Nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation is the gold standard in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Long-term compliance rates are about 60%. Therefore, several alternative treatment options are of special interest. Beside conservative therapies, various surgical concepts exist. The field of surgery for sleep disordered breathing has rapidly grown with new instrumentation and surgical techniques in the last 10 years. Surgeons in these fields have to attend scientific meetings, participate in workshops, and read the literature to stay up to date. In our sleep laboratories we conduct 30 polysomnographies each night. Each year, we perform almost 1,000 surgical procedures for sleep disordered breathing apart from numerous other conservative and apparative treatment modalities. Referring to our expe- ence and the present literature, we tried to give new information on surgical techniques in this second edition. The chapters are grouped in different anatomical fields of interest. We wanted to give general advice and specific new hints for the surgery of sleep disordered breathing so that the reader learns basic techniques followed by more advanced surgery. In addition to the illustrated surgical descriptions, the chapters contain informations about indications and contraindications of each surgical procedure and the postoperative care. Special interest has been dedicated to evidence-based medicine. So in each chapter, there is a table of references summarizing the effectiveness of the procedure and EBM grade.

Fish Hearing and Bioacoustics is an anthology of review papers that were presented at a special symposium to honor Arthur Popper and Richard Fay on May 25th 2013 at the Mote Marine Laboratory in Sarasota, FL. The research presentations at this conference spanned the range of disciplines covered by Fay and Popper during their long and productive careers. The book includes the following thematic areas for the papers in this special volume: morphology and anatomy of the inner ear and lateral line systems; physiology of inner ear, lateral line, and central auditory systems; acoustically mediated behavior, including communication and sound localization; and environmental influences on fish hearing and bioacoustics, including anthropogenic effects of noise on fishes. Each chapter reviews and summarizes the past studies of particular area that will lead the reader up to the current work presented at the symposium. In addition, each chapters includes a perspective of how Arthur Popper and Richard Fay have influenced their particular area of fish bio acoustic research. Each manuscript also includes a hypotheses for future studies. These hypotheses will provide a springboard for future work in each field.

This atlas presents specific procedures for aesthetic craniofacial surgery in a comprehensive and easily understandable style. The book can be used as an operation manual for the aesthetic craniofacial surgeon, as a reference for the general plastic surgeon, and as an introductory text for residents in craniofacial, reconstructive, oral, head and neck surgery. It includes around 100 osteotomy methods and imperative information on patient selection, preoperative procedures, complications and implants.

This book describes an exciting new movement using regenerative medicine to treat patients with otolaryngological diseases. The emerging field of regenerative medicine uses tissue engineering, which combines medicine and engineering not only to treat the diseases themselves but also to enable recovery of the function of affected areas. As otolaryngology covers wide regions, including many diseases of the head and neck, the book is divided into sections, each corresponding to a different anatomical structure - the ear, nose, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and head and neck. The structural developments of each region, the underlying mechanisms of diseases specific to these regions, their experimental models and proposals for new regenerative treatment are all discussed in detail. The various diseases and symptoms considered in the book include inner ear and middle ear diseases, rhinitis, nasal sinusitis and otolaryngological cancers. To date there have been few clinical studies reporting regenerative medical applications in the field of otolaryngology, but in this volume leading authors present the latest research findings to help provide new therapies for patients in the future. This state-of-the-art information makes the book a valuable professional reference work for all doctors and researchers who focus on regenerative treatments in the field of otolaryngology and neuroscience.

Translational Research is the interface between basic science and human clinical application, including the entire process from animal studies to human clinical trials (phases I, II, and III). Translational Research moves promising basic science results from the laboratory to bedside application. Yet, this transition is often the least-defined, least-understood part of the research process. Most scientific training programs provide little or no systematic introduction to the issues, challenges, and obstacles that prevent effective research translation, even though these are the key steps that enable high-impact basic science to ultimately result in significant clinical advances that improve patient outcome. This volume will provide an overview of key issues in translation of research from "bedside to bench to bedside", not only from the perspective of the key funding agencies, but also from the scientists and clinicians who are currently involved in the translational research process. It will attempt to offer insight into real-world experience with intellectual property and technology transfer activities that can help move auditory technologies ahead, as scientists and clinicians typically have little or no formal training in these areas. Translational Research in Audiology and the Hearing Sciences will be aimed at graduate students and postdoctoral investigators, as well as professionals and academics. It is intended to function as a high-profile and up-to-date reference work on Translational Research in the auditory sciences, emphasizing research programs in the traditional areas including drugs and devices, as well as less traditional, still emerging, areas such as sensorineural hearing loss, auditory processing disorder, cochlear implants and hearing aids, and tinnitus therapies.

