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G Protein Signaling - Methods and Protocols (Hardcover, 2004 ed.)
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G Protein Signaling - Methods and Protocols (Hardcover, 2004 ed.)
Series: Methods in Molecular Biology, 237
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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Since the initial discovery of the G protein-coupled receptor
system that regulates cyclicAMP production, the G protein field has
rapidly expanded. Cell surface receptors that couple to
heterotrimeric G proteins, the G prote- coupled receptors (GPCRs),
number in the hundreds and bind to a wide div- sity of ligands
including, biogenic amines (e. g. , adrenaline), lipid derivatives
(e. g. , lysophosphatidic acid), peptides (e. g. , opioid
peptides), proteins (e. g. , thyroid-stimulating hormone), and
odorants to name a few. The GPCR system is found throughout biology
in such simple organisms as yeast and in such more complex
organisms as Dictyostelium discoideum (slime mold), Caen- habditis
elegans (nematode worm), and of course in humans. GPCRs and their
associated G protein systems are the subject of intense academic
research and because of their involvement in a human biology and
disease, the pharmac- tical industry has large research initiatives
dedicated to the study of GPCRs. By some estimates, more than 50%
of the pharmaceuticals on the market are targeted at GPCRs. The G
protein/G protein-coupled receptor system consists of a receptor
(GPCR), a heterotrimeric G protein consisting of ?, ?, and ?
subunits, and an effector. G protein effector molecules, such as
enzymes or ion channels, respond to acti- tion by the G protein to
generate second messengers or changes in membrane potential that
lead to alterations in cell physiology.
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