Entrepreneurship - a South African perspective provides an overview of entrepreneurship and important related topics in the field of entrepreneurship. In addition it is a guide to becoming a successful entrepreneur. It describes and illustrates new venture creation within a South African context: the start-up process, the growth stages and the challenges in the maturity phase of the business. It provides exercises, activities and numerous case studies based on the latest research in South Africa. In this third edition of Entrepreneurship all the chapters have been updated, and some chapters, including those on corporate entrepreneurship, e-business and the resource requirements of legal and related aspects, have been substantially revised. To provide a more practical context, profiles of typical entrepreneurs are also included. Contents include the following: Seeing, locating, measuring and opening the window of opportunity; Developing the business plan; Determining the resources required; Fair trade, competition and consumer protection; The role of national government in developing and enabling the small business environment; Controlling and planning for growth; Key issues of business success or failure; E-commerce opportunities; Corporate entrepreneurship in South Africa. Entrepreneurship is aimed at undergraduate students at all higher education institutions in South Africa, as well as managers, management consultants and trainees, developers and presenters of in-house business courses.

This book discusses technology policy and innovation policy from an international perspective, with a particular emphasis on the policies of the United States and the United Kingdom. The importance of these policy areas, as well as their relationship to one another, is a unifying theme throughout, and this relationship is illustrated through an integrating policy framework. Private sector and public sector investments in R&D are posited to be the relevant target variables for technology policy, and vehicles to provide incentives for making each more effective are discussed along with suggestive information about how effective incentives have actually been. Consideration is given to the unintended consequences of technology policy. Also emphasized is the environment in which technology policy is promulgated and its relationship to a global innovation ecosystem. Innovation policy is a consequence of technology policy, and the innovation policies of various countries are also discussed. Technology and Innovation Policy will benefit academic researchers, senior scientists, innovation and technology policy makers, and graduate students who seek a deeper understanding of the relationship between technology and innovation policies from an international perspective.

Providing cutting-edge material from a range of perspectives on entrepreneurial internationalization, this insightful book develops contemporary business concepts and business models to engage with a rapidly changing and diversifying world economy. Chapters build a conceptual and theoretical illustration of the field, providing key frameworks for the analysis of entrepreneurial internationalization, including insights into strategy and organization, as well as fundraising strategies for early internationalizing startups. Top international scholars in the field apply these frameworks to specific real-world business environments, such as born globals, born digital enterprises and multinational corporations in emerging markets. The book concludes with analysis of international entrepreneurship across both traditional and digital contexts, highlighting the emerging implications for international entrepreneurship research of digitization and the Covid-19 pandemic. Bringing together a multitude of critical evaluations, this book is crucial reading for scholars and researchers of SME internationalization and born globals, as well as higher level students of international entrepreneurship. It will also benefit practitioners and policymakers hoping to engage with new digital developments in the world economy.

This insightful and comprehensive Research Handbook explores the concept of start-up incubation ecosystems and investigates the various factors that interact to provide a nurturing environment suitable for the creation and successful development of start-ups. Chapters employ a range of approaches for the study of incubation ecosystems, including literature reviews, theoretical studies, and empirical research featuring both quantitative and qualitative methods. An international team of authors analyze data from a diverse range of countries to cover topics including: multi-level approaches to incubation ecosystems; start-up support mechanisms such as incubators, accelerators and co-working spaces; and the role of organizations involved in incubation ecosystems such as universities, government agencies and multinational companies. The Handbook thus illustrates the critical part played by the early development of start-ups within entrepreneurial ecosystems. Scholars and doctoral students working in entrepreneurship and innovation will find this Handbook invaluable to their understanding of start-up incubation ecosystems and in illuminating future research agendas. It will also prove useful to practitioners and policymakers working with start-ups and organizations that support them. Contributors include: B.W. Amo, C. Bellavitis, P. Benneworth, P.M. Bican, A. Billstroem, J.J. Bragelien, M. Breivik-Meyer, A. Brem, E. Carlsson, T.H. Clausen, C.M. DaSilva, M. Good, J. Grande, M. Gulbrandsen, J.O. Hansen, R.R. Hermann, E.J. Isaksen, A. Jensen, A.R. Johnson, E.J.B. Jorgensen, K. Kassel, M. Knockaert, L. Kolvereid, M. Landoni, K. Lesniak, A. Mariussen, K.E. Masyn, A. McKelvie, K. Messeghem, S. Mitchell, D. Modic, N. Nguyen, G. Nonet, N. Nordling, A. Novotny, A. O'Connor, I.B. Pettersen, R. Pugh, E. Rasmussen, T. Ratinho, S. Saarenketo, S.R. Sardeshmukh, M. Sargent, R.M. Smith, R. Sorheim, O. Straub, C. Theodoraki, E. Thomas, L. Torkkeli, E. van der Lingen, H. Velt, K.H. Voldsund, J. Wiklund, T. Yoshioka-Kobayashi

