Starting with historical, epidemiological and sociocultural issues, this book presents clinical and molecular biological aspects of pediatric infectious diseases. The text offers new insights into the pathogenesis of infection, and updates on diagnostics, prevention and treatment of pediatric viral, fungal and bacterial diseases, as well as emerging new pathogens. The book will interest an interdisciplinary audience of clinicians and non-clinicians: pediatricians, infectious disease researchers, virologists, microbiologists and more.

Fully revised, this second edition presents trainees with the latest guidance on preparation for OSCE examinations. Comprised of fourteen chapters, the book covers all the key learning points and provides an understanding of the basic concepts behind the OSCE and advice on appropriate response. The new edition includes many new cases and covers numerous topics including genetics, neurology, drugs and vaccines, neonatology, cardiovascular system, endocrinology and much more. Enhanced by nearly 240 clinical photographs and illustrations, the book also includes multiple choice questions to help students prepare for MRCPCH and US Specialty Board examinations. Key points Fully revised, new edition providing guidance on preparation for OSCE examinations Includes multiple choice questions to help revision for MRCPCH and US Specialty Board exams Enhanced by nearly 240 clinical photographs and illustrations Previous edition (9789350251553) published in 2010

This handbook describes evidence-based methods of assessing psychological, educational, behavioral, and developmental problems in children and adolescents. It provides state-of-the-art analyses of leading assessment tools and methods. Chapters provide an overview of childhood assessment issues, diagnostic classification systems, interviewing and report writing, traditional assessment tools and methods, such as Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA). In addition, chapters address daily living, academic, and social skills, commonly encountered psychological conditions, and developmental disorders, reviewing definitions and etiology, history of assessment and diagnosis, possible comorbid conditions, and current measures and procedures. The handbook also covers specific childhood disorders that often present assessment challenges in children, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, mood disorders, pain, and feeding and eating disorders. Topics featured in this handbook include: Adaptive and developmental behavior scales. Diagnostic classification systems and how to apply them to childhood problems and disorders. Intelligence testing and its use in childhood psychological assessment. Assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in persons with developmental disabilities. Self-Injurious behavior in children. Prevalence and assessment of common sleep problems in children. The Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Assessment is an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, clinicians, and related therapists and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, pediatrics, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, child and adolescent psychiatry, and special education.

This book will provide both an evidence base and practical recommendations for the treatment of patients with congenital heart disease. It will be a resource to all health care providers, including pediatric cardiologists, pediatric intensivists, pediatric heart surgeons, fetal specialists, maternal fetal medicine specialists, neonatologists, nurses, advanced practice nurses, in addition to trainees in the field. It will summarize world knowledge on the topic of heart failure in patients with congenital heart disease. It will provide an in depth analysis of the current methods of diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. Now that surgical results are at record success rates, more patients with congenital heart disease are surviving, and thus at risk for sequelae from their disease, including heart failure. It will provide evidence based and practical recommendations to the practitioner for the management of heart failure signs and symptoms.

This comprehensive volume provides current state of the art of the use of corticosteroids in the pediatric patient. It consists of 14 chapters written by leading authors from different countries. The first chapters cover historical notes, general concepts on treatment with corticosteroids with regard to indications and side effects, and basic pharmacologic properties of these compounds. The rest of the book is devoted to the specific use of steroids in the different pediatric subspecialties. Despite advances with newer effective immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids still remain the mainstay of therapy for many disorders. Leading authors in their field have summarized these concepts to provide an authoritative, comprehensive guide to help clinicians safely and effectively use corticosteroids in their pediatric patients.

This book offers a systematical, concised approach to a joint pediatric radiological sign of various diseases in the major body system. Each chapter starts with those signs concerned with the newborn period, continues through infancy and childhood to adolescence. It encompasses the congenital anomalies, inflammatory diseases, vascular disorders, tumors and metabolic diseases. The disease entities are arranged in an alphabetical order. The book is intended for the physician in Pediatric-Imaging or in General-Imaging, as well as for those in Pediatrics and its subspecialties. It may be of help to residents in the various professions who are confronted with their board examination. Medical students, in their clinical training, may also find assistance in making use of this reference guide.