This volume will cover a variety of topics, including child language development; hearing loss; listening in noise; statistical learning; poverty; auditory processing disorder; cochlear neuropathy; attention; and aging. It will appeal broadly to auditory scientists-and in fact, any scientist interested in the biology of human communication and learning. The range of the book highlights the interdisciplinary series of questions that are pursued using the auditory frequency-following response and will accordingly attract a wide and diverse readership, while remaining a lasting resource for the field.

Vestibular Migraine is a concise monograph that presents the scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of this common yet largely unrecognized cause of dizziness. Current knowledge of the features of the condition is described, and clear guidance is provided on the differentiation of vestibular migraine from other conditions that induce dizziness, including Meniere's disease. Symptomatic treatment and the various prophylactic options are discussed and evaluated, and advice is also included on long-term treatment and the circumstances under which treatment should be discontinued. Vestibular Migraine will be of interest to all physicians and other health care providers who deal with dizzy patients, including internists, family physicians, neurologists, otolaryngologists, and trainees in those specialties, as well as nurse practitioners and physician assistants.

Ando establishes a theory of subjective preference of the sound field in a concert hall, based on preference theory with a model of human auditory- brain system. The model uses the autocorrelation function and the interaural crosscorrelation function for signals arriving at two ear entrances and considers the specialization of human cerebral hemispheres. The theory may be applied to describe primary sensations such as pitch or missing fundamental, loudness, timbre, and duration. The theory may also be applied to visual sensations as well as subjective preference of visual environments. Remarkable findings in activities in both auditory-brain and visual-brain systems in relation to subjective preference as a primitive response are described.

The new edition of the book Normal and Abnormal Swallowing, Second Edition, presents an updated practical approach to the role of imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of the patient with dysphagia. Centered around the "gold standard" imaging modality, i.e. videofluorography, the text also includes chapters on other modalities such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The broad scope of the text makes it the definitive reference work for professionals already involved with patients with dysphagia as well as newcomers interested in learning more about the imaging approaches to these patients. This is a "must read" for professionals in specialities such as radiology, gastroenterology, otolaryngology, rehabilitation medicine and speech language pathology.

The auditory system has a remarkable ability to adjust to an ever-changing environment. The six review chapters that comprise Plasticity of the Central Auditory System cover a spectrum of issues concerning this ability to adapt, defined by the widely applicable term "plasticity." With chapters focusing on the development of the cochlear nucleus, the mammalian superior olivary complex, plasticity in binaural hearing, plasticity in the auditory cortex, neural plasticity in bird songs, and plasticity in the insect auditory system, this volume represents much of the most current research in this field. The volume is thorough enough to stand alone, but is closely related a previous SHAR volume, Development of the Auditory System (Volume 9) by Rubel, Popper, and Fay. The book fully addresses the difficulties, challenges, and complexities of this topic as it applies to the auditory development of a wide variety of species.

Further management strategies including clinimetry, cranio-cervical posture and 'psychological' management of chronic facial pain are described and discussed in relation to their integration in daily practice. Difficult clinical problems such as cervical headache, chronic ear pain in children, KISS syndrome, facial paralysis, tinnitus, craniomandibular dysfunction amongst others are described and discussed. A clinical reasoning approach to problem solving is emphasized throughout. This book is recommended for those interested in manual assessment and management of the craniofacial region including clinicians, physiotherapists, dentists, orthodontics, ENT-specialists, neurologists, maxillofacial surgeons, chiropractors and osteopaths. Foreword by Professor Mariano Racobado, Santiago, Chile. Contributors: HAJ Oudhof: Skull Growth in relation to mechanical stimulation Dr H Biedermann: Features of cranial tissue as a basis for clinical pattern recognition on management Dr med H Biederman: Primary and secondary cranial asymmetry in Kiss-children R Spermon-Marijne: Manual Therapy of the craniofacial region as therapeutic Dr J R Spermon: approach in children with long term ear disease P Westerhuis: Cervicogenic headache: a clinician's perspective and Cervicogenic Headache, physical examination and management David Butler: Experience of pain and the craniofacial region D Fitzgerald and Lynn Bryden: The influence of posture and alteration of function upon the cranio-cervical and craniofacial region M Jones: Clinical reasoning. A basis for examination and treatment in the cranial region F Winters: Pain management by patients with chronic craniofacial pain G Aufdemkampe: The relevance of clinimetrie by patients with cranial facial pain * Prestigious text with expert international contributors including acclaimed anatomists and cranial morphologists * Highly practical text with a page of text facing a page of high quality black and white photographs * Geoff Maitland has endorsed this text

