Between 1914 and 1918, German anthropologists conducted their
work in the midst of full-scale war. The discipline was relatively
new in German academia when World War I broke out, and, as Andrew
D. Evans reveals in this illuminating book, its development was
profoundly altered by the conflict. As the war shaped the
institutional, ideological, and physical environment for
anthropological work, the discipline turned its back on its liberal
roots and became a nationalist endeavor primarily concerned with
scientific studies of race.
Combining intellectual and cultural history with the history of
science, "Anthropology at War" examines both the origins and
consequences of this shift. Evans locates its roots in the decision
to allow scientists access to prisoner-of-war camps, which prompted
them to focus their research on racial studies of the captives.
Caught up in wartime nationalism, a new generation of
anthropologists began to portray the country's political enemies as
racially different. After the war ended, the importance placed on
racial conceptions and categories persisted, paving the way for the
politicization of scientific inquiry in the years of the ascendancy
of National Socialism.
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