Clouds and cloud systems and their interactions with larger
scales of motion, radiation, and the Earth's surface are extremely
important parts of weather and climate systems. Their treatment in
weather forecast and climate models is a significant source of
errors and uncertainty. As computer power increases, it is
beginning to be possible to explicitly resolve cloud and
precipitation processes in these models, presenting opportunities
for improving precipitation forecasts and larger-scale phenomena
such as tropical cyclones which depend critically on cloud and
precipitation physics.
This book by Professor Shouting Gao of the Institute of
Atmospheric Physics in Beijing and Xiaofan Li of NOAA's National
Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services (NESDIS)
presents an update and review of results of high-resolution, mostly
two-dimensional models of clouds and precipitation and their
interactions with larger scales of motion and the Earth's surface.
It provides a thorough description of cloud and precipitation
physics, including basic governing equations and related physics,
such as phase changes of water, radiation and mixing. Model results
are compared with observations from the 1992-93 Tropical Ocean
Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment
(TOGA COARE) experiment. The importance of the ocean to tropical
convective systems is clearly shown here in the numerical results
of simulations with their air-sea coupled modeling system. While
the focus is on tropical convection, the methodology and
applicability can be extended to cloud and precipitation processes
elsewhere.
The results described in this well-written book form a solid
foundation for future high-resolution model weather forecasts and
climate simulations that resolve clouds explicitly in three
dimensions-a future that has great promise for the understanding
and prediction of weather and climate for the great benefit of
society.
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