More than four decades have passed since surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was discovered. In today's world SERS has been established as a plasmon-based spectroscopy with ultra-high sensitivity and versatility at the forefront of the developments in plasmonics. SERS has been developing with the advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The "SERS world" has grown up markedly for the last 20 years or so, and recently the wider concept of, plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy was born. Plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy contains not only SERS but also tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS), surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA), surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF), and more. Through these novel spectroscopies various amazing properties of plasmons have become known, providing new exciting research fields. One of the main purposes of the book is to convey the enthusiastic discussion on plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy at the symposium to the scientific community. This book reports leading-edge advances in the theory of plasmonic enhancement and application of plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy to biology, chemistry, physics, materials science, and medicine. Many books have been published about SERS, but this may be the first time that a book on a wide area of plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy has ever been published. The book consists of two volumes; the second volume discusses TERS, SEIRA, and other topics related to plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Understand microgrids and networked microgrid systems Microgrids are interconnected groups of energy sources that operate together, capable of connecting with a larger grid or operating independently as needed and network conditions require. They can be valuable sources of energy for geographically circumscribed areas with highly targeted energy needs, and for remote or rural areas where continuous connection with a larger grid is difficult. Microgrids' controllability makes them especially effective at incorporating renewable energy sources. Microgrids: Theory and Practice introduces readers to the analysis, design, and operation of microgrids and larger networked systems that integrate them. It brings to bear both cutting-edge research into microgrid technology and years of industry experience in designing and operating microgrids. Its discussions of core subjects such as microgrid modeling, control, and optimization make it an essential short treatment, valuable for both academic and industrial study. Readers will acquire the skills needed to address existing problems and meet new ones as this crucial area of power engineering develops. Microgrids: Theory and Practice also features: Incorporation of new cyber-physical system technologies for enabling microgrids as resiliency resources Theoretical treatment of a wide range of subjects including smart programmable microgrids, distributed and asynchronous optimization for microgrid dispatch, and AI-assisted microgrid protection Practical discussion of real-time microgrids simulations, hybrid microgrid design, transition to renewable microgrid networks, and more Microgrids: Theory and Practice is ideal as a textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in power engineering programs, and a valuable reference for power industry professionals looking to address the challenges posed by microgrids in their work.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

This work deals comprehensively with the engineering aspects of hot and cold water reticulation and sanitary plumbing above ground and drains below ground in South Africa.

Born in the Isle of Man of Irish/Welsh parentage, Noel Stuart nursed no other ambition than to work with animals. His lifelong passion for all creatures and his interest in complementary medicine for humans and non-humans alike combined to culminate in his eventual choice of career as a veterinary surgeon. Noel's work both as a vet and his second career as a writer is a rich tapestry of down-to-earth practice alongside a sense of healing power beyond science. This is balanced by a great sense of humour running a sparkling thread through all that he writes. Noel has studied such unusually diverse directions as dowsing and the effect of ley lines on cattle. He can claim distinction as being one of the earliest vets of his generation to treat fish and once had the dubious experience of counting an alligator as one of his patients! Noel now enjoys an active semi-retirement in Cornwall. He turns his hand enthusiastically to a wide range of endeavours from 'lollipop man' to school governor and Rotarian. He may be found working with the local writers' group, or travelling the world and being a guru to his many grandchildren.

Recognizing the urgent need to transform energy systems to low-carbon alternatives, this timely book offers evidenced and credible ways to accelerate actions towards meeting the Paris Agreement goals and achieving net zero emissions. Steven Fries analyses through the lens of government, business and household actions-their policies and investments-the systemic changes needed to eliminate net carbon dioxide emissions from energy. Fries explores how advancing low-carbon alternatives could maintain current economic activities while halting climate impacts. But his analysis of accumulating evidence on transforming energy shows how multiple market imperfections hold back alternatives. To overcome these barriers, the book develops heterodox energy reform strategies and ways to coordinate actions across countries, recognizing differences in their specializations and renewable resources. Going beyond orthodox economics, it sets out the role for supporting deployment of low-carbon alternatives in initial markets, calibrating emissions pricing to net zero emission goals, and adapting institutions and infrastructures to low-carbon alternatives. It also signposts policy sequencing and differentiation across sectors and countries. Providing comprehensive energy policy assessments and sound reform strategies, this book will be essential reading for government policymakers and business investors. Its rigorous approach to systemic change also makes it a valuable reference for energy economics and environmental economics scholars.

This book's Potent Nostalgia is for those ordinary laws of physics and biology, which Northern economies have abandoned in favour of extra-ordinary laws of fossil physics. The rediscovery of our place in the world may prove to be a greater delight than the pain of losing extra-ordinary power. In any case, if we don't reshape our lives as parts of the whole, then those very ordinary laws will react by flood for some, desert for others and with an unpredictable violence and rapidity. Discovery of appropriate techniques can only happen citizen by citizen. Governments and commercial corporations have shown that they are incapable of change. Knowledge is not a function of power. The author farms in a family partnership which produces cereals, vegetables, apples, beef and lamb. Nearly all the produce is sold directly, by way of a market stall, which he proposes as a step towards a real and convivial economy, which may nicely fit those ordinary laws of physics and biology.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

This timely book explores the likely success or failure of potential transport innovations. Chapters examine societally relevant effects of transport transitions, including impacts on the environment, accessibility, safety and more. It focuses on complex innovations in which both public and private actors are involved. Combining insights from innovation sciences with evolutionary economics, business economics, managerial sciences, psychology and history, the chapters consider state-of-the-art innovation theories applied to sustainable transport, with an emphasis on approaches to understanding behaviour. The book then explores a range of potential transitions, covering technological innovations such as vehicle electrification, e-bikes and light electric vehicles in city logistics, before moving on to look at service innovations including carsharing, mobility as a service and e-shopping. Offering coverage of both frameworks and innovation examples themselves, this book will be an interesting read for transport studies and innovation scholars. It will also be a useful tool for policy makers and planners working in the area.

'A Guide to Electronic Wiring and Soldering Techniques' is an ideal first step for anyone interested in learning about hobby electronics. Written with the beginner in mind, the book introduces the basics of tools and equipment required, and soldering techniques. The reader is then guided through several interesting practise techniques and projects. 'A Guide to Electronic Wiring and Soldering Techniques' will make anyone's start in electronic wiring and soldering both safe and fun!