Using data from a wide selection of states including EU members and the US, this new work on media regulation analyses and compares developments across the telecommunications and broadcasting sectors. Using national studies, the book examines the ability of the law and other regulatory techniques to influence such a rapidly changing area. It exposes clearly the regulatory choices that are being made to control the so-called 'new media', including the internet, as well as examining the methods used to govern the more conventional media.

Telecommunication is, and always has been, a political technology, as the timely flow of information is a vital instrument of power. This book examines the political history of telecommunications between 1851, the year the first telegraph cable linked France and Britain, and the end of World War II. Headrick argues that telecommunication gives people options, not orders. During periods of peace, cables and radio were, as many had predicted, instruments of peace; in times of tension, they became instruments of politics, tools for rival interests, and weapons of war. the book illuminates the political aspects of information technology: the speed of telegraphy, which could diffuse conflicts in far-flung empires, but which also hastened the deterioration of diplomacy on the brink of the First World War; the broad coverage of radio, which increased public knowledge and public pressure on governments, and consequently the political interest in controlling news; and the security of telecommunications, which made communications strategy, communications intelligence, and cryptography decisive tools during the two World Wars.

The Vaqueiros de Alzada, a cattle-herding people in the Asturian mountains of Spain, have one of the highest suicide rates in Europe--and an attitude toward death that gives this statistic unusual meaning. "This World, Other Worlds" considers death among the Vaqueiros as a central cultural fact which reveals local ideas about the origin and destiny of humans, the relations of humans and animals, the configuration of the universe, and the nature of society. Interested chiefly in the conceptual and meaningful aspects of death, Maria Catedra focuses on the cultural resources with which the Vaqueiros confront their own mortality--how they experience death and what this reveals about the way they see this world and other worlds.
Applying sensitive ethnographic insight to a rich body of oral testimony, Catedra discloses an unsuspected symbolic universe native to the Vaqueiros. Death is seen here in close, coherent relation to pain, age, and suffering; sickness and suicide, one must understand the cultural valuation of different ways of dying and the conditions under which suicides take place. To understand what it means to be a Vaqueiro is to understand how suicide can be perceived by a people as acceptable.
A groundbreaking work in European ethnography, "This World, Other Worlds" takes symbolic analysis to a new level. In its illumination of local conceptions of death, grace, and sainthood, the book also makes a substantial contribution to the anthropology of religion.

This text sets out general principles that underlie the design of sound, effective incentive regulation in the telecommunications industry and illustrates how these principles can be put into practice in selected settings.

During this century, telecommunications have been revolutionized by the advent of transistors and integrated circuits, solid state lasers, global satellites and optical fibres. As we enter the next century and the next millennium, this technological revolution is set to speed up. Advances will be shaped by many factors: technological breakthroughs, market forces, politics, economics, regulations. More importantly they will be shaped by human and social factors, and the success or failure of products and services will largely be driven by consumer demand. The potential of today's developments suggests incredible possibilities, but many of these may never be realized. This illuminating look at the future attempts to distinguish between what will become reality and what will remain hypothetical and focuses on those developments that are the most probable. This is not a book of visionary ideals, but a practical view of the next century of telecommunication.

The Nigerian telecommunications industry has continued to grow in a phenomenal manner following market liberalization reforms that commenced in the 1990s. As of 2017, the telecommunications industry was one of the fastest-growing economic sectors in Nigeria and the fourth largest contributor to the country's Gross Domestic Product. The telecommunications industry, however, remains a highly technical and naturally dynamic industry that has not been a usual area for legal research in developing countries such as Nigeria. This book bridges that gap in knowledge by providing an analysis of the legal and policy instruments that regulate the industry. It comprises eleven chapters that discuss the historical evolution of telecommunications and its regulation; the development of the Nigerian telecommunications industry from 1886 to 2017; the legal basis for the regulation of the industry; the licensing and duties of service providers; the regulation of network infrastructure; the protection of consumers; the regulation of competition, interconnection, universal access, and environmental protection; and the resolution of industry disputes. This book will be useful to policy makers, legislators, regulators, lawyers, law students, investors, operators, and consumers, as well as any person interested in the Nigerian telecommunications industry.

