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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Non-Western philosophy
Islamicate Occult Sciences in Theory and Practice brings together
the latest research on Islamic occult sciences from a variety of
disciplinary perspectives, namely intellectual history, manuscript
studies and material culture. Its aim is not only to showcase the
range of pioneering work that is currently being done in these
areas, but also to provide a model for closer interaction amongst
the disciplines constituting this burgeoning field of study.
Furthermore, the book provides the rare opportunity to bridge the
gap on an institutional level by bringing the academic and
curatorial spheres into dialogue. Contributors include: Charles
Burnett, Jean-Charles Coulon, Maryam Ekhtiar, Noah Gardiner,
Christiane Gruber, Bink Hallum, Francesca Leoni, Matthew
Melvin-Koushki, Michael Noble, Rachel Parikh, Liana Saif, Maria
Subtelny, Farouk Yahya, and Travis Zadeh.
Understanding Chinese philosophy requires knowledge of the
referential framework prevailing in Chinese intellectual
traditions. But Chinese philosophical texts are frequently
approached through the lens of Western paradigms. Analysing the
most common misconceptions surrounding Western Sinology, Jana
Rosker alerts us to unseen dangers and introduces us to a new more
effective way of reading Chinese philosophy. Acknowledging that
different cultures produce different reference points, Rosker
explains what happens when we use rational analysis, a major
feature of the European intellectual tradition, to read Chinese
philosophy. We rely on impossible comparisons, arrive at prejudiced
assumptions and fail to arrive at the truth, the consequence of
applying a different methodology to the process of perceiving,
understanding and interpreting reality. Instead of transferring
concepts and categories from Western sinology onto socio-cultural
Chinese contexts, Rosker constructs a new methodology of reading,
understanding and interpreting Chinese philosophy. She opens our
eyes to the basic problems of Western paradigms, encourages
intercultural approaches and allows us to master a more
autochthonous understanding of Chinese philosophy.
A major figure in the Anglo-American analytic tradition, Ernest
Sosa is a pioneer of contemporary virtue epistemology. Engaging
with his important work for the first time, a team of renowned
scholars of Chinese philosophy bring Western analytic epistemology
into dialogue with themes and issues in the history of the Chinese
tradition in order to reveal multiple points of connection. Drawing
on thinkers and texts from Confucianism, Daoism, and Chinese
Buddhism, chapters explore issues central to virtue epistemology,
such as the reliabilist and responsibilist divide, the distinction
between virtues constitutive of knowledge and virtues auxiliary to
knowledge, epistemic competence, and the role of testimony.
Including Sosaâs constructive and systematic responses to each
scholarâs interpretation of his work, this volume demonstrates
the value of cross-cultural dialogue, advancing the field of virtue
epistemology, and paving the way for further engagement between
philosophical traditions.
The Holy Science is a book of theology written by Swami Sri Yukteswar
Giri in 1894. The text provides a close comparison of parts of the
Christian Bible to the Hindu Upanishads, meant "to show as clearly as
possible that there is an essential unity in all religions...and that
there is but one Goal admitted by all scriptures."
Swami Sri Yukteswar Giri was born Priya Nath Karar in 1855 to a wealthy
family. As a young man, he was a brilliant student of math and science,
astrology and astronomy. He joined a Christian missionary school where
he studied the Bible and later spent two years in medical school.
After completing his formal education, Priya Nath married and had a
daughter. But he continued his intellectual and spiritual pursuits,
depending on the income from his property to support himself and his
family.
After the death of his wife, he entered the monastic Swami order and
became Sri Yuktesvar Giri, before becoming a disciple of famed guru
Lahiri Mahasaya, known for his revitalization of Kriya Yoga. Then in
1894, Sri Yuktesvar Giri met Mahavatar Babaji, an ageless wise man who
is said to have lived for untold hundreds of years. At this meeting,
Mahavatar Babaji gave Sri Yuktesvar the title of Swami, and asked him
to write this book comparing Hindu scriptures and the Christian Bible.
Swami Sri Yuktesvar obeyed.