A concise clinical reference that facilitates the diagnosis of intrauterine and perinatally acquired infections was the goal in creating the Congenital and Perinatal Infections: A Concise Guide to Diagnosis. Information about the natural history, m- agement, and outcome of these infections is well detailed in many other sources and so has not been included. Rather, the focus of the book is diagnosis. The initial chapters provide general information about serological and nonserological assays that are used for the diagnosis of infections, and a chapter about the placenta includes details about histopathological findings that can be helpful with the diagnosis of congenital inf- tions. The remainder of the book is devoted to the diagnosis of specific congenital and/ or perinatal infections. As illustrated in the chapters about specific infections, the approach to diagnosis of a congenital or perinatally acquired infection in the neonate begins, when possible, with consideration and diagnosis of infection in the pregnant woman, knowledge of how the infection is transmitted, and the risk of that infection for the woman and her fetus or neonate. The possibility of congenital or perinatal infection in neonates is usually considered because of the diagnosis of, or concern about a s- cific infection in, a mother during pregnancy that can be transmitted to the neonate or because of clinical findings in the neonate at birth that suggest an infectious cause.

Course covers topics in infectious diseases in children and is intended for Pediatric Infectious disease trainees, trainers, and all those who manage children with infections.

Each of the chapters in this book is based on a lecture given at the sixth "Infection and Immunity in Children" course, held at the end of June 2008 at Keble College, Oxford.

Thus, it is the sixth book in a series that provides succinct and readable updates on just about every aspect of the discipline of Pediatric Infectious Diseases.

This book is an organized approach to understanding bone growth and disease. It integrates anatomic and radiologic knowledge of enchondral and membranous bone growth and emphasizes the similarities of the physis and acrophysis in development. The artwork, jointly produced by artist and author, illustrates the concepts described. The identification of abnormality is aided by the explanations of the causes in terms of pattern recognition.

Here's a comprehensive, pocket-sized resource for the care of full-term newborns. It provides guidance on well-baby development, monitoring the newborn, non-acute disease management, patient education, and more. Concise and convenient, this is the perfect reference for anyone who cares for babies in the first hours of life. Presents cutting-edge chapters on prenatal diagnosis, screening, and genetics. Speeds information gathering with extensive charts and tables, procedures, laboratory observations and other essential data collected in appendices. Expedites access to vital information with a bulleted outline format. Offers relevant tables on cultural and religious considerations affecting care of the newborn. Enhances favorite figures to make visual information easier access. Adds Fast Facts, Pearls and Pitfalls and expert opinions to give you authority in a flash.

Medulloblastomas in Children, comprised of papers by expert European and American contributors, presents a complete, in-depth review of current knowledge in the field and state of the art treatment methods. The book includes discussions of the biological, epidemiological, and immunological aspects of the disease; diagnostic factors; different treatment modalities; and sequelae in medulloblastoma survivors.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been increasingly diagnosed in recent years and carries with it far reaching social and financial implications. With this in mind, educators, physicians, and parents are searching for the best practices and most effective treatments. But because the symptoms of ASDs span multiple domains (e.g., communication and language, social, behavioral), successfully meeting the needs of a child with autism can be quite challenging. Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism offers an insightful and balanced perspective on topics ranging from the historical underpinnings of autism treatment to the use of psychopharmacology and the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). An evaluation methodology is also offered to reduce the risks and inconsistencies associated with the varying definitions of key autism terminology. This commitment to clearly addressing the complex issues associated with ASDs continues throughout the volume and provides opportunities for further research. Additional issues addressed include: * Behavioral excesses and deficits treatment * Communication treatment * Social awareness and social skills treatment * Dietary, complementary, and alternative treatments * Implementation of EBPs in school settings * Interventions for sensory dysfunction With its holistic and accessible approach, Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism is a vital resource for school psychologists and special education professionals as well as allied mental health professionals, including clinical child and developmental psychologists, psychiatrist, pediatricians, primary care and community providers.

