Both object orientation and parallelism are modern programming paradigms which have gained much popularity in the last 10-15 years. Object orientation raises hopes for increased productivity of software generation and maintenance methods. Parallelism can serve to structure a problem but also promises faster program execution. The two areas of computing science in which these paradigms play the most prominent role are programming languages and databases. In programming languages, one can take an academic approach with a primary focus on the generality of the semantics of the language constructs which support the respective paradigm. In databases, one is willing to restrict the power of the constructs in the interest of increased efficiency. Inter- and intra-object parallelism have received an increasing amount of attention in the last few years by researchers in the area of object- oriented programming. At first glance, an object is very similar to a process which offers services to other processes and demands services from them. It has, however, transpired that object-oriented concepts cause problems when combined with parallelism. In programming languages, the introduction of parallelism and the synchronization constraints it brings with it can get in the way of code reusability. In databases, the combination of object orientation and parallelism requires, for example, a generalization of the transaction model, new approaches to the specification of information systems, an implementation model of object communication, and the design of an overall system architecture. There has been insufficient communication between researchers in programming languages and in databases on these issues. Object Orientation with Parallelism and Persistence grew out of a Dagstuhl Seminar of the same title in April 1995 whose goal it was to put the new research area object orientation with parallelism' on an interdisciplinary basis. Object Orientation with Parallelism and Persistence will be of interest to researchers and professionals working in software engineering, programming languages, and database systems.

Rule-Based Programming is a broad presentation of the rule-based programming method with many example programs showing the strengths of the rule-based approach. The rule-based approach has been used extensively in the development of artificial intelligence systems, such as expert systems and machine learning. This rule-based programming technique has been applied in such diverse fields as medical diagnostic systems, insurance and banking systems, as well as automated design and configuration systems. Rule-based programming is also helpful in bridging the semantic gap between an application and a program, allowing domain specialists to understand programs and participate more closely in their development. Over sixty programs are presented and all programs are available from an ftp site. Many of these programs are presented in several versions allowing the reader to see how realistic programs are elaborated from back of envelope' models. Metaprogramming is also presented as a technique for bridging the semantic gap'. Rule-Based Programming will be of interest to programmers, systems analysts and other developers of expert systems as well as to researchers and practitioners in artificial intelligence, computer science professionals and educators.

by Maq Mannan President and CEO, DSM Technologies Chairman of the IEEE 1364 Verilog Standards Group Past Chairman of Open Verilog International One of the major strengths of the Verilog language is the Programming Language Interface (PLI), which allows users and Verilog application developers to infinitely extend the capabilities of the Verilog language and the Verilog simulator. In fact, the overwhelming success of the Verilog language can be partly attributed to the exi- ence of its PLI. Using the PLI, add-on products, such as graphical waveform displays or pre and post simulation analysis tools, can be easily developed. These products can then be used with any Verilog simulator that supports the Verilog PLI. This ability to create thi- party add-on products for Verilog simulators has created new markets and provided the Verilog user base with multiple sources of software tools. Hardware design engineers can, and should, use the Verilog PLI to customize their Verilog simulation environment. A Company that designs graphics chips, for ex- ple, may wish to see the simulation results of a new design in some custom graphical display. The Verilog PLI makes it possible, and even trivial, to integrate custom so- ware, such as a graphical display program, into a Verilog simulator. The simulation results can then dynamically be displayed in the custom format during simulation. And, if the company uses Verilog simulators from multiple simulator vendors, this integrated graphical display will work with all the simulators.

The 14 contributed chapters in this book survey the most recent developments in high-performance algorithms for NGS data, offering fundamental insights and technical information specifically on indexing, compression and storage; error correction; alignment; and assembly. The book will be of value to researchers, practitioners and students engaged with bioinformatics, computer science, mathematics, statistics and life sciences.

This book provides an overview of the theory and application of linear and nonlinear mixed-effects models in the analysis of grouped data, such as longitudinal data, repeated measures, and multilevel data. Over 170 figures are included in the book.

