With the need to combat emerging infectious diseases, research around antimicrobial biomaterials and their applications is booming. This book provides the field with a much-needed fundamental overview of the science, addressing the chemistry of a broad range of biomaterial types, and their applications in the biomedical industry. Materials covered include polymers, from those with inherent antimicrobial activity to those that release antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial ceramics and inorganic compounds, such as metal based antimicrobial additives, and the developing field of biomimetic materials, are discussed. Surfaces, coatings and adhesives are covered, whilst the applications of these antimicrobial materials in biomedical applications, from catheters to orthopaedics, dentistry to ophthalmology, are explored. Edited by international leaders and with contributions from the best in the field, this book is the go-to resource for graduates and researchers in biomaterials science, biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, and materials and polymer chemistry.

This book describes solid surfaces and their properties on both small and large scales. It look at how atoms and molecules interact with surfaces and how and why they subsequently react and/or behave. The book is written for undergraduates, and builds on their knowledge from their first year. It reflects the striking advances made in recent years through the study of well defined single crystal surfaces.

A comprehensive, authoritative introduction to the central issues in surface science.

This volume takes a practical, experimental approach to modern surface science. Professor John B. Hudson promotes an intuitive understanding of the concepts of surface science by using physical examples to illustrate basic surface structures and phenomena. Accessible and easy to read throughout, Surface Science provides a solid foundation from which to develop a conceptual understanding of the field.

Divided into four sections, Surface Science begins with descriptions of the structure, thermodynamics, and mobility of clean surfaces, then moves on to explore the interaction of gas molecules with solid surfaces. Next, Professor Hudson discusses the energetic particle interactions that are the basis for the majority of techniques developed to reveal the structure and chemistry of surfaces. The book concludes with a presentation of the background material involved in crystal nucleation and growth.

The product of more than three decades of experience in introducing students to surface science, this book includes:

• State-of-the-art surface analysis techniques
• Examples of phenomena and structures from current and classical works
• A comprehensive presentation that can be easily tailored to senior undergraduate and graduate courses in a variety of disciplines
• Extensive references and course-proven end-of-chapter problems.

Surface Science is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and the physical sciences who want a general overview of surface science. It also provides important background information for researchers just starting out in the field. JOHN B. HUDSON, PhD, is Professor of Materials Science in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.

Small solid particles adsorbed at liquid interfaces arise in many industrial products and process, such as anti-foam formulations, crude oil emulsions and flotation. They act in many ways like traditional surfactant molecules, but offer distinct advantages. However, the understanding of how these particles operate in such systems is minimal. This book brings together the diverse topics actively being investigated, with contributions from leading experts in the field. After an introduction to the basic concepts and principles, the book divides into two sections. The first deals with particles at planar liquid interfaces, with chapters of an experimental and theoretical nature. The second concentrates on the behaviour of particles at curved liquid interfaces, including particle-stabilised foams and emulsions and new materials derived from such systems. This unique collection will be of interest to academic researchers and graduate students in chemistry, physics, chemical engineering, pharmacy, food science and materials science.

This book covers the development of both experiment and theory in natural surface particle chemistry. It emphasizes insights gained over the past few years, and concentrates on molecular spectroscopy, kinetics, and equilibrium as they apply to natural particle surface reactions in aqueous media. The discussion, divided among five chapters, is complemented by lengthy annotations, reading suggestions, and end-of-chapter problem sets that require a critical reading of important technical journal articles.

This book covers the fundamentals of conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) as applied to crystalline solids. In addition to including a large selection of worked examples and homework problems, the volume is accompanied by a supplementary website (http://ctem.web.cmu.edu/) containing interactive modules and over 30,000 lines of free Fortran 90 source code. The work is based on a lecture course given by Marc De Graef in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University.

This handbook is the only reference work of its kind in the important field of applied surface and colloid chemistry. Unique in scope and including an enormous wealth of mainly practically orientated information it treats the topic in a thorough and comprehensive manner.