This insightful and innovative book proposes a new theory of socio-material weaving for studying and understanding family business. It dissolves the family business into activities, constituted of the sociality of human interactions and relations and interwoven with materials that extend in both a bodily-lived and spatial existential sense. Building on hermeneutic phenomenology, Mona Ericson explores a new approach to the field, which shifts focus away from entitized conceptions of family business contexts. Building on a 'being-in-the-world' understanding, the book emphasizes human entwinement with activities in amongst materials. Chapters draw insights from research on the social and the material, exploring the field through five unique stories that illustrate the intertwinement of family business activities and materials associated with buildings and land. Taking a critical stance towards systems-oriented family business research, Ericson weaves together the social and the material in association with narrative truth. An innovative and imaginative exploration of an established field of study, this book is crucial reading for scholars, researchers and graduate students of family business, opening up new ways of approaching the field in scholarly work. It will also benefit practitioners through practical insights into the challenges family business owners face when establishing and managing business activities.

This Handbook is a state-of-the-art analysis of proximity relations, offering insights into its history alongside up-to-date scientific advances and emerging questions. Its broad scope - from industrial and innovation approaches through to society issues of living and working at a distance, territorial development and environmental topics - will ensure an in-depth focus point for researchers in economics as well as geography, organizational studies, planning and sociology. Split into four distinctly thematic parts, the Handbook explores the precise definition of proximity relationships and their diversity, including the role they play in social and economic interactions as well as examining the origins and evolution of such relationships. It further presents a detailed overview of the main methods of analysis, highlighting the link between proximity relationships and exchange of information while explaining how exchanges at a distance rely on links of organized proximity, something that plays an increasing role in our societies. This engaging Handbook will provide an excellent update for scientists and researchers on the recent developments in the analysis of proximity relations as well as students looking for precise and detailed information on the main characteristics of proximity relations, regional and spatial analysis, and the major analytical tools.

This timely book comprises detailed personal narratives of entrepreneurs who have worked towards peace in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It begins by offering an innovative framework of analysis based on scientific knowledge about social entrepreneurs, defining 'peace entrepreneurship' and mapping its unique characteristics. It also explains the narrative methodology used, and provides a short history of the conflict in the region. The book focuses on 11 life stories of Israeli and Palestinian entrepreneurs who have strived for peace through social ventures. Chapters discuss the various forms of social activism that peace entrepreneurs have pursued, the challenges that they have faced and the motivations behind their ventures. The editors conclude by considering the similarities and differences across the stories, offering insights into what drives people to act as peace entrepreneurs and what sustains their activities in the face of ongoing conflict. Documenting rousing and inspirational life narratives, this book is crucial for scholars and researchers of social entrepreneurship who are searching for new avenues of inquiry into ventures in a conflict context. It will also provide motivational reading for other practitioners of peace entrepreneurship, as well as policymakers working with social entrepreneurs in conflict zones.

Women's entrepreneurship is an effective way to combat poverty, hunger and disease, to stimulate sustainable business practices, and to promote gender equality. Yet, deeply engrained cultural norms often prescribe gender-specific roles and behaviors that severely constrain the opportunities for women's entrepreneurial activities. This excellent new volume of work from the Diana Group explores this paradox. As women-entrepreneurs circumvent challenges and obstacles, they also ameliorate the cultural context for future women entrepreneurs. In this book, studies covering 40 countries document how culture affects women's entrepreneurship, and how women's entrepreneurship, in turn, shapes the cultural milieu. The work is organized into three main themes: (1) the socio-cultural context for women's entrepreneurship; (2) women's entrepreneurship as emancipation from traditional family roles; and (3) government policies and programs and self-determination in women's entrepreneurship. This illuminating and inspiring book offers valuable insights for students of women's entrepreneurship, practicing entrepreneurs, and public policy makers interested in promoting women's entrepreneurship in different cultural contexts around the world.

