The new edition of this book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of whiplash-associated disorders, focusing in particular on a functional approach to clinical and instrumental diagnosis and rehabilitative treatment. It fully reflects the changes in our understanding of whiplash injuries since the first edition, and in particular the increased awareness that whiplash is a whole-body trauma in which forces act progressively from the lumbar region to the brain, through the cervical spine. Detailed attention is paid to the functional connections between the sense organs of the inner ear, the sympathetic system, and the spine with a view to optimizing diagnosis and treatment. It is explained how various treatment options can be employed to best effect in patients with different symptoms, following, but updating, the well-known Quebec Task Force guidelines. Underestimated aspects such as positional vertigo, somatic tinnitus, temporomandibular disorders, and back pain are also considered. This book will be an invaluable tool in everyday clinical practice for all who are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of whiplash injury.

With an increasing number of referrals to treat balance impairment, gait disorders, and dizziness, A Clinician's Guide to Balance and Dizziness: Evaluation and Treatment by Dr. Charles M. Plishka looks to address these issues and provides tests, measures, and interventions that are matched to research studies when available, for evidence-based practice. It begins with a review of the anatomy and physiology of the systems used to balance. With a basic understanding of how we balance, the signs and symptoms of patients will be understood with much greater ease. A Clinician's Guide to Balance and Dizziness enables the reader to perform a complete and thorough evaluation and helps to provide treatment options for identified deficits that place the patient at risk for falls. Along with numerous diagrams and photos, this text comes with access to a web site containing video clips that demonstrate key evaluation and treatment techniques. The result will be a better evaluation, treatment plan, and outcome. Topics and Features Include: How do we balance? Tests to evaluate the balance-impaired patient Tests and interventions for conditions such as Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), Vestibular Loss, and the central and peripheral causes of dizziness Therapy treatments "How to" instructions throughout Companion web site with video clips demonstrating evaluation and treatments A Clinician's Guide to Balance and Dizziness: Evaluation and Treatment is an easy-to-use reference perfect for professionals who assess and treat balance impairments and dizziness. While it is an instructional text for physical therapy students and clinicians, it is also a great reference for established physicians, vestibular and balance therapy specialists, occupational therapists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, audiologists, and athletic trainers.

Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck is the first comprehensive guide for otolaryngologists who wish to perform robotic head and neck surgery. Edited by leaders in the field, this book focuses on how improved access, visualization, and flexibility of the technology have greatly expanded the capabilities of the head and neck surgeon to treat diseases transorally or through small incisions in the skin. Starting with an overview of minimally invasive surgery in the head and neck, and moving to discussions of anatomic considerations for these procedures and the future applications of robotic surgery for otolaryngologists, Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck explores the exciting progress of robotic technologies, bringing physicians closer to achieving the benefits of traditional surgery with the least amount of disruption to the patient.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most prevalent sleep disordered breathing disorder. It has become apparent that in more than half the patients with OSA, the frequency and duration of apneas are influenced by body position. To treat patients with Position Dependent OSA (POSA), positional therapy can be considered for preventing patients from sleeping in the worst sleeping position. Treatment of POSA has advanced dramatically recently with the introduction of a new generation of positional therapy. Positional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea presents improved OSA diagnostic methods and the tools needed to implement positional therapy in clinical practice. This includes patient work-up, positional therapy with or without other treatments, consequences of guidelines and future developments. Clinicians, students and researchers will find this comprehensive guide to be an invaluable resource for evaluating and treating sleep breathing disorders.

Thirty years of research into the development of hearing have produced a decent description of age-related changes in hearing as well as some understanding of the mechanisms underlying those changes. The number of potential applications of this knowledge has increased tremendously in recent years. Universal hearing screening programs make it likely that a child with a hearing loss will be identified at birth. Infants may receive hearing aids before they are six months old, and one-year-olds are receiving cochlear implants. The optimal design of device fitting strategies and habilitation techniques must be based on knowledge of auditory development and the effects of abnormal experience with sound. Moreover, there is a growing recognition of the contributions of auditory processing deficits to speech and language disorders. Again, the nature of the relationship between perception and language development must provide the basis for attempts to remediate such problems. Although recent volumes have addressed auditory development, they have focused on development in nonhuman species. Although this work is certainly informative to workers in the field of human development, it is often difficult to generalize findings from nonhumans to humans. The goal of the proposed book is to provide a basic reference for graduate students, clinicians, and researchers on fundamental principles of human auditory development, with an emphasis on the effects of auditory experience on development.

