Written by prominent experts in the field, this monograph provides the first comprehensive and unified presentation of the structural, algorithmic, and applied aspects of the theory of Boolean functions. The book focuses on algebraic representations of Boolean functions, especially disjunctive and conjunctive normal form representations. It presents in this framework the fundamental elements of the theory (Boolean equations and satisfiability problems, prime implicants and associated short representations, dualization), an in-depth study of special classes of Boolean functions (quadratic, Horn, shellable, regular, threshold, read-once functions and their characterization by functional equations), and two fruitful generalizations of the concept of Boolean functions (partially defined functions and pseudo-Boolean functions). Several topics are presented here in book form for the first time. Because of the unique depth and breadth of the unified treatment that it provides and of its emphasis on algorithms and applications, this monograph will have special appeal for researchers and graduate students in discrete mathematics, operations research, computer science, engineering, and economics.

This volume is the first diverse and comprehensive treatment of algorithms and architectures for the realization of neural network systems. It presents techniques and diverse methods in numerous areas of this broad subject. The book covers major neural network systems structures for achieving effective systems, and illustrates them with examples.
This volume includes Radial Basis Function networks, the Expand-and-Truncate Learning algorithm for the synthesis of Three-Layer Threshold Networks, weight initialization, fast and efficient variants of Hamming and Hopfield neural networks, discrete time synchronous multilevel neural systems with reduced VLSI demands, probabilistic design techniques, time-based techniques, techniques for reducing physical realization requirements, and applications to finite constraint problems.
A unique and comprehensive reference for a broad array of algorithms and architectures, this book will be of use to practitioners, researchers, and students in industrial, manufacturing, electrical, and mechanical engineering, as well as in computer science and engineering.
Key Features
* Radial Basis Function networks
* The Expand-and-Truncate Learning algorithm for the synthesis of Three-Layer Threshold Networks
* Weight initialization
* Fast and efficient variants of Hamming and Hopfield neural networks
* Discrete time synchronous multilevel neural systems with reduced VLSI demands
* Probabilistic design techniques
* Time-based techniques
* Techniques for reducing physical realization requirements
* Applications to finite constraint problems
* Practical realization methods for Hebbian type associative memory systems
*Parallel self-organizing hierarchical neural network systems
* Dynamics of networks of biological neurons for utilization in computational neuroscience
Practitioners, researchers, and students in industrial, manufacturing, electrical, and mechanical engineering, as well as in computer science and engineering, will find this volume a unique and comprehensive reference to a broad array of algorithms and architectures

This book gives a comprehensive description of the architecture of microprocessors from simple in-order short pipeline designs to out-of-order superscalars. It discusses topics such as: * The policies and mechanisms needed for out-of-order processing such as register renaming, reservation stations, and reorder buffers * Optimizations for high performance such as branch predictors, instruction scheduling, and load-store speculations * Design choices and enhancements to tolerate latency in the cache hierarchy of single and multiple processors * State-of-the-art multithreading and multiprocessing emphasizing single chip implementations Topics are presented as conceptual ideas, with metrics to assess the performance impact, if appropriate, and examples of realization. The emphasis is on how things work at a black box and algorithmic level. The author also provides sufficient detail at the register transfer level so that readers can appreciate how design features enhance performance as well as complexity.

This book provides its readers with the means to implement energy-efficient video systems, by using different optimization approaches at multiple abstraction levels. The authors evaluate the complete video system with a motive to optimize its different software and hardware components in synergy, increase the throughput-per-watt, and address reliability issues. Subsequently, this book provides algorithmic and architectural enhancements, best practices and deployment models for new video systems, while considering new implementation paradigms of hardware accelerators, parallelism for heterogeneous multi- and many-core systems, and systems with long life-cycles. Particular emphasis is given to the current video encoding industry standard H.264/AVC, and one of the latest video encoders (High Efficiency Video Coding, HEVC).