The cochlear implant is a device that bypasses a nonfunctional inner ear and stimulates the auditory nerve directly with patterns of electrical currents derived from incoming sounds. The culmination of investigations in many disciplines, it is the first major advance in helping profoundly deaf children communicate since the Sign Language for the Deaf was developed at the Institution des Jeunes Sourds in Paris some 200 years ago. Written by the "father" of the multi-electrode implant, this comprehensive text and reference gives an account of the fundamental principles underlying cochlear implants and their clinical application. It thus discusses research in all relevant disciplines, including: - Surgical anatomy, concentrating on essentials relevant to engineering - Pathology, focusing on the inner ear's response to the implant and to electrical stimulation - Biophysics and electrochemistry, addressing the interface between electrode and tissue - Neurobiology, with particular emphasis on the issue of safety - Physiology, summarizing current theories of frequency and amplitude coding - Psychophysics, focusing on pitch and loudness perception - Speech science, including phonetics, perception, and language - Electronic principles of signal processing needed for speech perception - Clinical factors of importance to the engineering - Surgical procedures to help scientists and engineers understand the realities for implant development - Communication skills achieved for different speech processing strategies - Socioeconomic and ethical issues For the clinician, the book will provide guidance in the treatment of patients; for the engineer and researcher it will provide the background for further research; and for the student, it will provide a through understanding of the subject.

Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck is the first comprehensive guide for otolaryngologists who wish to perform robotic head and neck surgery. Edited by leaders in the field, this book focuses on how improved access, visualization, and flexibility of the technology have greatly expanded the capabilities of the head and neck surgeon to treat diseases transorally or through small incisions in the skin. Starting with an overview of minimally invasive surgery in the head and neck, and moving to discussions of anatomic considerations for these procedures and the future applications of robotic surgery for otolaryngologists, Robotic Surgery of the Head and Neck explores the exciting progress of robotic technologies, bringing physicians closer to achieving the benefits of traditional surgery with the least amount of disruption to the patient.

The sensory hair cells in the inner ear and vestibular system convert mechanical stimuli, sound and motion into neural activity that is responsible for the sensations of hearing, motion and head position. In mammals, the loss of hair cells from acoustic overstimulation, ototoxic drugs and aging is irreversible, leading to a permanent loss of function. However, it is now clear that hair cells in other vertebrates are capable of regenerating and recovering partial or complete function. Moreover, partially damaged hair cells can undergo self-repair or be protected from traumatic insults by external compounds.This volume provides a comprehensive survey of what is currently known about the regeneration, repair and protection of sensory hair cells and subsequent recovery of function in the auditory and vestibular system. The aim is to provide graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, clinicians and scientists in related disciplines with the biological bases of hair cells and with an understanding of the factors that contribute to their regeneration and repair.

