This book analyzes energy and reliability as major challenges faced by designers of computing frameworks in the nanometer technology regime. The authors describe the existing solutions to address these challenges and then reveal a new reconfigurable computing platform, which leverages high-density nanoscale memory for both data storage and computation to maximize the energy-efficiency and reliability. The energy and reliability benefits of this new paradigm are illustrated and the design challenges are discussed. Various hardware and software aspects of this exciting computing paradigm are described, particularly with respect to hardware-software co-designed frameworks, where the hardware unit can be reconfigured to mimic diverse application behavior. Finally, the energy-efficiency of the paradigm described is compared with other, well-known reconfigurable computing platforms.

This book questions the relevance of computation to the physical universe. Our theories deliver computational descriptions, but the gaps and discontinuities in our grasp suggest a need for continued discourse between researchers from different disciplines, and this book is unique in its focus on the mathematical theory of incomputability and its relevance for the real world. The core of the book consists of thirteen chapters in five parts on extended models of computation; the search for natural examples of incomputable objects; mind, matter, and computation; the nature of information, complexity, and randomness; and the mathematics of emergence and morphogenesis. This book will be of interest to researchers in the areas of theoretical computer science, mathematical logic, and philosophy.

With VLSI chip transistors getting smaller and smaller, today's digital systems are more complex than ever before. This increased complexity leads to more cross-talk, noise, and other sources of transient errors during normal operation. Traditional off-line testing strategies cannot guarantee detection of these transient faults. And with critical applications relying on faster, more powerful chips, fault-tolerant, self-checking mechanisms must be built in to assure reliable operation.

"Self-Checking and Fault-Tolerant Digital Design" deals extensively with self-checking design techniques and is the only book that emphasizes major techniques for hardware fault tolerance. Graduate students in VLSI design courses as well as practicing designers will appreciate this balanced treatment of the concepts and theory underlying fault tolerance along with the practical techniques used to create fault-tolerant systems.
* Introduces reliability theory and the importance of maintainability
* Presents coding and the construction of several error detecting and correcting codes
* Discusses in depth, the available techniques for fail-safe design of combinational circuits
* Details checker design techniques for detecting erroneous bits and encoding output of self-checking circuits
* Demonstrates how to design self-checking sequential circuits, including a technique for fail-safe state machine design

"Focuses broadly on those aspects of the UNIX environment that are needed to provide a more global understanding, especially in its dealing with distributed and networked systems, in a very practical and hands-on manner." -- IEEE Network Magazine

Understanding WMI Scripting explains to Windows and Exchange Administrators how they can use the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) scriptable technology available in these products to ease their day-to-day management tasks. Under Windows.NET and Exchange 2000 (SP2), Microsoft is making solid enhancements in WMI. This will dramatically extend the scripting and manageability capabilities of Windows and Exchange. Illustrated with more than three hundred samples, the book links practical problems encountered by administrators to applicable scriptable solutions. Lissoir focuses not on MI programming aspects for developers but on how administrators can use what is available in Windows and Exchange for their admin work. WMI is a very important topic under Windows.NET and Exchange 2000 (SP2), so this book provides real added value to Windows/Exchange administrators. Although Exchange relies on Windows, no other book combines coverage of Windows and Exchange.
-Fine tune management of Windows servers
-Achieve better system management and customize critical operations
-Access hundreds of usable scripts in book and downloadable from web

This book introduces new logic primitives for electronic design automation tools. The author approaches fundamental EDA problems from a different, unconventional perspective, in order to demonstrate the key role of rethinking EDA solutions in overcoming technological limitations of present and future technologies. The author discusses techniques that improve the efficiency of logic representation, manipulation and optimization tasks by taking advantage of majority and biconditional logic primitives. Readers will be enabled to accelerate formal methods by studying core properties of logic circuits and developing new frameworks for logic reasoning engines.

This book is structured as a step-by-step course of study along the lines of a VLSI integrated circuit design project. The entire Verilog language is presented, from the basics to everything necessary for synthesis of an entire 70,000 transistor, full-duplex serializer-deserializer, including synthesizable PLLs. The author includes everything an engineer needs for in-depth understanding of the Verilog language: Syntax, synthesis semantics, simulation and test. Complete solutions for the 27 labs are provided in the downloadable files that accompany the book. For readers with access to appropriate electronic design tools, all solutions can be developed, simulated, and synthesized as described in the book. A partial list of design topics includes design partitioning, hierarchy decomposition, safe coding styles, back annotation, wrapper modules, concurrency, race conditions, assertion-based verification, clock synchronization, and design for test. A concluding presentation of special topics includes System Verilog and Verilog-AMS.