This volume will provide an important contemporary reference on hearing development and will lead to new ways of thinking about hearing in children and about remediation for children with hearing loss. Much of the material in this volume will document that a different model of hearing is needed to understand hearing during development. The book is expected to spur research in auditory development and in its application to pediatric audiology.

Under the Auspices of the Alfredo and Amalia Lacroze de Fortabat Foundation

The management of vascular and tumorous lesions of the parasellar region still remains one of the most demanding tasks in neurosurgery. It is only a short time ago that the major concepts of the anatomy of the so-called cavernous sinus were described in detail. Surgical interventions in this region are very complex, they are time-consuming and require an extensive back ground of experience in surgery of the cranial base. Pioneer anatomical studies of the parasellar region done by Taptas, and the daring direct operative approach introduced by Parkinson pro moted the development of modern neuroradiological intervention proce dures, which were initiated by Serbinenko and further refined by Debrun, Vifiuela and others. The technique of the detachable balloon catheter stimulated surgeons to proceed with the direct operative approach to lesions of the parasellar region. Today, it is hard to imagine a successful man agement of vascular pathologies of this region without a complementary use of the two techniques."

Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.

Synaptic Mechanisms in the Auditory System willprovide a basic reference for students, clinicians, and researchers on how synapses in the auditory system function to encode acoustic signals. These mechanisms are the groundwork for all auditory processing, and understanding them requires knowledge of the microphysiology of synapses, cellular biophysics, receptor pharmacology, and an appreciation for what these synapses must do for a living, what unique jobs they carry out."

The Clinician's Guide to Swallowing Fluoroscopy is a comprehensive resource for all dysphagia clinicians. This beautifully-illustrated text is intended for SLP, ENT, radiology, GI, and rehabilitation specialists interested in swallowing and addresses the need for an up-to-date, all-inclusive reference. Topics covered include radiation safety and protection, fluoroscopic oral, pharygeal, and esophageal phase protocols and abnormalities, and objective measures of timing and displacement.

This volume is one in a series of monographs being issued under the general title of "Disorders of Human Communication." Each monograph deals in detail with a particular aspect of vocal communication and its disorders, and is written by internationally distinguished experts. Therefore, the series will provide an authoritative source of up-to-date scientific and clinical informa tion relating to the whole field of normal and abnormal speech communication, and as such will succeed the earlier monumental work "Handbuch der Stimm und Sprachheilkunde" by R. Luchsinger and G. E. Arnold (last issued in 1970). This series will prove invaluable for clinicians, teachers and research workers in phoniatrics and logopaedics, phonetics and linguistics, speech pathology, otolaryngology, neurology and neurosurgery, psychology and psychiatry, paediatrics and audiology. Several of the monographs will also be useful to voice and singing teachers, and to their pupils. G. E. Arnold, Jackson, Miss. F. Winckel, Berlin B. D. Wyke, London Preface This book tries to illustrate the practice as well as the principles involved in applying linguistics to the analysis of language disability. In writing it, I have as sumed an audience of professional speech and hearing clinicians who have had little or no formal training in linguistics. Each Chapter therefore begins with a resu me of the main theoretical and descriptive principles needed in order to carry out a clinical linguistic analysis. The relevance oflanguage acquisition studies is a major theme within this resume."

In this text atlas of neuroimaging the author provides a review of the pathologies and diseases that affect the head, brain, skull base, face, spine, and cord. The case presentation format of this handbook covers the important clinical and neuropathological aspects of the disease process. The book contains 350 selected pathologies, represented in 750 high resolution MR images. It also covers the aspects of neurological disorders and the fundamental aspects of the physics of magnetic resonance, spectroscopy, as well as a review of MR techniques. Given its scope, this book is of interest to radiologists involved in MR interpretation, neuroradiologists seeking an up-to-date review, and all workers in the field of diagnostic and therapeutic neurology.

I have attempted to prepare this volume in such a way as to provide a source of information on the normal physiology of speech and song as well as on the disorders of those functions. To the extent that I have succeeded it should be of interest to physiologists, physicians, and teachers and students of the VOlce. The book is by no means a text on laryngology, nor is it a treatise on the physiology of breathing mechanics, nor yet is it a manual telling how to teach or learn voice production. If none of these, what is it? It is a discussion of the application of breathing mechanics to phonation of interest to the respir- atory physiologist, of certain aspects of physiology and medicine of interest to the teacher or student of voice, and of the problems of voice production and its maladies of interest to the laryngologist. I have undergone a number of experiences during the past 50 years which I believe have qualified me to undertake this task with some special hope of success. In my youth I studied voice for twelve years with four outstanding teachers and performed publicly as a lieder singer, in oratorio, chorus, and opera. Later I trained for and entered the medical profession in the specialty of otolaryngology. Later still I engaged in research on the physiology of breath ing mechanics and phonation, especially singing."