Bringing together experts on such countries as Bahrain, India, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and the Yemen Arab Republic, this book provides a comprehensive view of what each individual country is doing to build a telecommunications capability. The contributors also address the complicated economic and policy issues of each country's telecommunications. The editor, Eli Noam, is an internationally known authority on telecommunications, and this book is the latest in a group of similar works that survey telecommunications in major regions of the world. This work will appeal to students and professors of telecommunications, international telecommunications companies, and country governments in Western Asia.

This book provides a comprehensive view of what individual Latin American countries are doing to build a telecommunications capability. Covering such countries as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela, the contributors address the complicated economic and policy issues of each nation's telecommunications. The editor and his staff have skillfully integrated the chapters into a coherent volume, keeping the information accessible to non-specialists. Underlying the book is the theme that telecommunications is an essential infrastructure necessary for successful economic development. This work will appeal to students and professors of telecommunications, international telecommunications companies, and country governments in Latin America.

In The Politics of Postal Transformation Robert Campbell investigates and analyses the most important policy innovations in recent years as countries struggle to create a postal regime that matches domestic political expectations with international and technological realities. Through extensive interviews with numerous key government, regulatory, postal, and union officials in North America, Europe, and Australasia, he identifies four models or strategies, each reflecting particular national characteristics and ambitions: from privatization (Netherlands, Germany) and deregulation (Finland, Sweden, New Zealand) to increased national support (France) and mixed strategies (UK, Australia). Campbell's comparative analysis provides a backdrop for a set of recommendations for policy-makers and lays the foundation for informed speculation about future international postal developments and the possible domination of the system by a select group of postal behemoths.

Every year, the U.S. Postal Service produces the National ZIP Code Directory to accommodate the constantly changing geographical make-up of the United States. This 2013 edition contains all the essential information you need to get your mail where it needs to go-including updated information on new residential numbers, new street names, and new ZIP Codes. Published in two comprehensive volumes, the National ZIP Code Directory is designed to be easy to use, accurate, and up-to-date. In addition to ZIP Code listings, Volume 1 contains helpful instructions on how to find ZIP Codes in the Directory and how to properly address your mailings. Volume 2 contains useful information on symbol abbreviations, mail services, classes of mail, and much more.

The postal sector is a multi-billion dollar set of activities that touches billions of lives daily and continues to be one of the world's largest employers. Until recently all Posts were monopolies owned by governments in order to maintain a universal postal service. However, in response to technological and international competition as well as public disenchantment with postal subsidies and inefficiencies, governments have embraced a range of new strategies. In The Politics of Postal Transformation Robert Campbell investigates and analyses the most important policy innovations in recent years as countries struggle to create a postal regime that matches domestic political expectations with international and technological realities. Through extensive interviews with numerous key government, regulatory, postal, and union officials in North America, Europe, and Australasia, he identifies four models or strategies, each reflecting particular national characteristics and ambitions: from privatization (Netherlands, Germany) and deregulation (Finland, Sweden, New Zealand) to increased national support (France) and mixed strategies (UK, Australia). Campbell's comparative analysis provides a backdrop for a set of recommendations for policy-makers and lays the foundation for informed speculation about future international postal developments and the possible domination of the system by a select group of postal behemoths.

From the turn of the twentieth century in interior Alaska, dog team mail carriers were charged with maintaining the trail systems and carrying the mail, until they were replaced in the late 1930s and '40s by airplane mail service. With the advent and widespread adoption of aviation, many of the trails were abandoned, and a generation of rural Alaskans has now grown up with few ties to the overland trail system that supported their grandparents and inspired modern traditions such as the world-famous Iditarod Race. In addition to chronicling the history of this unique postal service, "On Time Delivery" pays tribute to the men who carried the mail and the families who supported them, while also considering the changing nature of how people experience the country where they live - and how this is affected by the systems of communication and transportation on which they depend.

