The first of its kind, this book describes pediatric palliative care in more than 23 countries. Each region in the world is covered and countries included are both resource poor and rich. Authors are multidisciplinary and regarded nationally and internationally in their field. Clinicians, advocates, policymakers, funders, and researchers will learn how programs were developed and implemented in each country. Authors describe children for whom pediatric palliative care is needed and provided for in their country. When applicable, a brief history of pediatric palliative care is included noting especially policy changes and legislative acts. For example, the chapter on Poland describes how pediatric palliative care grew from the Catholic church into a national movement spearheaded by several health care workers. The Pole national spirit that brought them through a change in political regime has also been a driving force in the pediatric palliative care movement. The chapter on South Africa, for example, illustrates how a resource poor country has been able to leverage philanthropic and government funding to make its dream of having an infrastructure of pediatric palliative care a reality. These are just a few examples of the inspiring stories that are included in this book. Readers from countries who wish to start a pediatric palliative care program, or advance an existing program, will learn valuable lessons from others who have faced similar barriers. Introduction and concluding chapters highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the modern pediatric palliative care movement.

Medulloblastomas in Children, comprised of papers by expert European and American contributors, presents a complete, in-depth review of current knowledge in the field and state of the art treatment methods. The book includes discussions of the biological, epidemiological, and immunological aspects of the disease; diagnostic factors; different treatment modalities; and sequelae in medulloblastoma survivors.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been increasingly diagnosed in recent years and carries with it far reaching social and financial implications. With this in mind, educators, physicians, and parents are searching for the best practices and most effective treatments. But because the symptoms of ASDs span multiple domains (e.g., communication and language, social, behavioral), successfully meeting the needs of a child with autism can be quite challenging. Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism offers an insightful and balanced perspective on topics ranging from the historical underpinnings of autism treatment to the use of psychopharmacology and the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). An evaluation methodology is also offered to reduce the risks and inconsistencies associated with the varying definitions of key autism terminology. This commitment to clearly addressing the complex issues associated with ASDs continues throughout the volume and provides opportunities for further research. Additional issues addressed include: * Behavioral excesses and deficits treatment * Communication treatment * Social awareness and social skills treatment * Dietary, complementary, and alternative treatments * Implementation of EBPs in school settings * Interventions for sensory dysfunction With its holistic and accessible approach, Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism is a vital resource for school psychologists and special education professionals as well as allied mental health professionals, including clinical child and developmental psychologists, psychiatrist, pediatricians, primary care and community providers.

This volume presents a rich account of the development of accreditation and evaluation in 20 European countries. The authors are leaders in the field and they have cooperated in this effort by writing richly different, often deep and insightful analyses of the situation in their country. The two editors have added a synopsis detailing the main trends, and sketching commonalities as well as contrasts in the developments across Europe. The book shows how accreditation is becoming a main mechanism in the steering of higher education all over Europe. The book is unique in its analysis of forces driving towards the spread of different models of accreditation in the emerging European Higher Education area. Readers will obtain an up-to-date picture of the state of affairs of accreditation in the framework of evaluation activities in Europe. They will gain an understanding of why accreditation and evaluation systems have evolved the way they have, and subsequently, they will obtain more realistic views on potentialities for European comparability and cooperation in this area.

This volume is of interest to researchers and policy-making staff in higher education, especially those involved at the level of national systems for quality assurance, accreditation, internationalization and the Bologna process. It is also of interest to Master/PhD students in (higher) education management.

This book is a well-illustrated guide to the iatrogenic effects of orthodontic treatment that provides practical information on orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-treatment retention and highlights preventive measures to avoid complaints and lawsuits. It is divided into three parts, on white spot lesions, periodontal deterioration, and external apical root resorption (EARR). The reader will learn a wide variety of invaluable skills and strategies, such as how to minimize the risk of enamel decalcifications as a result of orthodontic treatment; how to deproteinize the enamel surface and bond brackets with hybrid glass ionomer cement; how to avoid lower incisor proclination and still achieve ideal long-term alignment; and how to apply strategies to minimize orthodontically induced EARR. Iatrogenic Effects of Orthodontic Treatment will be an excellent aid for both orthodontists and pediatric dentists.

