This is the first textbook to offer a comprehensive account of ocular prosthetics and the evidence used to underpin and support this field of healthcare. It does so by bringing together information from ophthalmology, prosthetic eye and contact lens literature, and from experts actively engaged in these fields. The book describes the psychological, anatomical and physiological aspects of eye loss as well as surgical procedures for removing the eye, patient evaluation, constructing prosthetic eyes (including prosthetic and surgical techniques for dealing with socket complications), the socket's response to prosthetic eyes, prosthetic eye maintenance and the history of prosthetic eyes. Though primarily intended for prosthetists, ophthalmologists, ophthalmic nurses, optometrists and students in the fields of ocular medicine, maxillofacial medicine and anaplastology, the book also offers a useful resource for other health workers and family members who care for prosthetic eye patients, and for those patients seeking a deeper understanding of the issues affecting them than they can find elsewhere.

This book serves a snapshot of the current knowledge base in field. As human papillomavirus (HPV) causes a rising number of oropharyngeal cancers, understanding the biological, clinical and social implications of this infection has become increasingly important for head and neck practitioners. This book reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the scientific and clinical questions involved in this disease. Experts in epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer present in-depth reviews which will help to improve the reader's understanding of this topic. The authors provide insight for answers of common patient and provider questions about HPV infection and related disease, and highlight remaining questions to be answered in the coming years.

This pocket manual is a quick-reference handbook for general thoracic surgery. It is organized into 9 chapters providing a concise, yet inclusive list of the most common pathologies seen in thoracic surgery: pre-operative evaluation, peri-operative care, lungs and airways (divided into 3 separate sections to cover the vast number of topics), pleural disorders, mediastinal disorders, chest wall disorders, thoracic trauma, and benign and malignant esophageal disorders. The content of each chapter was specifically structured to make the handbook a high-yield reference that includes numerous management algorithms, flow diagrams, tables and images. Unlike a comprehensive textbook, paragraphs are kept at a minimum and the written material is presented using lists and bullet points to facilitate learning and retention. More importantly, the content is evidence-based and highlights the various controversies in the field. The Pocket Manual of General Thoracic Surgery is an irreplaceable educational tool amongst trainees and practicing physicians.

Biotherapy is defined as the use of living organisms in the treatment and diagnosis of human and animal diseases. This volume is an evocative exploration of the history, scientific basis and practical use of the major biotherapy modalities. The authors provide researchers and practitioners interested in this field, with cutting-edge material on the latest key advances in the following fields of biotherapy: Maggot Therapy, Hirudotherapy, Bee Venom Therapy, Apitherapy, Ichthyotherapy, Helminth Therapy, Phage Therapy, Animal Assisted Therapy, Canine Olfactory Detection. In addition, the authors provide with their chapters an extensive bibliography that represents a state-of-the-art survey of the literature. Comprehensive and current, this fresh volume of reviews is an essential resource for professionals who need to stay ahead of the game in the exciting field of biotherapy.

Organ transplantation is a much-discussed subject, and the importance of living organ donation is increasing significantly. Yet despite all efforts, too few donor organs are available to help all patients in need. This book analyses whether the national legal regulations are also partly responsible for the organ shortage in the Member States of the European Union. In addition to a detailed analysis of the various national regulations, the main arguments in favour of and against legal restrictions on living organ donation are considered. Furthermore, the European Union's authority is investigated, namely, whether it is entitled to establish statutory provisions for the Member States with respect to a harmonized regulation of living organ donation. Based on the results of the analysis, the author establishes a Best Practice Proposal for living organ donation.

The skin is the largest human organ system. Loss of skin integrity due to injury or illness results in a substantial physiologic imbalance and ultimately in severe disability or death. The most common cause of significant skin loss is thermal injury, followed by trauma and chronic ulcerations. Over the past decades extraordinary advances have been made in the understanding of cellular and molecular processes of wound healing and the pathobiology of chronic wounds. This knowledge has led to wound care innovations that facilitate more rapid closure of wounds with better functional and aesthetic outcome. A sensible and resource-saving utilization of these innovative technologies requires a broad knowledge of these processes and innovations. This book intends to give an overview about today's wound care developments in tissue engineering and skin replacement. It presents a variety of indications and diversities of clinical applications to help the surgeon select a specific procedure for each clinical situation.

Bringing together the most up-to-date research on post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) and its management, this book is a comprehensive presentation of the current thinking on all aspects of the mechanisms of joint injury and subsequent development of PTA. Divided into thematic sections, it includes discussions of the incidence and burden of PTA, both in society at large and in the military population specifically; the relevant experimental work on PTA, from basic science to animal models; peri-articular tissue responses to of joint injury and potential mechanisms of PTA; the current clinical assessment and treatment of common joint injuries leading to PTA; and emerging technologies and treatments for PTA, including biomarkers and stem cell therapies. Taken together, it will be an invaluable resource for orthopedic surgeons, rheumatologists and other joint injury researchers and clinicians.