The Handbook of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry will demonstrate the wide range of fields in which the fundamental science has been applied. It is practically organised into five sections:

• Surface chemistry in important technologies
• Surfactants
• Colloid systems and layer structures at surfaces
• Phenomena in surface chemistry
• Analysis and characterization in surface chemistry

The chapters on the four major classes of surfactants (anionics, nonionics, cationics and zwitterionics), on physicochemical properties and on important colloidal systems (solid dispersions, foams, vesicles and liposomes, and microemulsions) as well as the coverage of the major analysis and characterization techniques, ensure that this handbook will be welcomed by material scientists in both industry and academia.

Written by an international team of scientists, this work will be essential reading for all those in industrial and academic institutions carrying out colloid and surfactant research, development and manufacture.

This volume documents the proceedings of the "7th International Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection, Adhesion and Removal held in Newark, NJ, June 19-21, 2000. The study of particles on surfaces is extremely important in a host of diverse technological areas, ranging from microelectronics to optics to biomedical.
This volume contains a total of 28 papers, which were all properly peer reviewed, revised and edited before inclusion. Therefore, this book is not merely a collection of unreviewed manuscripts, but rather represents information which has passed peer scrutiny. Furthermore, the authors were asked to update their manuscripts, so the information contained in this book should be current and fresh.
This volume is divided into two parts: 1) Particle Analysis and General Cleaning-Related Topics; and 2) Particle Adhesion and Removal. The topics covered include: surface analysis techniques for particle identification; cleaning, rinsing and drying issues in post-CMP cleaning; fundamental forces involved in particle adhesion; factors affecting adhesion of small (nanosize) particles; factors important in particle detachment; particle adhesion measurement by AFM; various (wet and dry) techniques for particle removal, e.g., laser, ultrasonic, megasonic, use of surfactants; toner particles and pharmaceutical particles.
This volume offers a wealth of information on the tremendously technologically important field of particles on surfaces and should provide a consolidated source of current R&D activity in this arena. Therefore, it will be of value and use to anyone interested in the topic of particles on surfaces.

In this book, the authors present current research in the study of adhesions. Topics discussed in this compilation include surface analysis techniques for root canal filling adhesion studies; polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecules in the human nervous system at prenatal, postnatal and adult ages; surgical adhesives; interaction of diamond-transition metal substrates and interfacial adhesion enhancement/failure mechanisms; inhibition and impairment of cell adhesions; and effects of anti-cell adhesion molecules to prevent heart transplant rejection.

This new book covers the physics and chemistry of surfaces. The scope includes the structure, thermodynamics, and mobility of clean surfaces, as well as the interaction of gas molecules with solid surfaces. The energetic particle interactions that are the basis for the majority of techniques developed to reveal the structure and chemistry of surfaces are explored including auger electron spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, inelastic scattering of electrons and ions, low energy electron diffraction, scanning probe microscopy, and interfacial segregation. Crystal nucleation and growth are also considered. Principles such as adsorption, desorption and reactions between adsorbates are examined, with coverage also of new developments in the growth of epitaxial, and Langmuir-Blodgett films, as well as treatment of the etching of surfaces. Modern analytical techniques and applications to thin films and nanostructures are included. The latest in-depth research from around the world is presented.

Deposition and aggregation of small solid particles are encountered in many natural and industrial environments. Whether it be deposition of particles onto a surface immersed in a liquid suspension or aggregateion of individual particles, these processes are of enotmous significance. They are vital to the manufacture of magnetic tape, purification of water using packed bed filters, selective capture of solids, cells and macromolecular species, and many other applications.

This book presents a unified approach to the measurement, modelling and simulation of these processes, bringing together the disciplines of colliod and surface chemistry, hydrodynamics, and experimental and computational methods. It will be required reading for graduates working in process and environmental engineering, postgraduates involved in industrial R & D and for all scientists wishing to gain a more detailed and realistic understanding of process conditions in these areas.