This text has been prepared with a view to be simple, practical, concise and easy-to-read for pediatricians, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) residents and fellows using conventional mechanical ventilation for commonly seen conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma, and various cardiovascular and neurological conditions. This book is intended to be a practical resource for pediatric residents, pediatricians, and physicians involved in the care of neonatal and pediatric intensive care patients needing mechanical ventilation. Ventilation technique specifically applicable to neonate or an older child has been indicated wherever necessary Easy-to-read flow diagrams (algorithms) have been used for management of respiratory distress, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), basic mechanical ventilation, and weaning. Noninvasive ventilation modalities such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP), and high flow nasal oxygen have also been included. Newer modes such as high frequency ventilation and common ventilator graphics interpretation have also been included for the reader aspiring to learn the newer and advanced modes of ventilation. A chapter on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been added to make the reader familiar with technology beyond mechanical ventilation to support patients with refractory hypoxemia. A chapter on how to choose a ventilator has also been included as a guide to new units providing care to neonates and children. This book would be helpful to the user in management of common conditions requiring CPAP, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in neonates and older children.

During the past several decades, interest in children's psychological disorders has grown steadily within the research community, resulting in a burgeoning knowledge base. The majority of the attention and funding, not surprisingly, has focused on the more prevalent and well-known conditions. Although this raises the odds that young people with more well-known disorders such as ADHD, autism, and learning disorders will receive much-needed professional assessment and intervention, children with less frequently encountered disorders may experience a higher risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Useful data has been scattered throughout the literature for severe-but-less-frequent childhood psychological disorders, including: fire setting; gender identity disorder; impulse control disorders (i.e., kleptomania, trichotillomania, intermittent explosive disorder); selective mutism; Munchausen by proxy; childhood schizophrenia; gang involvement; sexual offending; self-injurious behavior; and feral children. This concise volume offers up-to-date information on these conditions, which, though relatively rare, may have profound effect not only on the children themselves but also their families, friends, and the community at large. Coverage of each disorder is presented in an accessible format covering:

Overview and history.Description and diagnostic classification, with proposed changes to the DSM-V.Etiology and theory.Assessment tools and interview protocols.Commonly used psychological and pharmacological treatment options.Current research issues and directions for future investigation.

"Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity Psychological Disorders of Childhood" is a must-have reference for researchers, clinicians, practitioners, and graduate students in clinical child and school psychology, pediatrics, psychiatry, social work, school counseling, education, and public policy.

Acute and chronic viral hepatitis infections are serious public health threats around the world. The different infections have different epidemiology and natural his- ries, and children play important roles in each of these. For example, children are important reservoirs for acute hepatitis A, childhood infections are responsible for most of the global morbidity associated with chronic hepatitis B, and perinatal transmission of hepatitis C continues to occur, even as the overall incidence of new infections wanes. Some non-A through E viral hepatitis infections are seen p- dominantly in infants and young children, while others have specific implications for this population. Therapeutic options for children with chronic viral hepatitis are limited when compared to those available for adults, especially for hepatitis B, and considerations given to long-term therapy have dramatic implications when dealing with the long life expectancy of these young patients. With these issues in mind, this unique volume has been created to address the special considerations regarding viral hepatitis in children. It includes the latest information and recommendations specifically directed at the pediatric population, and highlights the knowledge gaps which will need to be filled to improve our understanding of these infections and treatment of this special group. Experienced practitioners from around the world have contributed these reviews, incorporating the latest studies, the current recommendations, and the distinctive pediatric issues that shape clinical care, and will determine the research agenda for this field going forward.

