The Community Intervention Trial for smoking cessation (COMMIT) is sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and involves eleven pairs of communities in North America. COMMIT emphasizes a partnership between the eleven research institutions and their respective intervention communities in developing the structures needed to implement the intervention protocol. We summarize the epidemiological data and describe the prior community interventions that set the stage for COMMIT, and discuss how COMMIT may inform state-wide tobacco reduction demonstration programs. An overview of the articles that describe the COMMIT intervention and evaluation plan is presented.

Systematic assessment of dissociation is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of trauma survivors. The SCID-D is an interactive, semi-structured interview for assessing dissociative symptoms and disorders in adults and adolescents based on Dr. Steinberg's innovative Five Component Model of Dissociation Assessment (amnesia, depersonalization, derealization, identity confusion, and identity alteration). Over 30 years of worldwide research and clinical use have confirmed the reliability and validity of the SCID-D interview, and its universality across cultures. The interview has demonstrated a powerful ability to distinguish people with dissociative symptoms and disorders from those with other conditions, and it is widely regarded as the gold standard in the field. This edition of the SCID-D includes all the psychometrically validated interview questions of previous editions, preserving its excellent psychometric properties. The SCID-D is a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers assessing individuals suffering from complex posttraumatic and dissociative disorders. In the hands of a nonjudgmental empathic interviewer, the SCID-D is more than just a diagnostic tool; it can also accelerate the therapeutic alliance, promote client insight, and provide a roadmap for healing. The SCID-D's evaluation method is independent of DSM or ICD nosology, though its results can be mapped into their diagnostic criteria. Administering and scoring the SCID-D interview requires familiarity with the Interviewer's Guide to the SCID-D. Sold as pack of 5.

From student athletes to professional football players to military personnel, the experiences of diverse groups are driving clinical and research efforts toward better treatment of traumatic brain injury. And as more is understood about the complexities of the condition, especially in its milder forms, the greater the need for clinical expertise in assessment and intervention. The Handbook on the Neuropsychology of Traumatic Brain Injury collects and synthesizes the latest thinking on the condition in its variety of cognitive and behavioral presentations, matched by a variety of clinical responses. Acknowledging the continuum of injury and the multi-stage nature of recovery, expert contributors review salient research data and offer clinical guidelines for the neuropsychologist working with TBI patients, detailing key areas of impairment, brief and comprehensive assessment methods and proven rehabilitation strategies. Taken together, these chapters provide a framework for best serving a wide range of TBI patients (including children, elders, and patients in multidisciplinary settings) and model treatment that is evidence-based and relevant.A sample of the topics featured in the Handbook: * Bedside evaluations in TBI.* Outcome assessment in TBI.* Collaborating with family caregivers in the rehabilitation of persons with TBI.* Behavioral assessment of acute neurobehavioral syndromes to inform treatment.* Pediatric TBI: assessment, outcomes, intervention.* Special issues with mild TBI in veterans and active duty service members. Expanding professional knowledge on a topic that continues to grow in importance, the Handbook on the Neuropsychology of Traumatic Brain Injury is a premier resource, not only for neuropsychologists but also for other professionals in cognitive care, and trainees entering the field.

The "Need for Theory" speaks to the burgeoning need for critical thinking in social gerontology. The editors have brought together some of the foremost contributors to theoretical advances in the field. This volume incorporates state-of-the-art theorizing with a focus on selected topical areas facing gerontologists around the world. Using their keen insights into substantive issues, the contributors examine personal and structural changes affecting individuals over the life course. Extolling the need for theory is not enough; the contributors focus their insights on a panoply of substantive issues, linking the personal with the political and with the structural parameters that shape the process of aging, no matter where it occurs.

Drawing on clinical data obtained through the study of children adopted from overseas orphanages, the author of this cutting-edge text applies the Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) conceptual framework to the analysis of psychological, educational and mental health impact of the early childhood trauma on development. A massive scale of international adoption of children, victims of profound neglect and deprivation, combined with the fundamental change in a child's social situation of development after adoption, offers a valuable opportunity to explore the concept of Developmental Trauma Disorder, in particular, developmental delays, emotional vulnerability, "mixed maturity", cumulative cognitive deficit, and post-orphanage behavior patterns, being presented by many adoptees long after the adoption. By focusing on the neurological and psychological nature of childhood trauma, Dr. Gindis offers a unique approach to understanding the ongoing impacts of DTD and the ways in which any subsequent neuropsychological, educational, and mental health issues might be assessed. Offering an evidence-based exploration of DTD, and a critique of "conventional" approaches to rehabilitation and remediation of international adoptees, this book will be of great interest to researchers in the fields of psychology, mental health, education and child development; as well as clinicians involved in trauma treatment and international adoption.