This volume presents a rich account of the development of accreditation and evaluation in 20 European countries. The authors are leaders in the field and they have cooperated in this effort by writing richly different, often deep and insightful analyses of the situation in their country. The two editors have added a synopsis detailing the main trends, and sketching commonalities as well as contrasts in the developments across Europe. The book shows how accreditation is becoming a main mechanism in the steering of higher education all over Europe. The book is unique in its analysis of forces driving towards the spread of different models of accreditation in the emerging European Higher Education area. Readers will obtain an up-to-date picture of the state of affairs of accreditation in the framework of evaluation activities in Europe. They will gain an understanding of why accreditation and evaluation systems have evolved the way they have, and subsequently, they will obtain more realistic views on potentialities for European comparability and cooperation in this area.

This volume is of interest to researchers and policy-making staff in higher education, especially those involved at the level of national systems for quality assurance, accreditation, internationalization and the Bologna process. It is also of interest to Master/PhD students in (higher) education management.

The first of its kind, this book describes pediatric palliative care in more than 23 countries. Each region in the world is covered and countries included are both resource poor and rich. Authors are multidisciplinary and regarded nationally and internationally in their field. Clinicians, advocates, policymakers, funders, and researchers will learn how programs were developed and implemented in each country. Authors describe children for whom pediatric palliative care is needed and provided for in their country. When applicable, a brief history of pediatric palliative care is included noting especially policy changes and legislative acts. For example, the chapter on Poland describes how pediatric palliative care grew from the Catholic church into a national movement spearheaded by several health care workers. The Pole national spirit that brought them through a change in political regime has also been a driving force in the pediatric palliative care movement. The chapter on South Africa, for example, illustrates how a resource poor country has been able to leverage philanthropic and government funding to make its dream of having an infrastructure of pediatric palliative care a reality. These are just a few examples of the inspiring stories that are included in this book. Readers from countries who wish to start a pediatric palliative care program, or advance an existing program, will learn valuable lessons from others who have faced similar barriers. Introduction and concluding chapters highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the modern pediatric palliative care movement.

This book is a well-illustrated guide to the iatrogenic effects of orthodontic treatment that provides practical information on orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-treatment retention and highlights preventive measures to avoid complaints and lawsuits. It is divided into three parts, on white spot lesions, periodontal deterioration, and external apical root resorption (EARR). The reader will learn a wide variety of invaluable skills and strategies, such as how to minimize the risk of enamel decalcifications as a result of orthodontic treatment; how to deproteinize the enamel surface and bond brackets with hybrid glass ionomer cement; how to avoid lower incisor proclination and still achieve ideal long-term alignment; and how to apply strategies to minimize orthodontically induced EARR. Iatrogenic Effects of Orthodontic Treatment will be an excellent aid for both orthodontists and pediatric dentists.

Acute and chronic viral hepatitis infections are serious public health threats around the world. The different infections have different epidemiology and natural his- ries, and children play important roles in each of these. For example, children are important reservoirs for acute hepatitis A, childhood infections are responsible for most of the global morbidity associated with chronic hepatitis B, and perinatal transmission of hepatitis C continues to occur, even as the overall incidence of new infections wanes. Some non-A through E viral hepatitis infections are seen p- dominantly in infants and young children, while others have specific implications for this population. Therapeutic options for children with chronic viral hepatitis are limited when compared to those available for adults, especially for hepatitis B, and considerations given to long-term therapy have dramatic implications when dealing with the long life expectancy of these young patients. With these issues in mind, this unique volume has been created to address the special considerations regarding viral hepatitis in children. It includes the latest information and recommendations specifically directed at the pediatric population, and highlights the knowledge gaps which will need to be filled to improve our understanding of these infections and treatment of this special group. Experienced practitioners from around the world have contributed these reviews, incorporating the latest studies, the current recommendations, and the distinctive pediatric issues that shape clinical care, and will determine the research agenda for this field going forward.

The increase in new medical technology and experimental treatments has made the study of medical ethics essential for practitioners on all levels. This book brings together experts in the fields of pediatric hemotology/oncology, ethics, and law to examine legal and ethical issues surrounding the treatment of children with cancer or blood disease. The contributors present thoughtful discussions of ethical considerations of such practices as bone marrow transplantation, caring for hemophiliacs, preventing sickle cell disease, informing patients of treatment side effects, the statistical design of clinical trials, and the activities of the Institutional Review Board.