The increase in new medical technology and experimental treatments has made the study of medical ethics essential for practitioners on all levels. This book brings together experts in the fields of pediatric hemotology/oncology, ethics, and law to examine legal and ethical issues surrounding the treatment of children with cancer or blood disease. The contributors present thoughtful discussions of ethical considerations of such practices as bone marrow transplantation, caring for hemophiliacs, preventing sickle cell disease, informing patients of treatment side effects, the statistical design of clinical trials, and the activities of the Institutional Review Board.

Part of the new Core Knowledge in Orthopaedics series, this new resource provides concise and practical coverage of the most essential knowledge in orthopaedics and sports medicine for infants and children. It opens with a review of the differences between the pediatric and adult skeletons, and continues with a chapter covering physical examination techniques for paediatric patients. The book then explores a broad range of individual orthopaedic problems and disorders. Abundant tables, algorithms, and specially designed diagrams assist readers in mastering key concepts quickly and efficiently. Covers all areas of pediatric orthopaedics, including upper and lower extremity disorders, injuries, and deformities * musculoskeletal infections * muscular dystrophy and arthrogryposis * sports medicine * spina bifida * synovial disorders * trauma * cerebral palsy and neuromuscular disorders * and more. Uses concise, bullet-point text with numerous charts, tables, and algorithms to expedite reference. Features a wealth of outstanding illustrations, original drawings, and clinically relevant radiographs. Offers lists of bibliographical sources at the end of each chapter. With 26 additional contributing experts

In just under three decades, the world has witnessed an enormous rise in obesity with a parallel growth in cardiometabolic disease risk factors characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, together known as the metabolic syndrome - conditions previously unheard of in children and adolescents. During this time, we have little knowledge of the global and cumulative detrimental health effects of childhood obesity. As obese children age, not only will their health be negatively affected, but infertility and pregnancy complications associated with the metabolic syndrome will affect generations to come. The work force will undoubtedly be affected because of increased sick days and decreased work productivity. Identifying children and adolescents at the earliest stages of chronic disease onset should be the goal of clinical practice, yet there is no clear guidance for defining the risk of metabolic syndrome or appropriate risk-factor thresholds in these groups. If children are identified early in the disease process, lifestyle and clinical interventions can be instituted when they are potentially more effective. Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome: Comprehensive Clinical Review and Related Health Issues approaches the pediatric metabolic syndrome by elucidating its effects on specific organ systems and by considering the problem through understanding the social, psychological and economic consequences of it. The Editors have recruited an invited group of esteemed experts in the field to provide the most timely and informative approaches on how to deal with this health crisis. Through educating our practitioners, our future researchers, our health and community organizations, our legislators and our families and children, we have the best chance at improving the health trajectory of the next generation.

The impact of child maltreatment on victims, families, and society-from immediate medical care and legal services to long-term mental health care and law enforcement-cannot be understated. And it remains a severe problem in spite of increasing public awareness and stricter laws. To keep up with growing body of professionals staying informed on this subject, the third edition of A Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Child Physical Abuse and Neglect assists the reader in recognizing abuse/neglect (exclusive of sexual abuse) in children and youth, and determining its extent. Illustrated with clinical photographs, the Guide details systematic evaluation procedures, explains the tasks of an evaluation team, and expands and updates the knowledge base in these and other major areas: Specific injuries, including burns, bruises, fractures, and head and abdominal injuries Malnourishment and other forms of neglect Medical child abuse (previously known as Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy) Maltreatment of children with special health care needs Domestic partner violence Prevention strategies, psychosocial assessment, collaborations with law enforcement and the courts, and more The new edition of A Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Child Physical Abuse and Neglect offers expert information useful to practitioners across professional domains: public health professionals in maternal and child health and school settings; physicians and nurses; clinical social workers, child psychologists, and school psychologists; and attorneys and law enforcement personnel.

