Applied plant genomics and biotechnology reviews the recent
advancements in the post-genomic era, discussing how different
varieties respond to abiotic and biotic stresses, investigating
epigenetic modifications and epigenetic memory through analysis of
DNA methylation states, applicative uses of RNA silencing and RNA
interference in plant physiology and in experimental transgenics,
and plants modified to produce high-value pharmaceutical proteins.
The book provides an overview of research advances in application
of RNA silencing and RNA interference, through Virus-based
transient gene expression systems, Virus induced gene
complementation (VIGC), Virus induced gene silencing (Sir VIGS, Mr
VIGS) Virus-based microRNA silencing (VbMS) and Virus-based RNA
mobility assays (VRMA); RNA based vaccines and expression of virus
proteins or RNA, and virus-like particles in plants, the potential
of virus vaccines and therapeutics, and exploring plants as
factories for useful products and pharmaceuticals are topics wholly
deepened. The book reviews and discuss Plant Functional Genomic
studies discussing the technologies supporting the genetic
improvement of plants and the production of plant varieties more
resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Several important crops
are analysed providing a glimpse on the most up-to-date methods and
topics of investigation. The book presents a review on current
state of GMO, the cisgenesis-derived plants and novel plant
products devoid of transgene elements, discuss their regulation and
the production of desired traits such as resistance to viruses and
disease also in fruit trees and wood trees with long vegetative
periods. Several chapters cover aspects of plant physiology related
to plant improvement: cytokinin metabolism and hormone signaling
pathways are discussed in barley; PARP-domain proteins involved in
Stress-Induced Morphogenetic Response, regulation of NAD signaling
and ROS dependent synthesis of anthocyanins. Apple allergen
isoforms and the various content in different varieties are
discussed and approaches to reduce their presence. Euphorbiaceae,
castor bean, cassava and Jathropa are discussed at genomic
structure, their diseases and viruses, and methods of
transformation. Rice genomics and agricultural traits are
discussed, and biotechnology for engineering and improve rice
varieties. Mango topics are presented with an overview of molecular
methods for variety differentiation, and aspects of fruit
improvement by traditional and biotechnology methods. Oilseed rape
is presented, discussing the genetic diversity, quality traits,
genetic maps, genomic selection and comparative genomics for
improvement of varieties. Tomato studies are presented, with an
overview on the knowledge of the regulatory networks involved in
flowering, methods applied to study the tomato genome-wide DNA
methylation, its regulation by small RNAs, microRNA-dependent
control of transcription factors expression, the development and
ripening processes in tomato, genomic studies and fruit modelling
to establish fleshy fruit traits of interest; the gene
reprogramming during fruit ripening, and the ethylene dependent and
independent DNA methylation changes.
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