Discussing the role biosensors play in detecting and monitoring environmental substances, Biosensors and Environmental Health provides key facts that can be applied to other areas of health and disease and a "mini-dictionary" of key terms and summary points. It covers personal toxicity testing, soil and risk assessment, pesticide, insecticides, parasites, nitrate, endocrine disruptors, heavy metals, food contamination, whole cell bioreporters, bacterial biosensors, antibody-based biosensors, enzymatic, amperometric and electrochemical aspects, quorum sensing, DNA-biosensors, cantilever biosensors, bioluminescence and other methods and applications. The contributors are leading authorities and the book is essential reading for environmental scientists, toxicologists, medical doctors, health care professionals, pathologists, biologists, biochemists, chemists and physicists, general practitioners as well as those interested in disease and sciences in general.

Many advances have been made in the last decade in the understanding of the computational principles underlying olfactory system functioning. Neuromorphic Olfaction is a collaboration among European researchers who, through NEUROCHEM (Fp7-Grant Agreement Number 216916)-a challenging and innovative European-funded project-introduce novel computing paradigms and biomimetic artifacts for chemical sensing. The implications of these findings are relevant to a wide audience, including researchers in artifical olfaction, neuroscientists, physiologists, and scientists working with chemical sensors. Developing neuromorphic olfaction from conceptual points of view to practical applications, this cross-disciplinary book examines: The biological components of vertebrate and invertebrate chemical sensing systems The early coding pathways in the biological olfactory system, showing how nonspecific receptor populations may have significant advantages in encoding odor intensity as well as odor identity The redundancy and the massive convergence of the olfactory receptor neurons to the olfactory bulb A neuromorphic approach to artificial olfaction in robots Reactive and cognitive search strategies for olfactory robots The implementation of a computational model of the mammalian olfactory system The book's primary focus is on translating aspects of olfaction into computationally practical algorithms. These algorithms can help us understand the underlying behavior of the chemical senses in biological systems. They can also be translated into practical applications, such as robotic navigation and systems for uniquely detecting chemical species in a complex background.

This monograph focuses on the design, implementation and characterization of a concurrent dual band RF sensor for non-invasive detection of human vital signs. Exclusive title on multiband short range sensors and their biomedical applications, offers detailed analysis of subsystems based on fabricated and measured prototypes and verifies and discusses the system in the real-time environment. Discusses the practical difficulties of the design process and offers case studies based on the design.

Biomolecules and cells are critical components of biosensors and biomaterials, but in order to function in an artificial environment, they must be immobilized in a manner that does not affect their interaction with target analytes. Biosensors demonstrate that we can harness the incredible functions of living molecules and cells for our own purposes and are therefore at the forefront of technology. Moreover the applications of immobilized biomolecules and cells are expected to expand far beyond biosensor applications and indeed are already used for pharmaceutical production and testing. Biomaterials will become increasing common as they are being developed into toxic filters, artificial organs, and even silicon chips. This text includes a selection of methods for the immobilization of biomolecules and cells on a variety of surface with different geometries and chemistries so that they retain their function and guidelines on which method to use. Also included are the analytical techniques to measure the functionality of immobilized biomolecules. All the protocols have been tried and validated by the authors. This book is intended for researchers at all levels involved in developing b

The book highlights recent developments in the field of biomedical sensors with a focus on technology and design aspects of novel sensors and sensor systems. Diagnosis plays a central role in healthcare and requires a variety of novel biomedical sensors and sensor systems. This creates an enormous ongoing demand for sensors for both the everyday life as well as for medical care. Technologies concerning the analysis of human activities as well as for the early detection of diseases are moving into the focus of interest and form the basis for supporting human health and quality of life. As such, the book offers a key reference guide about novel medical sensors and systems for students, engineers, sensors designers and technicians.

The book highlights recent developments in the field of biomedical sensors with a focus on technology and design aspects of novel sensors and sensor systems. Diagnosis plays a central role in healthcare and requires a variety of novel biomedical sensors and sensor systems. This creates an enormous ongoing demand for sensors for both the everyday life as well as for medical care. Technologies concerning the analysis of human activities as well as for the early detection of diseases are moving into the focus of interest and form the basis for supporting human health and quality of life. As such, the book offers a key reference guide about novel medical sensors and systems for students, engineers, sensors designers and technicians.