This volume is one in a series of monographs being issued under the general title of "Disorders of Human Communication." Each monograph deals in detail with a particular aspect of vocal communication and its disorders, and is written by internationally distinguished experts. Therefore, the series will provide an authoritative source of up-to-date scientific and clinical informa tion relating to the whole field of normal and abnormal speech communication, and as such will succeed the earlier monumental work "Handbuch der Stimm und Sprachheilkunde" by R. Luchsinger and G. E. Arnold (last issued in 1970). This series will prove invaluable for clinicians, teachers and research workers in phoniatrics and logopaedics, phonetics and linguistics, speech pathology, otolaryngology, neurology and neurosurgery, psychology and psychiatry, paediatrics and audiology. Several of the monographs will also be useful to voice and singing teachers, and to their pupils. G. E. Arnold, Jackson, Miss. F. Wincke1, Berlin B. D. Wyke, London Since it was their chatter which prompted the question. this book is dedicated to Sarah and VickY; to Peter who provided some of the answers; to Dorothy in gratitude; and to Him who in the beginning was the Word. Preface These pages are the long-delayed product of questions prompted by the sponta neous chatter of my two daughters when they were little. It was only possible to begin to explore these unformed thoughts through the repeated kindness of medi cal friends who allowed me to record their new-born children."

Until recently, the contribution of immunological knowledge to the under standingand management ofENTdisorders was slight, being largely confined to the appreciation that many rhinitic patients were allergic. Happily, this situation is rapidly changing: the immunological basis of many disorders of the ears, nose and throat is becoming recognized and the mechanisms of the reactions involved are being elucidated. From this, rational therapy should evolve. This book aims to highlight some of the areas in which immunological mechanisms are involved in otorhinolaryngology. It is written by experts in their respective fields of immunology and allergy, otology, rhinology and pathology. It opens with an overview ofthe pathways ofthe immune response and the cells and molecules involved, leading to an appreciation of the normal defence mechanisms of the upper respiratory tract and possible areas offailure. There is then a chapter on HIV infection and how this may present to otorhinolaryngologists. The normal function of the tonsil and the immunological effects oftonsillectomy are then considered. The varying roles of fungi in ENT disorders ranging from commensal through allergen to invasive organisms is assessed by Professor R. J. Hay. Perhaps the most obvious immunological contribution to management thus far lies in the immunocytochemical diagnosis of pathological conditions of the ears, nose and throat and this is covered in a chapter by Professor Leslie Michaels."

Perspectives on Auditory Research celebrates the last two decades of the Springer Handbook in Auditory Research. Contributions from the leading experts in the field examine the progress made in auditory research over the past twenty years, as well as the major questions for the future.

The cochlear implant is a device that bypasses a nonfunctional inner ear and stimulates the auditory nerve directly. Written by the "father" of the multi-electrode implant, this comprehensive text and reference gives an account of the principles underlying cochlear implants and their clinical application. For the clinician, the book will provide guidance in the treatment of patients; for the engineer and researcher it will provide the background for further research; and for the student, it will provide a through understanding of the subject.

The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of comp- hensive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern au- tory research.The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and clinical investigators.The volumes are intended to int- duce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in ?elds of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume is intended to present a particular topic comprehensively, and each chapter will serve as a synthetic overview and guide to the lit- ature.As such the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals.The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.

The hearing organs of non-mammals, which show quite large and systematic differences to each other and to those of mammals, provide an invaluable basis for comparisons of structure and function. By taking advantage of the vast diversity of possible study organisms provided by the "library" that is biological diversity, it is possible to learn how complex functions are realized in the inner ear through the evolution of specific structural, cellular and molecular configurations. Insights from Comparative Hearing Research brings together some of the most exciting comparative research on hearing and shows how this work has profoundly impacted our understanding of hearing in all vertebrates.

