This book presents the ideas and industrial concepts in compact
heat exchanger technology that have been developed in the last 10
years or so. Historically, the development and application of
compact heat exchangers and their surfaces has taken place in a
piecemeal fashion in a number of rather unrelated areas,
principally those of the automotive and prime mover, aerospace,
cryogenic and refrigeration sectors. Much detailed technology,
familiar in one sector, progressed only slowly over the boundary
into another sector. This compartmentalisation was a feature both
of the user industries themselves, and also of the supplier, or
manufacturing industries. These barriers are now breaking down,
with valuable cross-fertilisation taking place.
One of the industrial sectors that is waking up to the challenges
of compact heat exchangers is that broadly defined as the process
sector. If there is a bias in the book, it is towards this sector.
Here, in many cases, the technical challenges are severe, since
high pressures and temperatures are often involved, and working
fluids can be corrosive, reactive or toxic. The opportunities,
however, are correspondingly high, since compacts can offer a
combination of lower capital or installed cost, lower temperature
differences (and hence running costs), and lower inventory. In some
cases they give the opportunity for a radical re-think of the
process design, by the introduction of process intensification (PI)
concepts such as combining process elements in one unit. An example
of this is reaction and heat exchange, which offers, among other
advantages, significantly lower by-product production.
To stimulate future research, the author includes coverage of
hitherto neglected approaches, such as that of the Second Law (of
Thermodynamics), pioneered by Bejan and co- workers. The
justification for this is that there is increasing interest in
life-cycle and sustainable approaches to industrial activity as a
whole, often involving exergy (Second Law) analysis. Heat
exchangers, being fundamental components of energy and process
systems, are both savers and spenders of exergy, according to
interpretation.
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