SQL is the ubiquitous language for software developers working with structured data. Most developers who rely on SQL are experts in their favorite language (such as Java, Python, or Go), but they're not experts in SQL. They often depend on antipatterns - solutions that look right but become increasingly painful to work with as you uncover their hidden costs. Learn to identify and avoid many of these common blunders. Refactor an inherited nightmare into a data model that really works. Updated for the current versions of MySQL and Python, this new edition adds a dozen brand new mini-antipatterns for quick wins. No matter which platform, framework, or language you use, the database is the foundation of your application, and the SQL database language is the standard for working with it. Antipatterns are solutions that look simple at the surface, but soon mire you down with needless work. Learn to identify these traps, and craft better solutions for the often-asked questions in this book. Avoid the mistakes that lead to poor performance and quality, and master the principles that make SQL a powerful and flexible tool for handling data and logic. Dive deep into SQL and database design, and learn to recognize the most common missteps made by software developers in database modeling, SQL query logic, and code design of data-driven applications. See practical examples of misconceptions about SQL that can lure software projects astray. Find the greatest value in each group of data. Understand why an intersection table may be your new best friend. Store passwords securely and don't reinvent the wheel. Handle NULL values like a pro. Defend your web applications against the security weakness of SQL injection. Use SQL the right way - it can save you from headaches and needless work, and let your application really shine! What You Need: The SQL examples use the MySQL 8.0 flavor, but other popular brands of RDBMS are mentioned. Other code examples use Python 3.9+ or Ruby 2.7+.

Advances in Design and Specification Languages for Embedded Systems is the latest contribution to the Chip Design Languages series and it consists of selected papers presented at the Forum on Specifications and Design Languages (FDL'06), which took place in September 2006 at Technische Universit't Darmstadt, Germany. FDL, an ECSI conference, is the premier European forum to present research results, to exchange experiences, and to learn about new trends in the application of specification and design languages as well as of associated design and modelling methods and tools for integrated circuits, embedded systems, and heterogeneous systems. Modelling and specification concepts push the development of new methodologies for design and verification to system level, they thus provide the means for a model-driven design of complex information processing systems in a variety of application domains.

A best-seller in its French edition, the construction of this book is original and its success in the French market demonstrates its appeal. It is based on three principles: 1. An organization of the chapters by families of algorithms : exhaustive search, divide and conquer, etc. At the contrary, there is no chapter only devoted to a systematic exposure of, say, algorithms on strings. Some of these will be found in different chapters. 2. For each family of algorithms, an introduction is given to the mathematical principles and the issues of a rigorous design, with one or two pedagogical examples. 3. For its most part, the book details 150 problems, spanning on seven families of algorithms. For each problem, a precise and progressive statement is given. More important, a complete solution is detailed, with respect to the design principles that have been presented ; often, some classical errors are pointed at. Roughly speaking, two thirds of the book are devoted to the detailed rational construction of the solutions.

I am very pleased to play even a small part in the publication of this book on the SIGNAL language and its environment POLYCHRONY. I am sure it will be a s- ni?cant milestone in the development of the SIGNAL language, of synchronous computing in general, and of the data?ow approach to computation. In data?ow, the computation takes place in a producer-consumer network of - dependent processing stations. Data travels in streams and is transformed as these streams pass through the processing stations (often called ?lters). Data?ow is an attractive model for many reasons, not least because it corresponds to the way p- duction, transportation, andcommunicationare typicallyorganizedin the real world (outside cyberspace). I myself stumbled into data?ow almost against my will. In the mid-1970s, Ed Ashcroft and I set out to design a "super" structured programming language that, we hoped, would radically simplify proving assertions about programs. In the end, we decided that it had to be declarative. However, we also were determined that iterative algorithms could be expressed directly, without circumlocutions such as the use of a tail-recursive function. The language that resulted, which we named LUCID, was much less traditional then we would have liked. LUCID statements are equations in a kind of executable temporallogic thatspecifythe (time)sequencesof variablesinvolvedin aniteration.

"Practical Mono" offers you a detailed portrait of Mono and its many facets. You'll learn about building GUI-based applications with Gtk#, database interaction with ADO.NET, and powerful applications with XML and web services.

By embracing this implementation, you can take advantage of the powerful development paradigm, building Internet-enabled cross-platform applications based on open source technologies. This book includes a primer on C#, so even if you're a novice .NET programmer, you will still gain plenty from this practical guide.