This book features a collection of high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Innovations in Computer Science & Engineering (ICICSE 2019), held at Guru Nanak Institutions, Hyderabad, India, on 16-17 August 2019. Written by researchers from academia and industry, the book discusses a wide variety of industrial, engineering, and scientific applications of the emerging techniques in the field of computer science.

This book opens the door to a new interesting and ambitious world of reversible and quantum computing research. It presents the state of the art required to travel around that world safely. Top world universities, companies and government institutions are in a race of developing new methodologies, algorithms and circuits on reversible logic, quantum logic, reversible and quantum computing and nano-technologies. In this book, twelve reversible logic synthesis methodologies are presented for the first time in a single literature with some new proposals. Also, the sequential reversible logic circuitries are discussed for the first time in a book. Reversible logic plays an important role in quantum computing. Any progress in the domain of reversible logic can be directly applied to quantum logic. One of the goals of this book is to show the application of reversible logic in quantum computing. A new implementation of wavelet and multiwavelet transforms using quantum computing is performed for this purpose. Researchers in academia or industry and graduate students, who work in logic synthesis, quantum computing, nano-technology, and low power VLSI circuit design, will be interested in this book.

Digital Hardware Testing presents realistic transistor-level fault models and testing methods for all types of circuits. The discussion details design-for-testability and built-in self-test methods, with coverage of boundary scan and emerging technologies such as partial scan, cross check, and circular self-test-path.

This book puts the spotlight on how a real-time kernel works. Using Micrium's C/OS-III as a reference, the book consists of two complete parts. The first describes real-time kernels in generic terms. Part II provides examples to the reader, using STMicroelectronics' STM32F107 microcontroller, based on the popular ARM Cortex-M3 architecture. A companion evaluation board ***NOT INCLUDED, but available through Micrium*** ( C/Eval-STM32F107), and tools (IAR Systems Embedded Workbench for ARM), enable the reader to be up and running quickly, and have an amazing hands-on experience, leading to a high level of proficiency. This book is written for serious embedded systems programmers, consultants, hobbyists, and students interested in understanding the inner workings of a real-time kernel. C/OS-III is not just a great learning platform, but also a full commercial-grade software package, ready to be part of a wide range of products. C/OS-III is a highly portable, ROMable, scalable, preemptive real-time, multitasking kernel designed specifically to address the demanding requirements of today's embedded systems. C/OS-III is the successor to the highly popular C/OS-II real-time kernel but can use most of C/OS-II's ports with minor modifications. Some of the features of C/OS-III are: Preemptive multitasking with round-robin scheduling of tasks at the same priority Supports an unlimited number of tasks and other kernel objects Rich set of services: semaphores, mutual exclusion semaphores with full priority inheritance, event flags, message queues, timers, fixed-size memory block management, and more Built-in performance measurements About the Author Jean Labrosse founded Micrium in 1999. He is a regular speaker at the Embedded Systems Conference in Boston and Silicon Valley, and other industry conferences. Author of two definitive books on embedded design: MicroC/OS-II, The Real-Time Kernel and Embedded Systems Building Blocks, Complete and Ready-to-Use Modules in C, he holds BSEE and MSEE from the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of verification and debugging techniques for embedded software, which is frequently used in safety critical applications (e.g., automotive), where failures are unacceptable. Since the verification of complex systems needs to encompass the verification of both hardware and embedded software modules, this book focuses on verification and debugging approaches for embedded software with hardware dependencies. Coverage includes the entire flow of design, verification and debugging of embedded software and all key approaches to debugging, dynamic, static, and hybrid verification. This book discusses the current, industrial embedded software verification flow, as well as emerging trends with focus on formal and hybrid verification and debugging approaches.