The latest techniques and principles of parallel and grid database processing The growth in grid databases, coupled with the utility of parallel query processing, presents an important opportunity to understand and utilize high-performance parallel database processing within a major database management system (DBMS). This important new book provides readers with a fundamental understanding of parallelism in data-intensive applications, and demonstrates how to develop faster capabilities to support them. It presents a balanced treatment of the theoretical and practical aspects of high-performance databases to demonstrate how parallel query is executed in a DBMS, including concepts, algorithms, analytical models, and grid transactions. High-Performance Parallel Database Processing and Grid Databases serves as a valuable resource for researchers working in parallel databases and for practitioners interested in building a high-performance database. It is also a much-needed, self-contained textbook for database courses at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels.

Artificial Intelligence for Autonomous Networks introduces the autonomous network by juxtaposing two unique technologies and communities: Networking and AI. The book reviews the technologies behind AI and software-defined network/network function virtualization, highlighting the exciting opportunities to integrate those two worlds. Outlining the new frontiers for autonomous networks, this book highlights their impact and benefits to consumers and enterprise customers. It also explores the potential of the autonomous network for transforming network operation, cyber security, enterprise services, 5G and IoT, infrastructure monitoring and traffic optimization, and finally, customer experience and care. With contributions from leading experts, this book will provide an invaluable resource for network engineers, software engineers, artificial intelligence, and machine learning researchers.

In this text, students of applied mathematics, science and engineering are introduced to fundamental ways of thinking about the broad context of parallelism. The authors begin by giving the reader a deeper understanding of the issues through a general examination of timing, data dependencies, and communication. These ideas are implemented with respect to shared memory, parallel and vector processing, and distributed memory cluster computing. Threads, OpenMP, and MPI are covered, along with code examples in Fortran, C, and Java. The principles of parallel computation are applied throughout as the authors cover traditional topics in a first course in scientific computing. Building on the fundamentals of floating point representation and numerical error, a thorough treatment of numerical linear algebra and eigenvector/eigenvalue problems is provided. By studying how these algorithms parallelize, the reader is able to explore parallelism inherent in other computations, such as Monte Carlo methods.

Although multicore is now a mainstream architecture, there are few textbooks that cover parallel multicore architectures. Filling this gap, Fundamentals of Parallel Multicore Architecture provides all the material for a graduate or senior undergraduate course that focuses on the architecture of multicore processors. The book is also useful as a reference for professionals who deal with programming on multicore or designing multicore chips. The text's coverage of fundamental topics prepares students to study research papers in the multicore architecture area. The text offers many pedagogical features, including: Sufficiently short chapters that can be comfortably read over a weekend Introducing each concept by first describing the problem and building intuition that leads to the need for the concept "Did you know?" boxes that present mini case studies, alternative points of view, examples, and other interesting facts or discussion items Thought-provoking interviews with experts who share their perspectives on multicore architectures in the past, present, and future Online programming assignments and solutions that enhance students' understanding The first several chapters address programming issues in shared memory multiprocessors, such as the programming model and techniques to parallelize regular and irregular applications. The core of the book covers the architectures for shared memory multiprocessors. The final chapter contains interviews with experts in parallel multicore architecture.

Advances in Delay-Tolerant Networks: Architecture and Enhanced Performance, Second Edition provides an important overview of delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) for researchers in electronics, computer engineering, telecommunications and networking for those in academia and R&D in industrial sectors. Part I reviews the technology involved and the prospects for improving performance, including different types of DTN and their applications, such as satellite and deep-space communications and vehicular communications. Part II focuses on how the technology can be further improved, addressing topics, such as data bundling, opportunistic routing, reliable data streaming, and the potential for rapid selection and dissemination of urgent messages. Opportunistic, delay-tolerant networks address the problem of intermittent connectivity in a network where there are long delays between sending and receiving messages, or there are periods of disconnection.

Petri nets are a popular and powerful formal model for the analysis and modelling of concurrent systems, and a rich theory has developed around them. Petri nets are taught to undergraduates, and also used by industrial practitioners. This book focuses on a particular class of petri nets, free choice petri nets, which play a central role in the theory. The text is very clearly organised, with every notion carefully explained and every result proved. Clear exposition is given for place invariants, siphons, traps and many other important analysis techniques. The material is organised along the lines of a course book, and each chapter contains numerous exercises, making this book ideal for graduate students and research workers alike.