Social Aspects of Memory presents a compelling study of how ordinary people remember war. Whilst the book focuses on the cities of Sarajevo and East Sarajevo during the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Jeftic also presents narratives from other war-torn cities and countries around the world. This book adopts a unique approach, by looking at how perpetrators and victims (as well as new generations who may not remember the war directly) manage in the aftermath of war. Jeftic explores how our memories of war and violence are formed, and how we can learn to reconcile those memories, individually and as a collective. Drawing on the author's own extensive empirical research, the book explores the connections between memories for significant war events, transgenerational transmission of memories, bias for in-group wrongdoings and readiness for reconciliation between two groups. Giving a voice to underrepresented narratives and prioritising the importance of expression as a necessary catalyst for reconciliation, this book is essential reading for those interested in collective and transgenerational memory and memory studies, especially in relation to the aftermath of the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Psychoanalytic Studies on Dysphoria: The False Accord in the Divine Symphony depicts the profound dysphoria afflicting certain individuals, and includes the author's own personal experience of this as a German Jewish child during the Holocaust. Marion M. Oliner explores the impact of catastrophic events on the lives of individuals and their descendants from a broadly psychoanalytic perspective. The book focuses on the interplay between the experience and the unconscious meaning attributed to the trauma, and the ways in which patients may feel guilt, and blame themselves for the events and effects of their trauma. Drawing on the work of Freud and Winnicott, and with emphasis on the traumas suffered during the Second World War, Oliner offers new ways of understanding how resistant to treatment such traumas can be, and how the analyst can understand the experiences. The chapters span the evolution undergone in the nearly four decades of practice by the author. The book references a range of works including some taken from the German and French psychoanalytic literature, some never published in English. Taken together they aim at keeping the vitality of psychoanalysis without idealization, while discarding concepts whose essence is static, and therefore unhelpful. Psychoanalytic Studies on Dysphoria will appeal to psychoanalysts as well as other mental health professionals working with self-defeating behavior as a result of trauma.

Therapists and counsellors, in training and practice, will welcome this concise and practical introduction to the TIR approach for helping clients with PTSD and other human traumas. The book is application-based, providing a step-by-step guide from initial assessment to the last counselling session, illustrated with many examples from actual sessions. TIR is a person-centred, structured approach which can

• achieve symptom resolution in a brief course of counselling (often about 20 hours)
• respect and value the client’s experience and needs
• work alongside a variety of therapy methods in a holistic way
• minimise the risk of re-traumatisation

Psychoanalytic Studies on Dysphoria: The False Accord in the Divine Symphony depicts the profound dysphoria afflicting certain individuals, and includes the author's own personal experience of this as a German Jewish child during the Holocaust. Marion M. Oliner explores the impact of catastrophic events on the lives of individuals and their descendants from a broadly psychoanalytic perspective. The book focuses on the interplay between the experience and the unconscious meaning attributed to the trauma, and the ways in which patients may feel guilt, and blame themselves for the events and effects of their trauma. Drawing on the work of Freud and Winnicott, and with emphasis on the traumas suffered during the Second World War, Oliner offers new ways of understanding how resistant to treatment such traumas can be, and how the analyst can understand the experiences. The chapters span the evolution undergone in the nearly four decades of practice by the author. The book references a range of works including some taken from the German and French psychoanalytic literature, some never published in English. Taken together they aim at keeping the vitality of psychoanalysis without idealization, while discarding concepts whose essence is static, and therefore unhelpful. Psychoanalytic Studies on Dysphoria will appeal to psychoanalysts as well as other mental health professionals working with self-defeating behavior as a result of trauma.

In this volume leading academics explore the relationship between the experiences of terror and helplessness, the way in which survivors remember and the representation of these memories in the language and form of their life stories.