Hearing and communication present a variety of challenges to the nervous system. To be heard and understood, a communication signal must be transformed from a time-varying acoustic waveform to a perceptual representation to an even more abstract representation that integrates memory stores with semantic/referential information. Finally, this complex, abstract representation must be interpreted to form categorical decisions that guide behavior. Did I hear the stimulus? From where and whom did it come? What does it tell me? How can I use this information to plan an action? All of these issues and questions underlie auditory cognition. Since the early 1990s, there has been a re-birth of studies that test the neural correlates of auditory cognition with a unique emphasis on the use of awake, behaving animals as model. Continuing today, how and where in the brain neural correlates of auditory cognition are formed is an intensive and active area of research. Importantly, our understanding of the role that the cortex plays in hearing has the potential to impact the next generation of cochlear- and brainstem-auditory implants and consequently help those with hearing impairments. Thus, it is timely to produce a volume that brings together this exciting literature on the neural correlates of auditory cognition. This volume compliments and extends many recent SHAR volumes such as Sound Source Localization (2005) Auditory Perception of Sound Sources (2007), and Human Auditory Cortex (2010). For example, in many of these volumes, similar issues are discussed such as auditory-object identification and perception with different emphases: in Auditory Perception of Sound Sources, authors discuss the underlying psychophysics/behavior, whereas in the Human Auditory Cortex, fMRI data are presented. The unique contribution of the proposed volume is that the authors will integrate both of these factors to highlight the neural correlates of cognition/behavior. Moreover, unlike other these other volumes, the neurophysiological data will emphasize the exquisite spatial and temporal resolution of single-neuron as opposed to more coarse fMRI or MEG data] responses in order to reveal the elegant representations and computations used by the nervous system.

This volume will serve as the first Handbook of its kind in the area of hearing aid research, often the least-defined, least-understood, part of the multi-disciplinary research process. Most scientific training is very advanced within the particular disciplines but provides little opportunity for systematic introduction to the issues and obstacles that prevent effective hearing-aid related research. This area has emerged as one of critical importance, as signified by a single specialized meeting (the International Hearing Aid Conference, IHCON) that brings together specialists from the disparate disciplines involved, including both university and industry researchers. Identification of the key steps that enable high-impact basic science to ultimately result in significant clinical advances that improve patient outcome is critical. This volume will provide an overview of current key issues in hearing aid research from the perspective of many different disciplines, not only from the perspective of the key funding agencies, but also from the scientists and clinicians who are currently involved in hearing aid research. It will offer insight into the experience, current technology and future technology that can help improve hearing aids, as scientists and clinicians typically have little or no formal training over the whole range of the individual disciplines that are relevant. The selection and coverage of topics insures that it will have lasting impact, well beyond immediate, short-term, or parochial concerns.

The past decade has brought great advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying auditory pathologies. Molecular biology and genetics have primarily contributed to this enhanced understanding, which in turn has driven the design of novel rational therapeutic interventions. Auditory Trauma, Protection and Repair presents recent developments in auditory research and their potential translation to the clinical setting. In particular the authors address the major entities of peripheral auditory trauma, discuss the underlying mechanisms, the central nervous system consequences, protective interventions and finally explore the possibilities to restore cochlear morphology and function.

Two themes run through the chapters in this book: cellular homeostasis and cell death. In the broadest sense, all auditory pathologies are disorders of cellular homeostasis.

Contents:

• Auditory Pathology: When Hearing Is Out of Balance Jochen Schacht
• Genetics of Hearing Loss Ella Shalit and Karen B. Avraham
• Cochlear Homeostasis and Homeostatic Disorders Philine Wangemann
• Tinnitus: Theories, Mechanisms and Treatments Carol A. Bauer and Thomas J. Brozoski
• Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease Quinton Gopen, and Jeffrey P. Harris
• Age-Related Hearing loss and Its Cellular and Molecular Bases Kevin K. Ohlemiller and Robert D. Frisina
• The Patterns and Mechanisms of Noise-Induced Cochlear Pathology Donald Henderson, Bohua Hu, and Eric Bielefeld
• Drug-Induced Hearing Loss Leonard P. Rybak, Andrea E. Talaska, and Jochen Schacht
• Central Consequences ofCochlear Trauma D. Kent Morest and Steven J. Potashner
• Cell Death and Cochlear Protection Steven Green, Richard A. Altschuler, and Josef M. Miller
• Emerging Strategies for Restoring the Cochlea Stefan Heller and Yehoash Raphael

About the editors:

Jochen Schacht is Professor and Director of the Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Arthur N. Popper is Professor in the Department of Biology and Co-Director of the Center for Comparative and Evolutionary Biology of Hearing at the University of Maryland, College Park. Richard R. Fay is Director of the Parmly Hearing Institute and Professor of Psychology at Loyola University of Chicago.