The foundations of parallel computation, especially the efficiency of computation, are the concern of this book. Distinguished international researchers have contributed fifteen chapters which together form a coherent stream taking the reader who has little prior knowledge of the field to a position of being familiar with leading edge issues. The book may also function as a source of teaching material and reference for researchers. The first part is devoted to the Parallel Random Access Machine (P-RAM) model of parallel computation. The initial chapters justify and define the model, which is then used for the development of algorithm design in a variety of application areas such as deterministic algorithms, randomisation and algorithm resilience. The second part deals with distributed memory models of computation. The question of efficiently implementing P-RAM algorithms within these models is addressed as are the immensely interesting prospects for general purpose parallel computation.

For courses in Logic and Computer design. Understanding Logic and Computer Design for All Audiences Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals is a thoroughly up-to-date text that makes logic design, digital system design, and computer design available to students of all levels. The Fifth Edition brings this widely recognised source to modern standards by ensuring that all information is relevant and contemporary. The material focuses on industry trends and successfully bridges the gap between the much higher levels of abstraction students in the field must work with today than in the past. Broadly covering logic and computer design, Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals is a flexibly organised source material that allows instructors to tailor its use to a wide range of student audiences.

Drawing on the author's 25+ years of teaching experience, Signals and Systems: A MATLAB (R) Integrated Approach presents a novel and comprehensive approach to understanding signals and systems theory. Many texts use MATLAB (R) as a computational tool, but Alkin's text employs MATLAB both computationally and pedagogically to provide interactive, visual reinforcement of the fundamentals, including the characteristics of signals, operations used on signals, time and frequency domain analyses of systems, continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems, and more. In addition to 350 traditional end-of-chapter problems and 287 solved examples, the book includes hands-on MATLAB modules consisting of: 101 solved MATLAB examples, working in tandem with the contents of the text itself 98 MATLAB homework problems (coordinated with the 350 traditional end-of-chapter problems) 93 GUI-based MATLAB demo programs that animate key figures and bring core concepts to life 23 MATLAB projects, more involved than the homework problems (used by instructors in building assignments) 11 sections of standalone MATLAB exercises that increase MATLAB proficiency and enforce good coding practices Each module or application is linked to a specific segment of the text to ensure seamless integration between learning and doing. A solutions manual, all relevant MATLAB code, figures, presentation slides, and other ancillary materials are available on an author-supported website or with qualifying course adoption. By involving students directly in the process of visualization, Signals and Systems: A MATLAB (R) Integrated Approach affords a more interactive-thus more effective-solution for a one- or two-semester course on signals and systems at the junior or senior level.

A survey of microwave technology tailored for professionals in wireless communications

RF Technologies for Low Power Wireless Communications updates recent developments in wireless communications from a hardware design standpoint and offers specialized coverage of microwave technology with a focus on the low power wireless units required in modern wireless systems. It explores results of recent research that focused on a holistic, integrated approach to the topics of materials, devices, circuits, modulation, and architectures rather than the more traditional approach of research into isolated topical areas.

Twelve chapters deal with various fundamental research aspects of low power wireless electronics written by world-class experts in each field. The first chapter offers an overview of wireless architecture and performance, followed by detailed coverage of:

• Advanced GaAs-based HBT designs
• InP-based devices and circuits
• Si/SiGe HBT technology
• Noise in GaN devices
• Power amplifier architectures and nonlinearities
• Planar-oriented components
• MEMS and micromachined components
• Resonators, filters, and low-noise oscillators
• Antennas
• Transceiver front-end architectures

With a clear focus and expert contributors, RF Technologies for Low Power Wireless Communications will be of interest to a wide range of electrical engineering disciplines working in wireless technologies.

A comprehensive look at the rapidly growing field of low-power VLSI design

Low-power VLSI circuit design is a dynamic research area driven by the growing reliance on battery-powered portable computing and wireless communications products. In addition, it has become critical to the continued progress of high-performance and reliable microelectronic systems. This self-contained volume clearly introduces each topic, incorporates dozens of illustrations, and concludes chapters with summaries and references. VLSI circuit and CAD engineers as well as researchers in universities and industry will find ample information on tools and techniques for design and optimization of low-power electronic systems. Topics include:

• Fundamentals of power dissipation in microelectronic devices
• Estimation of power dissipation due to switching, short circuit, subthreshold leakage, and diode leakage currents
• Design and test of low-voltage CMOS circuits
• Power-conscious logic and high-level synthesis
• Low-power static RAM architecture
• Energy recovery techniques
• Software power estimation and optimization

Digital audio, speech recognition, cable modems, radar, high-definition television—these are but a few of the modern computer and communications applications relying on digital signal processing (DSP) and the attendant application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). As information-age industries constantly reinvent ASIC chips for lower power consumption and higher efficiency, there is a growing need for designers who are current and fluent in VLSI design methodologies for DSP.

