obstetricians and neurologists. Treatment of the maternal condition often needs to be adjusted because of concerns for the fetus, and some conditions have a major impact on the method, mode, and timing of delivery. Many of the clinical problems that arise in pregnant women with a neurological disease have not been the subject of clinical trials, so management must often be based on what published evidence is available and a good understanding of the likely interactions between the condition and pregnancy and vice versa. The editors and contributors represent a team with considerable experience in this area. They offer their "best practice" advice as how to treat the mother effectively, ensuring fetal safety, as well as embracing a philosophy that the pregnancy of a woman with a neurological disease should be made as enjoyable and rewarding for her as is possible.

Using a highly effective, case-based approach, Workbook in Practical Neonatology puts neonatal evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment in a clinical context and tests your knowledge with questions and answers for each topic. You'll find authoritative guidance on the problems you're most likely to see in practice, including issues regarding resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, anemia, fluid therapy, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The 6th Edition has been extensively revised, with new authors, rewritten content, improved figures and tables, and many new cases throughout. Organizes chapters around case studies, followed by questions and answers that require you to make diagnostic decisions and help you understand how scientific concepts apply to each clinical problem. Guides you step-by-step through patient care with abundant diagnostic algorithms, illustrations, and decision trees. Features eleven chapters rewritten by new authors, new tables and algorithms, new cases, and updated discussions of existing cases. Provides online access to echocardiograph and fluoroscopic video clips that show you what to expect and how to proceed. An excellent learning tool and everyday reference for practicing neonatologists, as well as students, trainees, nurses, and other clinicians. Expert ConsultT eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

There is a rapidly growing international literature on very early infant relationships. Many authors have addressed the psychological aspects of neonatal intensive care and indicated a need for greater understanding and research into the links between caregiving interventions and the baby's physical and emotional development. This book looks specifically at the experiences of the premature baby in hospital and how the way professionals and parents interact with it and between themselves affects its future development. The author draws from psychoanalysis, developmental psychology, and ethnology, but takes a systemic perspective throughout. Observational material graphically illustrates the theoretical points and makes the book particularly useful for the practitioner and student.

Outlines the basics of nutrition for healthcare professionals. Directed towards an international audience; written from the holistic perspective. There has been a definite shift in our perception and understanding of foods and diet. More attention is being given towards how we grow and cultivate food sources whilst being mindful about the environmental impact this may have - this book is timely, the medical community is now giving due importance to dietary content.

Preterm infants grow poorly after birth and very commonly develop ex utero growth restriction (EUGR). However, the risks and benefits of catch-up growth in preterm infants must be weighed, and evidence addressing this warrants examination. Perinatal Growth and Nutrition explores the reasons for EUGR and the long-term effects on developmental outcome and on metabolic risks. It provides clear information on the risks and benefits of faster post-natal growth and catch-up growth in preterm infants and offers tools for better assessment of growth and earlier identification of faltering growth. This book is divided into three sections. The first section covers advances in preterm infant growth standards, diagnosis and causes of EUGR, and assessments of preterm infant diets. The second section considers the extensive human literature on the effects of in utero and ex utero growth restriction and catch-up growth on long-term metabolic outcomes-such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiac disease-and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes including cognition. It also examines evidence for the effect of growth on these outcomes in term and preterm infants. The final section of the book considers ways to reduce the incidence of EUGR in preterm infants and when EUGR does occur, to optimize catch-up growth. Topics include assessment of dietary requirements of the diverse population of preterm infants, examination of tools for prescribing nutrition to neonatal intensive care unit patients, consideration of whether to customize or generalize nutrient intake, and fortification of human milk. In addition, the last chapter proposes using a Z-score growth chart for improved interpretation of growth data.

This book provides the basics of cardiac anatomy and physiology and how they relate to the electrocardiogram (ECG). It also provides nursing colleagues with a detailed yet readable introduction to ECG interpretation, supplemented by clinical information about how to act upon their findings.

This book is a practical guide for the management of at-risk early pregnancy. It is relevant to trainees in maternal-fetal medicine and obstetrics, as well as nurses and sonographers who see many at-risk patients in the early stages of pregnancy.

Birth is a sudden, traumatic transition of environments. Once the placental oxygen supply ceases, the foetus has only minutes to establish pulmonary oxygen transport, which requires not only inflation of the lungs, but also sudden and sustained changes in the lung circulation. Not long ago, research in this field was largely restricted to morphology and physiology. Now the powerful new tools of cellular and molecular biology have begun to
shed light on the physiological processes in the developing lung and its supporting vasculature.

In 22 chapters, three main sections explore lung growth and development, vascular cell growth and differentiation, and the mechanisms of hemodynamic control in the neonate; extensive illustrations give a comprehensive picture of pulmonary circulatory development. Factors controlling vasculogenesis and angiogenesis are described by the scientists who pioneered the field. Similarly, the intracellular signaling cascades that determine proliferation or growth inhibition of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells are also presented in an understandable manner. Finally, the role of
substances, such as nitric oxide and endothelin, that control the hemodynamics of the fetal and neonatal circulations are discussed in detail, particularly in relation to the changes occurring at birth.

This book will inform basic scientists as well as the clinician and student, and should be of particular interest to pediatric cardiologists, pulmonary medicine physicians, and vascular biologists.

Introducing the Social Sciences for Midwifery Practice makes clear the links between social, anthropological and psychological concepts, midwifery practice and women's experience of birth. Demonstrating how empathising with women and understanding the context in which they live can affect childbirth outcomes and experiences, this evidence-based text emphasises the importance of compassionate and humane care in midwifery practice. Exploring midwifery as an art, as well as a science, the authors collected here make the case for midwives as professionals working 'with women' rather than as birth technicians, taking a purely competency-based approach to practice. The book incorporates a range of pedagogical features to enhance student learning, including overall chapter aims and learning outcomes, 'recommendations for practice', 'learning triggers' to encourage the reader to delve deeper and reflect on practice, 'application to practice' case studies which ensure that the theory is related to contemporary practice, and a glossary of terms. The chapters cover perspectives on birth from sociology; psychology; anthropology; law; social policy and politics. Other chapters address important issues such as disability, politics and sexuality. Outlining relevant theory from the social sciences and clearly applying it to practice, this text is an essential read for all student midwives, registered midwives and doulas.

Introducing the Social Sciences for Midwifery Practice makes clear the links between social, anthropological and psychological concepts, midwifery practice and women's experience of birth. Demonstrating how empathising with women and understanding the context in which they live can affect childbirth outcomes and experiences, this evidence-based text emphasises the importance of compassionate and humane care in midwifery practice. Exploring midwifery as an art, as well as a science, the authors collected here make the case for midwives as professionals working 'with women' rather than as birth technicians, taking a purely competency-based approach to practice. The book incorporates a range of pedagogical features to enhance student learning, including overall chapter aims and learning outcomes, 'recommendations for practice', 'learning triggers' to encourage the reader to delve deeper and reflect on practice, 'application to practice' case studies which ensure that the theory is related to contemporary practice, and a glossary of terms. The chapters cover perspectives on birth from sociology; psychology; anthropology; law; social policy and politics. Other chapters address important issues such as disability, politics and sexuality. Outlining relevant theory from the social sciences and clearly applying it to practice, this text is an essential read for all student midwives, registered midwives and doulas.