The cerebello-pontine angle has always posed a challenge to the neurosurgeon, the otoneurosurgeon, and the neuroradiologist. Angle masses which are very small and difficult to detect frequently produce symptoms, but may remain silent while growing to exceptional size. The neuroradiologist must have firm knowl edge of the clinical manifestations of the diverse angle lesions in order to tailor his studies to the patients' needs. The majority of angle lesions are benign; thus successful surgery has the potential for complete cure. Angle lesions typically arise in conjunction with vital neurovascular structures, and often displace these away from their expected positions. Large lesions may attenuate the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves and thin them over their dome. Since the nerves often remain functional, the surgeon then faces the need to separate the tumor from the contiguous nerve, with preservation of neurological function. Depending on the exact location and extension of the lesion, resection may best be attempted via otologic or neurosurgical approaches. The neuroradiologist must determine - precisely -the presence, site, size, and extension( s) of the lesion and the displacement of vital neurovascular structures as a guide to selecting the line of surgical attack. Since the arteries, veins, and nerves that traverse the angle are fine structures, the neuroradiologist must perform studies of the highest quality to do his job effectively."

The esophagus, ostensibly a simple tubular structure whose functional role often is minimized and even ignored, is, in re- ality, a highly complex viscus. The problems associated with disorders of the esophagus are not only related to the usual en- tities which may be anticipated in any portion of the gastroin- testinal tract, but include in a major fashion the functional mechanisms indigenous to the pharyngoesophageal and eso- phagogastric junctions. A number of disorders, representative of the classical cate- gories of disease, affect the esophagus. These include the various congenital and developmental abnormalities, of which some are complex. Trauma to the esophagus is not un- common, and infective and inflammatory lesions of this struc- ture are encountered relatively frequently. The different types of neoplasms of the esophagus are relatively few in number, but are commonly observed-the most serious, from the point of view of survival, being carcinoma. The collagen disorders, particularly scleroderma and dermatomyositis, affect the eso- phagus all too often. A miscellaneous group includes such en- tities as achalasia and varices, occurring in varying degrees of frequency. Functional abnormalities of the oropharynx, hypo- pharynx and esophagus, particularly relating to swallowing and the frequently encountered instances of spasm of the pharyngoesophageal and the esophagogastric junctions, consti- tute an important and common source of difficulty in the pa- tient population at large. In this regard, anatomic, radiologic, and physiologic studies of these structures have provided through the years vital data which has proved of considerable VII ...

Vestibular physiology has acquired new interest in the past few years. The development of fast aircraft, beginning during the Second World War and continuing through modern supersonic jets and space travel, has increased dramatically the acceleration range to which man is subjected, from prolonged weightlessness to several gs. The labyrinth measures all kinds of acceleration, including gravity. and therefore has taken on particular impor tance in the study of human health in the Space Age. It is understandable. then, that NASA sponsored the Symposium on Vestibular Function and Morphology. a satellite of the Eighth Annual Meeting of the Society of Neuroscience. held October 30-November 1. 1978, at the University of Pittsburgh, which also supported the symposium. The present volume was developed from papers originally presented there. My strategy in editing this book has been to focus upon the vestibular end organ and its direct connections. both peripheral and central, in order to as sure a coherent discussion of the basics of vestibular function, structure, and ultrastructure. Fortunately, it was possible to secure the contributions of a number of outstanding investigators from both the United States and abroad, including functionally oriented morphologists. ultrastructuralists, biophysicists, and vestibular physiologists. The result is a comprehensive discussion of the main mechanisms of the labyrinth: the transduction pro cess at the receptor level, in the semicircular canals, and in the utricular and saccular maculae; the information transfer through neuronal pathways to the nuclei and the cerebellum; and the general organization of the system."

Although pitch has been considered an important area of auditory research since the birth of modern acoustics in the 19th century, some of the most significant developments in our understanding of this phenomenon have occurred comparatively recently. In auditory physiology, researchers are now identifying cells in the brainstem and cortex that may be involved in the derivation of pitch. In auditory psychophysics, dramatic developments over the last few years have changed our understanding of temporal pitch mechanisms, and of the roles of resolved and unresolved harmonics. Computational modeling has provided new insights into the biological algorithms that may underlie pitch perception. Modern brain imaging techniques have suggested possible cortical locations for pitch mechanisms.