Adolescence is a pivotal period of development with respect to health and illness. It is during adolescence that many positive health behaviors are consolidated and important health risk behaviors are first evident; thus, adolescence is a logical time period for primary prevention. In addition, the predominant causes of morbidity and mortality in adolescence are quite different from those of adults, indicating that early identification and treatment of adolescent health problems must be directed to a unique set of targets in this age group. Moreover, because of the particular developmental issues that characterize adolescence, intervention efforts designed for adults are often inappropriate or ineffective in an adolescent population. Even when chronic illnesses are congenital or begin in childhood, the manner in which the transition from childhood to adolescence to young adulthood is negotiated has important implications for disease outcomes throughout the remainder of the person's life span. Organized in five major sections (General Issues, Developmental Issues, Treatment and Training, Mental Health, and Physical Health) and 44 chapters, Handbook of Adolescent Health Psychology addresses the common and not so common health issues that tend to affect adolescents. Coverage includes: Context and perspectives in adolescent health psychology Health literacy, health maintenance, and disease prevention in adolescence Physical disorders such as asthma, obesity, physical injury, and chronic pain Psychological disorders such as substance abuse, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and eating disorders Congenital chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes and spina bifida Handbook of Adolescent Health Psychology is the definitive reference for pediatricians, family physicians, health psychologists, clinical social workers, rehabilitation specialists, and all practitioners and researchers working with adolescents."

This book discusses the main milestones of early brain development and the emergence of consciousness, within and outside the mother's environment, with a particular focus on the preterm infant. These insights offer new perspectives on issues concerning fetal pain, awareness in newborns, and the effects of current digital media on the developing infant brain. Among the topics covered: * Brain patterning, neural proliferation, and migration. * The stress of being born and first breaths. * The stream of consciousness. * Parenting and stimulating the brain of the child. * The moral status of the fetus and the infant. Infant Brain Development is an excellent resource for researchers, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students across a variety of disciplines including developmental psychology, pediatrics, neurobiology, neuroscience, obstetrics, nursing and medical ethics. It is written with historic and philosophical remarks of interest for a broad readership. --- "This book is a joy to read for anyone interested in understanding where biology is heading in the 21st century, and it is essential for those who work in child development." Eric Kandel, University Professor, Columbia University, Co-Director, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Nobel Laureate in Medicine 2000 "With the precision of a scientist, the depth of a philosopher, and the heart and sensitivity of a pediatrician, Hugo Lagercrantz weaves a story as readable and engrossing as any mystery novel, linking brain, genes, the environment, and behavior to explain the development of the mind of a newborn. A tour de force!" Patricia K. Kuhl, The Bezos Family Foundation Endowed Chair in Early Childhood Learning, Co-Director, Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington "This book is a noble and valiant effort by Dr. Lagercrantz to explain the immensely complex issue of normal and pathological development of the human brain in simple terms that are accessible to the general public." Pasko Rakic, Duberg Professor of Neuroscience and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine

This concise textbook of pediatric surgery is designed to guide the reader logically from symptoms and signs to diagnosis and treatment. Each chapter is devoted to one of 35 key symptoms and signs, which are organized according to six body regions: head, neck, chest, abdomen, urogenital system, and back. In each case, a brief assessment of the presenting sign/symptom and differential diagnosis is followed by discussion of occurrence, clinical presentation and significance, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and prognosis. Informative tables, illustrations, and up-to-date references are included throughout. Readers will also have access to an e-learning tool developed in collaboration with the Institute of Medical Education, University of Bern, which highlights the characteristics of pediatric surgical disorders and their treatment and includes clinical, radiological, and intraoperative images.

Psychiatric disorders in adolescents are an important social problem which is relevant to almost all healthcare professionals. According to the results of The National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), the lifetime prevalence of anxiety, behavior, mood, and substance use disorders among adolescents was 31.9%, 19.1%, 14.3%, and 11.4%, respectively. Approximately 40% of participants in this survey with one class of disorder also met criteria for another class of lifetime disorder. Comorbidity is increasingly recognized as a key feature of mental disorders among adolescents. Female adolescents are more likely than males to have mood and anxiety disorders, but less likely to have behavioral and substance use disorders. Regretfully, medical professionals are not sufficiently trained about adolescent psychiatric disorders. For example, primary care providers correctly identify less than a fourth of youth with a depressive or anxiety disorder. Also, many clinicians underestimate the importance of the problem of adolescent psychiatric illnesses and suicidal behavior. Lack of skilled medical providers impedes the delivery of needed services to adolescents with mental health issues. This coupled with a lag in the ability of primary health care services to incorporate psychiatric interventions, and a failure of public health initiatives to pay attention to adolescent mental health problems has led to continuing gaps in care over decades despite the public pronouncements of needs. In this book you will find relevant information for health professionals, since we believe that the mental health of adolescents is essential for sustaining healthy and productive societies.