Enter VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems—a unique, comprehensive guide to performance optimization techniques in VLSI signal processing. Based on Keshab Parhi's highly respected and popular graduate-level courses, this volume is destined to become the standard text and reference in the field. This text integrates VLSI architecture theory and algorithms, addresses various architectures at the implementation level, and presents several approaches to analysis, estimation, and reduction of power consumption.

Throughout this book, Dr. Parhi explains how to design high-speed, low-area, and low-power VLSI systems for a broad range of DSP applications. He covers pipelining extensively as well as numerous other techniques, from parallel processing to scaling and roundoff noise computation. Readers are shown how to apply all techniques to improve implementations of several DSP algorithms, using both ASICs and off-the-shelf programmable digital signal processors.

The book features hundreds of graphs illustrating the various DSP algorithms, examples based on digital filters and transforms clarifying key concepts, and interesting end-of-chapter exercises that help match techniques with applications. In addition, the abundance of readily available techniques makes this an extremely useful resource for designers of DSP systems in wired, wireless, or multimedia communications. The material can be easily adopted in new courses on either VLSI digital signal processing architectures or high-performance VLSI system design.

An invaluable reference and practical guide to VLSI digital signal processing.

A tremendous source of optimization techniques indispensable in modern VLSI signal processing, VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems promises to become the standard in the field. It offers a rich training ground for students of VLSI design for digital signal processing and provides immediate access to state-of-the-art, proven techniques for designers of DSP applications—in wired, wireless, or multimedia communications.

Topics include:

• Transformations for high speed using pipelining, retiming, and parallel processing techniques
• Power reduction transformations for supply voltage reduction as well as for strength or capacitance reduction
• Area reduction using folding techniques
• Strategies for arithmetic implementation
• Synchronous, wave, and asynchronous pipelining
• Design of programmable DSPs.

Use your Raspberry Pi to get smart about computing fundamentals In the 1980s, the tech revolution was kickstarted by a flood of relatively inexpensive, highly programmable computers like the Commodore. Now, a second revolution in computing is beginning with the Raspberry Pi. Learning Computer Architecture with the Raspberry Pi is the premier guide to understanding the components of the most exciting tech product available. Thanks to this book, every Raspberry Pi owner can understand how the computer works and how to access all of its hardware and software capabilities. Now, students, hackers, and casual users alike can discover how computers work with Learning Computer Architecture with the Raspberry Pi. This book explains what each and every hardware component does, how they relate to one another, and how they correspond to the components of other computing systems. You'll also learn how programming works and how the operating system relates to the Raspberry Pi's physical components. * Co-authored by Eben Upton, one of the creators of the Raspberry Pi, this is a companion volume to the Raspberry Pi User Guide * An affordable solution for learning about computer system design considerations and experimenting with low-level programming * Understandable descriptions of the functions of memory storage, Ethernet, cameras, processors, and more * Gain knowledge of computer design and operation in general by exploring the basic structure of the Raspberry Pi The Raspberry Pi was created to bring forth a new generation of computer scientists, developers, and architects who understand the inner workings of the computers that have become essential to our daily lives. Learning Computer Architecture with the Raspberry Pi is your gateway to the world of computer system design.