Presents a comprehensive description of the theory and practical implementation of Doppler radar-based physiological monitoring This book includes an overview of current physiological monitoring techniques and explains the fundamental technology used in remote non-contact monitoring methods. Basic radio wave propagation and radar principles are introduced along with the fundamentals of physiological motion and measurement. Specific design and implementation considerations for physiological monitoring radar systems are then discussed in detail. The authors address current research and commercial development of Doppler radar based physiological monitoring for healthcare and other applications. * Explains pros and cons of different Doppler radar architectures, including CW, FMCW, and pulsed Doppler radar * Discusses nonlinear demodulation methods, explaining dc offset, dc information, center tracking, and demodulation enabled by dc cancellation * Reviews advanced system architectures that address issues of dc offset, spectrum folding, motion interference, and range resolution * Covers Doppler radar physiological measurements demonstrated to date, from basic cardiopulmonary rate extractions to more involved volume assessments Doppler Radar Physiological Sensing serves as a fundamental reference for radar, biomedical, and microwave engineers as well as healthcare professionals interested in remote physiological monitoring methods. Olga Boric-Lubecke, PhD, is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and an IEEE Fellow. She is widely recognized as a pioneer and leader in microwave radar technologies for non-contact cardiopulmonary monitoring, and in the design of integrated circuits for biomedical applications. Victor M. Lubecke, PhD, is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He is an emeritus IEEE Distinguished Microwave Lecturer and has over 25 years of experience in research and development of devices and methods for radio-based remote sensing systems. Amy Droitcour, PhD, has spent ten years developing radar-based vital signs measurement technology through her dissertation research and leading product development as CTO of Kai Medical. She currently serves as Senior Vice President of R&D at Wave 80 Biosciences. Byung-Kwon-Park, PhD, is a senior research engineer at the Mechatronics R&D Center in Korea. Aditya Singh, PhD, is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Hawaii Neuroscience and MRI research Program.

Immunosensors are widely used and are particularly important for fast diagnosis of diseases in remote environments as well as point-of-care devices. In this book, expert scientists are covering a selection of high quality representative examples from the past five years explaining how this area has developed. It is a compilation of recent advances in several areas of immunosensors for multiple target analysis using laboratory based or point-of-care set-up, for example graphene-, ISFET- and nanostructure-based immunosensors, electrochemical magneto immunosensors and nanoimprinted immunosensors. Filling a gap in the literature, it showcases the multidisciplinary, innovative developments in this highly important area and provides pointers towards commercialisation. Delivering a single, comprehensive work, it appeals to graduate students and professional researchers across academia and industry.

Fluorescent chemosensors have been widely applied in many diverse fields such as biology, physiology, pharmacology, and environmental sciences. The interdisciplinary nature of chemosensor research has continued to grow over the last 25 years to meet the increasing needs of monitoring our environment and health. More recently, a large range of fluorescent chemosensors have been established for the detection of biologically and/or environmentally important species, and are increasingly being used to solve biological problems. The use of these molecules as imaging probes to diagnose and treat disease is gaining momentum with clear future applications. This book will bring together world-leading experts to describe the current state of play in the field and introduce the cutting-edge research and possible future directions into fluorescent chemosensors design. Chapters focus on the basic principles involved in the design of chemosensors for specific analytes, problems, and challenges in the field. Concentrating on advanced techniques and methods, the book will be of use for academics and researchers across a number of disciplines, with international appeal.

Nucleic acids are the fundamental building blocks of life and are found in all living things. In recent years, their functions have been shown to extend beyond the Watson-Crick base pair recognition of complementary strands. Molecules (known as aptamers) consisting of 40-50 nucleotides have been isolated that are able to bind a broad range of molecules with high affinity and specificity. The molecules recognized by aptamers range from small organic molecules to proteins, cells and even intact viral particles. Catalytic DNA molecules called NAzymes (RNAzyme or DNAzyme) have also been shown to exist and, when combined with aptamers, are known as aptazymes. These biomolecules can be used to develop smart and innovative biosensors for environmental analysis. Monitoring of contaminants in the air, water and soil is a key component in understanding and managing risks to human health and ecosystems. This, in conjunction with the time and cost involved in traditional chemical analysis, means there is a growing need for simple, rapid, cost-effective and portable screening methods. Biosensors are compact devices which complement current field screening and monitoring methods. This book demonstrates the incredible opportunities that nucleic acids can offer to environmental analytical chemistry. The chapters: show how nucleic acids have a pivotal role in the development of smart biosensors for environmental monitoring; describe the development of biosensors based on aptamers and NAzymes for the detection of organic and inorganic pollutants; deal with the use of nucleic acid based biosensors for environmental toxicity screening, and detail the use of nanomaterials, as well as miniaturization and lab-on-a-chip technologies, for nucleic acid based biosensing systems.