This book focuses on the current clinical practice, outcome and the future development of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in surgical settings. A major objective of this work is to address "What is the optimal design and fixation of the implants we use for knee arthroplasty reconstruction? What are the gold standards? and, Can we do better?". In an attempt to throw light on these questions, the authors evaluate data from clinical studies and assess various factors which may influence the long term outcome of TKA. Many variables such as age, severity, implant design and surgical techniques for appropriate component placement and soft tissue balancing are explored in great detail by expert surgeons in the field. Total Knee Arthroplasty: Long Term Outcomes will be a useful resource for recently qualified surgeons in search of an introduction to this topic and for more experienced surgeons seeking an in-depth critical review of current practices in TKA.

This is a multi-author book on hilar cholangiocarcinoma, written by an international team of world-renowned experts covering topics in their respective areas of expertise. There are altogether 71 authors from 14 countries/regions, mainly Argentina, Australia, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. This book aims to provide an up-to-date, fully referenced text that is as succinct as possible, but as comprehensive as necessary, addressing all topics in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. It provides the latest findings in the rapidly advancing field of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Controversial aspects are discussed by highly regarded authorities who look at the problem from different perspectives. A helpful list of references is included at the end of each chapter. The extensive use of diagrams, figures and tables makes the text easy to read. This book is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers who are interested in hilar cholangiocarcinoma, including liver surgeons, hepatologists, interventional and diagnostic radiologists, and basic researchers. General physicians, general surgeons, trainees, epidemiologists, hospital administrators, pathologists and instrument manufacturers will also find this book to be a valuable reference work. Editor Lau is currently a Professor of Surgery at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and an Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

This book offers a comprehensive guide to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that will assist in achieving excellent outcomes based on a sound understanding and technique. After an introductory section on the native knee that covers the anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and patterns of disease, all aspects of primary knee arthroplasty are discussed in detail. Individual chapters are devoted to topics such as acute pain management, the role of technological aids, prosthetic kinematics, alignment targets, unicompartmental arthroplasty, patellar resurfacing, outcome measures, and cost-effectiveness. An extensive section explains the causes and management of potential complications, including aseptic failure, infections, and periprosthetic fracture. The surgical techniques appropriate for revision knee arthroplasty are described separately, and guidelines on how to deal with bone loss, instability, and extensor mechanism failure are provided. The authors are all respected experts from the United Kingdom, United States, Australia and Europe.

In recent years, The impact of the inflammatory response in cardiovascular surgery has been a focus of much attention within the field of cardiac surgery. Despite that, scientific research on the topic is still lacking in the health science literature. To develop the bank of information available to all involved in the field, the Editors of this book have assembled a group of leading experts to investigate the most current and exciting topics related to inflammation and cardiovascular surgery. As such Inflammatory Response in Cardiovascular Surgery is vital reading for all involved in the management of cardiovascular surgical patients, such as cardiovascular and transplant surgeons, anesthesiologists, intensive care physicians, cardiovascular and vascular fellows, and researchers.

This book provides a comprehensive, rigorous review of the long-term outcome literature in epilepsy surgery in both adults and children. Each chapter examines the long-term outcome literature in a separate domain; covering seizure control, social, vocational/educational and psychiatric outcomes. Behavior and cognition are also discussed. The clinical predictors of good and bad outcomes in each domain are described and the gaps in current knowledge are highlighted. Separate chapters examine the methodological challenges associated with long-term outcome studies and the special considerations associated with informed consent in this population. Long-Term Outcomes of Epilepsy Surgery in Adults and Children is essential reading for all members of multidisciplinary epilepsy surgery teams, including neurosurgeons, neurologists and neuropsychologists; it will enable these teams to counsel patients and parents who are considering epilepsy surgery as a therapeutic option.

This second, updated edition of Inflammatory Diseases of the Brain provides a comprehensive overview of the field from a neuroradiological point of view. In order to ensure a standardized approach throughout, each disease-oriented chapter is again subdivided into three principal sections: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and therapy; imaging; and differential diagnosis. A separate chapter addresses technical and methodological issues and imaging protocols. An important focus of the book is the current role of advanced MR imaging techniques, such as diffusion and perfusion MRI and MR spectroscopy, in the differentiation of inflammatory and other brain diseases. All of the authors are recognized experts, and the numerous high-quality and informative illustrations include some not contained in the first edition. This book will be of great value not only to neuroradiologists but also to neurologists, neuropediatricians, and general radiologists.