About the series:

The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of synthetic reviews of fundamental topics dealing with auditory systems. Each volume is independent and authoritative; taken as a set, this series is the definitive resource in the field.

Brain imaging and neurophysiological methods have been rapidly developed. The purpose of this book is to describe hearing problems which are caused by various kinds of brain diseases in central auditory pathway. Each topic is explained to use a lot of figures such as brain imaging and neurophysiological data comparing with neuropsychological tests. Readers will understand what happens in patients, when bilateral auditory nerve and auditory cortex are damaged in patients. Some patients can hear but cannot discriminate meanings of speech, music and environmental sounds. The author tries to explain why such a difference occurs.

Offering up-to-date, multidisciplinary coverage of this nuanced and evolving field, Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea provides a comprehensive overview of the evaluation and diagnosis, as well as the medical and surgical management options, for all causes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. It covers all aspects of CSF leaks, synthesizing current knowledge on pathophysiology, diagnosis, perioperative care, and operative techniques for this complex group of patients. Leading experts in otolaryngology and neurosurgery, as well as ophthalmology, neurology, and radiology, provide detailed coverage of the distinctions between management of patients with differing etiologies of CSF rhinorrhea, including spontaneous, traumatic/iatrogenic, and tumor-related. Focuses exclusively on the comprehensive evaluation, and management of patients presenting with CSF leaks from the anterior cranial base, offering a reliable, one-stop resource for experienced clinicians as well as those in training. Covers the full breadth of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, with expert discussion of spontaneous CSF leaks, including evolving management techniques for patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension; traumatic CSF leaks, including advanced management of complex anterior cranial base trauma; and up-to-date techniques for intraoperative skull base reconstruction after tumor resection. Includes tips and pearls on surgical approaches and postoperative management strategies for this complex and varied patient population. Features abundant high-definition images of anatomy, radiographic imaging, and intraoperative techniques, as well as videos that highlight intraoperative techniques in patients with spontaneous, traumatic, and tumor-related CSF leaks. Provides a detailed review of the different laboratory, examination (endoscopic nasal, as well as ophthalmologic) and imaging studies used to evaluate patients with CSF leaks. Discusses the evaluation and growing medical and procedural management options for patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Offers state-of-the-art reconstruction options for CSF leaks and complex skull base defects, ranging from the nasoseptal flap and beyond. Addresses the controversial role of lumbar drains in CSF leak management, as will new and upcoming technological advances in operating room instrumentation. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.

This book considers deafness as a medical condition, exploring the neuronal consequences on the peripheral and the central nervous system as well as on cognition and learning, viewed from the standpoint of genetics, neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, molecular biology, systems neuroscience, and cognitive neuroscience.

Written for residents and practitioners of otolaryngology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and maxiollofacial surgery, this book provides the reader with a comprehensive, concise discussion of the best evidence available on which to base clinical decisions needed when managing patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Because of its accessible and practical format, this book is considerably different than other related titles on the market. Formatted with questions at the beginning of each chapter that are then answered with evidence and best practices available for each case, each chapter addresses situations the clinician is likely to face in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a patient with cancer of the head and neck. Most clinical decisions in the management of cancers of the head and neck region are based on the results of a few controlled, randomized clinical trial trials (Evidence Level I). However, most decision-making is based on the results of case-control studies (Evidence Level II), descriptive studies, reports of expert committees, or opinions of respected authorities (Evidence Level III). This information is scattered throughout the literature and often comingled with information about other topics. Therefore, there is a need for a publication in which the evidence pertinent to making decisions regarding a particular clinical problem is distilled from the literature and presented in a single concise, clinical, situation-driven source. Cancer of the Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx: Evidence-Based Decision Making is just such a resource.

This book explores computational fluid dynamics in the context of the human nose, allowing readers to gain a better understanding of its anatomy and physiology and integrates recent advances in clinical rhinology, otolaryngology and respiratory physiology research. It focuses on advanced research topics, such as virtual surgery, AI-assisted clinical applications and therapy, as well as the latest computational modeling techniques, controversies, challenges and future directions in simulation using CFD software. Presenting perspectives and insights from computational experts and clinical specialists (ENT) combined with technical details of the computational modeling techniques from engineers, this unique reference book will give direction to and inspire future research in this emerging field.