Paul Valent sees that the dialectic is not between "life and death" but between "life and trauma". This text theorizes that the big issues of life can now be approached through the science of traumatology. Through communication with, and observation of, people whose lives have been stretched under stress or disrupted by trauma, the fulfilling components of their lives can be defined, oriented and categorized. It introduces the theory on the back of clinical and historical material, examining the current state of such concepts as stress, trauma, defences, memories, post post-traumatic stress disorder, and other illnesses.; It should be of interest to those in the healing professions or to those who work with traumatized individuals lawyers, social workers and the clergy and those in the humanities in general.

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Paul Valent sees that the dialectic is not between "life and death" but between "life and trauma". This text theorizes that the big issues of life can now be approached through the science of traumatology. Through communication with, and observation of, people whose lives have been stretched under stress or disrupted by trauma, the fulfilling components of their lives can be defined, oriented and categorized. It introduces the theory on the back of clinical and historical material, examining the current state of such concepts as stress, trauma, defences, memories, post post-traumatic stress disorder, and other illnesses. It should be of interest to those in the healing professions or to those who work with traumatized individuals (lawyers, social workers and the clergy) and those in the humanities in general.

During his lifetime John Bowlby, the founder of attachment theory, was unable to publish as he wished due to strong opposition to his ideas. Now, with the support of the Bowlby family, several complete and near-complete works from the John Bowlby Archive at the Wellcome Collection are published for the first time. The collection spans Bowlby's thinking from his early ideas to later reflections, and is split into four parts. Part 1 includes essays on the topic of loss, mourning and depression, outlining his thoughts on the role of defence mechanisms. Part 2 covers Bowlby's ideas around anxiety, guilt and identification, including reflections on his observations of and work with evacuated children. Part 3 features three seminars on the subject of conflict, in which Bowlby relates clinical concepts to both political philosophy and psychoanalysis in innovative ways. Part 4 consists of Bowlby's later reflections on trauma and loss, and on his own work as a therapist. This remarkable collection not only clarifies Bowlby's relationship with psychoanalysis but features his elaboration of key concepts in attachment theory and important moments of self-criticism. It will be essential reading for clinicians, researchers, and others interested in human development, relationships and adversity.

Presents a view of hospice care through the eyes of a long-term hospice nurse. This title includes stories which are accompanied by discussion of end-of-life issues that arise among the families hospice nurse has served. It is useful for health care and social worker and layperson alike.

Published in 2000. Child abuse is endemic, it comes in many forms and its categories are not closed. This book looks at responses to aspects of child abuse in all five continents. The definitions are different, though not all that different, the legal emphases vary and so do management techniques. This book reveals the importance of culture and structure in the commitment to eradicate the problem.

Psychological stress is often overlooked by medical doctors as a major factor in physiologically based illness; however, clinical studies show that stress has a vital impact on both the mental and physical well-being of patients. Handbook of Stress Medicine: An Organ System Approach focuses on the relationship between stress and the physiology and pathology of the major organ systems of the body. It suggests that understanding how stress impacts on illnesses can help hold down medical costs through more accurate diagnoses and promote improved preventative care. Section I offers a general background on stress as it relates to medicine and the difficulties in conducting stress-related research. The primary focus of the text, how stress effects specific organ systems, is examined using scientific and clinical data in Section II. The third section addresses the impact of stress on important medical problems of current interest, such as AIDS, cancer, and substance abuse. It also discusses anxiety disorders. The next section covers topics related to stress, such as stress measurement, stress in the workplace, and the psychodynamics of stress. The final section explores the major pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of stress and anxiety disorders. This book will assist physicians, psychologists, nurses, physical therapists, and other health care professionals recognize possible stress-related problems, educate their patients, and develop therapeutic strategies for reducing stress and stress-related illnesses.

This volume offers a realistic discussion of the complexity of the treatment of traumatic and dissociative experiences in eating disorders. The authors investigate critical issues concerning contraindications and the pitfalls of treatment while reflecting on the longterm outcomes of treatment.

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This book challenges the assumptions of the event-dominated DSM model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Bowmam examines a series of questions directed at the current mental health model, reviewing the empirical literature. She finds that the dose-response assumptions are not supported; the severity of events is not reliable associated with PTSD, but is more reliably associated with important pre-event risk factors. She reviews evidence showing the greater role of individual differences including trait negative affectivity, belief systems, and other risk factors, in comparison with event characteristics, in predicting the disorder. The implications for treatment are significant, as treatment protocols reflect the DSM assertion that event exposure is the cause of the disorder, implying it should be the focus of treatment. Bowman also suggests that an event focus in diagnosis anad treatment risks increases the disorder because it does not provide sufficient attention to important pre-exisiting risk factors.