The use of adhesives is widespread and growing, and there are few modern artefacts, from the simple cereal packet, to the jumbo jet, that are without this means of joining. Adhesion Science provides an illuminating account of the science underlying the use of adhesives, a branch of chemical technology which is fundamental to the science of coatings and composite materials and to the performance of all types of bonded structures. This book guides the reader through the essential basic polymer science, and the chemistry of adhesives in use at present. It discusses surface preparation for adhesive bonding, and the use of primers and coupling agents. There is a detailed chapter on contact angles and what can be predicted from them. A simple guide on stress distribution joints and how this relates to testing is included. It also examines the interaction of adhesives and the environment, including an analysis of the resistance of joints to water, oxygen and ultra-violet light. Adhesion Science provides a comprehensive introduction to the chemistry of adhesives, and will be of interest not only to chemists, but also to readers with a background in physical or materials science.

The availability of synchrotron x-ray sources and the subsequent developments described in this book have led to substantial progress in our understanding of molecular ordering at liquid interfaces. This practical guide enables graduate students and researchers working in physics, chemistry, biology and materials science to understand and carry out experimental investigations into the basic physical and chemical properties of liquid surfaces and interfaces. The book examines the surfaces of bulk liquids, thin wetting films and buried liquid-liquid interfaces. It discusses experiments on simple and complex fluids, including pure water and organic liquids, liquid crystals, liquid metals, electrified liquid-liquid interfaces and interfacial monolayers of amphiphiles, nanoparticles, polymers and biomolecules. A detailed description of the apparatus and techniques required for these experiments is provided, and theoretical approaches to data analysis are described, including approximate methods such as the Master formula, the Born approximation, Parratt's algorithm and the Distorted Wave Approximation.

Water is a vital element for life. Each recognised form of life on earth, from the smallest microbes to the largest mammals, rely on water. But the amount of fresh water on the earth is limited. Due to industrialisation, urbanisation, and rapid growth of population; even this small amount of fresh water is compromised. Various types of inorganic (toxic and heavy metals) and organic pollutants (dyes, pesticides and pharmacological) are continuously polluting the ecosystem. The development of new efficient technologies are always in demand for the removal of these pollutants. There are several chemical and physical methods available, but among those methods, ion exchange, adsorption and solvent extraction are known to be the most simple and cost effective methods for the removal of these pollutants. This comprehensive book covers 14 review chapters on today's rapidly growing areas of ion exchange, adsorption and solvent extraction and provides an important resource for scientists, and researchers in the fields of Environmental Science, Chemistry, Nanotechnology, Material Science and Engineering.

Colloid and surface science research spans a wide range of topics including biological interactions at surfaces, molecular assembly of selective surfaces, role of surface chemistry in microelectronics and catalysis, tribology, and colloidal physics in the context of crystallisation and suspensions; fluid interfaces; adsorption; surface aspects of catalysis; dispersion preparation, characterisation and stability; aerosols, foams and emulsions; surfaces forces; micelles and microemulsions; light scattering and spectroscopy; nanoparticles; new material science; detergency and wetting; thin films, liquid membranes and bilayers; surfactant science; polymer colloids; rheology of colloidal and disperse systems; electrical phenomena in interfacial and disperse systems. This book presents research in this dynamic field.

Colloid and surface science research spans a wide range of topics including biological interactions at surfaces, molecular assembly of selective surfaces, role of surface chemistry in microelectronics and catalysis, tribology, and colloidal physics in the context of crystallisation and suspensions; fluid interfaces; adsorption; surface aspects of catalysis; dispersion preparation, characterisation and stability; aerosols, foams and emulsions; surfaces forces; micelles and microemulsions; light scattering and spectroscopy; nanoparticles; new material science; detergency and wetting; thin films, liquid membranes and bilayers; surfactant science; polymer colloids; rheology of colloidal and disperse systems; electrical phenomena in interfacial and disperse systems. This book presents new research in this field from around the globe.