April J. Spivack and Alexander McKelvie present the development of the concept of entrepreneurship addiction, contributing to wider discussions of the 'dark side' of entrepreneurship. Focusing attention on mental health issues and neurodiversity among entrepreneurs, it offers insights into conflicting findings regarding entrepreneurial well-being. The book incorporates contemporary multifaceted lenses that consider cognitive, emotional, biological and physiological dimensions of experience, highlighting the complex interplay between entrepreneurs and their ventures. It distinguishes entrepreneurship addiction from other behavioural addictions to develop a robust and distinct empirical measure of psychological and physiological health of entrepreneurs. Describing recent contributions to this rapidly developing field of study, Spivack and McKelvie supply key research tools and map out a research agenda for further investigation. Offering operational methodologies for the study of entrepreneurial addiction, this book is crucial reading for scholars of entrepreneurship interested in the psychological and behavioural impacts of entrepreneurial endeavours. It will also benefit career-driven entrepreneurs, their partners, family members, and others looking for personal insights into entrepreneurial behaviour, as well as mental health workers and practitioners.

Focusing on academic entrepreneurship in the university context, the authors explore how researchers, teachers, students, academic managers and administrators make sense of entrepreneurship and of the paradoxes and contradictions involved. The book investigates how these diverse entrepreneurial actors and their stakeholders interpret and analyse entrepreneurial activities within the university ecosystem. New Movements in Academic Entrepreneurship covers research commercialisation, academic start-up companies and entrepreneurship education, as well as university-society relationships more widely. With contributions from Europe, North America and Asia, this book helps to broaden our understanding of academic entrepreneurship using original theoretical insights and rich empirical data. Essential reading for students and researchers of entrepreneurial universities and ecosystems, this book provides fresh theoretical frameworks and an inclusive understanding of academic entrepreneurship.

Building on the success of the first volume of Teaching Entrepreneurship, this second volume features new teaching exercises that are adaptable and can be used to teach online, face to face or in a hybrid environment. In addition, it expands on the five practices of entrepreneurship education: the practice of play, the practice of empathy, the practice of creation, the practice of experimentation, and the practice of reflection. This portfolio of practices leads to a holistic teaching approach designed to help students think and act more entrepreneurially under various degrees of uncertainty and across contexts. Here in Volume Two the editors and contributors demonstrate how the five practices are a framework for course development to help students make progress toward a more entrepreneurial way of thinking and develop the ability to find and create new opportunities with the courage to act on them. Educators trying to build entrepreneurship into their curriculum, from within and outside the business school, will find Teaching Entrepreneurship, Volume Two invaluable in developing experiential learning experiences.

Most entrepreneurship and small business textbooks contain few, if any, cases that an instructor can use with students and illustrate important theories or topics from the course. This book contains cutting-edge case studies that illustrate key problems confronting contemporary entrepreneurs. Set in familiar business environments, this original set of cases provides useful insights into the experiences of real-world entrepreneurs for classroom environments. Key features include: Innovative and exciting cases that present common business scenarios, offering practical perspectives for up-and-coming entrepreneurs A theory-based online Instructor's Manual, featuring topic summaries, learning objectives, teaching suggestions and key questions to aid classroom discussion Exceptional coverage of critical entrepreneurship issues, including opportunity recognition, funding a new business, sustaining ventures, social entrepreneurship and challenges faced by collegiate entrepreneurs. An ideal companion for instructors and students, this book is essential reading for MBA courses in entrepreneurship, non-profit management and social entrepreneurship, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate courses in business and management that specialize in entrepreneurship

One key for success of an entrepreneur is to obtain sales (revenue) and profits as quickly as possible upon launching the venture. Entrepreneurial Marketing focuses on the essential elements of success in order to achieve these needed sales and revenues and to grow the company. The authors build a comprehensive, state-of-the-art picture of entrepreneurial marketing issues, providing major theoretical and empirical evidence that offers a clear, concise view of entrepreneurial marketing. Through an international approach that combines both theoretical and empirical knowledge of entrepreneurship and marketing, this book informs and enhances the entrepreneurs' creativity, their ability to bring innovations to the market, and their willingness to face risk that changes the world. Key components addressed include: identifying and selecting the market; determining the consumer needs cost-effectively; executing the basic elements of the marketing mix (product, price, distribution, and promotion); and competing successfully in the domestic and global markets through implementing a sound marketing plan. Numerous illustrative examples throughout the book bring the content to life. The mix of theoretical content, examples, empirical analyses, and case studies make this book an excellent resource for students, professors, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers all over the world.