Is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the most prevalent neuropsychiatric label in childhood, a valid medical condition? Should we really refer to the millions of children diagnosed with ADHD as children who suffer from the 'diabetes of psychiatry' - a chronic and harmful biological condition that must be treated regularly with powerful psychoactive substances? Building on previous critiques, this thorough, elegant, and mainly courageous book answers these questions through a step-by-step rebuttal of the scientific consensus about ADHD and its first-line treatment with stimulant medications.While maintaining scientific rigor, this book is written in a clear, creative, and flowing way, using colorful examples - some funny, some tragic - which sweep the reader and inspire social change. The book integrates key critiques into one consolidated source, uncovers massive evidence against the efficacy and safety of stimulant medications, and offers principal solutions to this burning socio-educational problem. But most importantly, this book reviews dozens of reliability and validity gaps in the overriding biomedical consensus. It exposes multiple biases and non-parsimonious bandages (unjustified rationalizations) aimed at hiding the scientific holes of the consensus and it redefines ADHD as a non-pathological quality/mode-of-thought that has both weaknesses and strengths. In this way, the book serves as the missing needle required to pierce the over-blown theoretical balloon commonly known as ADHD.

Part of the new Core Knowledge in Orthopaedics series, this new resource provides concise and practical coverage of the most essential knowledge in orthopaedics and sports medicine for infants and children. It opens with a review of the differences between the pediatric and adult skeletons, and continues with a chapter covering physical examination techniques for paediatric patients. The book then explores a broad range of individual orthopaedic problems and disorders. Abundant tables, algorithms, and specially designed diagrams assist readers in mastering key concepts quickly and efficiently. Covers all areas of pediatric orthopaedics, including upper and lower extremity disorders, injuries, and deformities * musculoskeletal infections * muscular dystrophy and arthrogryposis * sports medicine * spina bifida * synovial disorders * trauma * cerebral palsy and neuromuscular disorders * and more. Uses concise, bullet-point text with numerous charts, tables, and algorithms to expedite reference. Features a wealth of outstanding illustrations, original drawings, and clinically relevant radiographs. Offers lists of bibliographical sources at the end of each chapter. With 26 additional contributing experts

In just under three decades, the world has witnessed an enormous rise in obesity with a parallel growth in cardiometabolic disease risk factors characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, together known as the metabolic syndrome - conditions previously unheard of in children and adolescents. During this time, we have little knowledge of the global and cumulative detrimental health effects of childhood obesity. As obese children age, not only will their health be negatively affected, but infertility and pregnancy complications associated with the metabolic syndrome will affect generations to come. The work force will undoubtedly be affected because of increased sick days and decreased work productivity. Identifying children and adolescents at the earliest stages of chronic disease onset should be the goal of clinical practice, yet there is no clear guidance for defining the risk of metabolic syndrome or appropriate risk-factor thresholds in these groups. If children are identified early in the disease process, lifestyle and clinical interventions can be instituted when they are potentially more effective. Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome: Comprehensive Clinical Review and Related Health Issues approaches the pediatric metabolic syndrome by elucidating its effects on specific organ systems and by considering the problem through understanding the social, psychological and economic consequences of it. The Editors have recruited an invited group of esteemed experts in the field to provide the most timely and informative approaches on how to deal with this health crisis. Through educating our practitioners, our future researchers, our health and community organizations, our legislators and our families and children, we have the best chance at improving the health trajectory of the next generation.

This concise textbook of pediatric surgery is designed to guide the reader logically from symptoms and signs to diagnosis and treatment. Each chapter is devoted to one of 35 key symptoms and signs, which are organized according to six body regions: head, neck, chest, abdomen, urogenital system, and back. In each case, a brief assessment of the presenting sign/symptom and differential diagnosis is followed by discussion of occurrence, clinical presentation and significance, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and prognosis. Informative tables, illustrations, and up-to-date references are included throughout. Readers will also have access to an e-learning tool developed in collaboration with the Institute of Medical Education, University of Bern, which highlights the characteristics of pediatric surgical disorders and their treatment and includes clinical, radiological, and intraoperative images.