LANCELOT is a software package for solving large-scale nonlinear optimization problems. This book is our attempt to provide a coherent overview of the package and its use. This includes details of how one might present examples to the package, how the algorithm tries to solve these examples and various technical issues which may be useful to implementors of the software. We hope this book will be of use to both researchers and practitioners in nonlinear programming. Although the book is primarily concerned with a specific optimization package, the issues discussed have much wider implications for the design and im plementation of large-scale optimization algorithms. In particular, the book contains a proposal for a standard input format for large-scale optimization problems. This proposal is at the heart of the interface between a user's problem and the LANCE LOT optimization package. Furthermore, a large collection of over five hundred test ex amples has already been written in this format and will shortly be available to those who wish to use them. We would like to thank the many people and organizations who supported us in our enterprise. We first acknowledge the support provided by our employers, namely the the Facultes Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix (Namur, Belgium), Harwell Laboratory (UK), IBM Corporation (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK) and the University of Waterloo (Canada). We are grateful for the support we obtained from NSERC (Canada), NATO and AMOCO (UK)."

This book presents a guide to the core features of Java - and some more recent innovations - enabling the reader to build skills and confidence though tried-and-trusted stages, supported by exercises that reinforce key learning points. All of the most useful and commonly applied Java syntax and libraries are introduced, along with many example programs that can provide the basis for more substantial applications. Use of the Eclipse IDE and the JUnit testing framework is integral to the book, ensuring maximum productivity and code quality, although to ensure that skills are not confined to one environment the fundamentals of the Java compiler and run time are also explained. Additionally, coverage of the Ant tool will equip the reader with the skills to automatically build, test and deploy applications independent of an IDE. Features: presents information on Java 7; contains numerous code examples and exercises; provides source code, self-test questions and PowerPoint slides at an associated website.

A logic view of 0-1 integer programming problems, providing new insights into the structure of problems that can lead the researcher to more effective solution techniques depending on the problem class. Operations research techniques are integrated into a logic programming environment. The first monographic treatment that begins to unify these two methodological approaches. Logic-based methods for modelling and solving combinatorial problems have recently started to play a significant role in both theory and practice. The application of logic to combinatorial problems has a dual aspect. On one hand, constraint logic programming allows one to declaratively model combinatorial problems over an appropriate constraint domain, the problems then being solved by a corresponding constraint solver. Besides being a high-level declarative interface to the constraint solver, the logic programming language allows one also to implement those subproblems that cannot be naturally expressed with constraints. On the other hand, logic-based methods can be used as a constraint solving technique within a constraint solver for combinatorial problems modelled as 0-1 integer programs.

The book emphasizes the design of full-fledged, fully normalizing lambda calculus
machinery, as opposed to the just weakly normalizing machines.

Term rewriting techniques are applicable to various fields of computer science, including software engineering, programming languages, computer algebra, program verification, automated theorem proving and Boolean algebra. These powerful techniques can be successfully applied in all areas that demand efficient methods for reasoning with equations. One of the major problems encountered is the characterization of classes of rewrite systems that have a desirable property, like confluence or termination. In a system that is both terminating and confluent, every computation leads to a result that is unique, regardless of the order in which the rewrite rules are applied. This volume provides a comprehensive and unified presentation of termination and confluence, as well as related properties. Topics and features: *unified presentation and notation for important advanced topics *comprehensive coverage of conditional term-rewriting systems *state-of-the-art survey of modularity in term rewriting *presentation of unified framework for term and graph rewriting *up-to-date discussion of transformational methods for proving termination of logic programs, including the TALP system This unique book offers a comprehensive and unified view of the subject that is suitable for all computer scientists, program designers, and software engineers who study and use term rewriting techniques. Practitioners, researchers and professionals will find the book an essential and authoritative resource and guide for the latest developments and results in the field.

This book is the first comprehensive survey of the field of constraint databases, written by leading researchers. Constraint databases are a fairly new and active area of database research. The key idea is that constraints, such as linear or polynomial equations, are used to represent large, or even infinite, sets in a compact way. The ability to deal with infinite sets makes constraint databases particularly promising as a technology for integrating spatial and temporal data with standard relational databases. Constraint databases bring techniques from a variety of fields, such as logic and model theory, algebraic and computational geometry, as well as symbolic computation, to the design and analysis of data models and query languages.