Virtually every wound, whether surgical or traumatic, needs to be closed to promote wound healing and prevent infection. Increasingly sophisticated and effective materials for the crucial surgical treatment of wound closure are being developed continuously. Keep up with the most recent research progress and future trends in this complex and rapidly changing field with Wound Closure Biomaterial and Devices. This state-of-the-art book provides detailed information and critical discussions on:
o Sutures and other wound closure devices, including absorbable sutures and their biodegradation properties
o The chemistry, physics, mechanics, biology, and biomaterials science of suture materials
o Tissue adhesive, ligating clips, and staplers
o The biomechanics and pathology of wound healing
o Future trends and new emerging materials in the treatment of wound closure

Emotions, behaviors, thoughts, creations, planning, daily physical activities, and routines are programmed within our brains. To acquire these capacities, the brain takes time to fully develop--a process that may take the first 20 years of life. Disruptions of the brain involving neurons, axons, dendrites, synapses, neurotransmitters or brain infrastructure produce profound changes in development and functions of the one organ that makes us unique. To understand the functions and development of the brain is difficult enough, but to reverse the consequences of trauma and repair the damage is even more challenging. To meet this challenge and increase understanding, a host of disciplines working and communicating together are required.
The International Association for the Study of Traumatic Brain Injury tried to correct this limitation during its meetings of international clinicians, researchers, and scientists from many fields. It was felt that many of the outstanding thoughts and ideas from the participants' most recent meeting and from others working in the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI) should be shared. This book was conceived not as proceedings of the conference, but as a collection of knowledge for those working in the acute and chronic recovery aspects of head injury.
This book reflects the importance of the team approach to patients with TBI. The chapter authors come from a diverse array of disciplines--basic science, neurosurgery, neurology, radiology, psychology, neuropsychology, and legal, consumer, and speech/language science. Their contributions provide the most current research and the latest ways of managing a variety of aspects of TBI.

Emotions, behaviors, thoughts, creations, planning, daily physical activities, and routines are programmed within our brains. To acquire these capacities, the brain takes time to fully develop--a process that may take the first 20 years of life. Disruptions of the brain involving neurons, axons, dendrites, synapses, neurotransmitters or brain infrastructure produce profound changes in development and functions of the one organ that makes us unique. To understand the functions and development of the brain is difficult enough, but to reverse the consequences of trauma and repair the damage is even more challenging. To meet this challenge and increase understanding, a host of disciplines working and communicating together are required.
The International Association for the Study of Traumatic Brain Injury tried to correct this limitation during its meetings of international clinicians, researchers, and scientists from many fields. It was felt that many of the outstanding thoughts and ideas from the participants' most recent meeting and from others working in the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI) should be shared. This book was conceived not as proceedings of the conference, but as a collection of knowledge for those working in the acute and chronic recovery aspects of head injury.
This book reflects the importance of the team approach to patients with TBI. The chapter authors come from a diverse array of disciplines--basic science, neurosurgery, neurology, radiology, psychology, neuropsychology, and legal, consumer, and speech/language science. Their contributions provide the most current research and the latest ways of managing a variety of aspects of TBI.

Re-Circuiting Trauma Pathways in Adults, Parents, and Children presents the evidence-informed and substantiated Intergenerational Trauma Treatment Model (ITTM), with an emphasis on up-to-date trauma theory, the development of specialized clinical skills, and the replicability of methods. Grounded in original research, experiential practice, and mathematical principles of logic, the ITTM targets and treats both the child's and the caregiver's complex trauma, providing the content and the process for supplying an effective, and brief, caregiver-first treatment option. It delivers an innovative, multigenerational approach to complex trauma treatment that strengthens the caregiver-child relationship by motivating and teaching caregivers to help their children cope with the effects of trauma.

This unique book presents an approach to viewing trauma. It examines the cellular consequences of trauma at a molecular level and provides new insights into the treatment of traumatic injury, based on cellular responses. The current of trauma research is reviewed, previously unpublished information on the topic is presented, and research directions are included.

This timely and exciting new book brings together for the first time the readily available choices of dietary supplements and their relationship to injury rehabilitation. Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine supports the rational use of specific nutrients for specific healing conditions. Guidelines for nutritional programs applied to specific conditions are provided for practical application.