This timely volume brings together the more recent findings, while emphasizing their relation to the discoveries of the past. It brings together insights from several different methodological areas: physiology, psychophysics, comparative, imaging, etc., in addressing a single scientific problem. Pitch perception can be regarded as one of the main problems of hearing, and the multidisciplinary approach of the book provides a valuable reference source for graduate students and academics.

Many pathologists have little acquaintance with ear, nose concomitant biopsy have become commonplace in the and throat pathology. Some receive few specimens from management of throat disorders. It is hoped that. by ENT tissues; others are deterred from deeper study of the publication of this Atlas, pathologists receiving only material that emanates from regions the normal anatomy occasional specimens will be guided in their provision of of which is so forbidding in its complexity and holds no a report helpful to the clinician and those who are involved familiarity through autopsy investigation, for, apart from with a larger ENT service may be providec with a guide the larynx, there is usually no compelling indication for to the deeper understanding of the subject. examination of the ear, nose or throat at postmortem. Yet. The modern tendency in publication of ristopatholog equally with biopsy specimens from other parts of the ical microphotographs is to omit any statement of their body, the pathologist's report is consequential for the magnification, since it will usually be clear to the reader efficient handling of ear, nose and throat illnesses and what order of enlargement is involved. I n this Atlas, sometimes even for the patient's survival."

The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of compreh- sive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory - search. The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in ?elds of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.

The cochlea does not just pick up sound, it also produces sounds of low intensity called Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs). Sounds produced by healthy ears - either spontaneously or in response to stimuli - allow researchers and clinicians to study hearing and cochlear function noninvasively in both animals and humans. This book presents the first serious review of the biological basis of these otoacoustic emissions.

A book such as this one necessarily entails the effort of many individuals. Its first seed was a workshop in 1988 that one of us (K. L. C. ) designed and directed at the City University of New York Graduate Center as part of a series of conferences and workshops on topics in neuropsychology spon sored by the Institute for Research in Behavioral Neuroscience (IRBN). At that time, studies in the efficacy of olfaction as an alternative modality of stimulation in brain-injured adults were taking place at IRBN. The work shop helped to spark many new ideas among IRBN's staff, leading to various projects in clinical intervention, some of which are discussed in this volume. We soon discovered that clinical interest in olfaction was steadily increasing, and that this modality was in many ways on a par with the rest. Along with progress in the clinical investigation of olfaction, an abundance of work has been published in the basic science of the field. Ideas such as the regeneration of olfactory neurons and the use of these neurons in trans plantation took hold and were proved to be viable ones. These develop ments along with a profusion of techniques that allow a closer look at the anatomy and physiology of olfaction, have contributed to the accelerated pace with which this field is now advancing. Dr."

Sensory Neuroscience: Four Laws of Psychophysics organizes part of psychophysics -- a science of quantitative relationships between human sensations and the stimuli that evoke them. Although psychophysics belongs to sensory neuroscience, and is coupled to neurophysiology, it has also branched out to various specialized disciplines, including the disciplines of vision and hearing, ophthalmology, optometry, otology, and audiology. Due to this diversification and fragmentation, psychophysics has had an ad-hoc, phenomenological orientation. Besides Weber's law of differential sensitivity, and the still-controversial Stevens' power law, it has lacked a systematic grid of scientific laws. Sensory Neuroscience: Four Laws of Psychophysics provides valid unifying principles and systematic applications for this otherwise fragmented precursor of experimental psychology, and defines four multisensory relationships of substantial generality between sensations and the underlying stimulus variables. This book will be particularly useful to auditory researchers, experimental psychologists, and behavioral neuroscientists.

To date, more than three thousand brain and skull base tumors, along with various vascular problems, have been treated by using advanced, fully endoscopic, minimally invasive surgical techniques. In this book, Dr. Hrayr K. Shahinian, director of the Skull Base Institute, compiles these techniques. The book is highly specific and amply illustrated. The step-by-step operating room procedures provide a definitive guide to the difficult yet essential art of skull base surgery.

Although speech is the primary behavioral medium by which humans communicate, its auditory basis is poorly understood, having profound implications on efforts to ameliorate the behavioral consequences of hearing impairment and on the development of robust algorithms for computer speech recognition. In this volume, the authors provide an up-to-date synthesis of recent research in the area of speech processing in the auditory system, bringing together a diverse range of scientists to present the subject from an interdisciplinary perspective. Of particular concern is the ability to understand speech in uncertain, potentially adverse acoustic environments, currently the bane of both hearing aid and speech recognition technology. There is increasing evidence that the perceptual stability characteristic of speech understanding is due, at least in part, to elegant transformations of the acoustic signal performed by auditory mechanisms. As a comprehensive review of speech's auditory basis, this book will interest physiologists, anatomists, psychologists, phoneticians, computer scientists, biomedical and electrical engineers, and clinicians.