The use of parallel processing technology in the next generation of Database Management Systems (DBMSs) makes it possible to meet new and challenging requirements. Database technology in rapidly expanding new application areas brings unique challenges such as increased functionality and efficient handling of very large heterogeneous databases.
Abdelguerfi and Wong present the latest techniques in parallel relational databases illustrating high-performance achievements in parallel database systems. The text is structured according to the overall architecture of a parallel database system presenting various techniques that may be adopted to the design of parallel database software and hardware execution environments. These techniques can directly or indirectly lead to high-performance parallel database implementation.
The book's main focus follows the authors' engineering model: A survey of parallel query optimization techniques for requests involving multi-way joins; A new technique for a join operation that can be adopted in the local optimization stage; A framework for recovery in parallel database systems using the ACTA formalism; The architectural details of NCR's new Petabyte multimedia database system; A description of the Super Database Computer (SDC-II); A case study for a shared-nothing parallel database server that analyzes and compares the effectiveness of five data placement techniques.

Mathematics Ones and Zeros Understanding Boolean Algebra, Digital Circuits, and the Logic of Sets Ones and Zeros explains, in lay terms, Boolean algebra, the suprisingly simple system of mathematical logic used in digital computer circuitry. Anecdotal in style and often funny, Ones and Zeros follows the development of this logic system from its origins in Victorian England to its rediscovery in this century as the foundation of all modern computing machinery. Readers will learn about the interesting history of the development of symbolic logic in particular, and the often misunderstood process of mathematical invention and scientific discovery, in general. Ones and Zeros also features practical exercises with answers, real-world examples of digital circuit design, and a reading list. This fascinating look at the crucial technology of the twentieth century will be enjoyed by anyone who has a general interest in science, technology, and mathematics. Ones and Zeros will be of particular interest to software engineers who want to gain a comprehensive understanding of computer hardware. Outstanding features include:

• A history of mathematical logic
• An explanation of the logic of digital circuits
• Hands-on exercises and examples

About the IEEE Press Understanding Science & Technology Series The IEEE Press Understanding Science & Technology Series treats important topics in science and technology in a simple and easy to understand manner. Designed expressly for the nonspecialist engineer, scientist, or technician, as well as the technologically curious, each volume stresses practical information over mathematical theorems and complicated derivations.

The papers present in this text survey both distributed shared memory (DSM) efforts and commercial DSM systems. The book discusses relevant issues that make the concept of DSM one of the most attractive approaches for building large-scale, high-performance multiprocessor systems. The authors provide a general introduction to the DSM field as well as a broad survey of the basic DSM concepts, mechanisms, design issues, and systems.

The book concentrates on basic DSM algorithms, their enhancements, and their performance evaluation. In addition, it details implementations that employ DSM solutions at the software and the hardware level. This guide is a research and development reference that provides state-of-the art information that will be useful to architects, designers, and programmers of DSM systems.

This book provides an in-depth study concerning a claqss of problems in the general area of load sharing and balancing in parallel and distributed systems. The authors present the design and analysis of load distribution strategies for arbitrarily divisible loads in multiprocessor/multicomputer systems subjects to the system constraints in the form of communication delays. In particular, two system architecture-single-level tree or star network, and linear network-are thoroughly analyzed.
The text studies two different cases, one of processors with front-ends and the other without. It concentrates on load distribution strategies and performance analysis, and does not cover issues related to implementation of these strategies on a specific system. The book collates research results developed mainly by two groups at the Indian Institute of Science and the State University of New York at Stony Brook. It also covers results by other researchers that have either appeared or are due to appear in computer science literature. The book also provides relevant but easily understandable numerical examples and figures to illustrate important concepts. It is the first book in this area and is intended to spur further research enabling these ideas to be applied to a more general class of loads. The new methodology introduced here allows a close examination of issues involving the integration of communication and computation. In fact, what is presented is a new "calculus" for load sharing problems.

As computers become more complex, the number and complexity of the tasks facing the computer architect also increase. Computer performance often depends on the design parameters and intuition that must be supplemented by performance studies to enhance design productivity. Performance Modeling for Computer Architects introduces computer architects to computer system performance models and shows how they are relatively simple, inexpensive to implement, and sufficiently accurate for most purposes. The book discusses the development of performance models based on queuing theory and probability. The text also shows how performance models are used to provide quick approximate calculations to indicate basic performance trade-offs and to narrow the range of parameters considered when determining system configurations. Performance models can demonstrate how a memory system is to be configured, what the cache structure should be, and what effect incremental changes in cache size can have on the miss rate. A particularly deep knowledge of probability theory or any other mathematical field is not required to understand the papers in this volume.