Restrictions on foreign investment in US telecommunications firms have harmed the interests of American consumers and investors, argues the author of this study. He seeks to show why these restrictions, originally intended to protect America from the perils of wireless telegraphy by foreign agents, should be repealed. Basing his analysis on legislative history, statutory and constitutional interpretation, and finance and trade theory, Sidak demonstrates that these restrictions no longer serve their national security purpose. Instead they deny American consumers lower prices and more robust innovation, hamper access of American investors to foreign telecommunications markets, and unconstitutionally impinge on freedom of speech. The study encompasses the Telecommunications Act of 1996, recent global mergers such as British Telecom-MCI, and the 1997 World Trade Organization agreement to liberalize trade in telecommunications services.

Alaska is now open to civilization. With those six words in 1900, the northernmost territory finally had a connection with the rest of the country. The telegraph system put in place by the US Army Signal Corps heralded the start of Alaska's communication network. Yet, as hopeful as that message was, Alaska faced decades of infrastructure challenges as remote locations, extreme weather, and massive distances all contributed to less-than-ideal conditions for establishing reliable telecommunications. Connecting Alaskans tells the unique history of providing radio, television, phone, and Internet services to more than six hundred thousand square miles. It is a history of a place where military needs often trumped civilian ones, where ham radios offered better connections than telephone lines, and where television shows aired an entire day later than in the rest of the country. Heather E. Hudson covers more than a century of successes while clearly explaining the connection problems still faced by remote communities today. Her comprehensive history is perfect for anyone interested in telecommunications technology and history, and she provides an important template for policy makers, rural communities, and developing countries struggling to develop their own twenty-first-century infrastructure.

Identifying a form of government intervention in social and economic affairs called public service liberalism, Alan Stone looks to that ideology to confront the problems of the 1990s and beyond. He shows in this fascinating case study that the policy has been effective in the past: the American telephone industry from its inception until 1934 is an illustration of how public service liberalism served both economic efficiency and a complex structure of public values. Stone depicts the stages by which public service liberalism was replaced by less adequate policies and suggests ways that it could be successfully restored. Furthermore, Stone demonstrates that government-business relationships like the one that prevailed in the telephone industry were common in the nineteenth and the early twentieth century. He argues that this period was not an era of laissez-faire, as is often alleged, but that its economic energy and extraordinary technological progress were accompanied by complete acceptance of certain kinds of government intervention. Challenging the presuppositions not only of the new ideologists of deregulation, privatization, and competition but also of the practitioners of what he calls the "sanctimonious muddle" of present-day liberalism, Stone demonstrates that public service liberalism could help resolve current problems, such as those in the savings and loan institutions and the cable television industry. Originally published in 1991. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

When three deaf men in the 1960s invented and sold TTYs, the first teletypewriting devices that allowed deaf people to communicate by telephone, they started a telecommunications revolution for deaf people throughout America. "A New Civil Right: Telecommunications Equality for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Americans" chronicles the history of this movement, which lagged behind new technical developments decades after the advent of TTYs.
In this highly original work, Author Karen Peltz Strauss reveals how the paternalism of the hearing-oriented telecommunications industries slowed support for technology for deaf users. Throughout this comprehensive account, she emphasizes the grassroots efforts behind all of the eventual successes. "A New Civil Right" recounts each advance in turn, such as the pursuit of special customer premises equipment (SCPE) from telephone companies; the Telecommunications Act of 1982 and the Telecommunications Accessibility Enhancement Act of 1988 and the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act, which required nationwide relay telephone services for deaf and hard of hearing users.
Strauss painstakingly details how all of these advances occurred incrementally, first on local and state levels, and later through federal law. It took exhaustive campaigning to establish 711 for nationwide relay dialing, while universal access to television captioning required diligent legal and legislative work to pass the Decoder Circuitry Act in 1990. The same persistence resulted in the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, which required all off-the-shelf communications equipment, including new wireless technology, to be readily accessible to deaf users.