The Geography of Entrepreneurial Psychology summarizes existing research and relevant insights from psychology, economics, management, sociology and geography to provide an overview to a new and innovative interdisciplinary field, answering the critical question 'what is a vibrant startup culture?' Mapping recent empirical advances and analysing regional differences in macro-psychological factors associated with entrepreneurship, the book discusses the role of historical trajectories of regional differences, considering their significance to contemporary entrepreneurial and geographical psychology. Chapters turn to established psychological theories, such as McClelland's Human Motivation Theory and the Big Five personality traits, to measure entrepreneurship culture and its persistence between regions and cities, delivering key implications for practice, education and policy in entrepreneurship. Setting a crucial agenda for future research, this cutting-edge book is vital reading for students and researchers of entrepreneurship cultures, particularly those focusing on regional differences. Psychologists and geographers will also benefit from this book's multidisciplinary insights into spatial aspects of entrepreneurial psychology.

This book addresses the different kinds of businesses launched by entrepreneurs and explains why their differences are so critical for our understanding of entrepreneurship. While entrepreneurs create a wide variety of businesses, overwhelming emphasis has been placed on explosive growth firms such as Facebook, Google, Amazon, Uber and Airbnb. Although important, these businesses represent less than one percent of start-ups. The book distinguishes four types of new ventures: survival, lifestyle, managed growth and aggressive growth. Underlying characteristics of each type are investigated, together with the resources, skills and capabilities necessary for their success. Issues that arise based on this typology are explored, including reasons why ventures of one type rarely change to become another, and how entrepreneurs determine which they should pursue. In addition, the authors introduce the 'portfolio' concept, where the need to develop a balanced mix of venture types is emphasized. The principal audiences for What Do Entrepreneurs Create? include entrepreneurship educators, scholarly researchers, public policy developers, economic development professionals, and community organizations striving to foster entrepreneurial activity.

Everyone wants their research to be read and to be relevant. This exciting new guide presents a broad range of ideas for enhancing research impact and relevance. Bringing together researchers from all stages of academic life, it offers a far-reaching discussion of strategies to optimise relevancy in the modern research environment. This book is crucial reading for advanced masters students, doctoral students and researchers in the social sciences wishing to grow the relevance of their research beyond academia. Senior researchers and educators offering doctoral courses will also benefit from its insight into the development of a generation of young researchers in the contemporary academic environment. Contributors include: T. Alfahaid, A. Aljarodi, C. Alvarez, S. Aparicio, E. Breit, A. Buhrandt, D. de Castro Leal, K. Ettl, S. Feldermann, I. Haase, J. Janisch, P. Koehn, T. Lopez, A. Loescher, A. Muller, M. Paschke, P.J. Ruf, J. Schnittker, C. Soost, D. Urbano, C. Weigel, F. Welter

What do entrepreneurs do? In a comprehensive and detailed exploration using three perspectives - behavior, practice and process - this Research Handbook demonstrates specific methods for answering that question and provides insights into the implications of pursuing that question. The authors demonstrate a variety of methods including ethnography, autoethnography, participant observation, diaries, social media platforms and multilevel research techniques to delve into the foundations of entrepreneurial behavior. In addition to reinvigorating this long dormant area of scholarship, these chapters provide scholars with the idea that the disparate perspectives on this topic are really headed in the same direction. They also demonstrate the notion that similar tools can be utilized to answer the same type of questions emanating from these different perspectives. The contributors go on to offer insights to a wide range of scholarship on organizations. Entrepreneurship scholars, PhD students, and upper level graduate and undergraduate students who want a current overview on the theories, methods and implications of studying entrepreneurship will welcome the insights explored in this Research Handbook. Contributors include: A. Brattstroem, O. Byrne, A. Caetano, H.S. Chen, F. Delmar, D. Dimov, A. Fayolle, D. Fletcher, W.B. Gartner, B. Johannisson, A.R. Johnson, T. Karlsson, M. Lackeus, J.R. Mitchell, R.K. Mitchell, H. Neergaard, R.D.M. Pelly, K. Poldner, S.C. Santos, P. Selden, B.T. Teague, N.A. Thompson, C. Thrane, M. Tillmar, H. Vahidnia, E. van Burg, J.P. Warhuus, K. Wennberg

This pioneering work explores both the theory and practice of business and technology incubation and acceleration over the past six decades as an approach to new venture creation and development. With a global scope, the Handbook examines incubation concepts, models, and mechanisms, providing a research-based analytical foundation from which to understand the emerging role of modern incubators, accelerators, science parks, and related support tools in building modern entrepreneurship ecosystems for promoting targeted economic development. Featuring contributions from internationally renowned scholars and practitioners, the Handbook covers four major themes: understanding incubation and acceleration; incubation mechanisms and entrepreneurship ecosystem development; national and regional incubation policy studies; and incubation practice and assessment. Chapters investigate the expanding importance of newer models and novel modes of new venture support such as smart launching through focused training, mentoring, and financing. This Handbook will help to equip policy makers, facility and program managers, investors, and entrepreneurs with the knowledge to handle support for future business and technology ventures more confidently and effectively. It also provides a deeper understanding of the incubation approach for researchers and scholars of entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic development.