Since its introduction about sixty years ago, stereotactic and functional neurosurgery has evolved into a fascinating and interdisciplinary endeavor that combines modern neurosurgery, neurobiology, and neuroimaging with innovative diagnostic and treatment strategies. In this collection, acknowledged experts from Europe and North and South America present their scientific and clinical experience in stereotactic and functional neurosurgery for movement disorders and brain tumors. The contributions present a wide range from the beginnings of human stereotactic neurosurgery to the most modern molecular and restorative strategies to treat diseases of the human nervous system. They clearly demonstrate that the discipline is still young and dynamic with alternative and sometimes competing strategies whose evaluation is underway. They also document that operative lesioning techniques such as thalamotomies, though still chosen under certain circumstances, have been succeeded by novel neuromodulation techniques such as deep brain stimulation in the great majority of clinical cases.

This comprehensive and practical book fills the current knowledge gap about the incidence and characteristics of seizures in all kinds of cerebrovascular disorders. Chapters are divided according to the nature of cerebrovascular diseases and highlight incidence, early versus late onset seizure types, pathophysiology, electro-clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis. Authored by leaders in the field of epilepsy and stroke, Seizures in Cerebrovascular Disorders is an excellent resource for the daily management of patients suffering from this disease overlap.

This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in basic and translational research in the field of reconstructive transplantation and its potential therapeutic implications. Dr. Thomas E. Starzl and Dr. Raimund Margreiter, both pioneers in the field of transplantation, have written the foreword for the book. The volume spans such topics as skin rejection, immune monitoring, stem cell-based immunomodulatory strategies, costimulatory blockade, tolerance induction, chronic rejection, ischemia reperfusion injury, nerve regeneration, cortical reintegration, and small and large animal models for reconstructive transplantation. The book is intended for biomedical researchers and basic scientists in the field of reconstructive transplantation, transplant immunology and regenerative medicine, as well as clinicians, surgeons and multidisciplinary specialists, who are practicing or interested in this novel and exciting field. Postgraduate fellows and students will also find it a valuable reference.

This text provides a state of the art overview of tools for guiding surgeons in the modern operating room. The text explains how many modalities in the current armamentarium of radiologic imaging have been brought to the operating room for real time use. It also explains the current use of near infrared, fluorescent, and chemo-luminescent imaging to guide minimally invasive and open surgery to improve outcome. The book is separated into two sections. The first, discusses the biologic principles that underlie novel visualization of normal organs and pathology. The currently available equipment and equipment anticipated in the near future is covered. The second section summarizes current clinical applications of advanced imaging and visualization in the OR. Novel means of visualizing normal anatomic structures such as nerves, bile duct, and vessels that enhance safety of many operations are covered. Novel biologic imaging using radio-labeled and fluorescent-labeled molecular probes that allow identification of inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and cancer are also discussed.Authored by scientists who pioneer research in optics and radiology, tool makers who use this knowledge to make surgical equipment, and surgeons who innovate the field of surgery using these new operative tools, Imaging and Visualization in the Modern Operating Room is a valuable guide for surgeons, residents and fellows entering the field.

Diagnosis of benign liver tumors is experiencing exponential growth, mainly owing to the diffusion of more accurate imaging techniques. This monograph examines the epidemiology, histopathology and genetics of these tumors and provides a systematic overview of their evolution and differential diagnosis. Care is taken to document surgical indications accurately, with a view to assisting in the avoidance of useless interventions. Open, laparoscopic and robotic surgical techniques are described and illustrated, emphasizing the optimization of intra- and postoperative management in order to avoid potential complications and degeneration. In these chapters, attention is drawn to the ways in which the surgical management of benign liver tumors differs from that of malignant tumors. The book concludes by examining the role of interventional radiology in patients with benign liver tumors.

This book aims to provide an up-to-date review of the literature in each of the major areas relating to the management of older colorectal cancers patients, and makes recommendations for best practice and future research. The authors come from a broad geographic spread including the UK, mainland Europe and North America to ensure a worldwide relevance.

Providing clinicians with a comprehensive, evidence-based summary of musculoskeletal health in pregnancy and postpartum, this is the first book of its kind to describe the physiologic changes, prevalence, etiology, diagnostic strategies, and effective treatments for the most common musculoskeletal clinical conditions encountered during this phase of life. Lumbopelvic pain, upper and lower extremity diagnoses, labor and delivery considerations, including the impact on the pelvic floor, and medical therapeutics will be discussed. Additionally, the importance and influence of exercise in pregnancy, the long-term implications of musculoskeletal health in pregnancy and current and future directions for research will be addressed. The childbearing period is a time of remarkable reproductive and musculoskeletal change, predisposing women to potential injury, pain, and resultant disability. Musculoskeletal Health in Pregnancy and Postpartum offers musculoskeletal medicine specialists, obstetricians and any clinicians involved in the care of pregnant or postpartum women the tools necessary to prepare for, treat and prevent these concurrent injuries during an already challenging time.