This book starts with an overview and introduction on the trends in nanofabrication and nanoimprint technology, followed by a detailed discussion on the design, fabrication, and evaluation of nanoimprint biosensors. The proto-model systems and some application examples of this sensor are also included in the chapters. The book will appeal to anyone in the field of nanotechnology, especially nanofabrication, nanophotonics, and nanobiology, or biosensor research.

Providing an updated summary of the application of different types of sensors for the analysis of food safety and quality, this book discusses the core principles, current research status, challenges and successful examples for each technology. In addition, the prospective and future trends for each topic are covered in each chapter. The editor and contributors are all experts in designing and constructing different types of sensors in food analysis, mainly focusing on the determination of food safety and quality. Sensors, as a new generation of detection technique, have many advantages and the application of sensors in food analysis will continue to grow in the next decades. However, until now, there has been no book providing the detailed characterization and summary of sensors in food safety and quality analysis that this book provides. It is vital reading for academic researchers and practising professionals in Food Science, Agricultural Engineering, Biological Systems Engineering, Food Safety, Food Quality and Food Analysis who are using sensors in their work.

Chemical sensors and biosensors are among the fastest growing of analytical techniques. This text provides an up-to-the-minute overview of a wide range of sensing systems, discussing the elements of different transducers used in sensors and the selective elements that are employed. The style is relatively non-mathematical and informal in approach.

Key features and subjects covered include the following:

• Sensors based on both electrochemical and photometric transducers
• Mass-sensitive sensors
• Thermal-sensitive sensors
• Performance factors for sensors
• Examples of applications
• Detailed case studies of five selected sensors
• 30 discussion questions with worked examples and 80 self-assessment questions
• 140 explanatory diagrams
• An extensive bibliography

A thorough guide to the fundamental development of linear piezoelectricity for vibrations Vibrations of Linear Piezostructures is an introductory text that offers a concise examination of the general theory of vibrations of linear piezostructures. This important book brings together in one comprehensive volume the most current information on the theory for modeling and analysis of piezostructures. The authors explore the fundamental principles of piezostructures, review the relevant mathematics, continuum mechanics and elasticity, and continuum electrodynamics as they are applied to electromechanical piezostructures, and include the work that pertains to linear constitutive laws of piezoelectricity. The book addresses modeling of linear piezostructures via Newton's approach and Variational Methods. In addition, the authors explore the weak and strong forms of the equations of motion, Galerkin approximation methods for the weak form, Fourier or modal methods, and finite element methods. This important book: Covers the fundamental developments to vibrational theory for linear piezostructures Provides an introduction to continuum mechanics, elasticity, electrodynamics, variational calculus, and applied mathematics Offers in-depth coverage of Newton's formulation of the equations of motion of vibrations of piezo-structures Discusses the variational methods for generation of equations of motion of piezo-structures Written for students, professionals, and researchers in the field, Vibrations of Linear Piezostructures is an up-to-date volume to the fundamental development of linear piezoelectricity for vibrations from initial development to fully modeled systems using various methods.

As the elderly population increases, the importance of creating sophisticated information support to humans with limited sensing performance has also grown. This book discusses human and artificial sensing in conjunction with human perception capabilities (auditory, taste, smell, vision, and touch). It also discusses the fusion of this sensing information to find answers to questions such as how we can increase our human "fuzzy" decision capability (perception). The book presents intelligent new technologies that can enhance the natural sensing, perception, and mobility abilities of humans, allowing them to have healthier, more productive, safer lives.

In this second volume of a sub-series dedicated to regional activities, eminent authorities form China in the field of biosensors provide an up-to-date overview of their laboratory's contribution, summarizing the primary research as it has appeared, possibly scattered, in the journal and conference literature and reflecting on their findings. This produces an innovative synthesis of such smaller research efforts into an overall perspective on the topic, which is difficult for the reader to glean from the multifarious original publications often available only in Chinese. There is latitude for the inclusion of detail that may have been excised from the original publication and for speculation on future possibilities. The net result is intense, yet highly readable accounts of the state of the art at this leading edge of analytical technology in this key region of the world.
This is the first book in the English language summarizing biosensor and bioelectronics efforts in China.