The Formal Aspects of Computing Science (FACS) Specialist Group of the British Computer Society set up a seriesof evening seminarsin 2005to report on advances in the application of formal design and analysis techniques in all the stages of software development. The seminars attracted an audience fromboth academiaand industry, andgavethem the opportunity to hear and meet pioneers andkeyresearchersin computing science.Normally it wouldbe necessaryto travelabroadand attend an internationalconference to be in the presence of such respected ?gures; instead, the evening seminar programme, overa period of threeyears, broughtthe keynotespeakers of the conference to theBritishComputerSocietyheadquarters, fortheconvenienceofanaudience basedinLondon.Severalspeakersfromtheperiod2005-2007kindlydeveloped their talks into full papers, which form the basis of this volume. Iamdelightedtowelcomethepublicationofsuchanexcellentandcomp- hensiveseriesofcontributions.Theyarenowavailableinbookformtoaneven wider audience, including developers interested in solutions already available, and researchers interested in problems which remain for future solution. Sir Tony Hoare Preface They envy the distinction I have won; let them therefore, envy my toils, my honesty, and the methods by which I gained it. - Sallust (86-34 BC) Formalmethods area powerfultechniqueforhelping toensure the correctness of software. The growth in their use has been slow but steady and they are typically applied in critical systems where safety or security is paramoun

Readers quickly become motivated to learn C++ with popular author Diane Zak's distinctive emphasis on the importance of C++ programming skills in business today. AN INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING WITH C++, 7E, International Edition distinguishes itself from all other C++ instructional books with its unique, reader-focused approach. Memorable new examples demonstrate concepts in action while a wealth of hands-on unique exercises allow readers to apply concepts as they progress. The book's visually-driven presentation clarifies concepts with useful IPO charts, flowcharts and code examples throughout. New videos and PDF files for each chapter demonstrate how readers can complete exercises using various compilers. Microsoft (R) Visual Studio 2012 (R) is also available with the book as an optional bundle. Trust AN INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING WITH C++, 7E, International Edition to stay engaged and enthusiastic about mastering the skills of C++ today.

This book puts the spotlight on how a real-time kernel works using Micrium's C/OS-III as a reference. The book consists of two complete parts. The first describes real-time kernels in generic terms. Part II provide examples for the reader, using the Inineon XMC4500. Together with the IAR Systems Embedded Workbench for ARM development tools, the evaluation board provides everything necessary to enable the reader to be up and running quickly, as well as a fun and educational experience, resulting in a high-level of proficiency in a short time. This book is written for serious embedded systems programmers, consultants, hobbyists, and students interested in understanding the inner workings of a real-time kernel. C/OS-III is not just a great learning platform, but also a full commercial-grade software package, ready to be part of a wide range of products. C/OS-III is a highly portable, ROMable, scalable, preemptive real-time, multitasking kernel designed specifically to address the demanding requirements of today's embedded systems. C/OS-III is the successor to the highly popular C/OS-II real-time kernel but can use most of C/OS-II's ports with minor modifications. Some of the features of C/OS-III are: Preemptive multitasking with round-robin scheduling of tasks at the same priority Unlimited number of tasks and other kernel objects Rich set of services: semaphores, mutual exclusion semaphores with full priority inheritance, event flags, message queues, timers, fixed-size memory block management, and more. Built-in performance measurements

Over the past several years, cooperative control and optimization has un questionably been established as one of the most important areas of research in the military sciences. Even so, cooperative control and optimization tran scends the military in its scope -having become quite relevant to a broad class of systems with many exciting, commercial, applications. One reason for all the excitement is that research has been so incredibly diverse -spanning many scientific and engineering disciplines. This latest volume in the Cooperative Systems book series clearly illustrates this trend towards diversity and creative thought. And no wonder, cooperative systems are among the hardest systems control science has endeavored to study, hence creative approaches to model ing, analysis, and synthesis are a must The definition of cooperation itself is a slippery issue. As you will see in this and previous volumes, cooperation has been cast into many different roles and therefore has assumed many diverse meanings. Perhaps the most we can say which unites these disparate concepts is that cooperation (1) requires more than one entity, (2) the entities must have some dynamic behavior that influences the decision space, (3) the entities share at least one common objective, and (4) entities are able to share information about themselves and their environment. Optimization and control have long been active fields of research in engi neering."

* Treats LISP as a language for commercial applications, not a language for academic AI concerns. This could be considered to be a secondary text for the Lisp course that most schools teach . This would appeal to students who sat through a LISP course in college without quite getting it - so a "nostalgia" approach, as in "wow-lisp can be practical..." * Discusses the Lisp programming model and environment. Contains an introduction to the language and gives a thorough overview of all of Common Lisp's main features. * Designed for experienced programmers no matter what languages they may be coming from and written for a modern audience-programmers who are familiar with languages like Java, Python, and Perl. * Includes several examples of working code that actually does something useful like Web programming and database access.