This new book covers the physics and chemistry of surfaces. The scope includes the structure, thermodynamics, and mobility of clean surfaces, as well as the interaction of gas molecules with solid surfaces. The energetic particle interactions that are the basis for the majority of techniques developed to reveal the structure and chemistry of surfaces are explored including auger electron spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, inelastic scattering of electrons and ions, low energy electron diffraction, scanning probe microscopy, and interfacial segregation. Crystal nucleation and growth are also considered. Principles such as adsorption, desorption and reactions between adsorbates are examined, with coverage also of new developments in the growth of epitaxial, and Langmuir-Blodgett films, as well as treatment of the etching of surfaces. Modern analytical techniques and applications to thin films and nanostructures are included. The latest in-depth research from around the world is presented.

The Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science draws together the interface-related aspects of chemistry, materials sciences and engineering, biology, physics, computer sciences, and applied mathematics. This new edition discusses important advancements made in the last decade or so, namely, the understanding of the fundamental theories in colloid and surface science, the development of new and improved methods, and the design of particles-nanoparticles. With an emerging impetus on topics such as health care and renewable energy, this edition also addresses many fundamental aspects, as well as applications, related to drug design and delivery and the development of highly efficient catalysts including novel ways to generate renewable energy. Researchers who are pioneers in their respective disciplines provide the current state of knowledge from their research findings, as well as other valuable information, in the introductory sections of each book. Encompassing ten volumes, this new edition continues to provide practitioners with all the information they need to devise or modify processes both for current and new products. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]

Supramolecular chemistry provides a versatile approach for modifying the structure and function of surfaces, including the formation of clusters, monolayers and films. This can be used in a variety of applications from porous surface systems, to modifiers of interface energy and sensor-based systems. Supramolecular Chemistry at Surfaces covers different methods of preparing and studying self-assembled structures at surfaces and interfaces. The book starts with a general introduction concerning the nature of surfaces followed by specific sections discussing different techniques to characterise surface-based supramolecular systems. Each chapter then goes on to address different surface systems including the surface of water; physisorbed layers at interfaces; chemisorbed layers at interfaces; polyelectrolyte systems; thin films; dynamic systems; and patterning. Written by a leading expert in the field, this is the first book to give a multidisciplinary view of the supramolecular aspects of interfaces providing the reader with an objective summary of all the deposition methods and their characterisation. The book will appeal to students and researchers in supramolecular chemistry, nanoscience, polymer chemistry and physics, surface science and materials science.

Recent advances in nanofabrication and subwavelength optical characterisation have led to significant new advances in plasmonics. In addition to traditional top-down nanofabrication techniques, chemical-based fabrication has emerged as an inexpensive and viable alternative with electrochemical and self-organisation methods for fabrication of plasmonic nanoparticles and extended plasmonic structures. This volume aims to highlight the most recent breakthroughs in this multidisciplinary field and hear from the different perspectives of physicists, chemists and biologists. It connects the various subdisciplines in the field and defines the most challenging problems for the future. This volume is focused on areas where progress is expected to have a most significant impact on a whole area of nanoplasmonics and on commercial exploitation. In this volume the topics covered include: Plasmonic nanoparticles and metamaterials with designed optical properties Surface plasmon enhanced spectroscopies Quantum plasmonics, gain and spasers Biosensing and biomedical applications of plasmonics

Pushing the frontiers of electrochemistry—a survey of new surface imaging techniques.

This latest installment in the Frontiers of Electrochemistry series helps readers gain insight into one of the hottest areas of modern electrochemistry. Tracing recent advances in the imaging of electrified surfaces, this volume describes cutting-edge techniques that allow us to record real-time and real-space images with atomic resolution, observe structures of surfaces and interfaces directly on a display, study the distribution of atoms and molecules during a surface reaction, and much more.