A unique and comprehensive source of information, this book is the only international publication providing economists, planners, policymakers and business people with worldwide statistics on current performance and trends in the manufacturing sector. The Yearbook is designed to facilitate international comparisons relating to manufacturing activity and industrial development and performance. It provides data which can be used to analyse patterns of growth and related long term trends, structural change and industrial performance in individual industries. Statistics on employment patterns, wages, consumption and gross output and other key indicators are also presented.

This book describes the sustainable development journey of 15 business families committed to using their enterprises as a force of societal good. In turn, each family reaps benefits of high economic returns, while contributing to society and environment. The youngest family firm is in its 20s, while there are others over 100 years of age. Size, industry, locations vary. But all these business families share a deep shared commitment towards sustainable development, control over strategic decision-making in their firms and trans-generational continuity intentions. Family values embed their enterprises with a strong sense of purpose to achieve their chosen sustainable development goals. Professionalized systems and processes foster the development of capabilities, and partnerships with a variety of stakeholders ensure the simultaneous achievement of social, environmental and profitability goals. Educators, students, policy makers and business families interested in sustainable development will find new understanding of family business through Pioneering Family Firms' Sustainable Development Strategies.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. This insightful Research Agenda explores social finance and impact investing, surveying the latest research in this area. It considers a range of actors from across the social finance ecosystem, from investors and social banks, to the entrepreneurs who propose sustainable solutions and seek finance. Chapters discuss a variety of key topics, including impact investing practices by philanthropic and renewable energy sectors, the financing of social enterprises, social ventures and the effect of banking on the Sustainable Development Goals. The Research Agenda also examines market-figures to provide a holistic overview of the social finance and impact investing markets. Considering the perspectives of both investors and investees, this Research Agenda will be a useful guide for scholars and researchers in the areas of social finance, social entrepreneurship, impact investing and sustainability. Its evaluation of the challenges and successes of multiple social finance sectors will also be beneficial for practitioners in these fields.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. This exciting Research Agenda expertly addresses the question: What will be important within the family business field and for family businesses in practice over the next decade? Top international contributors explore farsighted theories, methods and topics, often taking a multi-disciplinary approach in order to outline the potential routes for further advancing family business research. Chapters cover the significance of new family trends, entrepreneurial legacy, board diversity, spatial-familiness, corruption, innovation and digital business transformation, challenging core assumptions surrounding the family business phenomenon and mapping the future of the discipline. A Research Agenda for Family Business will prove a stimulating read for family business and entrepreneurship scholars, as well as academics focusing on strategy, HR, organizational behaviour and corporate governance. Practitioners will also find this book valuable for reflecting on challenges that they are facing and navigating developments in the family business field.

This peer-reviewed edited volume provides strategies and practices for teaching nonprofit management theories and concepts in the context of the undergraduate, graduate, and online classroom environments. Each chapter discusses and summarizes pertinent theories and concepts with concrete examples of nonprofit management education courses. Concept discussions then follow up with exercises or simulations and various resources for instructors to apply in either physical or virtual classrooms. The majority of the chapters are connected to one or more core nonprofit curriculum areas as identified by the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council (NACC) curriculum guidelines. Instructors, faculty, and program directors of nonprofit management and philanthropy courses at undergraduate and graduate levels can use Teaching Nonprofit Management as a guide for teaching and for creating course syllabi. The book can also serve as a supplemental textbook, as it covers the core curricular areas identified by the NACC. Contributors include: S. Arsneault, J. Beneson, K.C. Bezboruah, T.K. Bryan, H.L. Carpenter, E.A. Castillo, L.P. Corbett, E.J. Dale, D.J. Hamann, J.A. Jones, L.-Y. Liu, D.P. Mason, L. McDougle, S.C. Mendel, L. Miltenberger, H.A. O'Connor, A. Schatteman, G.G. Shaker, C.C. Strawser, C.E. Suarez, S.K. Vaughan, P.C. Weber, M. Wooddell, J.A. Young