This book collects multiple research articles studying the factors influencing wearable device usage. Based on multiple empirical studies, which research different kinds of wearable devices such as smartwatches, activity trackers, and smartglasses, potential drivers of wearable device usage are identified and evaluated. Overall, the book provides novel and important insights for both practitioners and academics, highlights their various practical implications for the development and marketing of wearable devices and offers outlooks on further research directions.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to spintronics-based computing for the next generation of ultra-low power/highly reliable logic. It will cover aspects from device to system-level, including magnetic memory cells, device modeling, hybrid circuit structure, design methodology, CAD tools, and technological integration methods. This book is accessible to a variety of readers and little or no background in magnetism and spin electronics are required to understand its content. The multidisciplinary team of expert authors from circuits, devices, computer architecture, CAD and system design reveal to readers the potential of spintronics nanodevices to reduce power consumption, improve reliability and enable new functionality.

Embedded systems are products such as microwave ovens, cars, and toys that rely on an internal microprocessor. This book is oriented toward the design engineer or programmer who writes the computer code for such a system. There are a number of problems specific to the embedded systems designer, and this book addresses them and offers practical solutions.
Key Features
* Offers cookbook routines, algorithms, and design techniques
* Includes tips for handling debugging management and testing
* Explores the philosophy of tightly coupling software and hardware in programming and developing an embedded system
* Provides one of the few coherent references on this subject

Whether you're an experienced webmaster new to OpenVMS or an old OpenVMS hand new to webservers, this book will save you time and help you do your job better. The book points out similarities and differences between Unix and VMS, contains a management-friendly explanation of VMS's suitability for 24x7 operation, explains web concepts like authentication and access control models clearly (including honest discussion of drawbacks and weaknesses). Clear examples show how to configure each of the three webservers to accomplish specific goals, and comparisons will help you choose which server to run. If you're using or considering using a VMS webserver, this book is for you.
OpenVMS with Apache, OSU and WASD also discusses specific tasks, such as how to port CGI programs from other operating systems, and gives working examples in PERL, Python, and DCL. One chapter also covers database connectivity for VMS-based CGI programs.
-Use OpenVMS to provide reliable, full-featured web service for your business
-Find information not available anywhere else for OpenVMS, whose unbeatable reliability makes it the web server of choice for institutions that can't afford downtime for their websites
-Learn from numerous examples and step-by-step procedures how to do the same task in different servers

This text explains how hard disk drives operate, how billions of bytes of digital information are stored and accessed, and where the technology is going. In particular, the book emphasizes the most fundamental principles of magnetic information storage, including in-depth knowledge of both magnetics and signal processing methods. Magnetic Information Storage Technology contains many graphic illustrations and an introduction of alternative storage technologies, such as optic disk recording, holographic recording, semiconductor flash memory, and magnetic random access memory.

* Provides the fundamentals of magnetic information storage and contrasts it with a comparison of alternative storage technologies
* Addresses the subject at the materials, device and system levels
* Addresses the needs of the multi-billion-dollar-a year magnetic recording and information storage industry
* Emphasizes both theoretical and experimental concepts
* Condenses current knowledge on magnetic information storage technology into one self-contained volume
* Suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as seasoned researchers, engineers and professionals in data and information storage fields

The aim of this book is to explain to high-performance computing (HPC) developers how to utilize the Intel(r) Xeon Phi series products efficiently. To that end, it introduces some computing grammar, programming technology and optimization methods for using many-integrated-core (MIC) platforms and also offers tips and tricks for actual use, based on the authors first-hand optimization experience.

The material is organized in three sections. The first section, Basics of MIC, introduces the fundamentals of MIC architecture and programming, including the specific Intel MIC programming environment. Next, the section on Performance Optimization explains general MIC optimization techniques, which are then illustrated step-by-step using the classical parallel programming example of matrix multiplication. Finally, Project development presents a set of practical and experience-driven methods for using parallel computing in application projects, including how to determine if a serial or parallel CPU program is suitable for MIC and how to transplant a program onto MIC.

