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Books > History > History of specific subjects > Economic history
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Metropolitan Communities - Trade Guilds, Identity, and Change in Early Modern London (Hardcover)
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Metropolitan Communities - Trade Guilds, Identity, and Change in Early Modern London (Hardcover)
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Many long-held assumptions of historians and literary critics are
sharply challenged in this interpretation of the cultural
consequences of social, economic, and political change in early
modern London. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,
greater London's population nearly quintupled, surpassing 500,000
before 1700, making it Europe's largest metropolis. Contemporaries
often complained that the many problems accompanying this urban
development were the result of immigrants flocking to the rapidly
expanding suburbs around the City of London. Such complaints
assumed that immigrants chose to live outside the City in order to
avoid the economic oversight of its trade guilds.
Sharing such assumptions, many scholars have found an inherent
conflict between residents of the traditional, orderly City and
those of the relatively licentious suburbs. According to their
view, this conflict encouraged both the decline of the guilds and
the appearance of new forms of representation in Renaissance
literature, notably in the plays staged in suburban theatres. The
author offers an alternative to this view of London's expansion.
His argument begins with an analysis of sermons, tracts, and poems
suggesting that some Londoners of the time considered the suburbs
subject to the same kinds of authority as the City, which
consequently made them integral parts of the metropolis. The author
then draws on the records of more than twenty guilds to demonstrate
that many members lived and worked in the suburbs and were as
capable of flaunting City traditions and authority as immigrants;
trade guilds, therefore, were metropolitan by nature.
However, the extent to which guilds continued to offer a sense of
community--of meaningful association--to their members depended in
turn on the desire of individual members to identify themselves
with their guild's goals and values. The author argues that guilds,
as principal sites for the collision of tradition and innovation,
generally took a flexible approach to change rather than simply
trying to prevent it.
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