Recognizing the clinician's need for quick access to a comprehensive and immediately useful presentation of evidence-based material, the authors and editors have condensed the research on the most common otorhinolaryngological complaints into this indispensable volume. Their unique approach color-codes the level of research backing each set of evidence in order to make assessment of the evidence as quick and useful as possible. Each clinical problem is presented with a "color key," letting the physician know the level of evidence available: green (high-level evidence), yellow (low-moderate levels of evidence), or red (major disagreement or only minimal low-level evidence). The content of each chapter is structured in the same manner so the reader quickly becomes accustomed to finding precisely the information needed for each new case.

Featuring sections on general otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, pediatrics, and otology, Evidence-Based Otolaryngology not only presents the research, but gives the clinician immediately applicable recommendations for patient treatment.

Hearing From Sensory Processing to Perception presents the papers of the latest International Symposium on Hearing, a meeting held every three years focusing on psychoacoustics and the research of the physiological mechanisms underlying auditory perception. The proceedings provide an up-to-date report on the status of the field of research into hearing and auditory functions.

The 59 chapters treat topics such as: the physiological representation of temporal and spectral stimulus properties as a basis for the perception of modulation patterns, pitch and signal intensity; spatial hearing and the physiological mechanisms of binaural processing in mammals; integration of the different stimulus features into auditory scene analysis; physiological mechanisms related to the formation of auditory objects; speech perception; and limitations of auditory perception resulting from hearing disorders."

The past decade has brought great advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying auditory pathologies. This volume presents recent developments in research and their potential translation to the clinical setting. It brings together the basic and clinical sciences very nicely in that while most chapters are written by basic scientists, each topic has a pretty direct clinical application or implication.

Cochlear implants have instigated a popular but controversial revolution in the treatment of deafness. This book discusses the physiological bases of using artificial devices to electrically stimulate the brain to interpret sounds. As the first successful device to restore neural function, the cochlear implant serves as a model for research in neuroscience and biomedical engineering. These and other auditory prostheses are discussed in the context of historical treatments, engineering, psychophysics and clinical issues as well as implications for speech, behavior, cognition and long-term effects on people.

Addressing disease of the frontal sinus successfully remains, perhaps, one of the most technically challenging issues encountered by otolaryngologists. The intricate anatomy, combined with a narrow aperture and relatively acute angle of approach, leads to complexity not encountered elsewhere in surgery of the sinuses. This comprehensive volume with contributions by over 30 of the world's leading rhinologists will help to shed light on this difficult topic. Thorough discussions of anatomy and pathophysiology of a variety of frontal sinus diseases provide a background for in-depth chapters on aspects of both medical and surgical management. A variety of surgical approaches are discussed, including the latest endoscopic techniques, as well as more traditional open and microscopic approaches. Heavily illustrated, this volume will be a "must have" for the rhinologist managing disease in the frontal sinus.

Simplified Facial Rejuvenation is divided into sections that include anatomy and anesthesia, classifications, dermatologic procedures, suture lifts, surgical variations of the face, surgical variations of the eyes, brow, neck, lips, nose ear, and scalp, and medical legal aspects. The book presents multiple variations of suture lift procedures to allow the physician to decide which is best. Unique surgical procedures of the face are presented, many of which are techniques of minimal incision facelift. The book brings together the more popular procedures for patients that include simpler methods of facial rejuvenation with less pain, shorter recovery time, lower cost, and fewer complications.

This book reviews published research concerning outcomes for deaf children with cochlear implants. The publications selected for review meet certain criteria - they were all published in English, they were published since 1994, and the number of children included in each study was at least 12. A thorough literature search was carried out yielding about 200 articles meeting these criteria. Paediatric Cochlear Implants considers a range of outcomes including use of audition by children, the development of language and quality of life. Advances in cochlear implantation that affect outcomes are also discussed.

The book offers critical summaries of relevant papers and an account of the conclusions of the research to date, highlights topics that have received less attention and suggests a framework for considering outcomes. It evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of current research with suggestion for possible future developments.