He also founded two ashrams, including one in his ancestral home. He
lived simply as a swami and yogi, devoted to disciplining his body and
mind, and thus to liberating his soul. Among his disciples was
Paramahansa Yogananda, credited with bringing yoga and meditation to
millions of Westerners.
The Holy Science consists of four chapters. The first is titled "The
Gospel," and is intended to "establish the fundamental truth of
creation." Next is "The Goal," which discusses the three things all
creatures are seeking: "Existence, Consciousness, and Bliss."
Chapter three, "The Procedure," is the most practical of the sections.
It describes the natural way to live for purity and health of body and
mind. The final chapter is called "The Revelation," and discusses the
end of the path for those who are near the "three ideals of life."
Swami Sri Yukteswar also displays his impressive knowledge and
understanding of astrology by proposing his theory of the Yuga Cycle.
Each yuga is an age of the world that tracks the movement of the sun,
Earth, and planets. Each age represents a different state of humanity.
There are four yugas:
- Satya Yuga is the highest and most enlightened age of truth and
perfection.
- Treta Yuga is the age of thought and is more spiritually advanced
than Dwapara Yuga and Kali Yuga.
- Dwapara Yuga is an energetic age, although not a wise one. During
this yuga, people are often self-serving and greedy. The age is marked
by war and disease.
- Kali Yuga is the age of darkness, ignorance, and materialism. This is
the least evolved age.
Today, The Holy Science is highly respected among those seeking to
understand the relationships between world religions and cultures.
While some still believe that we are in Kali Yuga, many others believe
that Swami Sri Yukteswar was accurate, and that his calculations
correct previous errors that artificially inflated the length of the
Yuga Cycle.
Informed by Gloria Anzaldua's and Jose Carlos Mariategui's work, as
well as by Andean cosmology, Omar Rivera turns to Inka stonework
and architecture as an example of a "Cosmological Aesthetics." He
articulates ways of sensing, feeling and remembering that are
attuned to an aesthetic of water, earth and light. On this basis,
Rivera brings forth a corporeal orientation that can be inhabited
by the oppressed, one that withdraws from predominant
modern/Western conceptions of the human. By providing an aesthetic
analysis of cosmological sensing, Rivera sets the stage for
exploring physical dimensions of anti-colonial resistance, and
furthers the Latinx and Latin American tradition of anti-colonial
and liberatory philosophy. Seeing aesthetic involvements with the
cosmos as a source for embodied modes of resistance, Rivera turns
to the work of Maria Lugones and Enrique Dussel in order to make
explicit the aesthetic dimensions of their work. Andean Aesthetics
and Anticolonial Resistance creates a new dialogue between art
historians, artists, and philosophers working on Latin American
thought, phenomenology, and hermeneutics. It weaves together a
Latin American philosophy that connects pre-Columbian cosmologies
with contemporary thinkers. Rivera's original approach introduces
us to the living, evolving and aesthetic alternatives to
coloniality of power and of knowledge, overhauling current
understandings of decolonial theory and opening the tradition in
transformative ways.
Buddhist Philosophy of Consciousness brings Buddhist voices to the
study of consciousness. This book explores a variety of different
Buddhist approaches to consciousness that developed out of the
Buddhist theory of non-self. Topics taken up in these
investigations include: how we are able to cognize our own
cognitions; whether all conscious states involve conceptualization;
whether distinct forms of cognition can operate simultaneously in a
single mental stream; whether non-existent entities can serve as
intentional objects; and does consciousness have an intrinsic
nature, or can it only be characterized functionally? These
questions have all featured in recent debates in consciousness
studies. The answers that Buddhist philosophers developed to such
questions are worth examining just because they may represent novel
approaches to questions about consciousness.
The Zhou Changes, better known in the West as I Ching, is one of
the masterpieces of world literature. This book, the climax of more
than forty years of research in Chinese archaeology, explores the
text's origins in the oracle-bone and milfoil divinations of Bronze
Age China and how it transformed over the course of the Zhou
dynasty into the first of the Chinese classics. The book provides
an in-depth survey of the theory and practice of divination to
demonstrate how the hexagram and line statements of the text were
produced and how they were understood at the time.
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