State-of-the-art Wellknown experts Collection of papers on one topic The contributions in this volume cover recent advances and changing concepts on diagnosis and treatment of resistant epilepsy in children. Topics treated are new insights on mechanisms of epileptogenesis in developing brain, multimodality imaging in pediatric intractable epilepsy, pediatric intractable epilepsy syndromes, pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy surgery, critical review of palliative surgical techniques for intractable epilepsy, treatment modalities for intractable epilepsy in hypothalamic hemartomas, contemporary management of epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis.

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This book describes the effects that different kinds of epilepsy in children can have on the child's behavior and cognitive development. It is mainly based on the authors' extensive studies over many years. These are described in the book, together with the available diagnostic methods and therapies. It is written so that the various professionals dealing with such children (pediatricians, neurologists, psychologists) can see their contribution and have a general view of the complex interrelation between medical psychological and educational problems in these children.

This book is intended to communicate current best practice in pediatric clinical pharmacology and clinical pharmacy with special consideration of the prevailing circumstances and most pressing needs in developing countries. It also addresses measures that may be taken in countries with emerging economies through organizational and political adjustments to reduce unacceptable levels of morbidity and mortality among children and pregnant women with treatable diseases.

Paediatrics: A Clinical Guide for Nurse Practitioners is a concise, pragmatic and clinically focused text that outlines important components to be considered when assessing and managing health problems among infants, children and adolescents. It provides nurse practitioners with information that has immediate relevance to their practice in paediatrics, and brings together the expertise of advanced paediatric nurse practitioners, paediatric specialist nurses, and other paediatric professionals. Part One (Clinical Issues in Paediatrics) contains practical information pertaining to a variety of subjects that are intrinsic to paediatric advanced nursing practice. Part Two (Common Paediatric Problems) outlines the clinical assessment, diagnosis and management of ambulatory conditions that are often encountered, assessed and/or managed by nurse practitioners. This will be a 'bible' for competent practise.Quick reference format that is easy to read and ideally suited as a paediatric guideline text in busy clinical areas 'Paediatric Pearls' that highlight important information and key tips for each topic An overview of the important paediatric issues for the generically trained nurse practitioner A special section on care of the adolescent The clinical expertise of over 50 contributors addressing ambulatory paediatric complaints

This book offers a systematical, concise approach to a joint pediatric radiological sign of various diseases in the major body system. Each chapter starts with those signs concerned with the newborn period, continues through infancy and childhood to adolescence. It encompasses the congenital anomalies, inflammatory diseases, vascular disorders, tumors and metabolic diseases. The disease entities are arranged in an alphabetical order.

The book is intended for the physician in Pediatric-Imaging or in General-Imaging, as well as for those in Pediatrics and its subspecialties. It may be of help to residents in the various professions who are confronted with their board examination. Medical students, in their clinical training, may also find assistance in making use of this reference guide.

This volume covers topics in infectious diseases in children and is intended for Pediatric Infectious Disease trainees, trainers, and all those who manage children with infections. There is a balance of clinical basic science. In response to numerous requests, additional tropical topics are covered in some depth. As in previous volumes, the emphasis is on hot topics of clinical relevance delivered by world class speakers.