In conjunction with the 1993 International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP'93), held in Budapest Hungary, two workshops were held concerning the implementations of logic programming systems: Practical Implementations and Sys- tems Experience in Logic Programming Systems, and Concurrent, Distributed, and Parallel Implementations of Logic Programming Systems. This collection presents 16 research papers in the area of the implementation of logic programming systems. The two workshops aimed to bring together sys- tems implementors for discussing real problems coming from their direct experience, therefore these papers have a special emphasis on practice rather than on theory. This book will be of immediate interest to practitioners who seek understanding of how to efficiently manage memory, generate fast code, perform sophisticated static analyses, and design high-performance runtime features. A major theme, throughout the papers, is how to effectively leverage host imple- mentation systems and technologies to implement target systems. Debray discusses implementing Janus in SICStus Prolog by exploiting the delay primitive, which is fur- ther expounded by Meier in his discussion of various ECRC systems implementations of delay primitives. Hausman discusses implementing Erlang in C, and Czajkowski and Zielinski discuss embedding Linda primitives in Strand. Denti et ai. discuss implementing object-oriented logic programs within SICStus Prolog, a theme also explored and compared to a WAM-based implementation by Bugliesi and Nardiello.

This book is the third in a series of books collecting the best papers from the three main regional conferences on electronic system design languages, HDLCon in the United States, APCHDL in Asia-Pacific and FDL in Europe. Being APCHDL bi-annual, this book presents a selection of papers from HDLCon'Ol and FDL'OI. HDLCon is the premier HDL event in the United States. It originated in 1999 from the merging of the International Verilog Conference and the Spring VHDL User's Forum. The scope of the conference expanded from specialized languages such as VHDL and Verilog to general purpose languages such as C++ and Java. In 2001 it was held in February in Santa Clara, CA. Presentations from design engineers are technical in nature, reflecting real life experiences in using HDLs. EDA vendors presentations show what is available - and what is planned-for design tools that utilize HDLs, such as simulation and synthesis tools. The Forum on Design Languages (FDL) is the European forum to exchange experiences and learn of new trends, in the application of languages and the associated design methods and tools, to design complex electronic systems. FDL'OI was held in Lyon, France, around seven interrelated workshops, Hardware Description Languages, Analog and Mixed signal Specification, C/C++ HW/SW Specification and Design, Design Environments & Languages, Real-Time specification for embedded Systems, Architecture Modeling and Reuse and System Specification & Design Languages.

Time is a fascinating subject and has long since captured mankind's imagination, from the ancients to modern man, both adult and child alike. It has been studied across a wide range of disciplines, from the natural sciences to philosophy and logic. Today, thirty plus years since Prior's work in laying out foundations for temporal logic, and two decades on from Pnueli's seminal work applying of temporal logic in specification and verification of computer programs, temporal logic has a strong and thriving international research community within the broad disciplines of computer science and artificial intelligence. Areas of activity include, but are certainly not restricted to: Pure Temporal Logic, e. g. temporal systems, proof theory, model theory, expressiveness and complexity issues, algebraic properties, application of game theory; Specification and Verification, e. g. of reactive systems, ofreal-time components, of user interaction, of hardware systems, techniques and tools for verification, execution and prototyping methods; Temporal Databases, e. g. temporal representation, temporal query ing, granularity of time, update mechanisms, active temporal data bases, hypothetical reasoning; Temporal Aspects in AI, e. g. modelling temporal phenomena, in terval temporal calculi, temporal nonmonotonicity, interaction of temporal reasoning with action/knowledge/belief logics, temporal planning; Tense and Aspect in Natural Language, e. g. models, ontologies, temporal quantifiers, connectives, prepositions, processing tempo ral statements; Temporal Theorem Proving, e. g. translation methods, clausal and non-clausal resolution, tableaux, automata-theoretic approaches, tools and practical systems."

This book explains how to write .NET 2.0 applications and services. It provides you with a clean slate, erasing the need for developing the COM, DCOM, COM+, or ActiveX components that used to be a necessity. Instead, you'll learn how to write .NET applications using C++/CLI.

This book is based on its highly successful predecessor, and bridges the gap between classic C++ and C++/CLI. Furthermore, this edition is based on the newest version of Visual Studio .NET (2005) and .NET Platform version 2.0. And all topic areas include specific code examples. By the end of the book, you will be proficient in developing .NET applications and services for both the Windows desktop and the Web.