Primary care physicians are increasingly called upon to identify and manage complex musculoskeletal issues in their patients. This second edition of Common Musculoskeletal Problems in Primary Care: A Handbook is an excellent point of care resource for health care providers to better diagnose and treat patients presenting with common musculoskeletal complaints. Each chapter in this book focuses on a specific joint or region and discusses anatomy, red flags, approach to the patient, common clinical presentations and management, and includes a flow diagram to help direct management and follow-up of a patient's problem. A number of important updates in the field have been addressed in this revised version, most notably the inclusion of information on meaningful use. Meaningful Use legislation requires that healthcare providers give documentation on diagnosis and treatment to every patient at the time of their evaluation and as such, each chapter of this revised edition includes patient instructions and education sections for clinicians. Updated algorithms and physical examination sheets are provided and are formatted to easily fit into an electronic medical record. Featuring a user-friendly approach and step-by-step guidelines for managing a number of common musculoskeletal conditions, this handbook is an ideal reference for medical students, primary care residents and practicing primary care providers alike.

The majority of the obese population still does not take advantage of the available surgical possibilities. Clinical research should be oriented towards less invasive procedures that could be accepted by the mainstream. In 2012, most non-invasive bariatric techniques are still not standardized or sufficiently assessed, but they are being constantly upgraded. The purpose of this book is to spark a discussion between experts from around the world, and to gather relevant information on new technologies that will make it possible to enlarge the vision of bariatric care to a growing number of morbid obese and non-morbid obese patients.

One in two of us will develop cancer at some point in our lives and yet many of us don't understand how cancers arise. How many different kinds of cancer are there? What treatments are available? What does the future hold in terms of developing new therapies? This book demystifies cancer by explaining the underlying cell and molecular biology in a clear and accessible style. It answers the questions commonly asked about cancer such as what causes cancer and how cancer develops. It explains how DNA makes proteins and how mutations can corrupt those proteins. It also gives an overview of current therapies and how treatments may advance over the next decades, as well as explaining what actions we can take to help prevent cancer developing. Understanding Cancer is an accessible and engaging introduction to cancer biology for any interested reader.

Concise, thorough, and superbly illustrated, Atlas of Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery, 4th Edition, is an ideal resource for learning new techniques or briefly reviewing before a case. Written and edited by renowned experts in the field of laparoscopic and robotic surgery, this practical text covers today's best minimally invasive approaches using the surgical systems, equipment, and robotic devices in use today. More than three hours of video instruction, an increased focus on robotics and new urologic procedures, and step-by-step illustrations help you sharpen your skills in this high-demand area. Contains new chapters on Post Operative Management: Pain and Other Considerations for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS); Bladder Reconstruction in Children; Sacrocolpopexy; Applications for Infertility Surgeries; and Surgery of the Spermatic Cord. Includes new and updated information on nephrectomy, adrenalectomy and partial adrenalectomy, urinary diversion, and partial cystectomy and diverticulectomy. Offers new content on camera and lens systems, instrumentation, the da Vinci surgical system, pyelo/ureterolithotomy, robotic-assisted and laparoscopic simple prostatectomy, and more. Covers radical robotic prostatectomy, innovative approaches to treat ureteral strictures, up-to-date surgical care of malignancies, and novel pediatric surgeries. Features more than 30 high-quality videos online (many are new) including robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, robotic assisted kidney transplantation, robotic simple prostatectomy, robotic cystectomy and robotic neobladder evolution, laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy, and many more. Provides clinical pearls, tips and tricks, and complications boxes throughout. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

In this issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics, guest editor Dr. Natalie Lui brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Oncology Imaging: Updates and Advancements. Treatment planning and implementation in oncology relies heavily on cancer imaging modalities. In this issue, top experts in the field of oncology imaging discuss the latest imaging techniques and modalities for the most common malignancies, such as lung, breast, and liver cancer, as well as a timely article on 3D CT reconstruction and printing to aid surgical planning. Contains 10 practice-oriented topics including fluoroestradiol imaging of ER+ breast cancer; advances in imaging to aid segmentectomy for lung cancer; 3D computed tomography reconstruction and printing to aid surgical planning; molecular imaging of head and neck cancer; contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound of the liver; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on oncology imaging, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.