Leading international authorities discuss surface imaging techniques used in technologies involving electrocrystallization and electrodeposition of metals—employing numerous examples to demonstrate site specificity of electrode processes, and discussing applications to electronic materials such as the capacity to print nanopatterns at electrode surfaces. They cover techniques that advance our understanding of the properties of organic films and surfaces and interfaces, including scanning electron microscopy and microprobes and atomic force microscopy. Finally, they review the theory of electron tunneling at the metal/solution interface, helping readers interpret images of electrode surfaces obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy.

Designed to meet the needs of specialists and nonspecialists alike, Imaging of Surfaces and Interfaces provides plenty of background material along with eight color plates. It is an important resource for scientists involved in electrochemistry, surface science, materials science, and electrodeposition technologies.

The development of smart materials for environmental applications is a highly innovative and promising new approach to meet the increasing demands from society on water resources and pollution remediation. Smart materials with surfaces that can reversibly respond to stimuli from internal and external environments by changing their properties show great promise as solutions for global environmental issues. Many of these functional materials are inspired by biological systems, that use sophisticated material interfaces to display high levels of adaptability to their environment. Leading researchers present the latest information on the current and potential applications of omniphobic slippery coatings, responsive particle stabilized emulsions and self-healing surfaces among other functional materials. The book contains a section dedicated to water treatment and harvesting, describing and explaining strategies such as use of copolymer membranes and surfaces with patterned wettability. It provides a valuable source of information for environmental, materials, polymer and nano-scientists interested in environmental applications of functional material surfaces.

Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces 2D Networks and 2D Structures Explore the cutting-edge in 2D chemistry on surfaces and its applications In Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces: 2D Networks and 2D Structures, expert chemist Neil R. Champness delivers a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of two-dimensional supramolecular chemistry on surfaces. The book offers explorations of the state-of-the-art in the discipline and demonstrates the potential of the latest advances and the challenges faced by researchers in different areas. The editor includes contributions from leading researchers that address new spectroscopic methods which allow for investigations at a sub-molecular level, opening up new areas of understanding in the field. Included resources also discuss important supramolecular strategies, like hydrogen-bonding, van der Waals interactions, metal-ligand coordination, multicomponent assembly, and more. The book also provides: A thorough introduction to two-dimensional supramolecular chemistry on surfaces Comprehensive explorations of the characterization and interpretation of on-surface chemical reactions studied by ultra-high resolution scanning probe microscopy Practical discussions of complexity in two-dimensional multicomponent assembly, including explorations of coordination bonds and quasicrystalline structures In-depth examinations of covalently bonded organic structures via on-surface synthesis Perfect for polymer chemists, spectroscopists, and materials scientists, Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces: 2D Networks and 2D Structures will also earn a place in the libraries of physical and surface chemists, as well as surface physicists.

Borne out of the current widespread interest in the pollution of water bodies, this book explores the latest research concerning the photochemical fate of organic pollutants in surface water. Considering both the functioning of ecosystems and the behaviour of emerging pollutants in those ecosystems, it is dedicated to techniques that can be used in the field and in the laboratory for the detection of pollutants and of their transformation intermediates. The inclusion of photochemical processes that have not gained previous coverage will afford the reader novel insights, whilst the focus on modelling and transformation intermediates will ensure the title's relevance to academics, the chemical manufacturing industries and environmental assessment experts alike.

In this exciting new title all aspects of nanoalloys are explored, including synthesis, characterisation, theory and simulation, property measurements and technological applications. Nanoalloys are of great interest due to their unique structures and properties which are distinct from those of the pure elemental clusters. They are used in a wide range of applications and their chemical and physical properties can be tuned by varying composition, atomic ordering, or clusters. This book will be of interest to academics working at the interfaces between chemistry, materials, physics and nanoscience, and to those working in the nanotechnology, catalysis and optoelectronics areas of industry.