This book will be of interest to all professionals and researchers concerned with deaf children, to parents of deaf children and to purchasers of healthcare services.

Although the disease is not very often, every otorhinolaryngologist will experience some patients suffering from vocal fold paralysis.

This is the first and unique book solely devoted to this topic.

Offers step-by-step descriptions and evaluations of the materials and/or methods of well-established techniques and new therapeutic options and approaches.

Written by leading experts: Blitzer is speaker of the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS); Sulica, also a speaker of the AAO-HNS, works in his department.

Vocal Fold Paralysis is a clinically useful reference for evaluation and treatment, as well as a summary of current knowledge and investigational approaches.

This book, written by leading experts from many countries, provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of how to use 2D and 3D processing tools in clinical radiology. The opening section covers a wide range of technical aspects. In the main section, the principal clinical applications are described and discussed in depth. A third section focuses on a variety of special topics. This book will be invaluable to radiologists of any subspecialty.

Auditory neuropathy is gaining more attention as new findings come to light and as hearing screening of newborns has been introduced in many countries in the past decade. A compilation of research topics from around the world, this book provides the latest knowledge on the neuropathy of the auditory and vestibular eighth cranial nerves, with valuable information on pathophysiology and genetics, new subtypes, and recent research on cochlear implants in patients with auditory neuropathy, including children. Among the several major sections of the book, one presents neurological cases and another focuses on historical issues. Covering a wide range of related topics, the book provides a wealth of insights on this disease entity and on auditory and vestibular neuropathy in particular. It is a useful and informative reference for all those interested in and concerned with auditory nerve disease, especially for medical students, researchers, and clinicians.

Panoramic radiology systems are currently being used in more practices than at other any time in the past. The practitioner now has decisions to make regarding detector technology selection for image acquisition and must remain informed about appropriate usage. This book is applicable to all panoramic dental images and equipment. It approaches panoramic radiology usage in the context of general and specialty applications.

This book contains the papers that were presented at the XIIIth International Symposium on Hearing (ISH), which was held in Dourdan, France, between August 24 and 29, 2003. From its first edition in 1969, the Symposium has had a distinguished tradition of bringing together auditory psychologists and physiologists. Hearing science now also includes computational modeling and brain imaging, and this is reflected in the papers collected. The rich interactions between participants during the meeting were yet another indication of the appositeness of the original idea to confront approaches around shared scientific issues. A total of 62 solicited papers are included, organized into 12 broad thematic areas ranging from cochlear signal processing to plasticity and perceptual learning. The themes follow the sessions and the chronological order of the paper presentations during the symposium. A notable feature of the ISH books is the transcription of the discussions between participants. A draft version of the book is circulated before the meeting, and all participants are invited to make written comments, before or during the presentations. This particularity is perhaps what makes the ISH book series so valuable as a truthful picture of the evolution of issues in hearing science. We tried to uphold this tradition, which was all the easier because of the excellent scientific content of the discussions.

Osteomyelitis of the Jaws is the first textbook of its kind covering exclusively all aspects of this challenging disease. A clear classification of osteomyelitis of the jaws is provided. Clinical presentation and diagnosis are meticulously described and illustrated. Radiological imaging from conventional radiographs to CT, MRI and PET diagnosis are outlined for all types of osteomyelitis of the jaws. Pathology and Pathophysiology of this disease are described in a clear way. All therapeutic modalities from surgery to antibiotic and hyperbaric oxygen therapy are comprehensively outlined and discussed. Each type of Osteomyelitis of the jaws are additionally described and illustrated in case reports giving this book a very practical approach to the subject."

Originally published in 2007 and now available for the first time in paperback format, Head and Neck Manifestations of Systemic Disease presents critical information on a multitude of maladies that have manifestations in the head and neck. The book relates commonly encountered head and neck symptoms and signs to an array of diseases and disorders that should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Offering a hands-on approach, this volume addresses specific disease classifications and commonly encountered signs and symptoms in the head and neck region. It offers a clinical approach to disease diagnosis by analyzing the possible causes of a patient's symptoms. The contributors present evidence-based therapeutic options for a variety of conditions, from infections and rheumatologic conditions to hematologic and neoplastic disease. Organized by disease type for easy reference, the book offers a variety of lucid color photographs, providing a unique reference for clinicians who manage diseases with symptoms in this region.