This book appeals to two main audiences: First, software developers for HPC applications it will enable them to fully exploit the MIC architecture and thus achieve the extreme performance usually required in biological genetics, medical imaging, aerospace, meteorology and other areas of HPC. Second, students and researchers engaged in parallel and high-performance computing it will guide them on how to push the limits of system performance for HPC applications. "

This book provides techniques to tackle the design challenges raised by the increasing diversity and complexity of emerging, heterogeneous architectures for embedded systems. It describes an approach based on techniques from software engineering called aspect-oriented programming, which allow designers to control today's sophisticated design tool chains, while maintaining a single application source code. Readers are introduced to the basic concepts of an aspect-oriented, domain specific language that enables control of a wide range of compilation and synthesis tools in the partitioning and mapping of an application to a heterogeneous (and possibly multi-core) target architecture. Several examples are presented that illustrate the benefits of the approach developed for applications from avionics and digital signal processing. Using the aspect-oriented programming techniques presented in this book, developers can reuse extensive sections of their designs, while preserving the original application source-code, thus promoting developer productivity as well as architecture and performance portability. Describes an aspect-oriented approach for the compilation and synthesis of applications targeting heterogeneous embedded computing architectures. Includes examples using an integrated tool chain for compilation and synthesis. Provides validation and evaluation for targeted reconfigurable heterogeneous architectures. Enables design portability, given changing target devices* Allows developers to maintain a single application source code when targeting multiple architectures.

This book provides wide knowledge about designing FPGA-based heterogeneous computing systems, using a high-level design environment based on OpenCL (Open Computing language), which is called OpenCL for FPGA. The OpenCL-based design methodology will be the key technology to exploit the potential of FPGAs in various applications such as low-power embedded applications and high-performance computing. By understanding the OpenCL-based design methodology, readers can design an entire FPGA-based computing system more easily compared to the conventional HDL-based design, because OpenCL for FPGA takes care of computation on a host, data transfer between a host and an FPGA, computation on an FPGA with a capable of accessing external DDR memories. In the step-by-step way, readers can understand followings: how to set up the design environment how to write better codes systematically considering architectural constraints how to design practical applications

"Modern Compiler Design" makes the topic of compiler design more accessible by focusing on principles and techniques of wide application. By carefully distinguishing between the essential (material that has a high chance of being useful) and the incidental (material that will be of benefit only in exceptional cases) much useful information was packed in this comprehensive volume. The student who has finished this book can expect to understand the workings of and add to a language processor for each of the modern paradigms, and be able to read the literature on how to proceed. The first provides a firm basis, the second potential for growth.

System on chips designs have evolved from fairly simple unicore, single memory designs to complex heterogeneous multicore SoC architectures consisting of a large number of IP blocks on the same silicon. To meet high computational demands posed by latest consumer electronic devices, most current systems are based on such paradigm, which represents a real revolution in many aspects in computing. The attraction of multicore processing for power reduction is compelling. By splitting a set of tasks among multiple processor cores, the operating frequency necessary for each core can be reduced, allowing to reduce the voltage on each core. Because dynamic power is proportional to the frequency and to the square of the voltage, we get a big gain, even though we may have more cores running. As more and more cores are integrated into these designs to share the ever increasing processing load, the main challenges lie in efficient memory hierarchy, scalable system interconnect, new programming paradigms, and efficient integration methodology for connecting such heterogeneous cores into a single system capable of leveraging their individual flexibility. Current design methods tend toward mixed HW/SW co-designs targeting multicore systems on-chip for specific applications. To decide on the lowest cost mix of cores, designers must iteratively map the device's functionality to a particular HW/SW partition and target architectures. In addition, to connect the heterogeneous cores, the architecture requires high performance complex communication architectures and efficient communication protocols, such as hierarchical bus, point-to-point connection, or Network-on-Chip. Software development also becomes far more complex due to the difficulties in breaking a single processing task into multiple parts that can be processed separately and then reassembled later. This reflects the fact that certain processor jobs cannot be easily parallelized to run concurrently on multiple processing cores and that load balancing between processing cores - especially heterogeneous cores - is very difficult.

This book describes the implementation of green IT in various human and industrial domains. Consisting of four sections: "Development and Optimization of Green IT", "Modelling and Experiments with Green IT Systems", "Industry and Transport Green IT Systems", "Social, Educational and Business Aspects of Green IT", it presents results in two areas - the green components, networks, cloud and IoT systems and infrastructures; and the industry, business, social and education domains. It discusses hot topics such as programmable embedded and mobile systems, sustainable software and data centers, Internet servicing and cyber social computing, assurance cases and lightweight cryptography in context of green IT. Intended for university students, lecturers and researchers who are interested in power saving and sustainable computing, the book also appeals to engineers and managers of companies that develop and implement energy efficient IT applications.