This Great Ormond Street Handbook provides a stepwise illustrated description of the surgical procedures used for correction of congenital deformities of the auricle. The content features over 600 intraoperative high-quality photographs of every step of each of the surgical procedures in addition to photographs of the preoperative planning and preparation.Chapters and topics covered: Microtia reconstruction, Prominent ear correction, Lop ear, Cryptotia, Stahl's ear, Mirror ear, Cleft earlobe correction, Reconstruction of absent earlobe. Registrars and Residents aswell as more experienced surgeons in the specialties of Plastic Surgery, and Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery will benefit from this useful surgical guide.

This advanced book of rigid fixation describes the scientific principles and applied techniques primarily for the AO/ASIF hardware system.

Liposuction began as a contouring procedure but has evolved into the treatment of obese patients, gynecomastia, ptosis, macromastia, and even patients who have complications from heart disease or diabetes. Other disorders such as axillary sweat hypersecretion, lipomas, and angiomas are also potential disorders that may be treated with liposuction.

Physicians performing liposuction must be adequately trained and experienced in the potential and actual complications before attempting to perform liposuction. Patient safety is the most important aspect of all surgeries, but especially of cosmetic surgery, which is an elective procedure.

New technology helps improve results but experience, care, and skill of the cosmetic surgeon is necessary to obtain optimal results that satisfy the patient.

The contributors to this book have spent time and effort presenting the cosmetic and plastic surgeon as much information as possible on the techniques and uses of liposuction for cosmetic and non-cosmetic surgery purposes.

Loudness is the primary psychological correlate of intensity. When the intensity of a sound increases, loudness increases. However, there exists no simple one-to-one correspondence between loudness and intensity; loudness can be changed by modifying the frequency or the duration of the sound, or by adding background sounds. Loudness also changes with the listener's cognitive state. Loudness provides a basic reference for graduate students, consultants, clinicians, and researchers with a focus on recent discoveries. The book begins with an overview of the conceptual thinking related to the study of loudness, addresses issues related to its measurement, and later discusses the physiological effects of loud sounds, reaction times and electrophysiological measures that correlate with loudness. Loudness in the laboratory, loudness of steady-state sounds and the loudness of time-varying sounds are also covered, as are hearing loss and models.

This volume is one in a series of monographs being issued under the general title of "Disorders of Human Communication." Each monograph deals in detail with a particular aspect of vocal communication and its disorders, and is written by internationally distinguished experts. Therefore, the series will provide an authoritative source of up-to-date scientific and clinical informa tion relating to the whole field of normal and abnormal speech communication, and as such will succeed the earlier monumental work "Handbuch der Stimm und Sprachheilkunde" by R. Luchsinger and G. E. Arnold (last issued in 1970). This series will prove invaluable for clinicians, teachers and research workers in phoniatrics and logopaedics, phonetics and linguistics, speech pathology, otolaryngology, neurology and neurosurgery, psychology and psychiatry, paediatrics and audiology. Several of the monographs will also be useful to voice and singing teachers, and to their pupils. G. E. Arnold, Jackson, Miss. August 1980 F. Wincke1, Berlin B. D. Wyke, London Preface Despite years of interest and research in the hearing process, much of the exact detail of auditory processing remains in the realm of conjecture. We do have some rudimentary understanding of the way the system records changes in frequency and intensity and of the relations between the ear's spectrum analysis and our identification of sound quality. Some of these operations we can duplicate with auditory models of our own, or with laboratory analyzers that can serve as auditory analogs."

Twenty five years ago, Bill Stebbins presented the principles of animal psychophysics in an edited volume (Stebbins, 1970) describing an array of modem, creative methodologies for investigating the range of sensory systems in a variety of vertebrate species. These principles included precise stimulus control, a well defined behavioral response, and a rigorous behavioral procedure appropriate to the organism under study. As a generation of comparative sensory scientists applied these principles, our knowledge of sensory and perceptual function in a wide range of animal species has grown dramatically, especially in the field of hearing. Comparative psychoacoustics, i. e. , the study of the hearing capabilities in animals using behavioral methods, is an area of animal psychophysics that has seen remarkable advances in methodology over the past 25 years. Acoustic stimuli are now routinely generated using digital methods providing the researcher with unprecedented possibilities for stimulus control and experimental design. The strategies and paradigms for data collection and analysis are becoming more refined as well, again due in large part to the widespread use of computers. In this volume, the reader will find a modem array of strategies designed to measure detection and discrimination of both simple and complex acoustic stimuli as well experimental designs to assess how organisms perceive, identify and classify acoustic stimuli. Refinements in modem methodologies now make it possible to compare diverse species tested under similar, if not identical, experimental conditions.