There has been a significant increase in the prevalence of certain chronic disorders among children and adolescents. For example, health experts warn of an epidemic of diabetes mellitus due to an increase in the sedentary life style and poor nutrition of children. There are many questions still to be addressed in the study of chronic disorders among children and adolescents.What are the risk factors associated with chronic diseases in these populations?What are the major complications that contribute to disability and increased health care utilization and costs? What impact do chronic diseases have on the psychosocial development? What are the most effective diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies? How can patient education and self-management activities be improved to help children and adolescents improve compliance with treatment regimens? How can parents and other family members become more involved in assessment and management? In what ways can peers, schools, religious institutions, and other organizations help children and adolescent scope with their chronic disease? This book addresses these questions by focusing on how eight chronic disorders affect health care utilization, costs, coping, and health outcomes in children and adolescents.Research studies are used to illustrate wide range of topics from the epidemiology of chronic diseases in children and adolescents, health care utilization and costs, to treatment outcomes, disability, and family processes.Case studies from a clinical psychologist's private practice are used to clarify major psychosocial issues underlying chronic diseases in these populations. Chapter One analyzes the epidemiology of eight chronic conditions in children and adolescents. Data on the prevalence of diseases and associated risk factors are stressed in this chapter. Health care planners can use these analyses to improve primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention through more effective uses of health care resources. Chapter Two examines the latest information on health care utilization and costs for children and adolescents that can point to a more efficient means of reducing the rising health care costs associated with the treatment of chronic diseases.

In the remaining chapters, the eight chronic diseases are evaluated in terms of five major issues. First, the latest trends in complications associated with each chronic condition are explored.Second, the impact of each disease on disability and psychosocial development of children and adolescents are analyzed. Third, recent research findings on diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies are discussed. Fourth, new trends in patient education and self-management are presented. Fifth, each chapter will assess the role of family, peers, schools, and other organizations in helping children and adolescents cope with their chronic disorders. Dr. Mark L. Goldstein, a clinical psychologist, reviews the literature and uses composite case studies from his practice to illustrate the impact of these trends on how children and adolescents manage chronic disease.The information in this book will be relevant to a wide range of professionals and students in the fields of pediatrics, medicine, nursing, public health, mental health, social work, education, health administration, health policy, and social sciences."

Aggressive behavior among children and adolescents has confounded parents and perplexed professionals-especially those tasked with its treatment and prevention-for countless years. As baffling as these behaviors are, however, recent advances in neuroscience focusing on brain development have helped to make increasing sense of their complexity.

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Focusing on their most prevalent forms, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder, "Disruptive Behavior Disorders" advances the understanding of DBD on a number of significant fronts. Its neurodevelopmental emphasis within an ecological approach offers links between brain structure and function and critical environmental influences and the development of these specific disorders. The book's findings and theories help to differentiate DBD within the contexts of normal development, non-pathological misbehavior and non-DBD forms of pathology. Throughout these chapters are myriad implications for accurate identification, effective intervention and future cross-disciplinary study.

Key issues covered include:

Gene-environment interaction models.Neurobiological processes and brain functions.Callous-unemotional traits and developmental pathways.Relationships between gender and DBD.Multiple pathways of familial transmission.

"Disruptive Behavior Disorders" is a groundbreaking resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners and graduate students in clinical child and school psychology, psychiatry, educational psychology, prevention science, child mental health care, developmental psychology and social work.

Multidisciplinary and trans-cultural ...

This book provides an up-to-date review of the current state of care, treatment and prevention in child and adolescent mental health from multidisciplinary and trans-cultural perspectives. Systems of care, services and interventions in selected parts of the world are described by leading experts with a focus on

the current status of services in the respective parts of the world

the major needs and deficits in identifying mental health problems in children and adolescents (awareness and diagnosis)

the major needs in treatment, care and prevention

realistic proposals on how to improve the situation of children and adolescents who suffer from, or are at risk for, mental health problems.

In addition, the major principles and strategies of treatment and intervention are described, on an empirical basis, using a selected number of treatment approaches and treatment settings as examples.

Finally, the possibilities, strategies and limitations of early detection and prevention are reviewed with the aim of improving the living conditions of children and families in need of mental health support.

... a valuable resource for mental health workers all over the world